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PATHOLOGY PYQs
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Version 2.0

─ PYQ ( 2009 - 2022 )

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Abir Debnath
Batch 17, AGMC
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PAPER 1
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● GENERAL PATHO
● HEMATOLOGY
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● LYMPHOMA
● AETCOM
● GENETICS
PAPER 2
● All Systemic Ds

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
● NEOPLASIA 3
● CELL INJURY & ADAPTATION 3
● INFLAMMATION & HEALING 4
● HAEMODYNAMIC DISORDER, THROMBOEMBOLISM & SHOCK 5
● IMMUNOLOGY 6
● AETCOM 6
● RBC DISORDERS 6
● WBC DISORDERS (Neoplasm),LYMPH NODE & SPLEEN 7
● PLATELET DISORDER / HAEMOSTASIS DISORDER 9
● BLOOD BANKING , TRANSFUSION AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 10

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● CVS & BLOOD VESSELS 12
GIT 13

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●
● RENAL PATHOLOGY 14
● RESPIRATORY PATHO 15
● HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISORDERS 16
● BREAST PATHOLOGY 17
● FEMALE GENITAL TRACT DISORDERS 17
● MALE GENITAL TRACT DISORDERS 18

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● GENETIC DISEASES AND PAEDIATRIC 19
● CNS PATHOLOGY 19
● ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY 19
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● MUSCULO SKELETAL PATHOLOGY 20
● SKIN PATHOLOGY 21
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Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 NEOPLASIA
1. Carcinoma vs Sarcoma. 5 2014,19
2. Tumor markers. 2 2019
3.
a. Define neoplasia
b. How does a malignant cell differ from a normal cell? 2013
c. Routes of metastasis. 2 + 3+ 5 2018 2013 2016
4. Define neoplasia . 2
Types of neoplasia. 1
Diff between malignant & benign tumors. 4 2017, 13, 12, 15

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5. Define metastasis. 2016

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Explain the hyperchromasia of nuclei and anaplasia in malignant neoplasm. 2016
What is paraneoplastic syndrome or Short Note ? 2013 2016 2019 2021
6. 3a + 1 + What is a tumor giant cell? Give an example.
7. Chemical carcinogens 2013
8. Classify neoplasia with eg.

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Routes and mechanism of metastasis.
9. Hyperplasia vs Neoplasia. 5 2014
10. Define neoplasm. 2
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CELL INJURY & ADAPTATION
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1. What are the different forms of cellular adaptations? 2 2019

2. Describe the mechanism of adaptation that leads to an increase in the number of cells. 3
2019
3. Mention the salient differentiating features between two types of cell death. 5 2019,
D

2008, 09, 10, 11, 21

4. Write a short note on hypertrophy. (X2) 2 2016,14
5. Write a short note on Apoptosis. 2,4 2013,17 pct, 2008, 09
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6. Write a short note on dystrophic calcification. 2,6 2008, 09, 2014, 19 pct
7. Write a short note on metaplasia. 2 (X2),6 ,4 2014,17,19 pct, 12 pct, 08, 07, 10
8. Difference between hyperplasia and neoplasia. 5 2014 sup
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9. Write a short note on brown atrophy. 2.5 2008 Pct

10. Difference between hyperplasia and hypertrophy. 5 2017 pct
11. Difference between dystrophic and metastatic calcification. 5 2022
12. Define necrosis 3 2008, 10 , 11
Describe different type of necrosis
13. Gas gangrene 2008
14. Wet gangrene 2010
15. Metaplasia is a double edged sword . Explain 3 2022
16. Define metaplasia and give example. 2021
17.Define metaplasia. Give example.
18. Define cell injury
19.Enumerate diff type of cell injury. Eg of reversible and irreversible cell injury and causes.

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 20.Explain with diagram the response of cell in response to stress and injurious stimulus.
21.Necrose cell under H/E appears more eosinophilic.
22.Atrophy may be a protective mechanism.
23.S TSH is very high inspite of large thyroid gland

MICRO & PHARMA PYQ link at the very end

INFLAMMATION & HEALING

1. **

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a. What type of healing will take place in a lacerated wound resulting from a road
traffic accident?

