Scribd
Upload
13 views5 pages

PC-REVIEWER

Uploaded by

Mcckkkz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views5 pages

PC-REVIEWER

Uploaded by

Mcckkkz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

PC – REVIEWER

Module 1 - Communication Principles, Processes, and Ethics

What is Communication?

• Communication is the process of using messages to generate meaning. (Pearson et


al.,2011)
• Communication is a systematic process in which people interact with and through
symbols to create and interpret meanings. (Wood,2012)
• In its simplest form, communication is the transmission of a message from a source to a
receiver. (Baron, 2011)
• Communication is the process of sending information to oneself or another entity, usually
via a language. (Palta,2017)
• Broadly speaking, communication is a process of sharing opinions and information,
ideas, and feelings (Jimenez & Alparo, 2000).
• Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages sometimes through
spoken or written words, and sometimes nonverbally through facial expressions, gestures,
and voice. (Ober & Newman, 2013)

The Communication Process


Source- the speaker or sender of the message
Message- information or ideas from the speaker
Encoding- transferring the message
Channel- the means to deliver the message (face-to-face, telephone, and emails etc.
Decoding – interpreting an encoded message.
Receiver- recipient of the message.
Feedback- The action or the responses of the receiver to the message from the sender.
Context- the situation or the environment in which communication takes place.
Barriers- the factors which may affect the communication process.

Lesson 2 - Communication Models


Aristotle’s Linear Model – The Aristotle’s communication model revolves around the speaker as the
main concept of this theory is that, speaker plays the most important role in communication and it is the
only one who holds the responsibility to influence his/her audience through public speaking
-The Shannon and Weaver Model of communication is a mathematical theory of communication that
argues that human communication can be broken down into six key concepts: sender, encoder, channel,
noise, decoder, and receiver. It is known as the “Mother of all models” because of its wide popularity
The Osgood-Schramm (Interactive Model) of communication is defined as a circular model that shows
that messages go in two directions.
Transactional Model
This model was adapted from Wood (1997) in response to the failure of interactive models to portray
dynamism of human communication.

Module 2- Communication in Multicultural Settings

Lesson 1 - Communication and Globalization


Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence and integration of the world’s
cultural, political, economic, and technological domains of countries, brought about by cross-border trade
in goods and services, technology, flows of investment, people, and information.

Benefits of Globalization
1. Access to New Cultures
2. The Spread of Technology and Innovation
3. Lower Costs for Products
4. Creates More Employment Opportunities

CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Benefits the Wealthy More Than the Poor.
2. Transfer of Disease
3. Struggled Jobs and Commerce Move Elsewhere
4. Impacts the Environment Negatively.

Lesson 2 - World Englishes


The term World Englishes refers to the differences in the English language that emerge as it is used in
various contexts across the world. It is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English,
especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom or the United
States.

Lesson 3 - Culturally Sensitive and Bias-Free Language


If sensitivity and bias-free language is not practiced, Cross-cultural blunders (mistake; error) can be
the result. It is caused by inappropriate use of language which is a common problem in international
professional communication.

1. Race and Ethnicity. Racism is a form of discrimination against a person or persons of a different race
in general, it is best to avoid identifying people by race or ethnic group.
2. Gender and Sexual Orientation - Sexism refers to the prejudice and discrimination based on sex or
gender. To be inclusive of all people in general references one should favor gender-neutral words and
phrases over gender-biased words.
3. Social Class -Class discrimination or classism is a form of prejudice against the person or people
because of their social class
4. Age - Ageism is a form of discrimination against the other people because of their age, or assuming
that older people are less physically, intellectually, or emotionally able than other age groups.

Module 3
Lesson 1 - Evaluation of Texts and Images in Multicultural Contexts

Qualities of a Critical Reader

• A critical reader annotates text by writing or using sticky notes.


• Determines and analyzes the organizational pattern (compare-contrast, cause-effect,
description, narration, definition, or persuasion of the text.)
• Asks critical questions that promote analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of text.
• Considers the cultural and historical background of the text or image.
• Distinguishes facts from opinions.
• Evaluates the author’s credibility by checking on his or her credentials or academic and
scholarly background.
• Evaluates the source of the text and image.
• Looks beyond the text or ideas that are not explicitly stated.
• Makes inferences about the text or images and the author’s ideas, biases, claims, agenda,
or views.

• Assesses the usefulness and relevance of the text by previewing or reading the titles,
table of contents, summaries and abstracts, introductions, conclusions, headings, and
subheadings.
• Reads with a specific question in mind that he or she wants the text or image to answer.
• Reads with an open mind.
Lesson 2 - Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of Technology
•Multimedia - is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text,
audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.

• Video – is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and
display of moving visual media.
• Sound recording and reproduction – is an electrical, mechanical, electronic, or digital
inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental
music, or sound effects.
• PowerPoint, web-based and online presentations- Online presentation software
specializes in letting you create interactive content. It also features many animation
effects.

Module 4 - Communication for General Purposes

Material- It refers to your topic which can be about your experiences, observations,
inspiration, or anything you are interested to talk about.
Message-It refers to the content or the main point of your speech, which can be supported by
personal stories or anecdotes—humorous or inspiring – and relevant statistics or ideas from
newspapers and academic journals among others

Methods of Delivery
Manuscript. The speech is delivered by speakers who intend to read aloud their speech
word for word to the audience. One example is writing or reading a proclamation paper,
public announcement, or court decision.
Memorized. The speech is delivered by speakers who intend to memorize their speech word
for word. This occurs when one delivers a declamation or oratorical piece for a contest or
during a gathering.
Extemporaneous speech. This is delivered by speakers who intend to present a well-crafted
speech. This speech is fully prepared and perfectly rehearsed ahead of time. As an example,
you accepted an invitation from your former school to give an inspirational talk to the
graduates.

Module 5 - Communication for Professional Purposes


Business letter – is a document that conveys information from one company to another, or between such
organizations and their customers, clients, or other external parties.
Memorandum, - more commonly known as a memo, is a short message or record used for internal
communication in a business.
-Memo, which is internal communication, immediately gives the date, the addressee and sender, and the
subject of the memo in a standard format.

There are five types of a memo: (1) Instruction memo, (2) Request memo, (3)
Announcement memo, (4) Transmittal memo – a cover note for a formal and lengthy
document, and (5) Authorization memo.

E-mail
Produce permanent records, so writers should be aware of the dangers of messages traveling to
unintended recipients.
-According to Guffey (2000), even when deleted, emails can remain on multiple servers that are backed
up by companies or Internet service providers. Moreover, in sensitive situations, emails are not as
effective, as they are only partially able to convey the writer’s attitude or emotions.

You might also like