Mathematics Question Bank

(Prepared as per concept, title and arranged in method by method )

10th Standarad

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 2 X std Mathematics Made Easy
1. CARTESIAN PRODUCT 2. Let A = {3,4,7,8} and B = {1,7,10}. Which of the sets
are relations from A to B?
1. Let A= {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b}. Write AXB and
BXA (i) R1 ={(3,7), (4,7), (7,10), (8,1)}

2. Find A x B , A x A and B x A (ii) R2= {(3,1), (4,12)}

(i) A = {2, −2, 3} and B = {1, −4} (iii)R3= (3,7)(4,10)(7,7)(7,8)(8,11)(8,7)(8,10)}

(ii) A = B = {p, q} 3. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 7} and B = {3, 0, –1, 7}, which of

the following are relation from A to B ?
(iii) A = {m, n} ; B = f
(i) R1 = {(2, 1), (7, 1)}
3. Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {x | x is a prime number
less than 10}. Find A x B and B x A. (ii) R2 = {(–1,1)}

4. If A = {1,3,5} and B = {2,3} then (iii) R3 = {(2, –1), (7, 7), (1, 3)}

(i) find A´B and B ´ A. (iv) R4= {(7,–1), (0,3), (3,3), (0,7)}

(ii) Is A´B=B´A? If not why? 4. Let A = {1,3,5,7}, B = {4,8} and R be the relation
defined as “is less than”.
(iii) Show that n(A×B) = n(B×A) = n(A)× n(B)
i) Write R as a subset of A x B.
5. If A×B = {(3,2), (3,4), (5,2), (5,4)} find A and B.
ii) Define a relation R from A to B
6. If B × A = {(−2, 3),(−2, 4),(0, 3),(0, 4),(3, 3),(3, 4)}
find A and B. ii) Write in xRy form

7. If A = {5, 6} , B = {4, 5, 6} , C = {5, 6, 7} , Show that 5. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4,..., 45} and R be the relation
A × A = (B × B) n (C × C) . defined as “is square of ” on A.

8. Given A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {2, 3, 5}, C = {3, 4} and D = i) Write R as a subset of A x A.

{1, 3, 5}, check if (A n C) × (B n D) = (A × B)n(C × ii) Find the domain and range of R.
D) is true? 6. A Relation R is given by set {(x, y) /y = x + 3,
9. Let A = {x Î N | 1< x < 4} , B = {x ÎW|0 £ x ≤ 2} x Î {0, 1,2,3,4,5}}. Determine its domain & range.
and C = {xÎ N |x <3} . Verify that 7. The arrow diagram shows a relationship
i) A × (B È C) = (A × B) È (A × C) between the sets P and Q. Write the relation in (i)
Set builder form (ii) Roster form (iii) What is the
ii) A × (B Ç C) = (A × B) Ç (A × C)
domain and range of R.
10. Let A = {x Î W | x < 2} , B = {x Î|1 < x ≤ 4} and C
8. Represent each of the given relations by
= {3, 5} . Verify that
(a) an arrow diagram, (b) a graph and (c) a set in
(i) A × (B È C) = (A × B) È (A × C)
roster form, wherever possible.
(ii) A × (B Ç C) = (A × B) Ç (A × C)
(i) {(x, y)| x = 2y, x Î {2, 3, 4, 5}, y Î {1, 2, 3, 4}
(iii) (A È B) × C = (A × C) È (B × C)
(ii) {(x, y)|y = x+ 3, x, y are natural numbers < 10}
11. A = Set of all natural numbers less than 8, B=
9. 10 families A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J with two
Set of all prime numbers less than 8, C = Set of
children. Among these, families B, F, I have two
even prime number. Verify that
girls; D, G, J have one boy and one girl; the
i) (A Ç B) × C = (A × C) Ç (B × C) remaining have two boys. Define a relation R by
ii) A × (B −C) = (A × B) − (A× C) xRy, where x denote number of boys and y denote
family with x number of boys. Represent this
2. RELATIONS situation as a relation through ordered pairs and
1. Define a relation between heights of arrow diagram.
corresponding students using i) pair of heights 10. A company has four categories of employees
and students ii) an arrow diagram given by Assistants (A), Clerks (C), Managers (M)

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 3 X std Mathematics Made Easy
and an Executive Officer (E). The company (i) find [f(0) + f(1)]/2
provide Rs.10,000, Rs.25,000, Rs.50,000 and (ii) find x such that f (x) = 0.
Rs.1,00,000 as salaries to the people who work in
the categories A, C, M and E. If A1, A2, A3, A4and (iii) find x such that f (x) = x .
A5 were Assistants; C1, C2, C3, C4 were Clerks; M1, (iv) find x such that f (x) = f (1−x) .
M2, M3 were managers and E1, E2 were Executive 11. An open box is to be made from a square piece of
officers and if the relation R is defined by xRy, material, 24 cm on a side, by cutting equal
where x is the salary given to person y, express squares from the corners and turning up the sides
the relation R through an ordered pair and an as shown. Express the volume V of the box as a
arrow diagram. function of x.
3. FUNCTIONS 12. A function f is defined by f (x) = 3−2x . Find x
1. X={1,2,3,4},Y= {2,4,6,8,10}, R = {(1,2),(2,4),(3,6), such that f (x2) = (f (x))2 .
(4,8)} Show that R is a function and find its 13. A plane is flying at a speed of 500 km per hour.
domain, co-domain and range? Express the distance d travelled by the plane as
2. A relation ‘f’ is defined by f (x) =x2 – 2 where, x Î function of time t in hours.
{-2,-1,0,3} (i) List the elements of f (ii) Is f a 14. The data depicts length of a woman’s forehand
function? and her corresponding height. A student finds a
3. If X={–5,1,3,4} Y = {a,b,c}, which of following relationship between height (y) and forehand
relations are functions from X to Y ? length(x) as y = ax +b , where a, b are constants.

(i) R1 = {(–5,a), (1,a), (3,b)}

(ii) R 2 = {(–5,b), (1,b), (3,a),(4,c)}
(iii) R3 = {(–5,a), (1,a), (3,b),(4,c),(1,b)}
4. Let f = {(x, y) | x, y Î N and y = 2x} be a relation
on N. Find the domain, co-domain and range. Is
this relation a function?
5. Let X = {3, 4, 6, 8}. Determine whether the i) Check if this relation is a function.
relation R = {(x, f (x)) | x Î X, f (x) = x 2 + 1 } is a ii) Find a and b.
function from X to N ? iii) Find the height of a woman whose forehand
2
6. Given f ( x ) = 2 x - x , length is 40 cm.
iv) Find the length of forehand of a woman if her
find (i)f (1) (ii) f (x+1) (iii) f (x) + f (1) height is 53.3 inches.
7. Given function f : x ® x2 −5x + 6 , evaluate 15. Find the domain of given functions
(i) f (-1) (ii) f (2a) (iii) f (2) (iv) f (x −1) 1 1
i) f ( x ) = ii) f ( x ) = 2
x +1 x - 5x + 6
8. A graph representing function f (x) is given
(i) Find the following values of the function 4. TYPES OF FUNCTIONS

(a) f (0) (b) f (7) (c) f (2) (d) f (10) 1. Let A = {1,2,3,4} and B = {2,5,8,11,14} be two sets.
Let f: A ®B be a function given by f (x) = 3x−1.
(ii) For what value of x is f (x) = 1?
Represent this function
(iii) Describe the following (i) Domain (ii) Range.
(i) arrow diagram (ii) table form
(iv) What is the image of 6 under f ?
(iii) set of ordered pairs (iv) in a graphical form
f(x + 2) - f(2)
9. Let f (x) = 2x + 5. If x ≠ 0 find
x
10. A function f is defined by f (x) = 2x – 3

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 4 X std Mathematics Made Easy
2. Let f : A ® B be a function defined by i) Find the images of 1, 2, 3
x ii) Find the pre-images of 29, 53
f ( x ) = - 1 where A = {2, 4, 6, 10, 12}, B = {0, 1, 2,
2
4, 5, 9} . Represent f by ii) Identify the type of function

(i) set of ordered pairs; (ii) table; 11. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = N . Let f : A ® B be
defined by f (x) = x3 then, (i) find the range of f (ii)
(iii) arrow diagram; (iv) a graph
identify the type of function
3. Represent the function f = {(1, 2),(2, 2),(3, 2),(4,
12. In each of the following cases state whether the
3),(5, 4)} through
function is bijective or not. Justify your answer.
(i) arrow diagram (ii) a table form (iii) a graph
i) f : R ® R defined by f (x) = 2x +1
4. Check whether a function. If so mention the type.
Justify your answer ii) f : R ® R defined by f (x) = 3 – 4x2

i) A= {1,2,3,4}, B= {a,b,c,d,e} 13. Let A = {−1, 1}and B = {0, 2} . If the function f : A

® B defined by f(x) = ax + b is an onto function?
f = {(1,a), (2,b), (3,d), (4,c)}
Find a and b.
ii) A= {1,2,3,4}, B= {a,b,c,d,e}
14. If the function f : R® R is defined by
g = {(1,a), (2,b), (3,c), (4,e)}
ì2 x + 7 if x < -2
iii) A = {1,2,3,4}, B= {a, b, c} ï
f ( x ) = íx 2 - 2 if - 2 £ x £ 3
f = {(1,a), (2,a), (3,b), (4,c)} ï3x - 2 if x³3
î
iv) A= {x,y,z}, B= {l,m,n}, f= {(x,m)(y,n)(z,l)}
Find the values of
v) A = {1,2,3,}, B= {w,x,y,z},f = {(1,w) (2,z) (3,x)}
f (1) - 3 f ( 4)
5. Determine type of function.Justify your Answer (i) f (4) (ii) f (-2) (iii) f (4)+2 f(1) iv)
f ( -3)

15. If the function f is defined by

ìx + 2 if x > 1
ï
f ( x ) = í2 if - 1 £ x £ 1
ïx - 1 if - 3 < x < -1
î
Find the values of
(i) f (3) (ii) f (0) (iii) f (−1.5) (iv) f (2)+ f (−2)
16. A function f : [−5,9] ® R is defined as follows:

ì6x + 1 if - 5 £ x < 2
ï 2
6. Let A = {1,2,3} , B = {4,5,6,7} and f = {(1,4)} ,( 2,5),( 3,6)} f ( x ) = í5x - 1 if 2 £ x < 6 Find
ï3x - 4 if 6 < x < 9
be a function from A to B. Show that f is one – one î
but not onto function.
(i) f (−3) + f (2) (ii) f (7) - f (1) (iii) 2f (4) + f (8)
7. If A = {-2,-1,0,1,2} f: A ® B is an onto function
2 f(-2 ) - f( 6 )
defined by f (x) = x 2 + x + 1 then find B. (iv)
f( 4 ) + f(-2 )
8. Show that the function f : N ® N defined by f (x) 17. Forensic scientists can determine height of a
= 2x – 1 is one-one but not onto person based on the length of their thigh bone.
9. Show that the function f : N ® N defined by f (m) They do so using the function
= m2 + m + 3 is one-one function. h (b) = 2.47b + 54.10 where b is the length of the
thigh bone.
10. Let f be a function f : N ® N , defined by
f ( x ) = 3x + 2, x Î N (i) Check if the function h is one – one

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 5 X std Mathematics Made Easy
(ii) Find height of a person if the length of his (iv) f (x) = 3 + x, g(x) = x - 4
thigh bone is 50 cms. (v) f (x) = 4x2 − 1, g(x) = 1 + x
(iii) Find the length of the thigh bone if the height 6. Find the value of k, such that f o g = g o f
of a person is 147.96 cms.
(i) f (x) = 3x +2, g(x) = 6x −k
18. The distance S (in kms) travelled by a particle in
(ii) f (x) = 2x −k, g(x) = 4x + 5
t2 + t
time ‘t’ hours is given by s(t ) = . Find the
2 x + 1
7. If f (x)=2x −1, g (x) = , show that fog=gof= x
distance travelled by the particle after 2
(i) three and half hours. (i) If f (x) = x2 −1, g(x) = x −2 find a, if g o f (a) = 1 .
(ii) eight hours and fifteen minutes. (ii) Find k, if f (k) = 2k −1 and f o f (k) = 5.
19. Distance S an object travels under the influence of 8. Let A, B, C ÎN and function f:A ® B be defined
gravity in time t seconds is given by by f(x) = 2x + 1 and g:B ® C be defined by g(x)
S(t) = (1/2) gt2 + at + b = x2 . Find range of f o g and g o f.

where, g is acceleration due to gravity, a, b are 9. Let f (x) = x2 −1 . Find (i) f o f (ii) f o f o f If f : R ®
constants. Check if the function S(t) is one-one. R and g : R ® R are defined by f(x) = x5 and g(x)
= x4 then check if f, g are one-one and f o g is one-
20. Function ‘t’ which maps temperature in Celsius
one?
(C) into temperature in Fahrenheit (F) is defined
9 10. Consider the functions f (x), g(x), h(x) as given
by t(C) = F where F = C + 32 . Find,
5 below. Show that (f o g) o h = f o (g o h) in each
(i) t(0) (ii) t(28) (iii) t(-10) case.

(iv) value of C when t (C) = 212 (i) f(x) = x −1, g(x) = 3x +1 and h(x) = x2

(v) temperature when Celsius value is equal to (ii) f (x) = x2, g(x) = 2x and h(x) = x + 4
Farenheit value. (iii) f (x) = x −4, g(x) = x2 and h(x) = 3x −5
21. Identify the type of function 11. Let f = {(−1, 3),(0,−1),(2,−9)} be a linear function
i)A= { a,b,c,d }, B = {1,2,3} , f = {(a,3)(b,3)(c,3)(d,3)} from Z into Z . Find f (x).

ii) A = { a, b, c }, f = {(a, a) (b, b)( c, c)} 12. In electrical circuit theory, a circuit C(t) is called a
linear circuit if it satisfies the superposition
22. f is a function from R to R defined by f (x) = 3x – 5 principle given by C(at1 + bt2) = aC(t1) + bC(t2),
Find values of a and b given that (a, 4) and (1, b) where a,b are constants. Show that the circuit C(t)
belong to f. = 3t is linear.
5. COMPOSITION OF FUNCTIONS 2.1. EUCLID’S DIVISION LEMMA
1. Find fog and gof when f (x) = 2x+1, g (x) = x2 – 2 1. Find all positive integers, when divided by 3
2. If f x) = 3x−2 , g(x) = 2x+k and if fo g =go f find k. leaves remainder 2.
3. f (x) = 2x+3 g (x) = 1 −2x, h (x) = 3x¸ Prove that (fo 2. A man has 532 flower pots. He wants to arrange
go h) = fo( goh) them in rows such that each row contains 21
4. Find x if gff(x) = fgg(x), given f x (x) = (3x +1) and flower pots. Find the number of completed rows
gx (x) = x + 3 and how many flower pots are left over.

5. Using the functions f and g, find f o g and g o f . 3. find HCF of two given positive integers. a = 273
Check whether f o g = g o f . and b = 119 be the two given positive integers
such that ab > .
(i) f (x) = x −6, g(x) = x2
4. Find quotient and remainder when a is divided
(ii) f (x) = 2/x, g(x) = 2x2 - 1 by b in the following cases
iii) f (x) = (x + 6)/3, g(x) = 3 - x
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 6 X std Mathematics Made Easy
(i)a =−12 , b = 5 2. Is 7x5 x3x2 +3 a composite number? Justify your
(ii)a = 17 , b =−3 answer.

