TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT

LESSON 1: AIR TRANSPORTATION Wings

Airline ▪ Are the parts of airplane which

provides lift and support the entire
▪ Is a company that provides air weight.
transport services for traveling
passangers and freight.
Airlines lease or own their aircraft with TRAVEL BY AIR: A BACKGROUND
which to supply these seevices and may ▪ The airplane had a revolutionary
form partnerships. impact on tourism from World War 2
Airplane onward.
▪ In US, almost early airlines started by
▪ Are transportation devices which are carrying mails for the Post Office.
designed to move people and cargo ▪ One of the first was Varney which
from one place to another began in April 1926 and later
became United Airlines.
PARTS OF THE PLANE ▪ Western Airlines began its passenger
service on April 17, 1926 when it
carried a woman passenger along
with the mail.
▪ The introduction of longer range
Boeing 747-400 with a seating
capacity of 418 change travel
patterns.

TYPES OF COMMERCIAL AIRPLANES

Cockpit Jumbo Passenger Jets
▪ Usually the space at the front of the ▪ The Boeing 747 was the first wide-
for the pilot or the pilot’t body commercial jet to earn the
compartment moniker “Jumbo Jet.”
▪ The Boeing 747 jumbo jet is a long-
Landing Gear
haul plane. The tail stands 63 feet,
▪ Located underneath the plane, about as high as a five-story building
supports it while on the ground. ▪ It is distinguished by the hump on the
nose that houses the flight crew and
Fuselage an upper lounge for the first-class
▪ Is the central body portion of an passengers. It is safer and gives a
airplane which accommodates the smoother ride because its huge size
crew and passengers. lessens its reaction to air turbulence.

Some aircraft carry fuel in the fuselage, Boeing went on to sell over 1,544 jumbo
some carry the fuel in the wings. passenger jets.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Airbus Mid-size Passenger Jets
▪ Boeing’s only major rival in Jumbo Jet ▪ Have a narrower body that can still
sales. Although it is only four decades
carry over 350 passengers.
old, Airbus has taken a marginal lead
in market share. ▪ Are desirable among airliners
because they sustain greater
A380 models have steadily lost popularity profitability in seasonal routes.
among airliners because of their massive
size. Light Passenger Jets

▪ LPJ are popular for regional routes,

TOP 3 LARGEST PASSENGER AIRCRAFT IN THE because they consume less fuel and
WORLD require less investment.
▪ The seating range for passengers is
1. Airbus A380-800 - passenger plane
typically 60-100. The smaller the size
made in France with capacity for 853
makes them, the more ideal choice
passengers in a single class or 644 in a
for economy airlines.
two-tiered class. Airbus has just
▪ Divided into two sections on each
announced that it would retire the jet
side of a center aisle. While larger jets
in 2021.
have three sections and two aisles.
September 23, 2020 it has announced that
the final A380 has been assembled.
TYPES OF PRIVATE JETS
2. Boeing 747-8 - passenger airplane
manufactured in the United States. It Very Light Jets
can accommodate 700 passengers if
▪ Are primarily for short trips up to
a single-class system is followed, while
regional routes up to 40 – 80 minutes
600 seats are available in a double-
duration.
class configuration.
3. Boeing 747-400 - passenger plane Light Business Jets
made in the United States by Boeing ▪ It is ideal for private trips. They are also
that has the capacity to loaded with all the technology that
accommodate 416 passengers in a you could ever need to conduct
three-class setup, 524 in a two-class business meetings while in flight.
setup and 660 in an all- economy
cabin. Mid-Size Business Jets

▪ Offers comfortable seating up to 10

passengers. It also has a larger parties
in mind for longer transcontinental
trips.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Heavy Business Jets Round the World

▪ Often converted from large ▪ The journey in which travelers travels

commercial airline jets into luxury around the world and crosses the
liner. international timeline, visiting multiple
▪ It has the ability to conduct full scale places.
meetings and conferences which
Ex. Manila – Muscat – Amman – Jerusalem
can accommodate 10-18
– Cairo – Manila
passengers.
▪ A large cabin space is what makes Open Jaw
these planes so attractive. It can also
▪ It is interrupted by surface travel, it
make the workers more productive
can also be a journey with a return
during long and critical business
destination either than the originating
flights.
city.