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b. Describe the mechanism of healing in such a wound. 2017 ,pct
c. Enumerate the factors influencing wound healing ***. 1+6+3 /2019
d. mention the local and systemic factors that affect wound healing.
e. What is regeneration? 2014
f. Complication of healing in skin wounds SN
2. What is repair?
a. Describe healing by secondary intention + 1.c

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3. Chemical mediators of acute inflammation. 2x 2021, 2010 pct
4. Define inflammation. ***** Define acute inflammation **** 07, 08, 09, 10,22
a. Enumerate the chemical mediators of Acute inflammation right from onset up
to killing and degradation with mechanism in brief 2021. OR
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b. Describes with diagram cellular events in acute inflammation + vascular
events 2017, 22, 10, pct
c. Give an account of the fate of acute inflammation (or) Outcomes of it 2019,
18, 12, 22
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d. Cardinal Signs of acute inflammation

5. Complications of healing in skin wounds. 2x
6. Describe the process of healing of a clean incised wound of the skin. + 1.b
7. Describe the process of phagocytosis. 2012, pct
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a. What is the role of complement in acute inflammation?

b. What is pus?
8. Granuloma **** + diagram 2018, pct
9. Define granuloma **
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a. Types?
b. Describe tubercular granuloma with a diagram.
c. Describe the mechanism of its evolution
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d. Example of disease having granuloma. Int 23

10. Giant cell
11. Granulation tissue
12. Foreign body giant cell
13. Histology of chronic inflammation. SN (2)
14. Healing by 1st intention 08, 09, 10
15. Difference between transudate and exudate. 5 (X4) 2014 sup,19 ,16,22
16. A 25-year-old young man has met with a motorbike accident and sustained a
lacerated injury on his left leg. 2021
1+6+3
a. What type of wound healing will take place here?
b. Describe the process of healing in brief in this case.
c. Mention the complication of skin-wound healing.
Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23
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 17. Langhans Giant Cell
18. Acute phase reactants

HAEMODYNAMIC DISORDER,
THROMBOEMBOLISM & SHOCK
1. Differentiate between
a. Thrombosis and Embolism 5 2019 2021
b. Transudate and exudate 2022, 2012, 18, 17, 14

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2. Define thrombosis/ thrombus

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Define briefly the pathogenesis and fate of thrombosis *2022,09,10
Factors of thrombus 2+6+2 2018, 19

3. Define embolism/ emboli

Enumerate the types of embolism .

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What is decompression sickness? How will you avert this situation?
A mother died of amniotic fluid embolism. How will you prove it?
2+3+3+1+2 2017, 2014
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Describe the pathogenesis of fat and amniotic fluid embolism. 2015, 09
+ Describe the morphological features of the area where impaction of an embolus
has occurred in a blood vessel of a solid organ? 3 2015
4.
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A. Define infarction.
B. Classify infarct.
C. Describe the gross appearance of the infarct of a solid organ.
D. What is the organization of infarct? 2+4+2+2 2016, 2019
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E. Describe the etiopathogenesis , macroscopic and microscopic pictures of the

infarct of the kidney. 6 2019, 2009, 10 , 10s
5.
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a) Define oedema. 1 2018, 12

b) Enumerate the different etiological factors in the formation of oedema. 3
09,10,10s
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c) What are the types of oedema?

d) Briefly describe the reasons of edema in renal ds *2022
e) Enumerate the pathogenesis of generalized edema. 2009,17

6. Define shock 2 2009,10

Different types of shock. 3
Etiopathogenesis of septic shock 5 2012, 13, 17
Stages of Shock Int 23

7. What is Virchow’s triad? 3 2014

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 8. SN
a. Hypovolemic shock 2 2015, 2008
b. Congestion 2 2016
9. A person with long bone fracture may die of pulmonary insufficiency. Explain.