(iii)a =−19 , b =−4 3. a’ and ‘b’ are two positive integers such that ab
×ba= 800. Find ‘a’ and ‘b’.
5. Use Euclid’s Division Algorithm to find the
Highest Common Factor (HCF) of 4. If m, n are natural numbers, for what values of m,
does 2n x 5m ends in 5?
i) 340 and 412
5. If 13824 = 2a ×3b then find a and b.
(ii) 867 and 255
6. For what values of natural number n, 4n can end
(iii) 10224 and 9648 with the digit 6?
(iv) 84, 90 and 120 7. Can the number 6n , n being a natural number
6. Find the HCF of 396, 504, 636. end with the digit 5? Give reason for your
7. Find the greatest number that will divide 445 and answer.
572 leaving remainders 4 and 5 respectively. 8. Find the HCF of 252525 and 363636.
8. Find the largest number which divides 1230 and 9. Find the LCM and HCF of 408 and 170 by
1926 leaving remainder 12 in each case. applying the fundamental theorem of arithmetic.
9. If d is the Highest Common Factor of 32 and 60, 10. Find the greatest number consisting of 6 digits
find x and y satisfying d = 32x + 60y . which is exactly divisible by 24,15,36?
10. A positive integer when divided by 88 gives the 11. What is the smallest number that when divided
remainder 61. What will be the remainder when by three numbers such as 35, 56 and 91 leaves
the same number is divided by 11? remainder 7 in each case?
11. We have 34 cakes. Each box can hold 5 cakes 12. Find the least number that is divisible by the first
only. How many boxes we need to pack and how ten natural numbers.
many cakes are unpacked? x1
13. If p1 , p 2 x 2 , p 3 x 3 , p 4 x 4 = 1 113400 where
12. Find the greatest number that will divide 445 and p 1 , p 2 , p 3 , p 4 are primes in ascending order and
572 leaving remainders 4 and 5 respectively.
x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 are integers, find the value of
13. If the Highest Common Factor of 210 and 55 is
p 1 , p 2 , p 3 , p 4 and x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4
expressible in the form 55325 x - , find x.
14. When the positive integers a, b and c are divided 2.3. MODULAR ARITHMETIC
by 13, the respective remainders are 9,7 and 10.
1. Find 8 º x (mod 4)
Show that a+b+c is divisible by 13.
2. Find -5 º x (mod 3)
15. Prove that two consecutive positive integers are
always coprime. 3. If 17º 4 (mod 13) and 42º3 (mod 13)Verify
16. Prove that the product of two consecutive (i) (a+c) ≡ (b+d) (mod m)
positive integers is divisible by 2. (ii) (a – c) ≡(b – d) (mod m)
17. Prove that square of any integer leaves the (iii) a×c ≡ b×d (mod m)
remainder either 0 or 1 when divided by 4.
4. If 59≡3 (mod 7), 46≡4 (mod 7) then find
18. Show that the square of an odd integer is of the
a) 105 ≡ _______ (mod 7)
form 41 q + , for some integer q.
b) 13 º _______ (mod 7)
2.2. FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF
ARITHMETIC c) 413 ≡ _______ (mod 7)
d) 368 ≡ _______ (mod 7).
1. In the given factor tree, find the numbers m and
n. 5. Find the least positive value of x such that

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 7 X std Mathematics Made Easy
a) 71 ≡ x (mod 8) 2.4. SEQUENCES
b) 78 + x ≡ 3 (mod 5) 1. Find next three terms of the following equence.
c) 89 ≡ (x + 3) (mod 4) i) 8, 24, 72, … ii) 5, 1,-3,…
d) 96 ≡ (x/7) (mod 5) 1 1 1
iii) 1/4, 2/9, 3/16,… iv) , , ,......
e) 5x ≡ 4 (mod 6) 2 6 14
f) 671 + x ≡ (mod 4) v)5,2, -1, -4, .... vi) 1, 0.1, 0.01, .....
g) 98 ≡ (x+4) (mod 5) 2. Find the first four terms of the sequences whose
nth terms are given by
6. Find the remainders when 70004 and 778 is
divided by 7. i) an = n3 −2 ii) an = (−1)n+1 n(n + 1)
7. Determine the value of d such that 15≡ 3 (mod d) iii) an = 2n2 - 6
8. If x is congruent to 13 modulo 17 then 7x -3 is 3. Find the first five terms of the following
congruent to which number modulo 17? sequence.
9. i)Solve 5x ≡ 4 (mod 6) an -1
a1 = 1, a2 = 1, an = ;n ³ 3
an - 2 + 3
ii) Solve 3x −2 ≡ 0 (mod 11)
iii) Solve 8 x ≡ 1 (mod 11) 4. Find the general term for the following sequences

10. Compute x, such that 104≡ x (mod 19) i) 3,6,9,.... ii) ½, 2/3, ¾, ...

11. What is the time 100 hours after 7 a.m.? iv) 5,-25, 125,......

12. What is the time 15 hours before 11 p.m.? 5. 3) Find the nth term of the following sequences

13. Find number of integer solutions of 3x≡1(mod 15) i) 2, 5, 10, 17,....... ii) 0, 1/2, 2/3, ............

14. Today is Tuesday. My uncle will come after 45 iii) 3, 8, 13, 18,...
days. In which day my uncle will be coming? 6. (4) Find the indicated terms of the sequences
15. Prove that 2n+ 6x 9n is always divisible by 7 for whose nth terms are given by
any positive integer n. i) an = 5n / (n + 2); a6 and a13
16. Find the remainder when 281 is divided by 17. ii) an = -(n2 - 4); a4 and a11
17. A man starts his journey from Chennai to Delhi 7. Find a8 and a15 whose nth term is
by train. He starts at 22.30 hours on Wednesday.
ìn2 - 1
If it takes 32 hours of travelling time and ï ; n is even, n Î N
assuming that the train is not late, when will he ïn+3
an = í 2
reach Delhi? ï n ; n is odd, n Î N
ïî 2n + 1
18. The duration of flight travel from Chennai to
London through British Airlines is approximately 8. The general term of a sequence is defined below.
11 hours. The airplane begins its journey on Find the eleventh and eighteenth terms.
Sunday at 23:30 hours. If the time at Chennai is ìn( n + 3); n Even, n Î N
four and half hours ahead to that of London’s an = í 2
în + 1; n Odd, n Î N
time, then find the time at London, when will the
flight lands at London Airport. 9. If a1 = 1, a2 = 1 and an = 2an - 1 + an - 2 n ≥ 3, n ∈
N, then find the first six terms of the sequence.
19. Kala and Vani are friends. Kala says, “Today is
my birthday” and she asks Vani, “When will you 2.5. Arithmetic Progression
celebrate your birthday?” Vani replies, “Today is
1. Check whether following sequences are in A.P.
Monday and I celebrated my birthday 75 days
ago”. Find the day when Vani celebrated her i) a - 3, a - 5, a -7,... ii) 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5........
birthday
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 8 X std Mathematics Made Easy
iii) 9, 13, 17, 21, 25,... iv) -1/3, 0, 1/3, 2/3......... temperatures from Wednesday to Friday is 18° C.
v) 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1,...........vi) x + 2, 2x + 3, 3x + 4 ,.... Find the temperature on each of the five days.
18. Priya earned ₹15,000 in the first month.
vii) 2, 4, 8, 16,….. viii) 3 2 ,5 2 ,7 2 ,9 2 ,....
Thereafter her salary increased by ₹1500 per year.
2. Write an A.P. whose first term is 20 and common Her expenses are ₹13,000 during the first year
difference is 8. and the expenses increases by ₹900 per year.
3. Find the first term and common difference of the How long will it take for her to save ₹20,000 per
Arithmetic Progressions whose nth terms are month.
given below 19. The ratio of 6th and 8th term of an A.P. is 7:9.
(i) tn = −3 +2n (ii) tn = 4 - 7n Find the ratio of 9th term to 13th term.

4. Find the 15th , 24th and nth term (general term) 20. If lth, mth and nth terms of an A.P. are x, y, z
of an A.P. given by 3, 15, 27, 39,… respectively, then show that

5. Find the 19th term of A.P. -11,-15,-19,... i) x(m - n ) + y( n - l ) + z(l - m) = 0

6. Determine the general term of an A.P. whose 7th ii) ( x - y )n + ( y - z)l + ( z - x )m = 0

term is −1 and 16th term is 17
2.6 Series
7. Find number of terms in 3, 6, 9, 12,…, 111.
1 1 3
8. Which term of an A.P. 16, 11, 6, 1,... is -54 ? 1. Find sum of 1st 15 terms of A. P. 8,7 ,6 ,5 ,...
4 2 4
9. Find middle term(s) of A.P. 9, 15, 21, 27,…,183.
2. Find the sum of 3,7,11,… up to 40 terms.
10. If nine times ninth term is equal to fifteen times
3. Find the sum of 102,97,92,… up to 27 terms
fifteenth term, show that six times twenty fourth
term is zero. 4. Find the sum of 0.40 + 0.43 + 0.46 + ..... + 1 .

11. If 3 + k, 18 - k, 5k + 1 are in A.P. then find k 5. Find the sum of 6+13+20+…..+97

12. Find x, y and z, given that the numbers x, 10, y, 6. How many terms of the series 1+5 +9 +... must
24, z are in A.P. be taken so that their sum is 190?

13. In a theatre, there are 20 seats in the front row 7. How many consecutive odd integers beginning
and 30 rows were allotted. Each successive row with 5 will sum to 480?
contains two additional seats than its front row. 5n 2 3n
How many seats are there in the last row? 8. In an A.P. the sum of first n terms is + .
2 2
14. In an A.P., sum of four consecutive terms is 28 Find the 17th term.
and their sum of their squares is 276. Find the 9. Find the sum of first 28 terms of an A.P. whose
four numbers. nth term is 4n – 3
15. Sum of three consecutive terms that are in A.P. is 10. The sum of first n terms of a certain series is given
27 and their product is 288. Find the three terms. as 2n2 – 3n. Show that the series is an A.P.
16. A mother devides ₹207 into three parts such that 11. The 104th term and 4th term of an A.P. are 125
the amount are in A.P. and gives it to her three and 0. Find the sum of first 35 terms.
children. The product of the two least amounts
12. 13th term of an A.P. is 3 and sum of first 13 terms
that the children had ₹4623. Find the amount
is 234. Find the common difference and the sum
received by each child.
of first 21 terms.
17. In a winter season let us take the temperature of
13. Find the sum of all natural numbers between 300
Ooty from Monday to Friday to be in A.P. The
and 600 which are divisible by 7.
sum of temperatures from Monday to
Wednesday is 0° C and the sum of the 14. Find the sum of all odd positive integers less than
450.

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 9 X std Mathematics Made Easy
15. Find the sum of all natural numbers between 602 i) 3,9,27,81,… ii) 4,44,444,4444,...
and 902 which are not divisible by 4. iii) 0.5,0.05,0.005,… iv)1/3, 1/6,1/12, ….
16. Raghu wish to buy a laptop. He can buy it by v) 1,-5, 25,-125, … vi) 120,60,30,18,…
paying ₹40,000 cash or by giving it in 10
vii)16, 4,1 ¼ ,…. viii) 7, 14, 21, 28, …
installments as ₹4800 in the first month, ₹4750 in
the second month, ₹4700 in the third month and ix) ½,1,2 4, ... x) 5, 25, 50, 75,
so on. If he pays the money in this fashion, find 2. Find the geometric progression whose first term
(i) total amount paid in 10 installments. and common ratios are given by
(ii) how much extra amount that he has to pay (i) a =−7 , r = 6 (ii) a = 256 , r = 0.5
than the cost? 3. Write the first three terms of the G.P. whose first
17. A man repays a loan of ₹65,000 by paying ₹400 in term and the common ratio are given below.
the first month and then increasing the payment
(i) a = 6, r = 3 (ii) a = 2,r= 2
by ₹300 every month. How long will it take for
him to clear the loan? (iii) a = 1000, r = 2/5

18. A mosaic is designed in the shape of an 4. Find the 8th term of the G.P. 9, 3, 1,…
equilateral triangle, 12 ft on each side. Each tile 5. In a G.P. 729, 243, 81,… find t 7.
in the mosaic is in the shape of an equilateral 6. Find x so that x + 6, x +12 and x +15 are
triangle of 12 inch side. Find the number of consecutive terms of a Geometric Progression.
tiles of each colour and total number of tiles in
the mosaic. 7. Find the number of terms in the following G.P.

19. The houses of a street are numbered from 1 to 1 1 1 1

i) 4,8,16,…,8192? ii) , , ,.....
49. Senthil’s house is numbered such that the sum 3 9 27 2187
of numbers of the houses prior to Senthil’s house 8. In a Geometric progression, the 4th term is 8/9
is equal to the sum of numbers of the houses 9. and the 7th term is 64/243 . Find the G.P.
following Senthil’s house. Find Senthil’s house
number? 10. In a G.P. the 9th term is 32805 and 6th term is
1215. Find the 12th term.
20. A brick staircase has a total of 30 steps. The
11. Find the 10th term of a G.P. whose 8th term is 768
bottom step requires 100 bricks. Each successive
and the common ratio is 2.
step requires two bricks less than previous step.
i) How many bricks are required for top most 12. If a, b, c are in A.P. show that 3a ,3b ,3c are in G.P.
step? 13. The product of three consecutive terms of a
(ii) How many bricks are required to build the Geometric Progression is 343 and their sum is
stair case? 91/3. Find the three terms.