Ex. New York – Richmond by air, Richmond

LESSON 2: JOURNEY TYPES - Washington by rail, Washington - New
York by air

One way Nonstop Flights

▪ Begins in an originating city and ▪ Makes no stops or no scheduled

ends in a destination city. stopovers.
Ex. Manila - Dubai Direct Flight
Round Trip ▪ Are like a nonstop flight, but there
▪ Begins in an originating city, goes to may be a stop in between in which
a destination city and returns to the passengers may leave and others
originating city. board.
Ex. Manila – Dubai – Manila
Connecting Flight
Circle Trip
▪ Is with an online connection, the
▪ Is similar to round trip but the passengers changes airplanes but
outbound journey differs from the remains on the same flight. Interline
return journey, either in terms of the connection or interlining, the
routing or the class of service. passenger changes both airplanes
Ex. Manila - New York (first class), return trip and airlines.
on economy class
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Layover Published Airfares

▪ Is often used to describe both a ▪ are those airfares that anyone can
shorter stop and a longer stop buy from travel agencies and
between flights. Include a stop as airlines.
short as 30 minutes.

Stopover
1. Discounted Fares – or known as seat
▪ Generally used to describe a sale These fares are cheaper as they
connection of 24 hours or more. are usually available for a limited
time.
A stopover could be one day or several
2. Advance Purchase Fares – or also
days.
known as APEX, are discounted
international fares. Are usually
purchased in advance – this is called
DIFFERENT TYPS OF AIRFARE
advance purchase.
Airfare 3. Excursion Fares – are typically
▪ The price you pay to travel on an cheaper than full fare but also have
airplane. restrictions.
4. Flexible, Full or Unrestricted Fares – it
Unrestricted Fares is the regular price of the fare, you
▪ Have no or limited restrictions on can refund or change these tickets as
getting refunds on cancelled flights or necessary. It can also be purchased
making changes to your original on the same day you travel.
itinerary. 5. Joint Fares – are the fares of more
than one airline working as partners.
They are often referred as “walk up fares” 6. Through Fares – or through flight PNR
Restricted Fares ticket is issues when you are taking a
hop flight via another country to your
▪ have advance purchase destination. It can prevent from
requirements, restrictions on the use wasting your time on the luggage
of the ticket, and penalties for belt with airport transfers.
changes to the original ticket. 7. Bereavement Fares – offered in case
of funeral or sudden demise of family
members, not all airlines offer
There are two major types of airfares,
bereavement fares. It is the last
published and unpublished airfares.
minute fare that are available right
up until time of departure.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
8. Multi-city Fares – allows you to have FARE CLASSES
multiple stopovers by turning your
You may find a letter code on your
layovers into stopovers. Are single
boarding pass or e ticket which signifies
tickets that have multiple stops.
what type of airfare you have.
9. Open Jaw Fares – round-trip airfare
wherein the departure and arrival F & P – these lucky letters usually represent
points are not the same. First Class.
o Origin Open Jaw – where you
J & C – for Business Class
can travel from one city to
another but return from there Y – always used for full-fare Economy Class.
to a different city. B, H, L, M etc. – other subclasses like
o Destination Open Jaw – restricted or discount fares.
wherein you can travel from
one city to another and return X, U, R – usually used by fare consolidators.
from a third city to your origin
point.
o Double Open Jaw – is one in THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF AIRLINE SEATS ON
which allows you to fly from INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS
any city to one destination Economy Class Seats
and return to any city from
another destination. ▪ Are also called coach or standard
seats or third class, are the basic types
of airline seats.
Unpublished Airfares ▪ On most international flights, they
tend to be in 3 seat configurations.
▪ are not available for online booking
or with Airlines. Only travel agents Premium Economy Class Seats
can help you get these airfares. Are ▪ Offers few more perks than regular
called “Wholesale Airfares, Private economy class.
Airfares and Consolidator Airfares” ▪ Seats are a dedicated lounge in the
Travel agents find these airfares through a airport, wider seats with greater pitch
Global Distribution System (GDS). and larger tv screens.

