Communication circuit and system

Experiment report
Experiment 4
Envelope detection and Synchronous detection

Class： Bach comunCommunication circuit system

Name： Daniel

Student ID： 202039000403

2024.12.11
 Experiment 4

Envelope detection and Synchronous detection

1. Experimental objective

(1) Understand the principle of amplitude modulation and demodulation method of amplitude

modulation signal.

(2) Master the principle of the peak envelope detection.

(3) Master the main quality indexes of envelope detection: detection efficiency and distortion

analyze the reason and think over the methods to overcome.

(4) Understand the working principle of analog multiplier (MC1496) and master the method

of adjusting and measuring its characteristic parameters.

2. Experimental Contents

(1) Demodulate the ordinary amplitude modulation signal.

(2) Demodulate the carrier suppressed double sideband modulation signal.
(3) Observe the cutting distortion, bottom cutting distortion and signal without the high
frequency filter.

3. Experimental Principle

The demodulation process is a demodulation process, which is the opposite of the modulation

process. The function of the detection is to restore the original modulated signal from the

modulated high frequency signal of the amplitude. The signal obtained by the reduction is the

same as that of the high frequency amplitude modulation signal, so it is also called the envelope

detector.

The commonly used detection methods include two kinds of envelope detection and

synchronous detection. The envelope of the full carrier amplitude modulation signal directly

reflects the changing rule of the modulated signal, and can be demodulated by the method of diode

envelope detection. The envelope of the double sideband or single sideband amplitude modulated

signal which can suppress the carrier cannot directly reflect the change rule of modulation signal,

and cannot be demodulated by envelope demodulation, so the synchronous detection method is

adopted.

3.1 The principle of the diode envelope detection

Figure 1 the principle of the diode envelope detection

Figure 2 the circuit of the envelope detection

The experimental circuit is shown in Figure 1. It is mainly composed of diode D and RC low-

pass filter by using the one-way conduction characteristic of diode and the charging and

discharging process of RC, so the time constant RC is very important. If the time constant of RC is

too large, it will produce diagonal cutting distortion, also known as inertia distortion. And the RC

constant is too small, and the high frequency component will not be filtered. Comprehensive

consideration is required to satisfy the following formula:

where is the modulation coefficient and is the highest frequency of the modulation signal.

When the DC load R of the envelope detection circuit is not equal to the AC load resistance RΩ

the modulation coefficient is quite large in the same, it will produce negative peak clipping
distortion (also known as the bottom edge cutting distortion). In order to avoid the negative peak

clipping distortion, the following condition should be satisfied:

3.2 The principle of the synchronous detection

The synchronous detection is used to demodulate the DSB and SSB signal. The key

technology of this scheme is generating local signal with the same frequency and phase as the

suppressed carrier.

Figure 3 synchronous detection

The diagram of the synchronous detection is shown in figure.3 Assumed that input signal is

DSB signalυ1:

The local signal is:

The angular frequencyω0 of the local carrier is exactly equal to the angular frequency of the

input signal, it means thatω1=ω0, φ is the phase difference.

The output of the multiplier can be written as:

After filtering the frequency components 2ω1, modulation signal is recovered by the low-pass

filter.
 Seen from the above the equation ， the recovered modulation signal is proportion to the

phase difference φ。When φ=0，output signal reach maximal。Therefore, in the ideal case, the

phase of the two is the same besides that the angular frequency of the local carrier and the

input signal carrier must be equal.

4. Experimental procedure

4.1 Diode envelope detection

(1) Connect the cable according to the figure.4. Using the signal source module to produce

the AM signal, this signal is demodulated with diode envelope detection, observed and record the

output waveform at the point TP14 with the oscilloscope.

Figure 4 Diode envelope detectio

 （2）Amplitude modulation coefficient m<30%

According to the analog multiplier amplitude modulation experiment, generate the AM

signal of the peak to peak value of 2V and m<30% (the frequency of the audio signal is about 2

KHz). The witch S1 to 10, S2 to 00, observe and record the output waveform at the point TP4.

（4）Increase the amplitude of the audio signal and make m=100%, then observe and record

the waveform at the point TP4.

4.2 Observe the distortion

(1) adjusting the amplitude of the modulation signal, observe the TP4 output waveform

without distortion just, then switch the S1 dial "01", S2 dial 00, the load resistance change from

2.2K to 20K, observe and record the waveform with an oscilloscope at the TP4.

(2) Watch the bottom cutting distortion: switch S2 to "10", S1 is still "01", observe the

waveform at TP4, record and compare with the normal demodulation waveform.
4.3 Synchronous detection

（1）connection the cable according to the Figure 3.

Figure 5 the diagram of the synchronous detection

(2) Demodulating AM signal

According to the experimental content of the amplitude modulation experiment, the

modulation systems are 30%, 100% and >100% respectively. They are added to the demodulator

modulation signal input P8, and the carrier is added to the input P7. The demodulation output

waveform is recorded and compared with the modulation signal.

(3) Demodulating DSB signal

According to the experimental conditions to obtain the content of am DSB wave, adding to

the demodulator modulation signal input P8, and the carrier signal is added to the input P7,

observe and record the demodulation output waveform and modulation signal.
5. Analysis of experimental results

(1) Causes of Distortion:

(2) Differences and Characteristics