21. The sum of first n, 2n and 3n terms of an A.P. are 14. In a G.P. the product of three consecutive terms is
S1S2 , and S3. Prove that S3= 3(S2 – S1) 27 and the sum of the product of two terms taken
at a time is 57/2. Find the three terms.
22. S1 , S2 , S3 ,....Sm are the sums of n terms of m
A.P.’s whose first terms are 1,2,3,…..m and whose 15. A man joined a company as Assistant Manager.
common differences are 1,3, 5,…2m – 1 show The company gave him a starting salary of
1 ₹60,000 and agreed to increase his salary 5%
that S1 + S2 + S3 ,... + Sm = mn( mn + 1) annually. What will be his salary after 5 years?
2
a - b 3a - 2b 5 a - 3b 16. The present value of a machine is ₹40,000 and its
23. Find sum + + + ....to 12 terms value depreciates each year by 10%. Find the
a+b a+b a+b
estimated value of the machine in the 6th year
2.7 Geometric Progression
17. Sivamani is attending an interview for a job and
1. Which of the following sequences are in G.P.? the company gave two offers to him. Offer A:
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 10 X std Mathematics Made Easy
₹20,000 to start with followed by a guaranteed they continue the process similarly. Assuming
annual increase of 6% for the first 5 years. Offer that the process is unaltered and it costs ₹2 to
B: ₹22,000 to start with followed by a guaranteed mail one letter, find the amount spent on postage
annual increase of 3% for the first 5 years. What is when 8th set of letters is mailed.
his salary in the 4th year with respect to the
15. Sn = ( x + y ) + ( x 2 + xy + y 2 ) + ( x 3 + xy 2 + x 2 y + y 3 ) + ....n
offers A and B?
+.....n terms then prove that
18. If a, b, c are three consecutive terms of an A.P.
é x 2 ( x n - 1) y 2 ( y n - 1) ù
and x, y, z are three consecutive terms of a G.P. ( x - yS n = ê - ú
then prove that x b -c ´ x c -a ´ x a -b = 1 ë x -1 y -1 û
2.9.SPECIAL SERIES
2.8 SUM TO N TERMS OF A G.P.
1. Find the sum of the following series
1. Find the sum of first n terms of the G.P. (i) 1+2+ 3+......+60
9 -27 (ii) 1+2+ 3+......+50
(i) 5, -3, , ,.... (ii) 256,64,16,…
5 25 (iii)2+4+6+......+80
2. Find the sum of first six terms of G.P. 5, 15, 45, … (iv)3+6+9+...+96
3. Find the sum of 8 terms of the G.P. 1,-3,9, -27, .. (v) 51+52+53+......+92
4. Find the first term of G.P. in which S6=4095 ,r = 4 (vi)16+17+18+......+75
5. How many terms of the series 1+4+16 ...... make 2. Find the sum of the following series
the sum 1365?
(i) 12+22+ 32+.......+192
6. Find the first term of the G.P. whose common
ratio 5 and whose sum to first 6 terms is 46872. (ii) 1+4 +9+16+.......+225

7. Find the sum to infinity of (iii)62+72+ 82+.......+212

28 (iv)152+162+ 172+.......+282
(i) 9+3 +1+...... (ii) 21 + 14 + + .....
3
3. Find the sum of the following series
1
iii) 3 + 1 + + .....¥
3 (i) 13+23+33+......+163
8. If the first term of an infinite G.P. is 8 and its sum
(ii) 93+103+113+......+213
to infinity is 32/3 then find the common ratio.
9. Find the sum to n terms of the series (iii)103+113+123+......+203

(i) 0.4+0.44+0.444 .. . to n terms 4. Find the sum of the following series

(ii) 3+33+333 +....... n terms (i) 1 +3+5+...... to 40 terms

(iii) 5+55+555 +....... n terms (ii) 1 +3+5+...... +55

10. Find the least positive integer n such that 1+6+ (iii)1+3+ 5+.........+71
62+....6n> 5000 5. If 1+2+ 3 +......+k=666 then find n
11. Find sum of Geometric series 3+6 +12+......+1536 6. If 1+2+ 3 +......+k=325, find 13+23+ 33+ 33+...+k3 .
12. Find the rational form of the number 7. 13+23+ 33+ 33+...+k3 =44100, find 1+2+ 3 +......+k
i) 0.123 ii) 0.6666 8. How many terms of the series 13+23+ 33+ 33+...
13. A person saved money every year, half as much should be taken to get the sum 14400?
as he could in the previous year. If he had totally 9. The sum of the squares of the first n natural
saved ₹ 7875 in 6 years then how much did he numbers is 285, while the sum of their cubes is
save in the first year? 2025. Find the value of n.
14. Kumar writes a letter to four of his friends. He 10. Rekha has 15 square colour papers of sizes 10 cm,
asks each one of them to copy the letter and mail 11 cm, 12 cm,…, 24 cm. How much area can be
to four different persons with the instruction that decorated with these colour papers?
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 11 X std Mathematics Made Easy
11. Find sum of series ( 23 - 1) + ( 43 - 33 + ( 63 - 153 + .... Vani’s grandfather was four times as old as Vani
then how old are they all now ?
to (i) n terms (ii) 8 terms
6. Te sum of the digits of a three-digit number is 11.
3.1.System of Linear Equations in Three If the digits are reversed, the new number is 46
Variables more than fve times the former number. If the
1. Solve the following system of linear equations in hundreds digit plus twice the tens digit is equal
three variables to the units digit, then fnd the original three digit
number ?
a) 3x - 2y + z = 2; 2x + 3y - z = 5; x + y + z = 6
7. There are 12 pieces of five, ten and twenty rupee
b) x + y + z = 5; 2x - y + z = 9 ; x - 2y + 3z = 16 currencies whose total value is ₹105. When first 2
1 2 1 1 2 3 sorts are interchanged in their numbers its value
c) - + 4 = 0 ; - + 1 = 0; + = 14
x y y z z x will be increased by ₹20. Find the number of
currencies in each sort.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 2
d) + - = ; = ; - + =2
2x 4 y 3z 4 x 3y x 5y z 15 3.2 GCD and LCM of Polynomials
x y z y z 1. Find the GCD of the polynomials
e) - 1 = + 1 = + 2; + = 13
2 6 7 3 2 a) x 3 + x 2 - x + 2 and 2 x 3 - 5x 2 + 5x - 3
3y
f) x + 20 = + 10 = 2z + 5 = 110 - ( y + z) b) 3x 3 + 3x 2 + 3x + 3 and 6x 3 + 12x 2 + 6x + 12
2
2. Discuss the nature of solutions of the following c) 6x 3 - 30x 2 + 60x - 48 and 3x 3 - 12x 2 + 21x - 18
system of equations 2. Find the GCD of the polynomials
a) x + 2 y - z = 5, x - y + z = -2,-5x - 4y + z = -11 a) x 4 + 3x 3 - x - 2 and x 3 + x 2 - 5x + 3
b) 3x + y - 3z = 1; - 2x - y + 2z = 1; - x - y + z = 2 b) x 4 - 1 and x 3 - 11x 2 + x - 11
c) x + 2 y - z = 6; - 3x - 2y + 5z = -12; x - 2z = 3
c) 3x 4 + 6x 3 - 12x 2 - 24x and 4x 4 + 14x 3 + 8x 2 - 8x
-1
d) 2y + z = 3( - x + 1); - x + 3y - z = -4; 3x + 2y + z = 3. Find the LCM of the following
2
a) 8x 4 y 2 ,48x 2 y 4
y+z z+x x+y
e) = = ; x + y + z = 27
4 3 2 b) 4x 2 y ,8x 3 y 2
3. In an interschool atheletic meet, with 24
c) - 9a 3 b 2 ,12 a 2 b 2 c
individual events, securing a total of 56 points, a
first place secures 5 points, a second place secures d) 16m, - 12m 2 n 2 ,8n 2
3 points, and a third place secures 1 point. 4. Find the LCM of the following
Having as many third place finishers as first and
a) 5x - 10, 5x 2 - 20
second place finishers, find how many athletes
finished in each place b) x 4 - 1, x 2 - 2x + 1
4. Sum of thrice the first number, second number c) p 2 - 3p + 2 , p 2 - 4
and twice the third number is 5. If thrice the
second number is subtracted from the sum of first d) 2x 2 - 5x - 3, 4x 2 - 36
number and thrice the third we get 2. If the third 5. Find the LCM of the following
number is subtracted from the sum of twice the
a) x 3 - 27 , ( x - 3) 2 , x 2 - 9
first, thrice the second, we get 1. Find numbers.
5. Vani, her father and her grand father have an b) ( 2x 3 - 3xy ) 2 , ( 4x - 6 y ) 3 , 8x 3 - 27 y 3
average age of 53. One-half of her grand father’s 3.3 Relationship between LCM and GCD
age plus one-third of her father’s age plus one
1. Find LCM &GCD. Verify f ( x ). g( x ) = LCM .GCD
fourth of Vani’s age is 65. Four years ago if

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 12 X std Mathematics Made Easy
a) 12x 2 y , 35xy 2 x+4 9x 2 - 16y 2
vi) ´ 2
3x + 4 y 2x + 3x - 20
b) 12( x 2 - y 2 ), 8( x 3 - y 3 )
x2 - y2 x 2 + 2xy + y 2
3
c) ( x - 1)(x + 1), ( x + 1) 3 vii) ´
3x 2 + 9xy + 6 y 2 x2 - y2
d) ( x 2 y + xy 2 ), ( x 2 + xy ) 2. Simplify
14x 4 7x x 2 - 16 x - 4
2. Find the LCM i) ¸ 4 ii) ¸
y 3y x+4 x+4
a) a 2 + 4a - 12 , a 2 - 5a + 6 whose GCD is a - 2
b 2 + 3b - 28 b 2 - 49
iii) ¸
b) x 4 - 27 a 3 x , ( x - 3a) 2 whose GCD is x - 3a b 2 + 4b + 4 b 2 - 5b - 14
x + 2 x2 - x - 6
3. Find the GCD iv) ¸
12( x 4 - x 3 ), 8( x 4 - 3x 3 + 2x 2 ) LCM is 24x 3 ( x - 1)(x - 2) 4y 12y 2

( x 3 + y 3 ), ( x 4 + x 2 y 2 + y 4 ), LCM ( x 3 + y 3 ), ( x 2 + xy + y 2 ) 16x 2 - 2x - 3 8x 2 + 11x + 3

v) ¸
3x 2 - 2 x - 1 3x 2 - 11x - 4
4. Given the LCM and GCD of the two polynomials
2 a 2 + 5a + 3 a 2 + 6a + 5
p(x) and q(x) find the unknown polynomial vi) ¸
3a 2 + 7 a + 6 - 5a 2 - 35a - 50
i) LCM : a 3 - 10 a 2 + 11a + 70 GCD : a - 7
12t 2 - 22t + 8 3t 2 + 2t - 8
p(x) : a 2 - 12 a + 35 q(x) = ? vii) ¸
3t 2t 2 + 4t
ii) LCM: ( x 2 + y 2 ) ( x 4 + x 2 y 2 + y 4 ) GCD : ( x 2 - y 2 )
a 2 + 3a - 4 a 2 + 2a - 8
4 4 2 2 3. If x = , y = find x 2 y -2
p(x) :? q(x) = ( x - y )(x - xy + y ) 2
3a - 3 2
2a - 2a - 4
3.4 Rational Expressions 4. If a polynomial p( x ) = x 2 - 5x - 14 is divided by
1. Reduce the rational expressions to its lowest form x-7
another polynomial q(x) we get , find q(x)
x -3 x 2 - 16 x+2
i) ii)
x2 - 9 x 2 + 8x + 16 3.6. Addition and Subtraction
x2 -1 x 2 - 11x + 18 1. Simplify
iii) iv)
x2 + x x 2 - 4x + 4 x 2 + 20x + 36 x 2 + 12x + 4
a) +
9x 2 + 81x p 2 - 3p - 40 x 2 - 3x - 28 x 2 - 3x - 28
v) vi)
x 3 + 8x 2 - 9x 2 p 3 - 24 p 2 + 64 p x(1 + x ) x(1 - x )
b) +
2. Find the excluded values, if any x-2 x-2
x + 10 7p + 2 x3 y3
i) ii) 2 c) +
8x 8p + 13p + 5 x-y y-x
x y ( 2x + 1)( x - 2) ( 2x 2 - 5x + 2 )
iii) 2 iv) d) -
x +1 y 2 - 25 x-4 x-4
t x 2 + 6x + 8 4x x +1
v) vi) e) 2 -
t 2 - 5t + 6 x2 + x - 2 x -1 x -1
x 3 - 27 2x 3 + x 2 + 3 1
vii) 3 f) 2 2
- 2
x + x 2 - 27 ( x + 2) x +2
3.5. Operations of Rational Expressions 1 1 1
g) 2
+ 2 - 2
1. Simplify x - 5x + 6 x - 3x + 2 x - 8x + 15
x 3 27 y x4b2 x 2 -1 2. Which rational expression should be subtracted
i) ´ ii) ´
9y 2 x 5 x -1 a 4b3 x 2 + 6x + 8 3
from 8
to get 2
4x 2 y 6xz 2 5t 3 6t - 12 x +8 x - 2x + 4
iii) ´ iv) ´ 2x + 1 2x - 1 1 2B
2z 2 20y 4 4t - 8 10t 3. If A = ,B = find - 2
2x - 1 2x + 1 A - B A - B2
p 2 - 10 p + 21 p 2 + p - 12 2 2 2
v) ´ 4. A = x , B = 1 , prove ( A + B) - ( A - B) = 2( x + 12)
p-7 ( p - 3) 3 x +1 x +1 A¸B x( x + 1)

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 13 X std Mathematics Made Easy
5. Pari needs 4 hours to complete a work. His friend 4x 2 20x 30 y 9y 2
a) + + 13 - + 2
Yuvan needs 6 hours to complete the same work. y2 y x x
How long will it take to complete if they work x 2 10 x 10 y y 2
b) - + 27 - + 2
together? y2 y x x
6. Iniya bought 50 kg of fruits consisting of apples 3. Find a and b if the following are perfect squares
and bananas. She paid twice as much per kg for a) 9x 4 + 12x 3 + 28x 2 + ax + b
the apple as she did for the banana. If Iniya
b) 4x 4 - 12x 3 + 37x 2 + bx + a
bought ₹ 1800 worth of apples and ₹ 600 worth
c) ax 4 + bx 3 + 361x 2 + 220x + 100
bananas, then how many kgs of each fruit did she
d) x 4 - 8x 3 + ax 2 + bx + 16
buy?
1 6 13 a
3.7 Square Root of Polynomials e) 4 - 3 + 2 + + b
x x x x
1. Find the square root of the following expressions 3.9 Quadratic Equations
a) 256( x - a )8 (x - b ) 4 ( x - c )16 ( x - d ) 20
1. Find zeroes of the expression x 2 + 8x + 12
8 8 8
121( a + b ) ( x + y ) ( b - c ) 2. Determine the quadratic equations, whose sum
b)
81(b - c ) 4 ( a - b )12 ( b - c ) 4 and product of roots are
144a 8 b 12 c 16 a) 9,14 b) -9,20 5
c) c) ,4
81 f 12 g 4 h 14 3
-3 -7 5 -3 -1
400x 4 y 12 z16 d) , -1 e) , f) ,
d) 2 2 2 5 2
100x 8 y 4 z 4
g) - ( 2 - a) 2 , ( a + 5) 2
2. Find the square root of the following expressions
3. Find the sum and product of the roots
a) 4x 2 + 20x + 25
2
a) x 2 + 8x - 65 = 0 b) 2x 2 + 5x + 7 = 0
7 x + 2 14x + 2
b) c) x 2 + 3x - 28 = 0 d) x 2 + 3x = 0
1 1
x2 - x + 1 10 f) 3y 2 - y - 4 = 0
2 16 e) 3 + =
a a2
1 2
c) 1 + 6 + 3 g) kx 2 - k 2 x - 2k 3 = 0
x x
d) ( 4x - 9x + 2 )(7x 2 - 13x - 2)(28x 2 - 3x - 1)
2 3.10 Solving Quadratic Equations
1. Solve by factorization method
e) (6x 2 + x - 1)(3x 2 + 2x - 1)(2 x 2 + 3x + 1)
a) 4x 2 - 7 x - 2 = 0
17 3 4 11
f) ( 2x + x + 1)( x 2 + 4x + 2)( x 2 + x + 2)
2
b) 2m 2 + 19m + 30 = 0
6 2 3 3
c) 2x 2 - 2 6x + 3 = 0
g) d) 2x 2 + 7 x + 5 2 = 0
3. Find the square root of the following expressions
e) x 4 - 13x 2 + 42 = 0
a) 16x 2 + 9y 2 - 24y 2 + 24x - 18y + 9
f) 3( p 2 - 6) = p( p + 5)
b) 9x 2 - 24xy + 30xz - 40yz + 25z 2 + 16 y 2
g) a(a - 7 ) = 3 2
3.8. Square Root by Division Method
1
1. Find the square root of h) 2x 2 - x + =0
8
a) 64x 4 - 16x 3 + 17x 2 - 2x + 1 x x -1 1
i) + =2
b) x 4 - 12x 3 + 42x 2 - 36x + 9 x -1 x 2
c) 37 x 2 - 28x 3 + 4x 4 + 42x + 9 2. Solve by completing the square method
d) 16x 4 + 8x 2 + 1 a) x 2 - 3x - 2 = 0
e) 121x 4 - 198x 3 - 183x 2 + 216x + 144 b) 2x 2 - x - 1 = 0
2. Find the square root of c) 9x 2 - 12x + 4 = 0

