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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

1 1.2 N s (1) 3
impulse = change in momentum
OR
2.0 × 0.60 (1)
I = m ∆ v in any form OR
2.0 × 0.60 (1)

2 molecules strike walls 4

momentum (of molecules)
changes / momentum = mass ×
velocity
force = rate of change of
momentum
pressure = (sum of) force(s) /
area OR pressure = rate of
change of momentum / area

3(a) (p =) mv (in any form) OR 2

0.16 × 15 (1)
2.4 kg m / s (1)

3(b)(i) 3.0 N s AND at 45° to the 1

original direction
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

3(b)(ii) vector triangle / parallelogram 4

drawn (1)
scale indicated OR
correct triangle / parallelogram
(1)
4.8 kg m / s ≤ magnitude ≤
5.2 kg m / s (1)
22° (to original direction) ≤
direction ≤ 28° (to original
direction) (1)

4(a) PE lost = KE gained in any form 3

(1)
2
v = 2gh OR
0.16 × 10 × 115 = 0.5 × 0.16 ×
2
v (1)
(speed =) 48 m / s (1)

4(b) momentum = mv (1) 2

(momentum=) 7.7 kg m / s OR
7.7 N s (1)

5 smaller force (on dock/ship) 1

because increases time of
collision OR increased distance
of collision (on the dock/ship)
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

6 2.3 J (1) 2
∆ g.p.e. = mg ∆ h in any form
OR
0.50 × 10 × 0.45 (1)

7(a) 240 N (1) 2

F = pA in any form OR 1.0 ´ 105 ´ 2.4 ´ 10-3 (1)

7(b) 5.0 J (1) 2

WD = FxII OR 240 ´ 0.021 (1)

8(a) (E =) 2 200 000 (J) OR 3

6
2.2 × 10 (J) (1)
(E =) Pt in any form (1)
(E =) 600 × 3600 (1)

8(b) (t =) 8600 s or 140 min or 2.4 h 2

or 2 h 24 min
OR
(t =) 8800 s or 147 min or 2 h
27 min (1)
6
(t =) 2.2× 10 / 250 OR
(600 × 60) / 250 OR
1 × 600 / 250 (1)
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

9 nuclear fission – nucleus / atom 2

splits (into two) AND nuclear
fusion – two nuclei / atoms join
together (1)
any one from: (1)
- nuclear fission –large(r) mass
(number) or heavy nuclei /
atoms involved OR neutrons
involved / emitted} AND nuclear
fusion – small(er) mass
(number) OR light nuclei / atoms
involved OR no neutrons
- fission in a nuclear reactor
AND fusion in Sun / stars
- fission produces very
radioactive / long lasting waste
- fission makes lighter new
elements AND fusion makes
heavier new elements
- fission at normal p / T AND
fusion at high p / T
- fusion produces more energy
(than fission)

10(a) (GPE =) mg ( Δ ) h (in any form) 2

OR
0.0021 × 10 × 0.80 OR
2.1 × 10 × 0.80 OR
17 (J) (1)
0.017 J (1)
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

2
10(b) (KE=) 1/2mv (in any form) (1) 3
2
1/2 × 0.0021 × 1.2 OR
2
1/2 × 2.1 × 1.2 OR
1.5 (J) (1)
−3
1.5 × 10 J (1)

10(c) (work done against) friction / 1

drag / resistance OR
thermal energy generated OR
(displaced) liquid gains
gravitational potential energy

11(a) (pliq =) hρg (in any form) OR 3

0.400 × 1000 × 10 OR
2000 OR
4000 OR
5
1.02 × 10 (Pa) (1)
(p =) p atm + hρg (in any form)
OR
5
1.00 × 10 + 0.400 × 1000 × 10
OR
4000 OR
5
1.02 × 10 (Pa) (1)
5
1.04 × 10 Pa (1)

11(b)(i) (F =) pA (in any form) OR 2

4000 × 0.025 (1)
100 N (1)
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

11(b)(ii) (W.D. =) F × x (in any form) OR 2

5
1.04 × 10 × 0.025 × 0.50 OR
4000 × 0.025 × 0.50 OR
50 (J) (1)
1300 J (1)