IMMUNOLOGY
1. Write a short note on stains of amyloid.(X4) 2 2013, 2019 sup, 2017,2017 pct
2. Define amyloidosis. Classify and mention pathogenesis. 6 2019 sup
3. Type III Hypersensitivity . 2 2019

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4. Type IV hypersensitivity. 2 2018,12,13, 3- 22 ,

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5. Type I hypersensitivity 2 2016,09,15,21
6. Difference between immunity and hypersensitivity . 10s
7. Secondary amyloidosis. 3 -08 , 5-09

AETCOM

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1. Role of autonomy in bioethics* 2. Pillars of bioethics** 3. Paternalism
4. Legal surrogate
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RBC DISORDERS
1. a. Briefly describe the etiology of megaloblastic anemia.
b. Specify the lab diagnostic investigation in a suspected case of megaloblastic
anemia.
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c. Write down the lab findings in such a case. 3+2+5 2019

2. SN :
a. Sickle Cell Anemia 2019
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b. Reticulocyte. 2009

3. Classify the causes of hemolytic anemia.

Enumerate investigations that are done in such a case and explain why. 5+5 2016
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4. Difference b/w
a. Thalassaemia & hemoglobinopathy. 2016, 15
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b. Thalassaemia & Sickle Cell Anemia 2021

5.
a. Classify anemia according to i) etiology. 2016, 13, 15
b. Elaborate on the morphological classification of anemia 2021
c. Pathogenesis of Megaloblastic Anemia.
d. Peripheral smear and bone marrow picture of this type of anemia. 2016 , 2021 /
PCT

6. Define anemia. 2 2021, 13, 15

Write lab findings of Iron Deficiency Anemia. 4 2013, 15

7. Mention briefly the causes of Megaloblastic Anemia.

Describe the peripheral blood and Bone Marrow findings in such a case 2014

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 What is a myeloblast?

8. A five-year-old boy presented with severe anemia, moderate splenomegaly and mild
icterus. He has a history of repeated blood transfusion. His elder sister also suffers
from the same problems.
a. Probable diagnosis
b. Brief pathogenesis of the disease.
c. Outline of the lab investigation to confirm the disease. 2018, 12

9. A 5 years old child is suffereing from growth retardation & easy fatiguability. On
examination he is found to have pallor, mild icterus & moderate splenomegaly. His
13 years old sister has been taking repeated blood transfusion for last few years &
also has splenomegaly. 5-07
● a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
● b) What are the investigations you would advise?

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● c) Lab investigation findings.

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● d) Classification of the disease.

10.Lab diagnosis of Thalassemia. 3 2022

11.Why is the ESR of patients with sickle cell anemia low. 3 2022

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12.A 58-year-old vegetarian woman presented with numbness of limbs and soreness of
tongue. Her hemoglobin level was found to be 7.5 gm/dl and MCV was 115 fl. 2022
(a) What is the provisional diagnosis?
(b) Name the relevant laboratory investigations in this case.
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(c) Briefly describe the expected findings of laboratory investigations.

13.A 50 year old man comes to a hospital with severe anemia ,glossitis, loss of appetite,
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numbness and tingling of both lower limbs and difficulty in walking.09,5-10

a)What is your probable diagnosis ?
b)Give reasons.
c) Describe the peripheral blood smear and BM findings
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EXTRAS
14.Schilling test
15.Megaloblast
16.Pancytopenia
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17.Hydrops foetalis
18.Sickle cell ds. PCT
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WBC DISORDERS (Neoplasm),LYMPH NODE & SPLEEN

1 .A 54 year old man presented with history of gradually developing pallor and
abdominal distension associated with fatigue for last 6 months. On physical
examination, massive splenomegaly was detected and his routine blood examination
revealed an Hb level of 9.2 gm/dl with total leucocyte count of 1.4 lakhs/ml. 1+3+6
19
a. What is your provisional diagnosis?
b. Enumerate the different phases of this disorder with distinguishing features.
c. Describe the peripheral blood picture in this condition.

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 2. A 6-year-old boy presents with sudden onset of fever, weakness, severe pallor,
generalized lymphadenopathy, mild hepatosplenomegaly, sternal tenderness, and
epistaxis. 2+6+2 19 sup
a. What is your provisional diagnosis?
b. How will you proceed to confirm diagnosis?
c. What are the important prognostic factors in this case?

3. A 45-year-old lady was suffering from fever, weakness, lymphadenopathy and

hepatosplenomegaly. Her WBC count is 150000/cumm of blood.2+5+3 17
a. What is your probable diagnosis?
b. What investigation do you perform for confirmation of your diagnosis?
c. What is the role of Philadelphia chromosome and basophil in this case?