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 14 X std Mathematics Made Easy
5x + 7 8. A bus covers a distance of 90 km at a uniform
d) = 3x + 2
x -1 speed. Had the speed been 15 km/hour more it
3. Solve by Formula method would have taken 30 minutes less for the journey.
a) x 2 + 2x - 2 = 0 Find the original speed of the bus.
b) 2x 2 - 5x + 2 = 0 9. If the difference between a number and its
c) 2
2 x - 3x - 3 = 0 24
reciprocal is , find the number.
d) 3y 2 - 20 y - 23 = 0 5
10. A garden measuring 12m by 16m is to have a
e) 2f 2 - 6f +3 2 = 0
pedestrian pathway that is ‘w’ meters wide
f) 3p 2 + 2 5 p - 5 = 0 installed all the way around so that it increases
g) 36 y 2 - 12ay + ( a 2 - b 2 ) = 0 the total area to 285 m2. What is the width of the
pathway?
h) pqx 2 - ( p + q ) 2 x + ( p + q ) 2 = 0
11. A pole has to be erected at a point on the
3.11 Problems Involving Quadratic boundary of a circular ground of diameter 20 m
Equations in such a way that the difference of its distances
1. The product of Kumaran’s age (in years) two from two diametrically opposite fixed gates P
years ago and his age four years from now is one and Q on the boundary is 4 m. Is it possible to do
more than twice his present age. What is his so? If answer is yes at what distance from the two
present age? gates should the pole be erected?
2. A girl is twice as old as her sister. Five years 12. Music is been played in two opposite galleries
hence, the product of their ages (in years) will be with certain group of people. In the first gallery a
375. Find their present ages. group of 4 singers were singing and in the second
3. A ladder 17 feet long is leaning against a wall. If gallery 9 singers were singing. The two galleries
the ladder, vertical wall and the floor from the are separated by the distance of 70 m. Where
bottom of the wall to the ladder form a right should a person stand for hearing the same
triangle, find the height of the wall where the top intensity of the singers voice? (Hint: The ratio of
of the ladder meets if the distance between the sound intensity is equal to the square of the
bottom of the wall to bottom of the ladder is 7 ratio of their corresponding distances).
feet less than the height of the wall? 13. There is a square field whose side is 10 m. A
4. The hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is 25 cm square flower bed is prepared in its centre
and its perimeter 56 cm. Find the length of the leaving a gravel path all round the flower bed.
smallest side. Total cost of laying the flower bed and gravelling
5. A flock of swans contained x2 members. As the the path at ₹3 , ₹4 per square metre respectively
clouds gathered, 10x went to a lake and one- is ₹364. Find the width of the gravel path.
eighth of the members flew away to a garden. 14. Two women together took 100 eggs to a market,
The remaining three pairs played about in the one had more than the other. Both sold them for
water. How many swans were there in total? the same sum of money. The first then said to the
6. From a group of 2x2 black bees , square root of second: “If had your eggs, I would have earned
half of the group went to a tree. Again eight-ninth ₹15”, to which the second replied: “If I had your
of the bees went to the same tree. The remaining 2
eggs, I would have earned ₹ 6 . How many
two got caught up in a fragrant lotus. How many 3
bees were there in total? eggs did each had in the beginning?
7. A passenger train takes 1 hr more than an express 3.12. Nature of Roots
train to travel a distance of 240 km from Chennai 1. Determine the nature of roots
to Virudhachalam. The speed of passenger train a) x 2 - x - 20 = 0
is less than that of an express train by 20 km per b) 9x 2 - 24x + 16 = 0
hour. Find the average speed of both the trains. c) 2x 2 - 2x + 9 = 0

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 15 X std Mathematics Made Easy
d) 15x 2 + 11x + 2 = 0 5. If one root of the equation 2 y 2 - ay + 64 = 0 is
e) x 2 - x - 1 = 0 twice the other then find the values of a.
f) 2t 2 - 3t + 3 2 = 0 6. If one root of the equation 3x 2 + kx + 81 = 0
g) 9y 2 - 6 2 y + 2 = 0 (having real roots) is the square of the other then
find k.
h) 9a 2 b 2 x 2 - 24 abcdx + 16c 2 d 2 = 0
7. If the difference between the roots of the equation
2. Find the value(s) of ‘k’ for which the roots of the
following equations are real and equal. x 2 - 13x + k = 0 is 17 find k.
a) kx 2 - (8k + 4 ) + 81 = 0 8. If α, β are the roots of 7x 2 + ax + 2 = 0 and if
-13
b) (5k - 6)x 2 + 2kx + 1 = 0 b -a = . Find the values of a.
7
c) kx 2 + ( 6k + 2)x + 16 = 0 9. If α and β are roots of 2x 2 - x - 1 = 0 form the
3. Find the values of ‘k’ such that quadratic equation equation whose roots are
has no real roots? ( k + 9 )x 2 + ( k + 1)x + 1 = 0 1 1
i) + ii) a 2 b and b 2 a
4. Prove that x 2 ( p 2 + q 2 ) + 2 x( pr + qs) + r 2 + s 2 = 0 has a b
no real roots. If ps = qr , then show that the roots iii) 2a + b , 2b + a
are real and equal. 10. The roots of the equation x 2 + 6x - 4 = 0 are α, β.
5. If the roots of ( a - b )x 2 + (b - c )x + (c - a) = 0 are Find the quadratic equation whose roots are
real and equal, then prove that b, a, c are in 2 2
i) a 2 and b 2 ii) and
arithmetic progression. a b
2 2
6. If a, b are real then show that the roots of the iii) a b and b a
equation ( a - b )x 2 - 6( a + b )x - 9( a - b) = 0 are real 3.13. Nature of Solution of Quadratic
and unequal. Equations Graphically
7. If the roots of (c 2 - ab)x 2 - 2( a 2 - bc )x + b 2 - ac = 0 1. Discuss the nature of solutions of the following
are real and equal prove that either quadratic equations.
a = 0 or a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc
i) x 2 + x - 12 = 0 ii) x 2 - 8x + 16 = 0
3.13 Relation b/w Roots and Coefficients
iii) x 2 + 2x + 5 = 0 iv) x 2 - 9x + 20 = 0
1. Write each of the following expression in terms of
v) x 2 - 4x + 4 = 0 vi) x 2 + x + 7 = 0
a + b and ab
vii) x 2 - 9 = 0 viii) x 2 - 6x + 9 = 0
a b 1 1
i) + ii) 2 + 2 ix) ( 2x - 3)( x + 2 ) = 0
3b 3a a b b a
a +3 b +3 2. Draw y = 2x 2 and solve 2x 2 - x - 6 = 0
iii) (3a - 1)(3b - 1) iv) +
b a 3. Draw y = x 2 + x - 2 and solve x 2 + x - 2 = 0
2
2. The roots of the equation 2x - 7x + 5 = 0 are α
4. Draw y = x 2 - 4x + 3 and solve x 2 - 6x + 9 = 0
and β. Without solving for the roots, find
1 1 a b 5. Draw y = x 2 - 4 and solve x 2 - x - 12 = 0
i) + ii) +
a b b a 6. Draw y = x 2 + x and solve x 2 + 1 = 0
a +2 b +2
iii) + 7. Draw y = x 2 + 3x + 2 and solve x 2 + 2x + 1 = 0
b +2 a +2
3. If are α and β are the roots of x 2 + 7x + 10 = 0 find 8. Draw x 2 - 5x - 6 = 0 and solve x 2 - 5x - 14 = 0
the values of 9. Draw y = 2x 2 - 3x - 5 and solve 2x 2 - 4x - 6 = 0
i) a - b ii) a 2 + b 2
10. Draw y = ( x - 1)(x + 3) and solve x 2 - x - 6 = 0
iii) a 3 - b 3 iv) a 4 + b 4
Matrices
a b a2 b2
v) + vi) + 1. Consider the following information regarding the
b a b a
number of men and women workers in three
4. If α and β are the roots of 3x 2 + 7x - 2 = 0 , find
factories I, II and III.
the values of
Factory Men Women
a b a2 b2
i) + ii) +
b a b a I 23 18

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 16 X std Mathematics Made Easy
II 47 36 æ 1 2 3ö æ1 7 0ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
III 15 16 a) A = ç 4 5 6 ÷ , B = ç 1 3 1 ÷
ç7 8 9÷ ç2 4 0÷
Represent the above information in the form of a è ø è ø
matrix. What does the entry in the second row æ 22 15 14 23 ö æ 20 38 15 40 ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
and first column represent? b) A = ç 50 62 21 30 ÷, B = ç 18 12 17 80 ÷
ç 53 80 32 40 ÷ ç 81 47 52 18 ÷
2. If a matrix has 16 elements, what are the possible è ø è ø
orders it can have?
æ 1 3 - 2ö æ1 8ö
3. If a matrix has 18 elements, what are the possible ç ÷ ç ÷
c) A = ç 5 - 4 6 ÷, B = ç 3 4 ÷
orders it can have? What if it has 6 elements? ç- 3 2
è 9 ÷ø ç9 6÷
è ø
4. In the matrix, write
é8 9 4 3ù æ1 9 ö
ê 3 ú ç ÷
ê- 1 7 5ú 2. verify that A + ( - A) = ( - A) + A = 0 if A = ç 3 4 ÷
ê1 2 ç8 - 3÷
4 3 0ú è ø
ê ú
êë 6 8 - 11 1úû 3. verify that A + B = B + A if
(i) The number of elements
æ1 9 ö æ5 7ö
(ii) The order of the matrix ç ÷ ç ÷
A = ç 3 4 ÷, B = ç 3 3 ÷
(iii) Write the elements a11 , a 23 , a 24 , a 34 , a 43 , a 44 ç 8 - 3÷ ç1 0 ÷
è ø è ø
5. Construct a 3 ´ 3 matrix whose elements are
4. verify that A + ( B + C ) = ( A + B) + C if
( i + j )3
i. aij = i 2 j 2 ii. aij =| i - 2 j | iii. aij =
3 æ4 3 1 ö æ 2 3 4ö æ8 3 4ö
6. find the transpose of A. ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
A = ç 2 3 - 1 ÷, B = ç 1 9 2 ÷,C = ç 1 - 2 3 ÷
æ 5 4 3ö æ 5 3 - 1ö ç 1 0 - 4÷ ç - 7 1 - 1÷ ç 2 4 - 1÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ è ø è ø è ø
i. A = ç 1 - 7 9 ÷ ii. A = ç 2 8 9 ÷
ç 3 8 2÷ ç- 4 7 5 ÷ 5. Find 2A+B.
è ø è ø
æ 7 8 6ö æ4 11 - 3 ö
7. Find the transpose of -A. ç ÷ ç ÷
A = ç 1 3 9 ÷, B = ç - 1 2 4 ÷
æ 7 - 3ö
æ2 - 4 9 ö ç ÷ ç - 4 3 - 1÷ ç7 5 0 ÷ø
i. A = çç ÷÷ ii. A = ç - 5 2 ÷ è ø è
è 5 - 3 - 1ø çç ÷÷ 6. Find 4A - 3B
è 3 - 5ø æ 5 4 - 2ö æ-7 4 - 3ö
T T T ç1 3 ÷ ç 1 7 ÷
8. Verify A =A A=ç 2 ÷, B = ç 3 ÷
æ 5 2 2ö çç 2 4 ÷÷ çç 4 2 ÷
ç æ 1 5ö 1 9 4 è 5 - 6 9 ÷ø
5÷ ç ÷ è ø
i. A = ç - 17 0.7 ÷ ii. A = ç 8 9 ÷ 7. find the value of (i) B -5A (ii) 3A - 9B if
çç 2÷ ç 4 3÷
8 3 1 ÷ è ø æ 0 4 9ö æ7 3 8ö
è ø A = çç ÷÷ , B = çç ÷
9. Find the value of a, b, c, d from the equation è8 3 7ø è1 4 9 ÷ø
æ a - b 2a + c ö æ 1 5 ö 1 3
çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷ 8. compute i ) 3A + 2B - C ii ) A - B
è 2a - b 3c + d ø è 0 2 ø 2 2
10. Find the values of x, y and z from equations æ1 8 3ö æ 8 - 6 - 4ö æ5 3 0ö
ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
æ12 3 ö æ y z ö æ x + y 2 ö æ 6 2ö A = ç 3 5 0 ÷, B = ç 2 11 - 3 ÷, C = ç - 1 - 7 2 ÷
i. ç x 3 ÷ = çç ÷ ii. çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
ç ÷ è 3 5 ÷ø è 5 + z xy ø è 5 8 ø
ç8 7 6÷ ç0 1 5 ÷ø ç1 4 3 ÷ø
è 2ø è ø è è
æ x + y + zö æ 9ö æ 7 0ö æ 3 0ö
ç ÷ ç ÷ 9. Find X and Y if X + Y = çç ÷÷ , X - Y = çç ÷÷
iii. ç x + z ÷ = ç 5 ÷ è 3 5ø è 0 4ø
ç y + z ÷ ç 7÷
è ø è ø 10. Find the value of a, b, c, d, x, y from the following
3.17. Operations on Matrices matrix equation
1. Find A+B.

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 17 X std Mathematics Made Easy
æ d 8ö æ 3 a ö æ2 2a ö æ 0 1 ö æ 2 1 öæ x ö æ 4 ö
çç ÷÷ + çç ÷÷ = çç ÷+ç ÷ 6. Solve çç ÷÷çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
è 3b a ø è - 2 - 4 ø è b 4c ÷ø çè - 5 0 ÷ø è 1 2 øè y ø è 5 ø
11. Find the values of x, y, z if 7. Show that (AB)C = A(BC) , If
æ x -3 3x - z ö æ1 0ö
çç ÷÷ = çç ÷ æ1 - 1ö
è x + y + 7 x + y + z ø è1 6 ÷ø ç ÷ æ1 2 ö
i) A = 1 - 1 1 , B = ç 2 1 ÷,C = çç ÷÷
12. Find the values of x, y, z if ç1 3 ÷ è 2 - 1ø
è ø
x y - z z + 3 + y 4 3 = 4 8 16
æ1 2 ö æ4 0ö æ2 0ö
13. Find the values of x, y if ii) A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷, C = çç ÷÷
è1 3 ø è1 5 ø è1 2 ø
æ 4 ö æ - 2 ö æ 4ö
xçç ÷÷ + y çç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷ 8. Verify that A (B + C) = AB + AC.
è - 3ø è 3 ø è6ø
æ 1 2ö æ 1 2ö æ- 7 6ö
14. Find the non-zero values of x i) A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷,C = çç ÷÷
è - 1 3ø è - 4 2ø è 3 2ø
æ 2x 2 ö æ 8 5x ö æ x 2 + 8 24 ö
xçç ÷÷ + 2çç ÷÷ = 2çç ÷ æ1 3 ö æ1 - 1 2 ö æ 1 3 2ö
è 3 x ø è 4 4x ø è 10 6x ÷ø ii) A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷,C = çç ÷÷
è 5 - 1ø è3 5 2ø è - 4 1 3ø
15. Solve for x, y
9. Show that (AB)T = B T A T . If
æ x 2 ö æ - 2x ö æ - 5 ö
ç 2 ÷ + 2ç
ç y ÷ ç - y ÷÷ = çç 8 ÷÷ æ 2 - 1ö
è ø è ø è ø æ1 2 1ö ç ÷
i) A = çç ÷÷, B = ç - 1 4 ÷
3.18.Multiplication of Matrices è 2 - 1 1ø ç 0 4 ÷ø
1. Find the order of the product matrix AB if è
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) æ1 7 ö
æ5 2 9ö ç ÷
Orders of A 3×3 4×3 4×2 4×5 1×1 ii) A = çç ÷÷, B = ç 1 2 ÷
è1 2 8 ø ç 5 - 1÷
Orders of B 3×3 3×2 2×2 5×1 1×3 è ø
2. If A is of order p ´ q and B is of order 10. Prove that A.A T = I ,If
q ´ r what is the order of AB and BA? æ cos q sin q ö
A = çç ÷
3. A has ‘a’ rows and a + 3 columns. B has‘b’
è - sin q cos q ÷ø
rows and 17 –b columns, and if both products
æ1 2 ö æ4 0 ö æ2 0 ö
AB, BA exist, find a, b? 11. A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷, C = çç ÷÷ Show that
è1 3 ø è1 5 ø è1 2 ø
4. Find AB ,If
i. (A - B) C = AC - BC
æ8 3 1ö ii. (A - B)T = A T - B T
æ1 2 0 ö ç ÷
A = çç ÷÷, B = ç 2 4 1÷
è3 1 5ø ç5 3 12. Show that A 2 + B 2 = I. If
è 1 ÷ø
æ cos q 0 ö æ sin q 0 ö
5. Show that A, B satisfy commutative property A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷
è 0 cos q ø è 0 sin q ÷ø
with respect to matrix multiplication.
13. Verify that A 2 = I when
or
Find AB, BA . Check if AB = BA ,if æ5 - 4 ö
A = çç ÷÷
è6 - 5 ø
æ2 1ö æ2 0ö
i) A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷ 14. Show that A 2 - ( a + d ) A = (bc - ad ) I2 ,If
è 1 3ø è1 3 ø
æa bö æ1 0 ö
æ 2 - 2 2 ö÷ æ 2
ç 2 2 ö÷ A = çç ÷÷, I = çç ÷÷
ii) A = çç , B =
2 ÷ø ç- 2 2 ÷ø è c dø è0 1ø
è 2 è
15. show that A 2 - 5 A + 7 I 2 = 0 if
æ 2 5ö æ1 - 3 ö
iii) A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷
æ 3 1ö
è4 3ø è2 5 ø A = çç ÷÷
æ1 2 ö æ 1 - 2ö è- 1 2ø
iv) A = çç ÷÷, B = çç ÷÷
è3 1 ø è- 3 1 ø