12(a) ( k =) F / x OR 2
8.0 ÷ 0.15 (1)
53 N / m OR
0.53 N / cm (1)

12(b)(i) elastic potential (energy) 1

12(b)(ii) 15 cm 1

12(b)(iii) 7.5 cm OR 1
(b)(ii) ÷ 2

13 (E = ½ × 65 × 2.52 =) 200 J 2
(1)
2
(E =) ½ mv in any form (1)

14(a) mv
2 C1
in words, symbols or numbers
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

(v = √(2 × × 16.2) =) 4.0 m / s A1 accept 4

14(b) mgh or KE / mg or v = √(2gh) or C1

2 2
v = u +2as
in words, symbols or numbers

correct substitution C1
e.g. h = 16.2 / 2 × 10

0.81 m A1 allow e.c.f. from (a)

14(c) same height M1

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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

m affects both KE and GPE (in A1 ignore “height doesn’t

2 2
same way) / v = u + 2as depend on mass”
applies in both cases special case :
M1 for logical
argument about not all
KE becoming GPE
A1 for consequent
statement about height
gained

6
15(a) 1.6 × 10 Pa (1) 3
(p =) hρg (in any form) OR
150 × 1000 × 10 OR
6
1.5 × 10 (1)
6
1.5 × 10 OR
5
1.0 × 10 + {150 × 1000 × 10}
OR
5 6
1.0 ×10 + 1.5 × 10 OR
N
1.6 × 10 (1)

6
15(b) 5.6 × 10 N (1) 2
(F =) pA (in any form) OR
6
1.6 ×10 × 3.5 (1)
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

3
16 4.5 × 10 N (3) 4
OR ALLOW
(F=) (Δ)PA OR P = F / A in any
form (1)
5 5
(Δ P = 1.3 × 10 – 1.0 × 10 = )
4
3 × 10 (1)

(Direction is ) outwards (1)

3
17 ( ρ =) 800 kg / m (3) 3
OR ALLOW
( ρ =) P / gh OR P= ρgh in any
form (1)
4
( ρ =) 9.6 × 10 / (10 × 12) (1)

18(a) measuring cylinder / graduated B1

cylinder

18(b) balance B1 accept spring balance

accept (weighing)
scales

18(c) find mass of empty cylinder B1

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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

find mass of cylinder liquid B1

subtract values B1 NOT if stated the

wrong way round
accept valid alternative
methods

19(a) suitable scale recorded (e.g. 4

2 cm : 25 N) (1)
two vectors correctly drawn by
eye AND correct resultant (1)
130 N (1)
(vertically) upwards (1)

19(b) 13 kg 1

20(a) 0.80 N 1

20(b) (moment = force × distance =) 2

0.8 × 0.25 (1)
(moment =) 0.20 N m (1)

20(c) same value as (b) with correct 1

unit

20(d) F × 0.75 = 0.20 in any form OR 2

(F =) 0.2 / 0.75 (1)
(F = 0.2 / 0.75 =) 0.27 N (1)
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

21 any two from: (2) 4

- weight OR force of / due to
gravity acts down
- (force of / due to) air resistance
/ drag / friction acts up / opposes
motion
- initially / up to 10 s: resultant
force is downward OR
downward force is greater than
upward force
- resultant force causes
acceleration
air resistance increases as
speed increases / she
accelerates
any two from: (2)
- acceleration (down) initially /
for first 10 s
- acceleration decreases as air
resistance increases / resultant
force decreases
- zero acceleration / constant
speed / terminal velocity
reached when upwards force =
downwards force OR when no /
zero resultant OR when forces
balanced OR when downward
force = air resistance
- terminal velocity / constant
speed reached after (about) 10 s
OR at 60 m / s
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Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

22(a) total mass of passengers = 73 2

× 65 (kg) OR
4700 kg (1)
(total mass of bus, driver and 73
passengers) = 21 000 kg (1)

22(b) (F =) ma in any form (1) 2

(F =) 15 000 N (1)

23(a) (Δ v =) 4.0 × 0.80 (= 3.2 m / s) 2

(1)
(Δ)v = at in any form (1)

23(b) (t = 0.020 / 3.2 =) 0.0063 s OR 2

–3
6.3 × 10 s (1)
(t =) d / v in any form (1)

[Total: 100]