AI Notes for 10 Chapter-1 1
AI Notes for 10 Chapter-1 1
What is Intelligence?
Humans have been creating machines that can simplify their lives. The purpose of
machines is to complete jobs that are either too time-consuming or tedious for
people to complete. Therefore, by doing our work for us, machines lighten our weight
and assist us in achieving our objectives.
Many organizations have come up with their own definitions of artificial intelligence.
Following is a few of them:
Encyclopedia Britannica
Artificial intelligence (AI), is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled
robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.
AI, ML & DL
we must have encountered a very common conflict between artificial intelligence (AI)
and machine learning while you worked to develop your AI readiness (ML). These
phrases are frequently used synonymously, but are they the same? Is there no
distinction between artificial intelligence and machine learning? Is Deep Learning (DL)
an instance of artificial intelligence? What is Deep Learning, exactly?
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Refers to any method that makes it possible for computers to simulate intelligence.
Machines can now detect human faces, move and manipulate items, comprehend
human voice commands, and perform a variety of other jobs thanks to this
technology. The AI-enabled machines operate in an intelligent manner and think
algorithmically.
Introduction to AI Domains
AI models can be broadly categorized into three domains:
1. Data Science
2. Computer Vision
3. Natural Language Processing
Data Science
Data sciences is an area of AI that deals with data systems and processes. In this area,
a system gathers a lot of data, maintains data sets, and extrapolates meaning from
the data. A decision can be made based on the data science-extracted information.
Example of Data Science
Price Comparison Websites – Price comparison websites include PriceGrabber,
PriceRunner, Junglee, Shopzilla, and DealTime, to name a few. There is a huge
amount of data powering these websites. If you have ever used one of these
websites, you are aware of how convenient it is to compare a product’s price among
various merchants in one location.
Computer Vision
The field of artificial intelligence known as computer vision, or CV for short,
demonstrates the ability of a machine to gather and analyze visual data before
making predictions about it. Image acquisition, screening, analysis, identification, and
information extraction are all part of the process.
Example of Computer Vision
1. Self-Driving cars/ Automatic Cars
2. Face Lock in Smartphones
AI Ethics
AI ethics is a set of moral guidelines and methods meant to guide the creation and
ethical application of artificial intelligence technologies. Organizations are beginning
to create AI codes of ethics as AI has become ingrained in goods and services.
These days, the Information Age is giving way to the Age of Artificial Intelligence. We
now construct solutions using intelligence gathered from the data rather than data or
information. Even Netflix TV and movie recommendations can be made using these
technologies.
Data Privacy
Data is the center of the artificial intelligence. Every business, no matter how big or
small, is collecting data from as many sources as they can. The fact that more than
70% of the data acquired to date was just gathered in the previous three years
demonstrates how crucial data has grown in recent years. The adage that data is the
new gold is not untrue.
AI Bias
When outcomes in AI cannot be broadly generalized, bias occurs. We frequently
imagine bias as the product of preferences or exclusions in training data, but bias can
also be introduced through the methods used to collect data, the algorithms used to
process it, and the methods used to interpret the results of AI.
AI Access
Not everyone can use artificial intelligence because it is still a developing technology.
People who can afford AI-enabled technology benefit from it to the fullest, while
those who cannot are left behind. Due to this, a gap between these two social strata
has developed, and it is becoming wider due to the rapid growth of technology.
AI creates unemployment
The use of AI is improving people’s lives. Nowadays, most tasks can be completed
with a few clicks. AI will soon be able to complete all the difficult activities that
humans have been performing for a long time. Maybe all of the laborer’s will be
replaced by AI-enabled machines in the near future.
AI for kids
Kids today are intelligent enough to grasp technology from a young age. As their
capacity for thought grows, they begin to become tech-savvy and eventually pick
everything up more quickly than an adult. But should technology be introduced to
young children?
Question Answer
1. What is Intelligence?
Answer – Machines that can simplify human life have been created by humans.
Machines are designed to complete jobs that are either time-consuming or too
laborious for people to complete.
Therefore, machines assist us by performing tasks for us, dividing our workload, and
making it simpler for us to achieve these objectives.
2. What is Artificial Intelligence?
Answer – The replication of human intelligence functions by machines, particularly
computer systems, is known as artificial intelligence. Expert systems, natural
language processing, speech recognition, and machine vision are some examples of
specific AI applications.