4. A 5 yr old has been brought to the OPD with a history of becoming very pale for the

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last 2-3 weeks. On examination, there are multiple palpable lymph nodes in his neck
and a few purpuric spots on his skin. 2+2+6 16

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a. What is the provisional diagnosis?
b. What is purpura? Explain the cause of purpuric spots in this case.
c. What investigations may be done to establish the diagnosis?

5. A 40-year-old lady is feeling weak and having pallor with a low-grade fever for the last
one month. On abdominal examination, there is a huge hepatosplenomegaly. There

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is no sternal tenderness. 2+2+6 16 sup
a. What is the probable diagnosis?
b. What are the different phases of this disease?
c. What are the laboratory findings expected in such cases?
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6. A 50 yr old man attended medical OPD with a medical history of pallor, tiredness
with massive liver and spleen enlargement. 2+2+6 09 sup
a. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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b. What is the chromosomal abnormality of this case?

c. Describe the blood picture of such a case.
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1.
a. What are the important clinical features of acute myeloid leukemias?
b. Give the classification and describe the method of lab diagnosis. 3+3+4 14

2. A 40 yr male with history of fever, weakness and purpuric spots admitted in

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Medicine ward. Laboratory report show Hb: 7 gms/dl, TLC: 1.5 lacs/cu.mm. On
examination, sternal tenderness present with mild hepatomegaly..
a. What is your probable diagnosis. AML
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b. What is the WHO diagnostic criteria for that disease.

c. Classify the disease.
d. Expected blood & bone-marrow findings in this case.

3. Difference between
a. leukemoid reaction and leukemia. 5 15, 22
b. myeloblast and lymphoblast. 5 2017, 2021
c. Lymphocytic depletion and lymphocytic predominance Hodgkin,s lymphoma
5 2018
d. Hodgkin vs Non Hodgkin Lymphoma
4.
a. Classify hodgkin’s lymphoma
b. Describe the M/E of any two types. 2 +4+4 2016, 2009
5. Short Notes
a. Blast crisis 2 18
Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23
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 b. Leukemoid reaction . 2 19,16,pct 08,17,12
c. Philadelphia chromosome 2 19 ,5 19,12 pct
d. Burkitt Lymphoma. 2 2012
e. What is leukemia? 2 2021
6. Reed Sternberg cell ( pathognomic cell of HL ) – SN or 2021
Brief note on cytomorphology of Reed Sternberg Cell. 5 2019, 22
or Describe the morphological variants of RS cell with diagram. 2009
7. Write the peripheral blood picture of CML. 5 17, 18 pct, 2021
8. Write down the FAB classification of Acute Leukemia. 5 pct 10,12
9. Mention it's distinguishing features from CML. Pct 08
10. A 58 years old male presented with severe back pain. He was anaemic & his X-ray
skull showed a punched out osteolytic lesion. His ESR was very high &blood grouping
was very difficult due to roulex formation.
a. Discuss etiology, pathogenesis & lab investigations.
11.

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a. Write briefly on pathogenesis of multiple myeloma.
b. Describe it's bone marrow findings

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c. What is plasmacytoma? 5+3+2 Pct 08
12. Relative lymphocytosis and eosinophilia . 2.5 PCT 08
13.Name three special stains (cytochemical) used in lab diagnosis of leukemia. 3, 22
14.Name the subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma. 3 ‘22

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PLATELET DISORDER / HAEMOSTASIS DISORDER
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1. Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) 2 2019, 2021, PCT
2. Etiology of thrombocytopenia. (2) (2017)
3. Lab Dx of hemophilia. 2021
4.
a. What is purpura?
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b. How does purpura differ from hemophilia ?

c. Mention the peripheral blood and bone-marrow picture in a case of idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura . (2+2+6=10) 2014
5. Antithrombin III. 2 2009
6. Purpura vs Haemophilia. 5 2016
D

7. A 28 years old woman presented with tiny cutaneous bleeding spots all over the body
for duration of one month. She gave history of menorrhagia and two episodes of
epistaxis during last six months. On physical examination multiple petechial spots
were found on skin and oral mucosa. 3-10,5-07
ir

a. What is your probable diagnosis?