Opaque Fares Business Class Seats

▪ This fare comes at a highly ▪ Also known as Executive Class. Has

competitive price. Prices are shown high quality, traditionally purchased
without revealing the airline or the by business travelers
flight number. ▪ Travel class available on many
commercial airlines
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
First Class Seats

▪ Usually refers to a limited number,

rarely more than 20 seats or cabin
towards the front of the aircraft which
have more space, comfort, service,
and privacy.
▪ One of the many advantages of
choosing first class seating on an
airplane is that there is a much smaller
attendant to passenger ratio.
▪ The downside to flying first class is the
price of its tickets, making
unaffordable for many.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT

LAND-TRANSPORTATION MRT/LRT/PNR

Road Transportation - These are the rail transportation in the

Philippines wherein a passenger can
- One of the most commonly used
travel between stations or depots at
mode of transportation when
which passenger may board and
traveling or transporting in a certain
disembark
place to another.
- MRT - Metro Rail Transit System
Jeepneys
- LRT - Light Rail Transit System
- These are the most unique and - PNR - Philippine National Railways
popular means of transportation in (Pambansang Daangbakal ng
Pilipinas)
the Philippines wherein you can go
FX
around inexpensively.
- This can be viewed as a carpool
ROFO
among strangers which was first used
- Roll on, Roll Off in going to a specific destination with
fixed tariff rates.
Cabs
Calesa
- These are vehicles for hire. Taxi cabs
are hired by among the working - it is a horse drawn carraige which still
class. The rate for a cab starts at ₱40 exists in old cities of the Philippines,
specifically in Intramuros, Manila and
or depending on approved rate
Vigan
Trike/Tricycle
Characteristics of Road Transportation:
- It is also known as “poor man’s cab.”
Tricycles are usually prohibited in ➢ the control of the route and the stops
major roads. en route:
➢ the control of departure times;
Pedicab ➢ door-to-door flexibility;
➢ the ideal capacity for families
- Is a bicycle with an attached
➢ the ability to carry baggage and
galvanized iron and wheel that looks equipment easily;
like a tricycle but has no motor. It is ➢ the ability to use vehicle for
powdered by sheer human force. accommodation in the case of
recreational vehicles.
➢ privacy;
➢ the freedom to use the vehicle once
the destination is reached and the
low perceived cost.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Bus - Coaches are also used for private
- it plies the major roads in the charter for various purposes.
Philippines. Provincial buses take - Deriving the name horse-drawn
passengers from the metro to carriages and stagecoaches that
different provinces and vice versa carried passengers, luggage, and
- Bus is a road vehicle designed to mail, modern motor coaches are
carry many passengers. almost always high-floor buses, with a
- Bus Travel is the most flexible and separate luggage hold mounted
economical form of transportation. It below the passenger compartment.
is also selected for convenience
purpose. One of the earliest motorized vehicles was
the Charabancs which was used for short
Buses plays a major part in tourism industry journeys and excursions until the early years
of the 20th century.
- Tour Buses around the world allow
tourists to view local attractions or The first 'motor coaches' were purchased by
scenery. operators of those horse-drawn vehicles in
- Tour buses often carry a tour guide, the early 20th century by operators such as
although the driver or a recorded Royal Blue Coach Services who purchased
audio commentary may also perform their first Charabanc in 1913 and were
this function. running 72 coaches by 1926.
-
Hop On Hop Off Dubai Coaches, as they hold passengers for
- A Dubai Bus Tour to experience a true significant periods of time on long journeys,
fusion of traditional Arabian Charm are designed for comfort.
and futuristic dynamism.
- You can enjoy panoramic views of - They vary considerably in quality from
Dubai's dramatic skyline, perfect country to country and within
sandy beaches and world's tallest countries.
building. Hop off to explore historical - Higher specification vehicles include
souks, forts, and palaces. luxury seats and air conditioning.
- Coaches typically have only a single,
Coach/Motor Coach narrow door, as an increased loading
- is a bus used for longer distance time is acceptable due to infrequent
service, in contrast to transit buses, stops
that typically used within a single
metropolitan region.
- Often used for touring, intercity, and
intl services.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Characteristics of Coaches:
• Comfortable seats that may include RAIL TRANSPORTATION
a folding table, armrests, and recliner.
The earliest systems in the history of rail
Comfort is considered to be an
important feature in coaches. transportation can be traced to wagon
• Luggage racks above the seats ways in Greece around 600 BC. These
where passengers can access their wagon ways consisted of channels that
carry-on baggage during the journey guided the wheels of the cart or wagon.
• On-board refreshment service or
vending machines The first wagon way was the Dioklos wagon
• Wheelchair accommodation, way which was used for 650 years.
possibly including a wheelchair lift for
access George Stephenson in Great Britain
• Curtains, useful on overnight services created the first successful steam
locomotive.
Double Decker in London
Victory Liner in Philippines
STEAM POWER FOR LOCOMOTIVES