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 18 X std Mathematics Made Easy
4.1. Similar Triangles 7. In figure, ΔACB~ΔAPQ. If BC=8 cm, PQ=4cm,
BA=6.5cm and AP=2.8cm, find CA and AQ.
1. Show that ΔPST~ΔPQR

8. Two triangles QPR and QSR, right angled at P

and S respectively are drawn on the same base
2. Is ΔABC ~ ΔPQR? QR and on the same side of QR. If PR and SQ
intersect at T, prove that PT × TR= ST × TQ.
9. In the given figure, Δ is right angled at C and
DE^AB. Prove that ΔABC~ΔADE and hence
find the lengths of AE and DE.

3. Check whether the which triangles are similar

and find the value of x.

10. If figure OPRQ is a square and MLN=90°.

Prove that (i) ΔLOP~ΔQMO (ii) ΔLOP~ΔRPN
(iii) ΔQMO~ΔRPN (iv) QR2 =MQ ×RN.

4. Observe the figure and find ÐP

11. The perimeters of two similar triangles ABC

and PQR are respectively 36 cm and 24cm . If
PQ=10cm, find AB.
12. If ΔABC is similar to ΔDEF such that BC=3cm,
5. In the figure ÐA=ÐCED prove that EF=4cm and area of ΔABC=54cm2. Find the
ΔCAB~ΔCED. Also find the value of x. area of ΔDEF.
13. If ΔABC~ΔDEF such that area of ΔABC is 9cm
and the area of ΔDEF is16 cm 2and BC=2.1cm.
Find the length of EF.
14. A vertical stick of length 6m casts a shadow
400cm long on the ground and at the same time
a tower casts shadow 28m long. Using
6. In the figure, QA and PB are perpendicular to similarity, find the height of the tower.
AB. If AO=10cm, BO=6cm, PB=9cm. Find AQ. 15. A boy of height 90cm is walking away from the
base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.2m/sec. If
the lamp post is 3.6m above the ground, find
the length of his shadow cast after 4 seconds.
16. Two poles of height ‘a’ meter and ‘b’ meter are
‘p’ meter apart. Prove that the height of the
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 19 X std Mathematics Made Easy
point of intersection of the lines joining the top 4. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB|| DC and P,
of each pole to the foot of the opposite pole is Q are points on AD and BC respectively, such
ab thatPQ ||DC if PD = 18cm, BQ = 35cm and QC
given by meter.
a+b = 15cm, find AD.
17.A girl looks the reflection of the top of the lamp
5. In the fig, if PQ ÐBC and PR ÐCD prove that
post on the mirror which is 66m away from the
foot of the lamp post. The girl whose height is AR AQ QB DR
i) = ii) =
12.5m is standing 2.5m away from the mirror. AD AB AQ AR
Assuming the mirror is placed on the ground
facing the sky and the girl, mirror and the
lamppost are in a same line, find the height of
the lamppost.
18.Two vertical poles of heights 6m and 3m are
erected above a horizontal ground AC. Find the
6. Rhombus PQRB is inscribed in ΔABC such that
value of y.
B is one of its angle. P,Q and R lie on AB, AC
and BC respectively. If AB = 12cm and BC =
6cm, find the sides PQ, RB of the rhombus.
7. In trapezium ABCD, ABPDC, E and F are
points on non-parallel sides AD and BC
respectively,such that EFPAB. Show that
4.2. Basic Proportionality Theorem &
AE BF
Angle Bisector Theorem =
ED FC
1. In ΔABC, D and E are points on the sides AB 8. In figure DEPBC and CDPEF. Prove that
and AC respectively such thatDE P BC
AD 2 = AB×AF .
AD 3
(i) If = and AC = 15cm find AE.
DB 4
(ii) If AD = 8x – 7, DB = 5x – 3, AE = 4x – 3 and
EC = 3x – 1, find the value of x.
iii) AD = x, DB = x − 2, and EC = x − 1 find the
lengths of the sides AB and AC. 9. In the given fig, AD is the bisector of ÐA.If BD
2. In ΔABC, D and E are points on the sides AB = 4cm, DC = 3cm and AB = 6cm, find AC.
and AC respectively. For each of the following
casesshow that DE P BC.

i) AB= 12cm, AD = 8cm, AE = 12cm, AC = 18cm

ii) AB=5.6cm,AD=1.4cm,AC= 7.2cm,AE= 1.8cm.
iii) AB=5.6cm, AD=1.4cm,AC=7.2cm,AE=1.8 cm
BE BC 10. In ΔABC, AD is the bisector of ÐA meeting side
3. In Fig. DEPAC , DCPAP. Prove that =
EC CP BC at D, if AB = 10cm, AC = 14cm and BC
=6cm, find BD and DC.
11. In the given fig AD is the bisector of ÐBAC, if
AB = 10cm, AC = 14cm and BC = 6cm. Find BD
and DC.

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 20 X std Mathematics Made Easy
many meters would be saved if it were possible
to make a way through the pond?
4. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 6m more
than twice of the shortest side. If the third side
is 2m less than the hypotenuse, find the sides
of the triangle.
12.Check whether AD is bisector of ÐA of ΔABC in 5. 5 m long ladder is placed leaning towards a
each of the following vertical wall such that it reaches the wall at a
point 4m high. If the foot of the ladder is moved
(i) AB = 5cm, AC = 10cm,BD = 1.5cm and CD = 1.6m towards the wall, then find the distance
3.5cm. by which the top of the ladder would slide
(ii) AB = 4cm, AC = 6cm, BD = 1.6cm and CD = upwards on the wall.
2.4cm. 6. An insect 8m away initially from the foot of a
13.In the given figure ÐQPR=90°, PS is its lamp post which is 6 m tall, crawls towards it
moving through a distance. If its distance from
bisector. If ST ^ PR, prove that the top of the lamp post is equal to the distance
ST×(PQ+PR)=PQ×PR it has moved, how far is the insect away from
the foot of the lamp post?
7. What length of ladder is needed to reach a
height of 7 ft along the wall when the base of
the ladder is 4 ft from the wall? Round off your
answer to the next tenth place.
14.ABCD is quadrilateral in which AB = AD, the 8. An Aeroplane leaves an airport and flies due
bisector of ÐBAC and ÐCAD intersect the sides north at a speed of 1000 km/hr. At the same
time, another aeroplane leaves same airport
BCand CD at the points E and F respectively.
and flies due west at a speed of 1200 km/hr.
Prove that EF P BD.
How far apart will be two planes after 1 hours?
4.3. Pythagoras Theorem 9. In the rectangle WXYZ, XY + YZ = 17 cm, and
1. A man goes 18m due east and then 24m due XZ + YW = 26 cm. Calculate the length and
north. Find the distance of his current position breadth of the rectangle?
from the starting point?
2. There are two paths that one can choose to go
from Sarah’s house to James house. One way is
to take C street, and the other way requires to
take A street and then B street. How much 10. The perpendicular PS on the base QR of a
shorter is the direct path along C Street? ΔPQR intersects QR at S, such that QS = 3SR .
(Using figure). Prove that 2PQ 2 = 2PR 2 + QR 2

11. In the adjacent figure, ABC is a right angled

triangle with right angle at B and points D, E
trisect BC. Prove that 8AE2 = 3AC2 + 5AD2 .

3. To get from point A to point B you must avoid

walking through a pond. You must walk 34 m
south and 41m east. To the nearest meter,how

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 21 X std Mathematics Made Easy
12.P and Q are mid-points of the sides CA and CB and OT intersects the circle E, if AB is the
respectively of a ΔABC, right angled at C. tangent to the circle at E, find the length of AB.
Prove that 4 ( AQ2 + BP2 ) = 5AB2

4.4. Circles and Tangents

1. Find the length of the tangent drawn from a
point whose distance from the centre of a circle
is 5cm and radius of the circle is 3cm.
2. The length of the tangent to a circle from a 10. If radii of two concentric circles are 4cm and
point P, which is 25cm away from the centre is 5cm then find the length of the chord of one
24cm. What is the radius of the circle? circle which is a tangent to the other circle.
3. i) In fig, ΔABC is circumscribing a circle. Find 11. In two concentric circles, a chord of length
the length of BC. 16cm of larger circle becomes a tangent to the
ii) A circle is inscribed in ΔABC having sides smaller circle whose radius is 6cm. find the
8cm, 10cm and 12cm find AD, BE and CF radius of the larger circle.
12. Two circles with centres O and O of radii 3cm
and 4cm, respectively intersect at two points P
and Q, such that OP and O P are tangents to
the two circles. Find the length of the common
chord PQ.
13. Show that in a triangle medians are concurrent
14. Show that the angle bisectors of a triangle are
4. ΔLMN is a right angled triangle with L=90°. A
concurrent.
circle is inscribed in it. The lengths of the sides
containing the right angle are 6cm and 8cm. 15. Suppose AB, AC ,BC have
Find the radius of the circle. lengths 13, 14 and 15
respectively. If
5. In fig O is the centre of a circle. PQ is a chord
AF 2 CE 5
and the tangent PR at P makes an angle of 50° = , = Find BD
FB 3 EA 8
with PQ. Find ÐPOQ.
and DC.
16. In figure,ABC is a triangle
with B=90°,BC=3cm and
AB=4cm. D is point on AC
such that AD =1cm and E is
the mid-point of AB. Join D
and E and extend DE to meet
6. A tangent ST to a circle touches it at B. AB is a
CB at F. Find BF.
chord such that ÐABT = 65°.Find ÐAOB,
where “O” is the centre of the circle. 17. In ΔABC, with B=90°, BC = 6cm and AB = 8cm,
D is a point on AC such that AD = 2cm and E is
7. PQ is a chord of length 8cm to a circle of radius
the mid-point of AB. Join D to E and extend it
5cm. The tangents at P and Q intersect at a
to meet at F. find BF.
point T. Find the length of the tangent TP.
18. An artist has created a triangular stained glass
8. PQ is a tangent drawn from a point P to a circle
window and has one strip of small length left
with centre O and QOR is a diameter of the
before completing the window. She needs to
circle such that ÐPOR=120°. Find ÐOPQ.
figure out the length of left out portion based
9. In the fig, O is the centre of the circle with on the lengths of the other sides as shown in
radius 5cm. T is a point such that OT=13cm the figure.

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 22 X std Mathematics Made Easy
4. In each of the following, find the value of ‘a’ for
which the given points are collinear.
(i) (2, 3), (4, a) , (6, – 3)
(ii) (a, 2 – 2a), (–a + 1, 2a) , (– 4 – a, 6 – 2a )
5. i) If P(–1, – 4), Q ( b, c ) & R(5, – 1) are collinear
and if 2b+c = 4 , then find thevalues of b,c.
ii) If the points A(-3, 9) , B (a, b) , C(4,-5) are
collinear and if a+b =1 , then find a and b.
6. Find area of quadrilateral whose vertices are at
19.In a garden containing several trees, three (i) (–9, – 2), (–8, – 4), (2, 2) , (1, – 3)
particular trees P,Q,R are located in the (ii)(–9, 0), (–8, 6), (–1, – 2) , (–6, – 3)
following way, BP=2m, CQ=3m, RA=10 m,
(iii) (8, 6), (5, 11), (–5,12) & (– 4, 3)
PC=6 m, QA=5 m, RB=2 m, where A,B,C are
points such that P lies on BC, Q lies on AC and 7. Find the value of k, if the area of a
R lies on AB. Check whether the trees P,Q,R lie quadrilateral is 28 sq. units, whose vertices are
on a same straight line. (–4, – 2), (–3, k ), (3, – 2) and (2, 3) .
8. Let P(11,7) , Q(13.5, 4) , R(9.5, 4) be the
midpoints of the sides AB, BC and AC
respectively of ΔABC. Find the coordinates of
the vertices A, B and C. Hence find the area of
ΔABC and compare this with area of ΔPQR.
9. In the fig, the quadrilateral swimming pool
shown is surrounded by concrete patio. Find
5.1. Area of a Triangle the area of the patio.
1. Find area of the triangle formed by the points
(i) (1, – 1), (–4, 6) & (–3, – 5)
ii) (–10, – 4), (–8, – 1) & (–3, – 5)
iii) (-3,5) , (5,6) & (5,-2).
2. Vertices of given triangles are taken in order
and their areas are provided asideF ind value
of ‘p’.
Vertices Area(Sq.units)
i (0, 0), ( p, 8), (6, 2) 20 10. In the figure, find the area of
ii ( p, p ), (5, 6), (5, – 2) 32
iii A(–1, 2) , B( p , – 2) , C(7, 4) 22

3. Determine whether the points are collinear?

æ -1 ö
i) ç ,3 ÷, (–5, 6) , (–8, 8)
è2 ø
ii) ( a, b + c ), ( b, c + a ) , ( c, a + b)
iii) P( 1.5, 3), Q(6, 2), R( 3,4) (i) ΔAGF (ii) ΔFED (iii) quadrilateral BCEG.