b. How will you proceed to investigate this case?
c. Pathogenesis of the disease condition.
Ab

8. 5 yr old boy brought to OPD with H/O of becoming pale for last 2-3 weeks. O/E there
are multiple palpable lymph nodes in his neck and few purpuric spots.
a. Probable Dx.
b. What is purpura?
c. Explain the cause of purpuric spots.
d. Investigations. 2016

BLOOD BANKING , TRANSFUSION AND CLINICAL

PATHOLOGY
1. Non immune mediated blood transfusion reactions. 2 2019
2. Bombay Blood group 2 2018, 2017, 2012
3. Immediate Complications of blood transfusion. 2 2018, 2017
Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23
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 4. Rh incompatibility / Hemolytic ds of new born
5. Blood transfusion reaction
6. Common Hazards of Blood Transfusion.
7. Osmotic fragility test. 2 2014
8. Arneth Count 2 2019
9. Bone Marrow Examination 2019
10.RBC Indices. 2 2015
11.Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate 2 2015
12.Rh Blood Group 2016
13.Indication of blood transfusion. 2014, 2014
14.
a. What are blood group antigens?
b. What if the crossmatching before blood transfusion?
c. Describe briefly the complications of blood transfusion. 2009
15. Enumerate three acute blood transfusion reactions 3 2022

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16. Name various casts of urine. 2022

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Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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B1
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SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY
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─ PYQ ( 2009 - 2022 )
eb

Abir Debnath
D

Batch 17, AGMC

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PAPER 1
● GENERAL PATHO
Ab

● HEMATOLOGY
● LYMPHOMA
PAPER 2
● All Systemic Ds

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 CVS & BLOOD VESSELS
1. Short Notes
a. Rheumatic carditis 2 2019, 2014
b. Infective Endocarditis . PCT

2. Name three modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis. 3 2022

3. MI
a. Complications of MI. 3 10,12, 2019, 2022
b. Lab Investigations. 08, 10
c. Etiopathogenesis. 08, 10 , 12
d. Morphological changes of MI 08, PCT
e. Describe the risk factors of MI. 3 2012
f. Enumerate the serum cardiac markers and its changes in MI. 5 2012

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g.

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4. Atherosclerosis
a. Write the pathogenesis of atheroma mentioning the factors affecting
formation. 4 2019
b. Describe an atheroma , microscopic fts 4 2019, 2008
c. Mention the complications of atheroma. 4 2019
d. Atheroma - SN 2 2009
e. Define atherosclerosis. 2009

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f. Pathology of atherosclerotic plaque formation. 2012
g. Components of ath. Plaque. 2007
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5. Describe the pathogenesis of Rheumatic carditis and the effects of this disease in the
layers of the heart. 4 + 3 + 3 2015

6. What is Ischemic Heart Disease ? 2 2012

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7. Mention briefly the Aschoff’s nodule. 5 2018

8.
a. Define Rh Fever 2009
b. Etiopathogenesis 2009
D

c. Endocardial lesions of Rh fever 2010

d. Jones Criteria in Rh Heart Ds. 2010
e. Diagnostic Criteria PCT
f. Describe the pathological fts of the heart in this condition. PCT
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9. A 55-year-old man - acute severe left-sided chest pain with rapid pulse rate, sweating
and fall in blood pressure.
a. What is your probable diagnosis?
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b. Describe the gross and microscopic picture of the organ involved.

c. What are the lab investigation that will help you to arrive at the final diagnosis?
2 + 4 + 4 = 10 2013

10.A 8-year-old boy presented to pediatrics OPD with history of fever & migratory joint
pain involving large joints for duration of 10 days. He gave history of sore throat/
pharyngitis & fever 2 weeks prior to onset of joint pain.On physical examination, he
was febrile and his right wrist joint was found to be acutely inflamed. 2021
A. Provisional Dx? B. Investigations.
C. Discuss briefly the salient pathological and morphological changes of
cardiac/ endocardial lesion in the ds.
D. Lab investigations in the support e. Complication f. Diagnostic criteria.
G. Etiopathogx

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 GIT
1. Short Notes:
a. Crohn’s disease 2 2019, 2012, 2008
b. Barrett's esophagus 2 2019, 2021, 2008, 2009
c. Complications of peptic ulcer of stomach 2 2016
d. Leukoplakia. 2008,10
e. Pleomorphic adenoma 2009,07,14
f. H. pylori in PUD 2008,2007

2.
a. Enumerate ulcerative lesions in the GIT.
b. Describe macroscopic and microscopic pictures of any one type.