In the early 1800s, steam engines were used

in locomotives to pull trains more quickly
along smoother, stronger tracks. Trains
began to carry passengers.

THE ROCKET

It is one of the most famous locomotives in

the world. It was steam locomotive built in
1829 and designed by Robert Stephenson.

It won a competition to test locomotives for

a new passenger train line in England. It
travelled 50km/ per hr.

By the late 1800’s steam powered

passengers trains carried people living in the
country to cities for work and for pleasure.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT

HISTORY OF RAIL IN MANILA

DIESEL POWER ➢ Electricity Tramway, 65kms in 1905

and 85kms by 1925
The diesel engine was invented in 1892 by
➢ Ridership; 35,000 per day in 1906 and
a German Engineer, Rudolf Diesel (1858 –
126,000 in 1920
1913).
➢ MERALCO: An American company
These trains were faster, quieter and w/50 yr franchise, owned and
cleaner than steam trains, and meant operated the electric tram up to
passengers had a comfortable ride and 1945.
can carry much heavier loads than steam
engines.
REBIRTH OF RAIL IN MANILA

➢ 1972 study proposed a system of

ELECTRIC POWERED TRAINS
expressway and railway network.
Electricity was first used to power trains in ➢ 1997 METROPLAN study,
1879. Power for the electric engines came recommended street level tram car
from overhead cables or from electricity along Rizal and Taft Avenue.
running through a rail on the track. ➢ 1979 Decision to build LRT Line 1,
15km fully elevated
➢ 1984 Partial operation of Line 1
HIGH SPEED TRAINS ➢ 1985 Metrorail Network Study
Japan’s Shinkansen high speed trains are proposed LRT Lines 2,3,4
often called bullet trains, and were the first ➢ 1989 Failure of BOT bidding for Line 2
high speed trains. Services started in 1964 ➢ 2001-02 opening of Lines 3 and 2
with the trains traveling at speed of
210km/hr
LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM LINE 1

LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM LINE 2

LIGHT RAIL VEHICLES
METRO RAIL TRANSIT LINE 3
Light rail vehicles look like two trams joined
LRT 1 CAVITE EXTENSION PROJECT
together. These electric powered vehicles
run on railway lines and stops at stations as PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RAILWAY
well as running along tram lines picking up
passengers in the streets. It can carry more
than 160 people.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Cruise Tourism ▪ 1970’s tv show The Love Boat, ft.
Princess Cruises’ ship Pacific Princess,
▪ Involves travel onboard of a cruise
fid much to raise awareness of cruise
ship; a passenger ship used for
as a vacation option for ordinary
pleasure voyages
people in US.
▪ The growth and development of
cruising was centered around the
MOTIVES WHY PEOPLE CRUISE
Caribbean, Alaska and Mexico, but
▪ A cruise is a stress free and hassle free now encompasses all areas of the
vacation. globe.
▪ It provides new experience to
vacationers as this differs from their
usual vacation habits. THE PRODUCT
▪ Cruise offers different activities inside
the ship.
▪ Cruise facilitate socialization and Cruise Ship
networking.
▪ A passenger ship used for pleasure
▪ A cruise is ideal for special occasions;
voyages, where the voyage itself and
a brief overview of historical and
the ship’s amenities are a part of the
earning experiences from one port to
experience.
another.
➢ Classic Ocean Liners
▪ A cruise package price is generally all
➢ Small Ships
inclusive.
➢ Contemporary Cruise Ships
➢ Master Sailing Ships
➢ River Boats
EARLY DAYS OF LINER VOYAGERS
➢ Ferries
▪ Most of the ships had sails and was ➢ Barges
also propelled by steam engines. ➢ Multi-purpose Ships
▪ The development of jet engines and
long haul passenger aircraft saw a
dramatic reduction in passengers The cruise industry measure its ships by
using these ships.
▪ By the 1970’s the advent of the • Number of staterooms
“Jumbo” jet really saw the end of the • Numer of passenger ship can
golden period pf transatlantic cruise accommodate
lines.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Gross Registered Tonnage Size Capacity Facilities
Small Hold no Offers less
▪ determined by a formula that gauges Cruise more than amenities but also
the public space on a ship. It Ships few less crowded
measures only enclosed space hundred
available to passengers and does not people
factor in open spaces lile the Large 850-3000 Restaurant,Arcades
Cruise passengers Shopping, Casinos,
promenade deck and crew areas.
Ships Libraries and Spas
Mega 3000-5000 Restaurant,Arcades
Cruise passengers Shopping, Casinos,
River Barge Ships Libraries, Spas, Ice
skating and
▪ Ship that primarily cruises on inland
Museums
waterways

Sailing Vessel ADV OF LARGER ADV OF SMALLER

▪ Ship primarily powered by wind SHIPS SHIPS
Many more facilities Offers more
Boutique Ship intimate
atmosphere
▪ Special purpose built; less than Often more Can sail into smaller
300pax dramatic looking placed
Ability to serve a Allows easier
Very Small
wider range of embarkation and
▪ 10,000GRT; under 200pax guest types disembarkation
Easily Easy to passenger
Small accommodate to get to know the
groups ship
▪ 10,000-20,000GRT; 200-500pax

Medium CLASSIFICATION OF CRUISE LINES

▪ 20,000-50,000GRT; 500-1200pax Berlitz Guide conducts 400 inspection
Large (or Super) covering 20 specific areas awarding up to
100 points for each with a maximum score
▪ 50,000-70,000GRT; 1200-2000pax of 2,000 points.
Mega ▪ The ship (25%)
▪ 70,000 or more GRT; 2000pax or more ▪ Accommodation (10%)
▪ Cuisine-Gastronomy (20%)
▪ Service (20%)
▪ Entertainment Program (5%)
▪ Overall Cruise Experience (20%)
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Berlitz classifies cruise line on the basis of Destination
lifestyle as follows:
▪ Represents the sum of several
Standard Low priced segment destinations/ports the cuisine
Premium Intermediate segment operates.
Luxury Superior; more expensive
Exclusive Super luxury segment
WHAT DO CRUISE LINES LOOK FOR IN A
CRUISE SHIP FACILITIES DESTINATION?

