AREAS

:
SYNOPSIS Some Important graphs

Geometrical interpretation of areas :

Basedon the nature of theregion bounded bythe
given curves we discuss the pOssible ways of finding
the areas of these regions using definite integrals. X
The process of finding the arcas using definite 1. y -e
integrals is called as quadrature.
To find the area of the region enclosed by a curve
we take the following into consideration Y

Curve Sketching: For the evaluation of areaof

bounded regions it is very essentialto know the
rough sketch of the curves. The following points
are very useful to draw a rough sketch ofa curve 2. y e X

Symmetry:
a) Symmetry about x-axis: If all powers of "y' in
the equation of the given curve are even, then it is
symmetric about x-axis (or) Horizontal line, i.e.,
the shape of the curve above horizontal line is
exactly identical to its shape below the line.
3 y =log, x -X
e.g., y =4ax is symmetric about x-axis

b) Symmetry about y-axis: Ifall powers of 'x' in

the equation of the given curve are even, then it is
symmetric about vertical line (or) y-axis.
e.g., x = 4ay is symmetric about y-axis
e) Symmetry in opposite quadrants: If the
X
power ofboth 'x' and y' are not even, then replace 4.
xby putting -x forx and -y for y, and ifthegiven
equation unaltered, then the graph is symmetric
about origin i.e., it lies in opposite quadrants.
e.g. xy =c

d) Symmetric about the line y=x: If the

equation of agiven curve remains unaltered by
interchanging x andy, then it is symmetric about y-x X
5.
the line y=x which passes through the origin and
makes an angle of 45° with positive direction ofx
axis. e.g. x'+y'=a'
 (i) The area bounded by the continuous Y
curve y =f(x),the axis of x and the y=f)
ordinates x = a and x = b(where b>a =a
X

and F(x)z0 Vrqa,b] )is given by X

x=b X=b

X
y=fu)

(i) If the curve cross the X- axis at (c, 0) YA

X=a
then the area bounded by the curve
y=f)
y =f)and the coordinate x = a
x= b(b> a and a <c <b) is given X
X4
by
X=b
4-jrend and 4-[rend 4fes0
f(r)

(iii) When two curves y ()and y=g )

y =g (x) intersect, the bounded area
b

A=|[g(*)-f() Jde y=fu)

X=d

x=b
where and b are roots of equation
fx) -g) whereg(x) zfx) r qa,b] X X

(iv)The area bound by the straight lines y=g)

X=a, x=Fb(a < b) and the curves y=fx)
andy-g(«) Providedf)<gt (asB),
is given by
y=f) X=b
X' X

(V)The area bound by y =f («),and y=f) y=gr)