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c. Mention any two complications of that ulcer. 4+4+2 = 10
2019, 2014, 2021

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3. Briefly describe the pathogenesis of colonic adenocarcinoma. 3 2022

4. Differentiate between
a. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. 5 2018, 2012, 2009

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b. Benign and malignant ulcer of the stomach. 5 2022
5.
a. Enumerate ulcers of the small intestine.
b. Describe the pathophysiology of any of them.
c. Write down the complications of typhoid ulcer. 2+4+4 2017
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6.
a. Describe the gross and microscopic features of the peptic ulcer of the stomach.
2012, 2010
b. What are the possible complications in such cases? 4+3+3 2015
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7.
a. What do you mean by Enterocolitis?
b. Describe the etiopathogenesis and pathology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
in brief . 2014
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8. Enlarged supraclavicular Lymph node may be indicative of internal malignancy.

Explain
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9. A 45 year old male having pallor and weakness for the last two months. He is also
Ab

giving a history of alteration of his bowel pattern i.e alternate diarrhea and
constipation for the same.
a. What is the probable diagnosis?
b. How can you explain the cause of pallor and weakness?
c. What investigations will help you to diagnose the condition and how? 2016

10.A 40 years female presented with abdominal pain, diarrhoea, moderate anaemia,
loss of body weight, evening rise of temp. & night sweating. On imaging
investigations multiple ulcers were found in her small bowel. Her ESP was found to
be 120 mm/1st hour.
a. What is your probable diagnosis? - TB Ulcer
b. What are differential diagnoses?
c. Distinguish them.

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 11.A 52-year-old male - dyspepsia, weight loss, and an epigastric lump. On clinical
examination, an enlarged supraclavicular lymph node was found.
a. What is your professional diagnosis?
b. Describe briefly the etiopathogenesis.
c. Describe pathological features of the disease.
d. Investigation 1+4+5 2012, 2011

12. Gastric Ca. - Gross, M/E fts, morphological types, macro + micro gastric adeno
Ca,Early gastric Ca, WHO clssfc, Spread 2009,11

RENAL PATHOLOGY

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1. What is hydronephrosis? 2 2022 PCT

B1
Enumerate the causes of unilateral and bilateral hydronephrosis. 4,
2022
Describe the urinary findings on acute pyelonephritis. 6

2. Justify the nomenclature of MCD ( Minimal Change Disease). 5 2022

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3.
a. Define nephrotic syndrome. 2
b. Enumerate the causes. 4
c. Pathophysiology of edema in nephrotic syndrome. 4 2022,12,10,08
d. Briefly discuss the pathogx & pathology of any cause of np synd. 2008
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e. Write the urinary findings of any one of the condition leading to np syndrome.
PCT

4. Urinary findings of acute glomerulonephritis. 2 2018

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5. Enumerate the causes of granular contracted kidney.

Describe the pathology and their findings in chronic pyelonephritis.
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2009, 2014

6. Difference between Nephritis and nephrotic syndrome. 2 2017

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7. Short notes:
a. Diabetic Nephropathy. 2 2012,11,08 PCT
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b. Nephrotic syndrome. 2 2015

c. Renal cell carcinoma. 2 2016 , PCT
d. Minimal change disease/glomerulonephritis 2 2017,2009, PCT
e. Wilm’s Tumor 2007,08,10,11
f. Urinary findings in acute nephritic syndrome. 2 2021

8.
a. Classify glomerulo nephritis.
b. Describe the salient pathological fts of one glomerulonephritis.
c. Complication occurring due to glomerulonephritis. 2010

9. 5 year old girl - general edema and recurrent infection for last one month
a. What is the provisional diagnosis? 2

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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 b. What parameters must be fulfilled for the diagnosis? 3
c. What tests in the lab must be done? 3
d. What are the fates of this condition? 3 2016