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 23 X std Mathematics Made Easy
11.The floor of a hall is covered with identical (i) (5, 5 ) with origin
titles which are in the shapes of triangles. One
such triangle has vertices at (ii) (sinθ, - cosθ) & ( - sinθ, cosθ)
(– 3, 2) , (–1, – 1) , (1,2) . If the floor of the hall is 4. The line r passes through the points (–2, 2) and
completely covered by 110 titles, find the area (5,8) and the line s passes through the points
of the floor. (–8,7) and (–2, 0) Is the line perpendicular to s?
5. The line p passes through the points
(3, – 2), (12,4) and the line passes through the
points (6, – 2), (12, 2) . Is parallel to q?
6. What is the slope of a line perpendicular to the
line joining A(5,1) and P where P is the mid-
point of the segment joining (4,2) ( – 6,4)
7. Show that the given points are collinear.
12.The given diagram shows a plan for a) (– 3, – 4), (7, 2),(12, 5).
constructing a new parking lot at a camus. It is
b) (–2, 5), (6, – 1), (2, 2)
estimated that such construction would cost
Rs1300 per sq. ft. What will be the total cost for 8. If the three points (3, – 1), ( a, 3), (1,–3) are
making the parking lot? collinear, find the value of a.
9. The line through the points (-2, a ) ,(9, 3) has
-1
slope . Find the value of a.
2
10. The line through the points (-2, 6) & (4, 8) is
perpendicular to the line through the points
(8, 12) & ( x, 24) . Find the value of x.
11. Without using Pythagoras theorem, show that
the points (1,-4) , (2, – 3) , (4, – 7) form a right
angled triangle.
13.A triangular shaped glass with vertices at 12. Show that the given points form a right angled
A( -5,-4) , B(1,6) , C(7,-4) has to be painted. If triangle and check whether they satisfies
one bucket of paint covers 6 sq. ft., how many Pythagoras theorem
buckets of paint will be required to paint the
(i) A (1, – 4), B (2, – 3) & C (4, – 7)
whole glass, if only one coat of paint is applied.
(ii) L (0, 5), M (9, 12) & N (3, 14)
5.2.Slope of a Straight line
13. A(1, – 2), B (6, – 2), C(5,1), D (2, 1) be four point
1. What is the slope of line whose inclination
(i)Find slope of the line segment (a) AB (b) CD
(i) 90° (ii) 0° (iii) 30°
(ii) Find slope of the line segment (a) BC (b)AD
2. What is the inclination of a line whose slope is
(iii) What can you deduce from your answer.
(i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) 3
14. Show that the given points form a
3. Find the slope of a line joining the given points parallelogram
(i) (– 6, 1) and (– 3, 2) A (2.5, 3.5), B (10, – 4), C (2.5, – 2.5) & D (– 5, 5)
15. If A (2, 2), B (–2, – 3), C (1, – 3) & D ( x, y ) form a
æ -1 1 ö æ 2 3 ö
(ii) ç , ÷, ç , ÷
è 3 2ø è7 7 ø parallelogram, then find the value of x and y.

(iii) (14, 10) and (14, – 6) 16. Let A (3, – 4), B (9, – 4), C (5, – 7) & D(7, – 7)
Show that ABCD is a trapezium.
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 24 X std Mathematics Made Easy
17.A quadrilateral has vertices at. -5
ii) slope and passing through (3, – 4)
A (-4,-2)B(5, -1) , C(6, 5) & D(–7, 6) Show that 7
the mid-points of its sides form a 5. Find the equation of line through pair of points
parallelogram.
æ 2 ö æ -1 ö
18.PQRS is a rhombus. Its diagonals PR and QS (i) ç 2, ÷, ç ,-2 ÷ (ii) (2, 3) , (–7, – 1)
è 3 øè 2 ø
intersects at the point M and satisfy QS = 2PR .
If the coordinates of S and M are (1, 1) & (2, – 1) (iii) (5, – 3) , (7, – 4)
respectively. Find the coordinates of P. 6. Find the equation of a line whose intercepts on
19.Prove analytically that the line segment joining the x and y axes are given below.
the mid-points of two sides of a triangle is 3
i) 4, – 6 ii) – 5,
parallel to the third side and is equal to half of 4
7. Find the slope and y intercept of
its length.
20.Consider graph representing growth of i) 3 x + (1 – 3 ) y = 3 . ii) 8 x - 7 y + 6 = 0
population (in crores). Find the slope of the line iii) 2( x - y ) + 5 = 0
AB and estimate population in the year 2030?
8. Find the intercepts made by the following lines
on the coordinates axes.
(i) 3 x - 2 y - 6 = 0 (ii) 4 x + 3 y + 12 = 0
(iii) 4 x - 9 y + 36 = 0

9. Find the equation of a straight line which is

(i) passing through (1,-4) and has intercepts
which are in the ratio 2:5
(ii) passing through (-8, 4) and making equal
intercepts on the coordinate axes
(iii) making positive intercepts on coordinate
axes whose sum is 7 and passes through (–
3, 8)
(iv) passing through (5,7) and makes intercepts
5.3.Straight line on the axes equal in magnitude but opposite
in sign.
1. Find the equation of a straight line passing
through (5,7) and is 10. You are downloading a song. The percent y (in
decimal form) of mega bytes remaining to get
(i) parallel to X axis (ii) parallel to Y axis.
downloaded in x seconds is y = - 0.1 x + 1 .
2. Find the equation of a straight line passing (i) graph the equation.
through the mid-point of a line segment joining (ii) find the total MB of the song.
the points (1,–5), (4,2) and parallel to (iii) after how many seconds will 75% of
(i) X axis (ii) Y axis. the song gets downloaded?
3. Find the equation of a straight line whose (iv) after how many seconds the song will
be downloaded completely?
(i) slope is 5 and y intercept is – 9
11. Graph relates temperatures y (in Fahrenheit
(ii) Inclination is 45° and y intercept is 11.
degree) to temperatures x (in Celsius degree)
(iii) inclination is 30° and intercept -3 on Y axis (a) Find the slope and y intercept
4. Find the equation of a straight line which has (b) Write an equation of the line
(c) What is the mean temperature of the earth
-5
i) slope and passing through (-1, 2) in Fahrenheit degree if its mean
4
temperature is 25° Celsius?

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 25 X std Mathematics Made Easy
16. A circular garden is bounded by East Avenue
and Cross Road. Cross Road intersects North
Street at D and East Avenue at E. AD is
tangential to the circular garden at A(3, 10).
Using the figure.
(a) Find the equation of
(i) East Avenue. (ii) North Street
(iii) Cross Road
(b) Where does the Cross Road intersect the
(i) East Avenue ? (ii) North Street ?

12.Two buildings of different heights are located

at opposite sides of each other. If a heavy rod is
attached joining the terrace of the buildings
from (6, 10) to (14, 12) ), find the equation of the
rod joining the buildings ?

5.4. General Form of a Straight Line

1. Find the slope of the straight line
3
i) 6 x+ 8 y +7 = 0 ii) 5 y - 3 = 0 iii) 7x - = 0
17
2. Find the slope of the line which is parallel to
i) 3x - 7 y = 11 ii) y = 0.7x - 1
13.A mobile phone is put to use when the battery
power is 100%. The percent of battery power ‘y’ 3. Find slope of the line which is Perpendicular to
(in decimal) remaining after using the mobile i) 3x - 7 y = 11 ii) x = - 11 ,
phone for x hours is assumed as y = - 0 .25 x +1
(i) Draw a graph of the equation. 4. Show that given straight lines are parallel.
(ii) Find the number of hours elapsed if i) 2x + 3 y - 8 = 0, 4 x + 6 y +18 = 0
thebattery power is 40%. x y 1 2x y 1
ii) + + = 0, + + =0
(iii) How much time does it take so that the 3 4 7 3 2 10
battery has no power? 5. Show that given straight lines are
14.A cat is located at the point ( -6,-4) in xy plane. perpendicular.
A bottle of milk is kept at (5,11). The cat wish
i) x - 2 y + 3 = 0, 6 x + 3 y + 8 = 0
to consume the milk travelling through
ii) 5x + 23 y + 14 = 0, 23x - 5 y + 9 = 0
shortest possible distance. Find the equation of
the path it needs to take its milk. 6. i) If 12x - 7 y = 16, 12 y = - (p + 3 ) x + 12 are
15.The hill in the form of a right triangle has its perpendicular, then find ‘p’.
foot at (19, 3) . The inclination of the hill to the
ii) Find the value of ‘a’, if the line through
ground is 45˚. Find the equation of the hill (-2, 3) , (8, 5) is perpendicular to y = ax + 2
joining the foot and top.
7. Find the equation of a straight line which is
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 26 X std Mathematics Made Easy
i) parallel to the line 3x - 7 y = 12 and passing 6.1. Trignometric Identities
through the point (6,4).
1. Prove the following identities.
4 i) cot q + tan q = sec q cosec q
ii) perpendicular to the line y = x - 7 and
3 ii) sec q - cos q = tanq sin q
passing through the point (7, - 1) .
iii) tan 4q + tan 2q = sec 4q - sec 2q
8. Find the equation of a straight line iv) tan 2 q - sin 2 q = tan 2 q sin 2 q
i) passing through P (5, - 2) and parallel to the 2. Prove the following identities.
line joining the points Q (3, - 2), R ( -5, 4) 1 - tan 2q
i) = tan 2q
cot 2q - 1
ii) passing through A(1,4) and perpendicular to
secq sin q
the line joining points (2,5) , (4,7) . ii) - = cotq
sin q cosq
ii) passing through (6,-2) and perpendicular to 3. Prove the following identities.
the line joining the points (6,7) and (2,−3) cosq
i) = secq - tanq
9. Find equation of a straight line parallel to Y 1 + sinq
axis and passing through point of intersection sin q 1 - cosq
ii) =
of lines 4 x + 5 y= 13 , x - 8 y + 9 = 0 . 1 + cosq sinq
1 + sinq
10.The line joining the points A(0,5) and B(4,1) is iii) = secq + tanq
a tangent to a circle whose centre C is at the 1 - sinq
point (4,4) (i) Find the equation of the line AB 1 + coq
iv) = cosecq + cotq
(ii)Find the equation of the line through C 1 - cosq
which is perpendicular to the line AB (iii)Find 4. Prove the following identities.
the coordinates of the point of contact of sin A sin A
i) + = 2 cos ecA
tangent line AB with the circle. 1 + cos A 1 - cos A
11.Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector sin A - sin B cos A - cos B
ii) + =0
of the line joining the points A( -4, 2) , B(6,-4) cos A + cos B sin A + sin
1 + sinq 1 - sinq
12.Find the equation of a straight line through the iii) + = secq
intersection of lines 7 x + 3 y = 10 , 5x - 4 y = 1 1 - sinq 1 + sinq
sin A cot A
and parallel to the line 13x + 5 y + 12 = 0 iv) + =1
sec A + tan A - 1 cos ecA + cot A - 1
13.Find the equation of a straight line through the 5. Prove the following identities.
intersection of lines 5x - 6 y = 2 , 3x + 2 y = 10 i) sec 6q = tan 6q + 3tan 2q sec 2q + 1
and perpendicular to the line 4 x - 7 y + 13 = 0 ii) (sinq + secq )2 + (cosq + cosecq ) 2
14.Find equation of a straight line joining point of = 1 + (secq + cosecq ) 2
intersection of 3x + y + 2 = 0 , x - 2 y - 4 = 0 to sin 2 A cos 2 B + cos2 A sin 2 B
point of intersection of 7x - 3 y = -12 ,2 y = x + 3 . iii)
+ cos2 A cos 2 B + sin 2 A sin 2 B = 1
15.Find the equation of a straight line through the 6. Prove the following identities.
point of intersection of the lines i) sec 4q (1 - sin 4q ) - 2tan 2q = 1
8x + 3 y = 18, 4 x + 5 y = 9 and bisecting the line
cot θ - cosθ cosecθ - 1
segment joining the points (5,–4) and (–7,6). ii) =
cotθ + cosθ cosecθ + 1
16.i) Find the equation of the median and altitude iii) (cos ecθ - sin θ)(secθ - cosq )(tan q + cot q ) = 1
of ΔABC through A where the vertices are sin 2 A - sin 2 B
A(6,2) , B( -5,-1) , C(1,9) iv) tan 2 A - tan 2 B =
cos 2 A cos2 B
ii) A(-3, 0) B(10,-2) , C(12, 3) are vertices of 2
æ 1 + tan 2 A ö æ 1 - tan A ö
ΔABC. Find equation of the altitude through v) çç 2
÷=ç
÷ ÷
è 1 + cot A ø è 1 + cot A ø
A and B.

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 27 X std Mathematics Made Easy
(1 + cot A + tan A)(sin A - cos A) the top of the tower is 30°. Find the height of
vi) = sin 2 A cos2 A
sec3 A - cos ec 3 A the tower.
7. Prove the following identities. 4. A kite is flying at a height of 75 m above the
sin 3 A + cos 3 A sin 3 A - cos3 A ground. The string attached to the kite is
i) + =2
sin A + cos A sin A - cos A temporarily tied to a point on the ground. The
cos3 A - sin 3 A cos 3 A + sin 3 A inclination of the string with the ground is 60°.
ii) - = 2 sin A cos A
cos A - sin A cos A + sin A Find the length of the string, assuming that
there is no slack in the string.
8. i) If sinθ + cosθ = 3 then prove that
tanθ + cotθ = 1 5. A road is flanked on either side by continuous
rows of houses of height 4 3 m with no space in
ii) If 3 sinq - cos q = 0 then prove that
between them. A pedestrian is standing on the
3tanq - tan 3q median of the road facing a row house. The
tan 3q =
1 - 3tan 2q angle of elevation from the pedestrian to the
iii) cosq + sin q = 2 cos q then prove that top of the house is 30°. Find the width of road.
cosq - sin q = 2 sin q 6. Two ships are sailing in the sea on either sides
cosa sin a of a lighthouse. The angle of elevation of the
9. i)If = m, = n then prove that top of the lighthouse as observed from the ships
cosb sin b
are 30° and 45°respectively. If the lighthouse is
(m 2 + n 2 ) cos 2 b = n 2
200 m high, find the distance between the two
cos 2 θ sin 2 θ ships.
ii) If = p, = q then prove that
cos 2 θ sin 2 θ 7. From a point on the ground, the angles of
p 2q 2 ( p 2+ q 2 + 3) = 1 elevation of the bottom and top of a tower fixed
10. i) If sin q+ cos q= p , sec q+ cos ecq =q then at the top of a 30 m high building are 45° and
60° respectively. Find the height of the tower. (
prove that q ( p 2 - 1) = 2 p
3 = 1.732)
ii) If x = cotq + tanq , y = secq - cos q prove that
8. A statue 1.6 m tall stands on the top of a
2 2
pedestal. From a point on the ground, the angle
x2y 3 xy 2 3 =1
of elevation of the top of the statue is 60° and
cosq 1 a2 - 1 from the same point the angle of elevation of
11. i)If = then prove that 2 = sin q
1 + sinq a a +1 the top of the pedestal is 40°. Find the height
p2 - 1 of the pedestal. (tan 40° = 0.8391)
ii) If cos ecq + cot q = p prove that cos q =
p2 + 1 9. A flag pole ‘h’ metres is on the top of the
7.2. Angle Of Elevation hemispherical dome of radius ‘r’ metres. A man
1. Calculate the size of ∠BAC in given triangles. is standing 7 m away from the dome. Seeing
the top of the pole at an angle 45° and moving 5
m away from the dome and seeing the bottom
of the pole at an angle 30° . Find (i) the height
of the pole (ii) radius of the dome.