3. How do you make decisions?
Answer – The basis for decision-making depends on the information that is available
and how we perceive and comprehend it. Without information, we are unable to
make “excellent” decisions because we are forced to deal with unknown variables
and encounter uncertainty, which forces us to make irrational assumptions, flip coins,
or roll dice. Knowing something about a situation, having experience with it, or
having insights into it let us imagine possible outcomes. and how we might
accomplish or prevent those results.
4. What is Machine Learning?
Answer – It is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows robots to get better at
tasks over time (data). The goal of machine learning is to give computers the ability to
learn on their own utilizing the supplied data and arrive at reliable predictions and
decisions.
5. What is Deep Learning?
Answer – Software can use it to teach itself how to carry out tasks using enormous
volumes of data. Massive volumes of data are used to train the machine in deep
learning, allowing it to learn from the data. These devices possess the intelligence to
create algorithms on their own.
The most sophisticated type of artificial intelligence among these three is deep
learning. The next stage is intermediately intelligent machine learning, and artificial
intelligence encompasses all ideas and techniques that, in some way or another,
approximate human intelligence.
6. What is AI Domain?
Answer – The training an artificial intelligence receives determines how intelligent it
becomes. Datasets are fed into the computer during training. The data given into the
AI algorithm varies depending on the applications for which it is designed. AI models
can be roughly divided into three categories based on the type of data they are fed,
including:
a. Data Science
b. Computer Vision
c. Natural Language Processing
7. What is the purpose of Data Science in AI?
Answer – Data sciences is an area of AI that deals with data systems and processes. In
this area, a system gathers a lot of data, maintains data sets, and extrapolates
meaning from the data.
The information extracted through data science can be used to make a decision
about it.
Example of Data Science – Price Comparison Websites
8. What is Computer Vision?
Answer – The field of artificial intelligence known as CV describes a machine’s
capacity to gather and analyses visual data before making predictions about it. Image
acquisition, screening, analysis, identification, and information extraction are all part
of the process. Computers can comprehend any visual content and respond
appropriately thanks to this thorough processing.
Example of Computer Vision – Self-Driving cars/ Automatic Cars / Face Lock in
Smartphones
9. What is the purpose of NLP?
Answer – “Natural Language Processing,” or NLP, is concerned with how computers
and people interact while utilizing natural language. Natural language processing
(NLP), which aims to extract information from spoken and written words using
algorithms, refers to language that is spoken and written by people.
Example of NLP – Email filters / Smart assistants
10. What is AI Ethics?
Answer – AI ethics is a set of moral guidelines and methods meant to guide the
creation and ethical application of artificial intelligence technologies. Organizations
are beginning to create AI codes of ethics as AI has become ingrained in goods and
services.
11. What is Data Privacy in AI?
Answer – Data privacy is the ability to manage how our digital data is collected, used,
and shared by various parties. Artificial intelligence is becoming more and more
embedded into every part of our life as technology improves.
Data is the center of the artificial intelligence universe. Every business, no matter
how big or little, is collecting data from as many sources as they can. The fact that
more than 70% of the data acquired to date was just gathered in the previous three
years demonstrates how crucial data has grown in recent years.
12. What is an AI Bias?
Answer – A occurrence known as machine learning bias, also known as algorithm bias
or AI bias, is when an algorithm generates results that are systematically biased as a
result of false assumptions made during the machine learning process.
13. Why do we need Artificial Intelligence?
Answer – Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that are intelligent and can
behave like people. In the modern world, AI is required to solve complicated
problems, improve our daily lives by automating mundane operations, save labor,
and carry out a wide range of other duties.
14. What is Deep Learning, and how is it used in real-world?
Answer – A subtype of machine learning called “deep learning” imitates how the
human brain functions. It is modelled after the neurons found in the human brain and
uses neural networks to tackle challenging real-world issues. Deep neural learning or
the deep neural network are other names for it.
Deep learning has some practical applications, including:
a. Adding color to the black-and-white pictures
b. visual computing
c. text production
d. Robots with deep learning, etc.
15. Which programming language is used for AI?
Answer – The top five programming languages used most frequently for creating
artificial intelligence are listed below:
a. Python
b. Java
c. Lisp
d. R
e. Prolog
16. What is the intelligent agent in AI, and where are they used?
Answer – Any autonomous entity that uses sensors to detect its surroundings and
actuators to act on it might be considered an intelligent agent.
The following applications of AI make use of these intelligent agents:
a. Information Access and Navigations such as Search Engine
b. Repetitive Activities
c. Domain Experts
d. Chatbots, etc.