10.A 5 year old boy presented with fever, pufiness of face, genaralised sweling of body,
passage of dark coloured urine of one week history. Urine examination shows
massive proteinuria. 09,08s,4-07,4-08,4-11,5-08,5-09
a. What is your probable diagnosis?
b. How will you proceed to investigate this case?
c. What is the fate of the child?
d. Pathogenesis & complications.
e. Lab findings
11.Etiopathogenesis of glomerular ds. PCT
12. SN - PCT

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a. RPGN
b. Glomerular crescent

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13.
a. Classify tumors of kidney. PCT
b. Describe the macro and microscopic fts of any 1 of them. PCT

14.
a. Describe various mechanism of glomerular injury leading to kidney ds. PCT

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b. Classify primary glomerular ds. PCT
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RESPIRATORY PATHO
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1. Short Notes
a. Lobar Pneumonia. 2 2019
b. Pancoast tumor. 2 2018
c. Pulmonary embolism. 2 2018
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d. Bronchiectasis. 2 2007, 2009, 2013

e. Emphysema 2 2021
f. ARDS - SN, etiopathogenesis(pct) 2008, 2011
g. COPD
2.
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a. Define emphysema. 2 2017,2016, 2014

b. Types of emphysema 3
c. Pathogenesis. 5 2009, 2016, 2017
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3. Mention the types of pulmonary emphysema on anatomical basis. 3

2022
4. Briefly mention the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer. 3 2022
+ Local effects of lung cancer ( PCT )
5.
a. Describe etiology and pathology of lobar pneumonia. 2+6
b. Enumerate its complications. 2 2017
6.
a. Classify malignant tumors of lung. 6 2015
b. Describe the gross and microscopic fts. Of any one of them 2+2 2
7.
a. Describe the macroscopic lesions of lung in secondary(post-primary) TB . 6
b. Explain how these patients can have hemoptysis. 2
Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23
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 c. Draw a labeled diagram of a granuloma in such cases. 2 2016
8. A 30 yr old man - hemoptysis since last two days + loss of wt in last couple of months
but he has no history of fever. He has been working in an asbestos factory for many
years.
a. Possible diagnosis. 2
b. How can you relate the history with your diagnosis? 4
c. Mention briefly the investigations. 4 2019

9. A 30 yr old man - wt loss, evening rise of temperature, cough and hemoptysis

occasionally. His X ray chest shows round opacity in the apical region of right lung.
a. Probable Dx 2
b. Investigations for a confirmed Dx ? 8 2017

10.A male patient aged 40 years is complaining of cough, haemoptysis& loss of weight

7
for the last 2 months. 4-12,5-07,4-10
a. What are the possible conditions that he can be suffering from?

B1
b. How will you proceed to investigate the case?
c. Morphology features & prognosis.
d. Classification of the diseases.

11.Same as 7 + Hb - 10.2 gm% , ESR - 120 mm

a. Probable Dx. 2

th
b. Enumerate the causes of hemoptysis. 2
c. Pathogenesis & Lab Dx of Pulmonary TB. 3 + 3 2009, 2014

12.
na
a. Define bronchietesis? PCT
b. Predisposing factors & pathogx?
c. Morphological fts.
d. What are its sequelae?
13. Small cell Ca, Bronchopneumonia, Obst vs Restrictive Lung Ds, Honeycomb lung,
eb

Ghons Complex, Primary vs Secondary TB - OTHER PCT TOPICS

D

HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISORDERS

1. Short Notes:
a. Cirrhosis of liver. 2 2016
ir

b. Complications of gall Stones. 2 2016

c. Chronic cholecystitis. 2 2016
d. Mallary body. 2 2013
e. Councilman’s bodies. 2 2014
Ab

f. Gall stones 2 2015

2. Diff between Hemolytic & Obs Jaundice. 5 2015

3. Mention three complications of gallstones. 3 2022

4. Enumerate the complications of liver cirrhosis. 3 2022

5. Explain why:
a. Usually serum AST and ALT are significantly arises in viral hepatitis. 5
2022
6.

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

16
 a. Describe the morphological changes of fatty liver ds - macro and micrscopic
both.
b. What is nutmeg liver? 3+4+3 2019
7.
a. Define cirrhosis. 2
b. Classify 3
c. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of alcoholic liver ds. 5 2012
8.
a. 4 (a + b) 2 + 3
b. Describe the morphological features and complications of alcohlic liver ds . 3+2
2021
9.
a. Define Jaundice.
b. Name different types of jaundice.
c. Describe lab findings of obs jaundice. 2014