2. Find angle of elevation of the top of a btower

from a point on the ground, which is 30 m away
from the foot of a tower of height 10 3 m.
10.To a man standing outside his house, the
3. A tower stands vertically on the ground. From angles of elevation of the top and bottom of a
a point on the ground, which is 48 m away from window are 60° and 45° respectively. If the
the foot of the tower, the angle of elevation of height of the man is 180 cm and if he is 5 m
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 28 X std Mathematics Made Easy
away from the wall, what is the height of the 7.3 Angle Of Depression
window? ( 3 = 1.732 )
1. A player sitting on the top of a tower of height
11.A vertical pole fixed to the ground is divided in 20 m observes the angle of depression of a ball
the ratio 1 : 9 by a mark on it with lower part lying on the ground as 60° . Find the distance
shorter than the upper part. If the two parts between the foot of the tower and the ball
subtend equal angles at a place on the ground,
2. From the top of a rock 50 3 m high, the angle
25 m away from the base of the pole, what is
the height of the pole? of depression of a car on the ground is observed
to be 30°. Find the distance of the car from the
12.A TV tower stands vertically on a bank of a rock.
canal. The tower is watched from a point on
theother bank directly opposite to it. The angle 3. The horizontal distance between two buildings
of elevation of the top of the tower is 58°. From is 140 m. The angle of depression of the top of
the first building when seen from the top of the
another point 20 m away from this point on the
line joining this point to the foot of the tower, second building is 30° . If the height of the first
building is 60 m, find the height of the second
the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is
30°. Find the height of the tower and the width building.
of the canal. (tan58° = 1.6003) 4. The horizontal distance between two buildings
13.A traveler approaches a mountain on highway. is 70 m. The angle of depression of the top of
He measures the angle of elevation to the peak the first building when seen from the top of the
second building is 45°. If the height of the
at each milestone. At two consecutive
milestones the angles measured are 4° and 8°. second building is 120 m, find the height of the
first building.
What is the height of the peak if the distance
between consecutive milestones is 1 mile. (tan 5. From the top of a tower 50 m high, the angles
4° = 0.0699, tan 8° = 0.1405) of depression of the top and bottom of a tree are
14.An aeroplane sets off from G on a bearing of observed to be 30° and 45° respectively. Find
24°towards H, a point 250 km away. At H it the height of the tree.
changes course and heads towards J on a 6. As observed from the top of a 60 m high light
bearing of 55° and a distance of 180 km away. house from the sea level, the angles of
a) How far is H to the North of G? depression of two ships are 28° and 45°. If one
ship is exactly behind the other on the same
b) How far is H to the East of G? side of the lighthouse, find the distance
c) How far is J to the North of H? between the two ships
d) How far is J to the East of H? 7. From the top of the tower 60 m high the angles
of depression of the top and bottom of a vertical
15.Two trees are standing on flat ground. The
lamp post are observed to be 38° and 60°
angle of elevation of the top of both the trees
respectively. Find the height of the lamp
from a point X on the ground is 40°. If the
post(tan 38 ° =0.7813
horizontal distance between X and the smaller
tree is 8 m and the distance of the top of the 8. An aeroplane at an altitude of 1800 m finds
two trees is 20 m, calculate that two boats are sailing towards it in the
same direction. The angles of depression of the
(i)the distance between the point X and the top
boats as observed from the aeroplane are 60°
of the smaller tree.
and 30° respectively. Find the distance between
(ii) the horizontal distance between the two the two boats.
trees. (cos 40° = 0.7660)
9. A man is watching a boat speeding away from
16.The top of a 15 m high tower makes an angle of the top of a tower. The boat makes an angle of
elevation of 60° with the bottom of an electronic depression of 60° with the man’s eye when at a
pole and angle of elevation of 30° with the top distance of 200 m from the tower. After 10
of the pole. What is the height of electric pole? seconds, the angle of depression becomes 45°.
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 29 X std Mathematics Made Easy
What is the approximate speed of the boat (in street are q1 and q2 respectively. Show that the
km / hr), assuming that it is sailing in still æ cot q2 ö
water? height of the opposite house is hçç1 + ÷
è cot q1 ÷ø
10.From the top of a lighthouse, the angle of
depression of two ships on the opposite sides of 6. If the angle of elevation of a cloud from a point
it are observed to be 30° and 60°. If the height ‘h’ metres above a lake is q1 and the angle of
of the lighthouse is h meters and the line depression of its reflection in the lake is q2 .
joining the ships passes through the foot of the Prove that the height that the cloud is located
lighthouse, show that the distance between the æ tan q 2 + tan q1 ö
4h from the ground is hçç ÷
÷
ships is è tan q 2 - tan q11 ø
3
7. The angle of elevation of the top of a cell phone
11.A lift in a building of height 90 feet with
tower from the foot of a high apartment is 60°
transparent glass walls is descending from the
and the angle of depression of the foot of the
top of the building. At the top of the building,
tower from the top of the apartment is 30° . If
the angle of depression to a fountain in the
the height of the apartment is 50 m, find the
garden is 60°. Two minutes later, the angle of
height of the cell phone tower. According to
depression reduces to 30°. If the fountain is
radiations control norms, the minimum height
30 3 feet from the entrance of the lift, find the of a cell phone tower should be 120 m. State if
speed of the lift which is descending. the height of the above mentioned cell phone
7. Problems Involving Angle Of tower meets the radiation norms
8. Three villagers A, B and C can see each other
Elevation And Depression
across a valley. The horizontal distance
1. From the top of a 12 m high building, the angle between A and B is 8 km and the horizontal
of elevation of the top of a cable tower is 60° distance between B and C is 12 km. The angle
and the angle of depression of its foot is 30°. of depression of B from A is 20° and the angle
Determine the height of the tower. of elevation of C from B is 30°. Calculate :
2. From the top of a tree of height 13 m the angle i) vertical height between A and B
of elevation and depression of the top and
ii) vertical height between B and C.
bottom of another tree are 45° and 30°
respectively. Find the height of the second tree (tan20° = 0.3640,

3. A man is standing on the deck of a ship, which

is 40 m above water level. He observes the
angle of elevation of the top of a hill as 60° and
the angle of depression of the base of the hill as
30°. Calculate the distance of the hill from the
ship and the height of the hill.
4. A pole 5 m high is fixed on the top of a tower.
The angle of elevation of the top of the pole 9. Angles of elevation and depression of the top
observed from a point ‘A’ on the ground is 60° and bottom of a lamp post from the top of 66 m
and the angle of depression to the point ‘A’ high apartment are 60° and respectively. Find
from the top of the tower is 45°. Find the height (i) The height of the lamp post.
of the tower.
(ii) The difference between height of the lamp
5. From a window (h metres high above the post and the apartment.
ground) of a house in a street, the angles of
(iii) The distance between the lamp post and
elevation and depression of the top and the foot
the apartment
of another house on the opposite side of the

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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 30 X std Mathematics Made Easy
7.1. Surface Area 13. If the total surface area of a cone of radius 7cm
1. A cylindrical drum has a height of 20 cm and is 704 cm2, then find its slant height.
base radius of 14 cm. Find its curved surface 14. From a solid cylinder whose
area and the total surface area. height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4
2. The curved surface area of a right circular cm, a conical cavity of the same
cylinder of height 14 cm is 88 cm2. Find the height and base is hollowed out
diameter of the cylinder. Find the total surface area of the
remaining solid
3. The radius and height of a cylinder are in the
ratio 5 : 7 and its curved surface area is 5500 15. Find the diameter of a sphere whose surface
sq.cm. Find its radius and height. area is 154 m2.

4. A garden roller whose length is 3 m long and 16. The radius of a spherical balloon increases from
whose diameter is 2.8 m is rolled to level a 12 cm to 16 cm as air being pumped into it.
garden. How much area will it cover in 8 Find the ratio of the surface area of the
revolutions? balloons in the two cases.

5. If one litre of paint covers 10 m2, how many 17. The radius of a sphere increases by 25%. Find
litres of paint is required to paint the internal the percentage increase in its surface area.
and external surface areas of a cylindrical 18. If the base area of a hemispherical solid is 1386
tunnel whose thickness is 2 m, internal radius sq. metres, then find its total surface area?
is 6 m and height is 25 m.
19. Internal and external radii of hollow hemi
6. A solid iron cylinder has total surface area of spherical shell are 3 m and 5 m respectively.
1848 sq.m. Its curved surface area is five – Find the T.S.A. and C.S.A. of the shell
sixth of its total surface area. Find the radius
20. The internal and external diameters of a hollow
and height of the iron cylinder.
hemispherical vessel are 20 cm and 28 cm
7. The external radius and the length of a hollow respectively. Find the cost to paint the vessel
wooden log are 16 cm and 13 cm respectively. If all over at ` 0.14 per cm2.
its thickness is 4 cm then find its T.S.A.
21. A sphere, a cylinder and a cone are of the same
8. The radius of a conical tent is 7 m and the radius, where as cone and cylinder are of same
height is 24 m. Calculate the length of the height. Find ratio of their curved surface areas.
canvas used to make the tent if the width of the
rectangular canvas is 4 m?
9. A right angled triangle PQR where ∠Q = 900 is
rotated about QR and PQ. If QR = 16 cm and
PR = 20 cm, compare the curved surface areas
of the right circular cones so formed by the 22. The slant height of a frustum of a cone is 5 cm
triangle and the radii of its ends are 4 cm and 1 cm.
10.4 persons live in a conical tent whose slant Find its curved surface area
height is 19 cm. If each person require 22 cm2 of 23. An industrial metallic bucket is in the shape of
the floor area, then find the height of the tent. the frustum of a right circular cone whose top
11.A girl wishes to prepare birthday caps in the and bottom diameters are 10 m and 4 m and
form of right circular cones for her birthday whose height is 4 m. Find the curved and total
party, using a sheet of paper whose area is surface area of the bucket
5720 cm2, how many caps can be made with 24. The frustum shaped outer
radius 5 cm and height 12 cm. portion of the table lamp
has to be painted including
12.The ratio of the radii of two right circular cones
the top part. Find the total
of same height is 1 : 3. Find the ratio of their
cost of painting the lamp if
curved surface area when the height of each
the cost of painting 1 sq.cm is ` 2.
cone is 3 times the radius of the smaller cone.
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 31 X std Mathematics Made Easy
7.2. Volume of the above is carved out. Find the radius of
1. Find the volume of a cylinder whose height is 2 the new hemisphere.
m and whose base area is 250 m2. 14. Calculate the weight of a hollow brass sphere if
2. The volume of a cylindrical water tank is 1.078 the inner diameter is 14 cm and thickness is
×106 litres. If the diameter of the tank is 7 m, 1mm, and whose density is 17.3 g/ cm
find its height.
3. Find the volume of the iron used to make a 15. If the radii of the circular ends of a frustum
hollow cylinder of height 9 cm and whose which is 45 cm high are 28 cm and 7 cm, find
internal and external radii are 21 cm and 28 the volume of the frustum
cm respectively. 16. If the ratio of radii of two spheres is 4 : 7, find
4. For the cylinders A and B find out the cylinder the ratio of their volumes
whose volume is greater. verify whether the 17. A solid sphere and a solid hemisphere have
cylinder with greater volume has greater total equal total surface area. Prove that the ratio of
surface area.(iii) find the ratios of the volumes their volume is 3 3 : 4
of the cylindersA and B
18. The outer and the inner surface areas of a
5. A 14 m deep well with inner diameter 10 m is
spherical copper shell are 576p cm2 and 324p
dug and the earth taken out is evenly spread
cm2 respectively. Find the volume of the
all around the well to form an embankment of
material required to make the shell
width 5 m. Find the height of the embankment.
19. A container open at the top is in the form of a
6. A cylindrical glass with diameter 20 cm has
frustum of a cone of height 16 cm with radii of
water to a height of 9 cm. A small cylindrical
its lower and upper ends are 8 cm and 20 cm
metal of radius 5 cm and height 4 cm is
respectively. Find the cost of milk which can
immersed it completely. Calculate the raise of
completely fill a container at the rate of ` 40
the water in the glass?
per litre.
7. The volume of a solid right circular cone is
7.3. Combined Solids
11088cm3. If its height is 24 cm then find the
radius of the cone. 1. A toy is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted
by a hemisphere. The height of the toy is 25
8. If the circumference of a conical wooden piece is cm. Find the total surface area of the toy if its
484 cm find volume when its height is 105 cm. common diameter is 12 cm.
9. The ratio of the volumes of two cones is 2 : 3. 2. A jewel box is in the shape
Find the ratio of their radii if the height of of a cuboid of dimensions
second cone is double the height of the first.. 30 cm × 15 cm × 10 cm
10.A conical container is fully filled with petrol. surmounted by a half part
of a cylinder as shown in
The radius is 10m and the height is 15 m. If
the container can release the petrol through its the figure. Find the volume
bottom at the rate of 25 cu.meter per minute, and T. S.A. of the box.
in how many minutes the container will be 3. Arul has to make arrangements for the
emptied. Round off answer to nearest minute. accommodation of 150 persons for his family
function. For this purpose, he plans to build a
11.A right angled triangle whose sides are 6 cm, 8
cm and 10 cm is revolved about the sides tent which is in the shape of cylinder
surmounted by a cone.
containing the right angle in two ways. Find
the difference in volumes of the two solids so 4. Each person occupies 4 sq. m of space on
formed ground and 40 cu. meter of air to breathe.
12.Volumes of two cones of same base radius are What should be height of the conical part of
the tent if the height of cylindrical part is 8 m?.
3600 cm3 and 5040 cm3. Find ratio of heights.
5. A funnel consists of a frustum of a cone
13.The volume of a solid hemisphere is 29106 cm3.
attached to a cylindrical portion 12 cm long
Another hemisphere whose volume is two-third
attached at the bottom. If the total height be 20
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 32 X std Mathematics Made Easy
cm, diameter of the cylindrical portion be 12 cm a hemisphere. The diameters of the frustum
and the diameter of the top of the funnel be 24 are 5 cm and 2 cm. The height of the entire
cm. Find the outer surface area of the funnel. shuttle cock Conversion of Solids A metallic
6. A hemispherical section is cut out sphere of radius 16 cm is melted and recast
from one face of a cubical block such into small spheres each of radius 2 cm. How
that the diameter l of the many small spheres can be obtained?
hemisphere is equal to side length 7.4.Conversion of Solids
of the cube. Determine the surface area of the
remaining solid. 1. A cone of height 24 cm is made up of modeling
clay. A child reshapes it in the form of a
7. A vessel is in the form of a hemispherical bowl
cylinder of same radius as cone. Find the
mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter is
height of the cylinder.
14 cm and the height of the vessel is 13 cm.
Find the capacity of the vessel. 2. A right circular cylindrical container of base
radius 6 cm and height 15 cm is full of ice
8. Nathan, made a model shaped like a cylinder
cream.
with two cones attached at its two ends. The
diameter of the model is 3 cm and its length is 3. The ice cream is to be filled in cones of height 9
12 cm. If each cone has a height of 2 cm, find cm and base radius 3 cm, having a
the volume of the model that Nathan made. hemispherical cap. Find the number of cones
needed to empty the container.
9. From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm
diameter 1.4 cm, a cone of the same height and 4. An aluminium sphere of radius 12 cm is melted
same diameter is carved out. Find the volume to make a cylinder of radius 8 cm. Find the
of the remaining solid to the nearest cm3. height of the cylinder.

10.A solid consisting of a right 5. Water is flowing at the rate of 15 km per hour
circular cone of height 12 cm through a pipe of diameter 14 cm into a
and radius 6 cm standing on a rectangular tank which is 50 m long and 44 m
hemisphere of radius 6 cm is wide. Find the time in which the level of water
placed upright in a right in the tanks will rise by 21 cm.
circular cylinder full of water 6. A conical flask is full of water. The flask has
such that it touches the bottom. base radius r units and height h units, the
11.Find the volume of the water displaced out of water poured into a cylindrical flask of base
the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is 6 radius xr units. Find the height of water in the
cm and height is 18 cm. cylindrical flask.

