EXP.

NO:18
HEADING
: QUALITATAIVE SALT ANALYSIS - IV
AIM : TO ANALYSE THE GIVEN SALT FOR ACIDIC AND BASIC RADICALS

SL.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Preliminary tests
Physical examination : Cu2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Ni2+,Mn2+,
1 White
(a) Noted the colour of the salt Co2+ absent
(b) Noted the smell of the salt NH4+, S2- & CH3COOH may
No specific odour
absent.
Dry heating test :
Heated a pinch of salt in a dry test Acetic acid
tube and noted the following vapours gives CH3COO- is present
observation : vinegar like smell
(a) Gas evolved
Ammonium halide,
No sublimate
(b) Sublimation Aluminium chloride ,Iodide
formed
may be absent
2 Lead nitrate, Barium nitrate,
No cracking sound Sodium chloride, Potassium
(c) Decrepitation
observed iodide & potassium iodide
may be absent
Alkali(Sodium, Potassium
(d) Fusion Salt does not fuse
salts may be absent
White salt
( e ) Colour of the residue becomes black on CH3COO- may be present
heating
Charcoal cavity test : Brown Residue
Mixed a pinch of the salt with formed when hot
3 double the quantity of Na2CO3 and yellow and Yellow Pb2 + may be present
heated the mixture on a charcoal residue formed
cavity in the reducing flame when cold
Cobalt nitrate test:
To the above white residue added No Characteristic Zn2+,Mg2+,Al3+, PO43- may be
4 a drop of cobalt nitrate solution. colour absent
Heated it in oxidizing flame
Flame test :
Prepared a paste of the salt with Dull bluish - white
5 Pb2+ present
Conc. HCl and performed flame observed
test
 Borax bead test :
Did not perform this test since the Cu2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Ni2+,Mn2+,
6
given salt was white Co2+ absent
Dilute Sulphuric acid test :
Treated a pinch of salt with CO32-,S2-,NO3-,SO32- may be
7 No gas evolved
dil.sulphuric acid and warmed absent
KMnO4 test:
To a pinch of salt added Pink colour of
Cl-,Br-,I-, C2O42-, Fe2+ may be
8 dil.sulphuric acid warm and then a KMnO4 was not
absent
drop KMnO4 solution. discharged

Conc. Sulphuric acid test : Colourless vapour

Heated a pinch of the salt with with smell
9 Conc.sulphuric acid and added to CH3COO- is present
vinegar, turns blue
it a paper pellet litmus red
Conc.NaOH test :
Heated a pinch of the salt with No Ammonia gas
10 NH4+ absent
Conc. NaOH solution evolved.
Confirmatory test for acetate:
(a) Oxalic test:
To a salt solution added 2 ml of Vinegar smell
CH3COO- is Confirmed
oxalic acid, then added 2-3 drops observed
of water. Rubbed on palm.
11
(b) Ester test :
To a salt solution added Conc.
H2SO4, then added few drops of A fruity smell
CH3COO- is Confirmed
Ethyl alcohol and heated gently observed
 Preparation of original solution (O.S)
Shook a pinch of salt in distilled water and added dilute HCl or Conc.HCl, cold or hot. To the
original solution ,added dilute HCl

Group I
To the part of the O.S , added 1-2 ml A White precipitate Group I present.
12
of dilute HCl formed (Pb2+ present)
Group II
Through the part of the above solution Group II absent.(Pb2+ ,
13 No precipitate formed
,passed hydrogen sulphide gas Cu2+, As3+, absent)

Group III
To the remaining solution, added a
pinch of solid ammonium chloride. Group III absent.
14 No precipitate formed
Boiled the solution, cooled it and (Fe3+,Al3+ absent)
added excess of ammonium hydroxide
solution
Group IV
Group IV absent.(Zn2+,
Through the part of the
15 No precipitate formed Mn2+,Ni2+,Co2+
solution ,passed hydrogen sulphide
absent)
gas
Group V To the remaining solution,
Group V present.
added ammonical solution and then
16 White precipitate formed (Ca2+,Ba2+,Sr2+ may be
added ammonium carbonate solution.
present )

Confirmatory test for Lead (Pb2+):

Boil the white precipitate with
distilled water and divide solution into
parts Yellow precipitate formed Pb2+ is Confirmed
(a) To one part of the above solution,
17 added a few drops of KI solution.
(b) To another part of the above
solution, added a few drops of K2CrO4
solution. Yellow precipitate formed Pb2+ is Confirmed

Result: The given salt contains Acid radical : CH3COO-

Basic radical : Pb2+

The given Salt is : Lead Acetate: Pb (CH3COO)2