Early Childhood Development Programs
GHINT I. PERNES
DR. EDGAR OLUA
Grade 2 Araling Panlipunan Lesson Plan
Topic: Pagkakapantay-pantay at Pagkakaiba-iba ng Tao
(Equality and Diversity of People)
Duration: 45 minutes
I. Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. Understand the concept of equality and diversity among people.
2. Identify and respect the differences and similarities among people.
3. Recognize that despite differences, everyone should be treated fairly and with
respect.
II. Materials Needed:
• Chart paper or whiteboard and markers
• Pictures or drawings showing people of different backgrounds (e.g., different skin
colors, clothing, and traditions)
• Storybook or short video about equality or diversity (optional)
• Flashcards with simple descriptions (e.g., a boy from a farm, a girl in the city, etc.)
• Art materials (crayons, paper, etc.)
III. Lesson Breakdown:
1. Introduction (5 minutes)
• Warm-up Activity: Start with a quick question to the class:
o "Do you know any people who look different from you?"
o "Can you tell me what makes people different or the same?"
• Briefly introduce the concept of Pagkakapantay-pantay (equality) and Pagkakaiba-
iba (diversity), explaining that every person is unique in some way (different skin
color, language, customs) but everyone deserves to be treated equally and fairly.
2. Direct Instruction (10 minutes)
• Discuss Equality:
o Explain what it means to treat everyone equally, regardless of their
appearance, background, or where they live.
o Provide simple examples of fairness (e.g., sharing toys, taking turns).
• Discuss Diversity:
o Explain diversity as the idea that people can be different but that these
differences make the world interesting.
o Show pictures of people from different cultures, regions, and backgrounds
(e.g., a child from the city, a child from the province, children from different
ethnic groups). Discuss how these children may have different traditions,
languages, and clothes.
• Storytelling (Optional):
o Read a short story about children from different places and backgrounds
learning to be friends and working together. (This could be a story about
kindness, helping others, or accepting differences.)
3. Interactive Activity (15 minutes)
• Activity 1: “I am Unique, But We are Equal”
o Ask students to form a circle. Show flashcards of different children (with
various traits, such as skin color, clothes, etc.) and ask students how each
child might feel about being different or the same.
o Ask the students: "How would you treat this person if they were your friend?"
Discuss how it is important to treat all people the same, even if they look
different.
• Activity 2: Drawing and Reflection
o Give students a sheet of paper and crayons or colored pencils. Ask them to
draw themselves in the middle of the paper, and then draw a few friends or
classmates around them.
o After drawing, ask them to reflect on the question: "What makes us all
unique but still the same?" Encourage them to talk about how everyone has
different traits (like hair color, height, etc.) but they are still all equal as
friends and classmates.
4. Group Discussion (5 minutes)
• Bring the class together and discuss the drawings. Ask:
o "What makes you unique?"
o "How can we show kindness and respect to people who are different from
us?"
o “Why do you think it’s important that we treat everyone the same, even if
they are different?”
5. Conclusion and Recap (5 minutes)
• Summarize Key Points:
o "Everyone is unique in different ways, but we should always treat each other
fairly and with kindness."
o "Even if we are different in some ways, we all have the same value as
people."
• Closing Question:
o Ask students: "How will you show respect to others who may look or act
differently than you?"
6. Assessment (5 minutes)
• Informal Assessment:
o Observe students as they share their drawings and assess their
understanding of equality and diversity. Evaluate their ability to articulate
what makes them unique and how they demonstrate kindness towards
others.