y=g), asx <b, when they
intersect x = ce (,b)where
f) g () xe (,c] and
fx)s g() Vxe[e,b] is given by
4-jr-slá X'+ ’X
X=a X=C x=b
Y'
 JEE
AREAS regionboundedby u
area ofthe
W.E - 2:Find y'-Iand r=)
Formulae : curves 2x=
The arca of rhombus foned by ax t by tc
() IS
Sol. 2 x y ' I > ay' +by +e
3/2
2¢
labl Sq. units
2
Ac)
+ ais
The arca of theregion bounded by x Area 3
2a' sq.units
bounded
The area of the triangle formed by the lines The area of
the region
is
=m, t,]=m,N +C,.l=m,x +C is
+hxtc and y = mx +k 6a? Where
P= ar
IG-G) Sq.units. +(b-m)x+{c -k)
m, -m, 0s
A the discriminantof ax*
region bounded hy
The area of the parallelogram formed by The area of the
A2
a,x+b+c =0, a,x+b+d, =0, x = my + k is Where
I= ay´ +by +c and 6a
a,x+by +c, =0,a,x+ b,y +d, =0 is +(c-k)
Ais diseriminant of ay' +(b-m)y
(G-d)(G-d,)|
and
ab, - a,h
sq. units.
W.E-3: The areabetween the curve y =9x
the line y=3x is
W.E-1: Find area bounded by the curves w
y=|*-1y=-*+1 Sol. y² =9x,y =3x
Sol. The lines are y =x-1,y=-+1 (b-4ac 3/2
y=tx-l,y=# +l
-=
3
ay' +by +c; Area
6a 2
X+y+l=0,x+y-l=0
X-y-1=0,x- y+l=0 W.E-4:The area inside the parabola 5x-y=0
4 =1,b =1,c =1,d,=-1 but outside the parabola 2x-y+9=0 is
Sol. 5x -y=0 2x'-y+9 =0
a, =1,b, -1,,=-1, d, =1
y=5x =2x? +9 y=3r-9
G-4)G-d,)_(2)-2)
Area
ab, -ab -1-1 =2sq.units Area=
(B-4ac 1
2
Area ofthe region bounded by y= ax + bx+c
(b° - 4ac)
3/2
The area of thetriangle formed by the tangent and
and x-axis is sq.units normal at P(x,,y) and x-axis (m is the slope
6a'
Area of the region bounded by x= ay' +by +c
3/2 of tangent )is , m+: m Sq. units.
and y-axis is
(b-4ac) sq. units
6a The area of the triangle formed by the tangent and
normal at P(x,y) and y-axis (m is the slope o1
 W.E - 8: Find the area enclosed between the
tangent) is, m+ Sq.units,
2 m| curves y' =12(x+3),y' =20(5-x)
W.E-5: Findthe area of the triangle formed by
the tangent and normal at (a,a) on the curve Sol. a=3,b=5;Ara=;ab(a+b)
3 -64,V3
v( 2a -x)=x and the x-axis The arca between the parabolas y = 4ax and
16ah
Sol. y(2a -x)=x y= x=4by is 3
Sq. units.
2a-x
dy Ara=l+m The area between the parabolas y' = 4ax and
M = =3
dx a.a) 2 3 16a
x=4ay is 3
Sq. units.

The area of the ellipse -=lis rab sq.units. The area between the parabola y² = 4ax and the
8a?
Area of the region bounded by x'+y'=a' is line y = mx is 3m3 Sq.units.
Na sq.units
The area between the parabola y² = 4ax and its
W.E - 6:Find the area of the region bounded by 8a?
the ellipse. latusrectum is Sq. units.
3
9x² +25y-18x-100y -116= 0*
Sol. Given equation is W.E -9: Find the area of the region bounded by
9x' +25y° -18x-100y-116=0 the parabola y' -4x-8y +40 =0 and its
latusrectum
’9(x-1)'+25(y-2) -225
Sol. y²-4x-8y +40 =0
(-),(-2) -=l; a=5;b=3 >-4)' =4(x-6); 4a =43a=1
25
Area =Tab=15t & 8
Arej=
3 3
W.E -7: Find the area of auxillary circle of the
W.E - 10 : Find the area of the region
ellipse (x-1,(-2),
=1
16
{();a -x-iss
Sol. Auxillary circle is x +y' =16(: a>b)
Area =a' -16 Sol. R=(r.y);*-x-1sys-1}
Area bounded by
f(x)[y[g()
y'= 4a(x+ a).y' =4b(b-x) is f(*)=g(x)’r=0,1
8
;Vab(a+b)squnits Area=[(s(*)-f())ar-f(x-*)áa =
0

The area bounded by /x+v=a and the co

ordinate axes is sq. units. b

The area enclosed between one arc of the cycloid

x= a(0- sin ), y= a(|-cos 0) and its base
5.
is 3ta' sq.units.
The area enclosed by the curve
3Tt ab
=1 is Sq. units,

The area of the asteroid y?3 4 v73 = a3 is

3ra?
Sq,units.
8

The area of one arc of the curve y = Sin ax and

X-axis is 2/a square units.
The area of one arc of the curve y= coS ax and
X-axis is 2/a square units.
The area of the region bounded by y = sin ax and
2n
x-axis in (0, nr ]is sq.units

The area of theregion bounded by y=0S and

2n
x-axis in (0, nT|is sq.units

LEVEL-I (C.W)

AREAS OF PLANE REGIONS