1. Stateroom ➢ Consumer Perception – strong brand

▪ Cabin; usually extremely compact of destination
but all spaces are well utilized to ➢ Repeat customer seekinh new
answer guests needs. experiences
➢ Safety-security
TYPES OF STATEROOM

➢ Outside Stateroom - Are meant for

guests who may have preference for ZONES OF OPERATIONS
an ocean view.
The Caribbean
➢ Inside Stateroom - Cheaper than
outside staterooms since they do not ▪ The modern cruise was first
have windows. conceived in Miami as base port.
➢ Suites - Most expensive rooms on a ▪ Typical of the traditional “sun and
ship beach” or “sun and sea”
2. Private Spaces ▪ Proximity to the world’s leading
▪ Are reserved for the ship’s personell. generating market.
3. Public Spaces ▪ The Caribbean’s privilege oosition,
➢ Dining Room – similar to the food and reducing the zones annual growth
beverage outlets typical in land rates to single digit figures.
based hotel. ▪ The introduction of ships with greater
➢ Show Room – serves as the ships capacity in the contemporary and
venue for entertainment and business premium segments; marginal market
functions. share more than 10%.
➢ Pool Area The relationship between destinations and
➢ Gym, Spa and Sports Facilities cruise lines, characterized as marine resorts,
➢ Children’s Areas the cruise ships operating in the zone are
➢ Gift Shop often considered as destination
➢ Clinic
➢ Internet Center
➢ Casino Operations
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Alaska

▪ attracts the most specialised cruises, Antartica

where tourists are looking to see
▪ Rapid growing destination; served
nature.
from two southernmost ports in South
▪ Target markets are essentially young
America: Ushuaia, Argentina and
customers and represents a second
Punta Arenas and Chile.
or third time cruise experience.
▪ Ushuaia is strategically located
▪ One of the most rapidly growing
1000km from the Antartic Peninsula;
region behind the Caribbean and
leading port for access to Antartica.
Europe with a market share of 9%.
▪ By nationality, more than 50- are from
▪ Alaska’s destination are divided
US, followed by Germany (13%) and
between Glacier Bay, Northern &
Britain (12%).
Southern Alaska. The state currently
attracts 900,000 cruise passengers per
year.
The Mediterranean

▪ Total world market has grown over

South America the past decade to some 30% in
summer and has reached 5% in the
▪ Confirmed by the 655,000 cruise
nothern hemisphere winter.
passengers it attracted in 2004. No
▪ The growth in cruise traffic has been
longer be considered as merely
reaching 2.1 mil cruise passengers in
peripheral to the Caribbean.
2005 with 126 ships in operation. In 9
▪ It has become an important zone in
years total demand has increased by
its own right; sustained growth in
127%.
world demand for cruises.
▪ Port and tourism infrastructure
already developed to acceptable
Northern Europe
standards; region’s security is far from
military conflict. ▪ European prokect called “Cruise
Baltic” has brought together 10
countries, 19 destination and 35
partners in Baltic Basin; with the aim of
exchanging information on Cruise
tourism, improving and homogenizing
the quality of their port services.
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Asia and the Pacific Indian 6 Ports ( CHENNAI, CHOCHIN,
GOAM MUMBAI, NUEVA MANGALORE AND
▪ One of the world’s fastes growing
TURICORIN
tourist destinations, with a combined
growing rate of 90% bringing a total ▪ Joined to create the “Indian Cruise
number of cruise passengers to nearly Tour” to promote coastal cruises.
800,000 and market share to 6%. It is
divided into four segments:
DEMOGRAPHIC
➢ South Pacific
➢ Southeast Asia Restless Baby They are in their
➢ Far East Boomers (33%) 40s or 50s, family
➢ Trans Pacific oriented, looking
for value and likes
▪ Australasia market continues to grow
the cost saving
and an import indicator of this is that value of a cruise.
Carnival Co. has decided to deploy Enthusiastic Baby Little younger
a Costa Crociere ship to the Asian Boomers (20%) early 40s than the
Pacific. above,
▪ Star Cruise/Norwegian Cruise Line is adventurous and
one of the most experience in this fun loving,
romantic
market; normally serves in Southeast
experience, see
Asia and the Far East. cruise as an
entertaining way
to meet people.
Star Cruise/NCL The Consummate Well travelled, 55s
Shoppers (16%) and above,
▪ Having occupied third place in world looking for best
rankings and first place in Asia. deal for their
Ahead of other “Big Three” lines. money.
Luxury Cruisers (14%) Values ship that
offers fine dine;
money is not an
EMERGING ZONES issue as long as
Middle East ( UAE, OMAN, IRAN ) they perceive
good value
▪ Persian Gulf has been associated Explorer (11%) They see a cruise
mainly with luxury and super luxury as a means to
because tourist attractions offered discover the
world, destination
combine high-level cultural and
are for more than
sporting activities. important than
the ship, plans
their cruise well
ahead of time
(not for the early
bird discount)
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
Ship Buffs (6%) Most cruise savvy, ▪ Tends to the health of passengers
unusual and crew; all ships with 100 or more
knowledge of passengers onboard musy have a
ships and
doctor. May have a nurse to help out
itineraries, like
longer cruises with medical concerns