12.A capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two 7. A solid right circular cone of diameter 14 cm
hemisphere stuck to each of its ends. If the and height 8 cm is melted to form a hollow
length of the entire capsule is 12 mm and the sphere. If the external diameter of the sphere is
diameter of the capsule is 3 mm, 10 cm, find the internal diameter.
how much medicine it can hold? 8. Seenu’s house has an overhead tank in the
13.A cubical block of side 7 cm is shape of a cylinder. This is filled by pumping
surmounted by a hemisphere. Find water from a sump (underground tank) which
the surface area of the solid. is in the shape of a cuboid. The sump has
dimensions 2 m × 1.5 m × 1 m. The overhead
14.A right circular cylinder just enclose tank has its radius of 60 cm and height 105 cm.
a sphere of radius r units. Calculate the Find the volume of the water left in the sump
surface area of the sphere the curved surface
after the overhead tank has been completely
area of the cylinder the ratio of the areas filled with water from the sump which has
obtained in (i) and (ii). been full, initially.
15.A shuttle cock used for playing badminton has 9. The internal and external diameter of a hollow
the shape of a frustum of a cone is mounted on hemispherical shell are 6 cm and 10 cm
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 33 X std Mathematics Made Easy
respectively. If it is melted and recast into a school are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40. Using
solid cylinder of diameter 14 cm, then find the step deviation method, find the standard
height of the cylinder. deviation of the amount they have spent.
10.A solid sphere of radius 6 cm is melted into a 8. A teacher asked the students to complete 60
hollow cylinder of uniform thickness. If the pages of a record note book. Eight students
external radius of the base of the cylinder is 5 have completed only 32, 35, 37, 30, 33, 36, 35
cm and its height is 32 cm, then find the and 37 pages. Find the standard deviation of
thickness of the cylinder. the pages yet to be completed by them.
11.A hemispherical bowl is filled to the brim with 9. Find the variance and standard deviation of
juice. The juice is poured into a cylindrical the wages of 9 workers given below: Rs.310,
vessel whose radius is 50% more than its Rs.290, Rs.320, Rs.280, Rs.300, Rs.290, Rs.320,
height. If the diameter is same for both the Rs.310, Rs.280.
bowl and the cylinder then find the percentage 10. A wall clock strikes the bell once at 1 o’clock, 2
of juice that can be transferred from the bowl times at 2 o’clock, 3 times at 3 o’clock and so
into the cylindrical vessel. on. How many times will it strike in a
8.1.Measures Of Dispersion particular day. Find the standard deviation of
1. Find the range and coefficient of range the number of strikes the bell make a day.

(i) 63, 89, 98, 125, 79, 108, 117, 68 11. Find the standard deviation of the following
data 7, 4, 8, 10, 11. Add 3 to all the values then
(ii) 43.5, 13.6, 18.9, 38.4, 61.4, 29.8
find the standard deviation for the new values.
(iii) 25,67,48,53,18,39,44
12. Find the standard deviation of the data 2, 3, 5,
2. i) Find the range of the following distribution. 7, 8. Multiply each data by 4. Find the
Income 400-450 450-500 500-550 550-600 600-650 standard deviation of the new values.
No. of 8 12 30 21 6 13. If the standard deviation of a data is 4.5 and if
workers
each value of the data is decreased by 5, then
ii) Find the range of the following distribution
find the new standard deviation.
Age 16-18 18-20 20-22 22-24 24-26 26-28
14. If the standard deviation of a data is 3.6 and
No. of 0 4 6 8 2 2 each value of the data is divided by 3, then find
students the new variance and new standard deviation.
3. i) If the range and the smallest value of a set
15. Find the mean and variance of the first n
of data are 36.8 and 13.4 respectively, then find
natural numbers.
the largest value
16. Find the standard deviation of first 21 natural
ii) The range of a set of data is 13.67 and the
numbers.
largest value is 70.08. Find the smallest
value. 17. 48 students were asked to write the total
number of hours per week they spent on
4. The number of televisions sold in each day of a
watching television. With this information find
week are 13, 8, 4, 9, 7, 12, 10. Find its standard
the standard deviation of hours spent for
deviation.
watching television.
5. The amount of rainfall in a particular season
x 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
for 6 days are given as 17.8 cm, 19.2cm,
f 3 6 9 13 8 5 4
16.3cm, 12.5cm, 12.8cm and 11.4cm. Find its
18. Marks scored by students in a slip test are
standard deviation.
given. Find standard deviation of their marks.
6. The marks scored by 10 students in a class test
x 4 6 8 10 12
are 25, 29, 30, 33, 35, 37, 38, 40, 44, 48. Find
f 7 3 5 9 5
the standard deviation.
19. Marks of the students in a particular subject of
7. The amount that the children have spent for a class are given below. Find its SD.
purchasing some eatables in one day trip of a
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 Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 34 X std Mathematics Made Easy
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 5. If the mean and coefficient of variation of a
Students 8 12 17 14 9 7 4 data are 15 and 48 respectively, then find the
20.Rainfall recorded in various places of five value of standard deviation.
districts in a week are given below. Find SD. 6. Find the coefficient of variation of 24, 26, 33,
Rainfall 45 50 55 60 65 70 37, 29, 31.
places 5 13 4 9 5 4 7. The time taken (in minute) to complete a
21.In a study about viral fever, the number of homework by 8 students in a day are given by
people affected in a town was noted. Find SD. 38, 40,47, 44, 46, 43, 49, 53. Find the coefficient
Age 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 of variation.
No.P 3 5 16 18 12 7 4 8. The total marks scored by two students Sathya
eople
and Vidhya in 5 subjects are 460 and 480 with
22.The measurement of the diameters (in cm) of
standard deviation 4.6 and 2.4 respectively.
the plates prepared in a factory is given below.
Who is more consistent in performance?
Find its standard deviation.
9. The following table gives the values of mean
Diameter 21-24 25-28 29-32 33-36 37-40 41-44
No.Plates 15 18 20 16 8 7
and variance of heights and weights of the 10th
23.The time taken by 50 students to complete a standard students of a school. Which is more
100 meter race is given below. Find its SD. varying than the other?

Time 8.5-9.5 9.5-10.5 10.5-11.5 11.5-12.5 12.5-13.5 Height Weight

Students 6 8 17 10 9 Mean 155 cm 46.50 kg
24.For a group of 100 candidates the mean and Variance 72.25 cm 28.09 kg
10. The consumption of number of guava and
standard deviation of their marks were found
orange on a particular week by a family are
to be 60 and 15 respectively. Later on it was
given below. Which fruit is consistently
found that the scores 45 and 72 were wrongly
consumed by the family?
entered as 40 and 27. Find the correct mean
and standard deviation. Guava 3 5 6 4 3 5 4
Orange 1 3 7 9 2 6 2
25. The mean and standard deviation of 15
11. The mean and standard deviation of marks
observations are found to be 10 and 5
obtained by 40 students of a class in three
respectively. On rechecking it was found that
subjects Mathematics, Science and Social
one of the observation with value 8 was
science are given. Which of the three subjects
incorrect. Calculate the correct mean and
shows highest variation and which shows
standard deviation if the correct observation
lowest variation in marks?
value was 23?
Subjects Mean S.D
26.The mean and variance of seven observations
Maths 56 12
are 8 and 16 respectively. If five of these are 2,
Science 65 14
4, 10, 12 and 14, then find the remaining two
Social Science 60 10
observations.
12. The temperature of two cities A and B in a
8.2. Coefficient Of Variation winter season are given below. Find which city
2
1. If n = 5 , x = 6 , åx = 765 then calculate is more consistent in temperature changes?
the coefficient of variation. City A 18 20 22 24 26
2. The mean of a data is 25.6 and its coefficient of City B 11 14 15 17 18
variation is 18.75. Find the standard Deviation. 8.3.Probability
3. The standard deviation and mean of a data are
1. Express the sample space for rolling two dice
6.5 and 12.5 respectively. Find the coefficient of
using tree diagram.
variation.
2. Write the sample space for tossing three coins
4. The standard deviation and coefficient of
using tree diagram.
variation of a data are 1.2 and 25.6
respectively. Find the value of mean.
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 35 X std Mathematics Made Easy
3. Write the sample space for selecting two balls the probability that the card is (i) a clavor (ii) a
from a bag containing 6 balls numbered 1 to 6 queen of red card (iii) a king of black card.
(using tree diagram). 15. What is the probability that a leap year
4. A bag contains 5 blue balls and 4 green balls. A selected at random will contain 53 Saturdays
ball is drawn at random from the bag. Find the (Hint: 366=52×7+2)
probability that the ball drawn is (i) blue (ii) 16. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow
not blue. which is equally likely to come to rest pointing
5. A bag contains 5 red balls, 6 white balls, 7 to one of the numbers 1,2,3,…,12. What is the
green balls, 8 blackballs. One ball is drawn at probability that it will point to (i) 7 (ii) a prime
random from the bag. Find the probability that number (iii) a composite number?
the ball drawn is (i) white (ii) black or red (iii) 17. If A is an event of a random experiment such
not white (iv) neither white nor black.
that P(A) : P( A ) = 17:15 n(S) = 640 then find (i)
6. Two coins are tossed together. What is the
P( A ) (ii) n (A).
probability of getting different faces on coins?
18. A bag contains 6 green balls, some black and
7. A coin is tossed thrice. What is the probability
red balls. Number of black balls is as twice as
of getting two consecutive tails?
the number of red balls. Probability of getting a
8. Three fair coins are tossed together. Find the green ball is thrice the probability of getting a
probability of getting (i) all heads (ii) at least red ball. Find (i) number of black balls (ii) total
one tail (iii) at most one head (iii) at most two number of balls.
tails.
19. A bag contains 12 blue balls and x red balls. If
9. Two unbiased dice are rolled once. Find the one ball is drawn at random (i) what is the
probability of getting (i) the doublet (equal probability that it will be a red ball? (ii) If 8
numbers on both dice) (ii) the product as a more red balls are put in the bag, and if the
prime number (iii) the sum as a prime number probability of drawing a red ball will be twice
(iv) the sum as 1. that of the probability in (i), then find x.
10.Two dice are rolled. Find the probability that 20. At a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000, one
the sum of outcomes is (i) equal to 4 (ii) greater number on one card are put in a box. Each
than 10 (iii) less than 13. player selects one card at random and that
11.Two dice are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1, 1, card is not replaced. If the selected card has a
2, 2, 3, 3 respectively. They are rolled and the perfect square number greater than 500, the
sum of the numbers on them is noted. Find the player wins a prize. What is the probability
probability of getting each sum from 2 to 9 that (i) the first player wins a prize (ii) the
separately. second player wins a prize, if the first has won?
12.A die is rolled and a coin is tossed 21. In a box there are 20 non-defective and some
simultaneously. Find the probability that the defective bulbs. If the probability that a bulb
die shows an odd number and the coin shows a selected at random from the box found to be
head. 3
defective is then, find the number of
8
13.From a well shuffled pack of 52 cards, one card
defective bulbs.
is drawn at random. Find the probability of
getting (i) red card (ii) heart card (iii) red king 22. Some boys are playing a game, in which the
(iv) face card (v) number card. stone thrown by them landing in a circular
region (given in the figure) is considered as win
14.The king and queen of diamonds, queen and
and landing other than the circular region is
jack of hearts, jack and king of spades are
considered as loss. What is the probability to
removed from a deck of 52 playing cards and
win the game?
then well shuffled. Now one card is drawn at
random from the remaining cards. Determine 23. Two customers Priya and Amuthan are visiting
a particular shop in the same week (Monday to
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Mythila Publishers, Puduvayal 36 X std Mathematics Made Easy
Saturday). Each is equally likely to visit the 11. A coin is tossed thrice. Find the probability of
shop on anyone day as on another day. What is getting exactly two heads or atleast one tail or
the probability that both will visit the shop on consecutive two heads.
(i) the same day (ii) different days (iii) 12. Two dice are rolled together. Find probability of
consecutive days? getting a doublet or sum of faces as 4.
24.In a game, the entry fee is Rs.150. The game
consists of tossing a coin 3 times. Dhana 13. Two dice are rolled once. Find the probability of
bought a ticket for entry. If one or two heads getting an even number on the first die or total
show, she gets her entry fee back. If she throws of face sum 8.
3 heads, she receives double the entry fees. 14. From a well shuffled pack of 52 cards, a card is
Otherwise she will lose. Find the probability drawn at random. Find the probability of it
that she (i) gets double entry fee (ii) just gets being either a red king or a black queen.
her entry fee (iii) loses the entry fee.
15. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. Find
8.4. Algebra Of Events the probability of getting a king or a heart or a
1. If P(A)=0.37, P(B)=0.42, P(A∩B)=0.09, then red card.
find P(A∪B). 16. What is the probability of drawing either a king
2 2 1 or a queen in a single draw from a well shuffled
2. If P(A) = , P(B) = , P (A È B) = . Find P(A∩B). pack of 52 cards?
3 5 3
3. A and B are two events such that, P(A) = 0.42, 17. In a class of 50 students, 28 opted for NCC, 30
P(B) = 0.48 and P(A∩B) = 0.16. Find (i) P (not opted for NSS and 18 opted both NCC and
A) (ii) P( not B) (iii) P(A or B). NSS. One of the students is selected at a
4. If A and B are two events such that random. Find the probability that (i) The
1 1 1 student opted for NCC but not NSS. (ii)The
P(A) = , P(B) = , P (A and B) = find
4 2 8 student opted for NSS but not NCC. (iii)The
(i) P(A or B) (ii) P (not A and not B). student opted for exactly one of them.
5. If A and B are two mutually exclusive events of 18. A and B are two candidates seeking admission
a random experiment and P (not A) = 0.45, to IIT. The probability that A getting selected
P(A∪B) = 0.65, then find P(B). is 0.5 and the probability that both A and B
6. The probability that at least one of A and B getting selected is 0.3. Prove that the
occur is 0.6. If A and B occur simultaneously probability of B being selected is at most 0.8.
with probability 0.2, then find P(A ) + P(B) 19. The probability that a person will get an
7. The probability of happening of an event A is 3
electrification contract is and the probability
0.5 and that of B is 0.3. If A and B are mutually 5
exclusive events, then find the probability that 5
that he will not get plumbing contract is .
neither A nor B happen. 8
5
8. If A, B, C are three events. Probability of B is probability of getting at least one contract is .
7
twice as that of A. probability of C is thrice as What is the probability that he will get both?
that of A. Find P(A), P(B) and P(C) if 20. In a town of 8000 people, 1300 are over 50
1 1 1 years and 3000 are female. It is known that
P(A I B) = , P(B I C) = , P(A I C) =
6 4 8 30% of the female are over 50 years. What is
9 1 the probability that a chosen individual from
P(A U B U C) = , P(A I B I C) =
10 15 the town is either a female or over 50 years?
9. A box contains cards numbered 3, 5, 7, 9, …, 35, 21. In a class of 35, students are numbered from 1
37. A card is drawn at random from the box. to 35. The ratio of boys to girls is 4:3. The roll
Find the probability that the drawn card have numbers of students begin with boys and end
either multiples of 7 or a prime number. with girls. Find the probability that a student
10.Three unbiased coins are tossed once. Find the selected is either a boy with prime roll number
probability of getting atmost 2 tails or at least or a girl with composite roll number or an even
2 heads. roll number.
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