Medical services on a ship are not free of

Most vessel have atleast one crew member charge. Billing are handles as with any
for every three passengers. hospital or doctor’s office.

On some luxury ships the ratio is closer to 1.5

to 1. The largest megaships may have more Chief Radio or Communications Officer
than 1000 workers onboard.
▪ Are complex; oversees inroom
Cruise lines divide operations onboard their satellite TV programming, ship to
ships into two broad categories: sailing shore phone calls and other
operations and hotel operations. communications system

Captain Hotel Manager or Hotel Director

▪ In charge of both operational sectors. ▪ Aka chief purser, conducts business
He also attends certain social very much like the manager of land
functions onboard. based hotel with specialized
understanding of the cruise
experience.
Staff, Deputy Captain or First Officer

▪ In charge when the captain is busy or

not onboard; staff captain supervises Purser
a team of senior and junior officers; ▪ Much like a hotel front desk manager.
overseeing ship safety and security. ▪ Hotel manager who tends to larger
operational issues, the purser
administers day to day affairs.
Chief Engineer ➢ Crew Purser – who treats crew
▪ Overseas all mechanical operations issues
and the maintenance or repair of the ➢ Hotel Purser – who tends to
ship itself. Larger the ship, the more passenger matter
specialist trades people work under
the chief engineer.

Shore Excursion Manager

Chief Medical Officer or Doctor
 TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
▪ Orchestrates the operations and ▪ Oversees the serving of meals and
booking of port-based packages; drinks (On smaller ships, this may
aka concierge. handled by executive chef).

Cruise Director Matire D

▪ Coordinates all entertainment and ▪ Superbises the reataurant staff to

informational activities that take uphold high quality food serbice
place as part of cruise experience. standards. Responsible for dining
Critical link between passengers and seating similar to Banquet Manager in
crew. a hotel.
▪ They also manages the musicians,
onboard lectures (provide services in
Security Officer
exchange of free cruise), social hosts
(converse and dance with single ▪ In charge of all security issues on
women onboard), health club staffs, board.
photographers and shore excursion
managers.
Guest Relations Manager

▪ Responsible for all aspects of

Executive Chef
passenger satisfaction and for
▪ Controls the preparation and serving ensuring that all passengers requests,
of all food and beverages. inquiries and complaints are handled
properly.

Head Housekeeper or Chief Steward

Group Coordinator
▪ Manages all rooms; supervises a
squad of cabin or room stewards who ▪ The key contact of group leaders.
tend to the passenger stateroom. Ensuring that all group functions are
implemented similar to Convention
Cabin stewards have much more active,
Services Manager in a hotel.
personal and round the clock relationship
with the guests than do maids at hotels.

Food and Beverage Manager