7
10.
a. Enumerate the aetiologies of liver cirrhosis. 4

B1
b. Describe the macro and microscopic fts of any 1 type. 4
c. Mention complications of the particular type. 2 2014
11.
a. Enumerate the causes of inflammation of the liver
b. Write the morphology of the liver in any 1 type
c. Mention the fates of this type of inflammation. 2016
12.A 40-year-old man - a chronic alcoholic, has come to the OPD with swelling of his

th
abdomen, that is, ascites and history of hematemesis.
a. What is the provisional diagnosis?
b. How can you account for the sites and hematemesis?
c. write in brief the pathogenesis
na
d. what are the expected findings of the site ascitic fluid 2019
13.A 50-year-old male patient presented to the OPD with mild icterus ,
hepatosplenomegaly and edema of legs. Patient had a history of hematemesis once.
Imaging shows nodularity of liver.
a. What is your most probable diagnosis?
eb

b. What are the aetiologies of this condition?

c. name a few investigation by which this condition may be diagnosed
d. Enumerate few complications 2017
14.A 50 year old chronic alcoholic has developed ascites, splenomegaly, engorged veins
over abdomen and palmar erythema. 10s
D

a. What is the disease he is suffering from?

b. Mention the gross & microscopic findings observed in the organ primarily
involved in this disease.
c. What are the causes of ascites in this case?
ir

BREAST PATHOLOGY
Ab

1. Classify breast tumors.

Describe the macroscopic and microscopic features of any of the malignant tumors.
4+2+4 2017, 2015
2. Malignant breast tumor. 2 2009
3. Fibroadenoma breast. 2008
4. Describe the commonest invasive tumour of the breast.
5.
a. Classify carcinoma of the breast.
b. Discuss in brief the etiopathogenesis.
c. Described morphology of Paget’s ds of the nipple. 2012

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

17
 6. A 52 year old female complaining of rapidly increasing lump in the right breast since
one year. On clinical examination, the lump was fixed and hard. Right axillary lymph
nodes were found to be palpable. 10
a. What is your probable diagnosis?
b. How will you proceed to investigate this case?
c. Enumerate the prognostic markers of this case.
d. Paget's disease of the nipple. 10s

7. A 64-year-old woman presented with a hard and fixed lump in her left breast with an
enlarged hard lymph node in her left axilla.
a. What is your provisional diagnosis of the breast lesion?
b. Name the relevant investigations in such a case.
c. Classify disease condition. 2+3+5=10 2022

7
FEMALE GENITAL TRACT DISORDERS

B1
1.
a. Describe the tumors of the ovary. 3
b. Describe the germ cell tumors. 7 2021
2.
a. Classify the ovarian tumors. 4 2017, 2013
b. Describe the macro + microscopic picture of a tumor arising from any germ cell
origin. 3 + 3 2017

th
c. Describe the macro + microscopic picture of serous cystadenoma of ovary.
2013
3.
a. Define carcinoma in situ.
na
b. Write briefly the etiopathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
c. Describe the pap smear and its role. ** 2+4+4 2012
4. SN
a. Krukenberg tumor. 2017, 2013 **
b. Benign cystic teratoma. 2 2015
eb

c. Brenner Tumour. 2 2018

d. Dermoid cyst of the ovary. 2 2018
e. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia CIN. 2 2018 , PCT
f. Stroma ovari. 2 2012
g. Ovarian teratoma. 2008, 10, 07
D

h. Hydatiform mole. 2 2013,2014

i. Dysgerminoma. PCT
ir

5.
a. What is Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) of cervix?
b. What are the gross or macroscopical pictures of the lesion?
c. Mention the factors leading to Cervical Ca.
Ab

d. What is the commonest microscopic type .2019

6. Cervical cancer is preventable - Justify the statement in the light of etiopathogenesis.

2022

7. Enlarged supraclavicular lymph node is indicative of internal malignancy. Explain

2022
8.
a. Mention the etiological factors related to the carcinoma of Cervix. 4 2017, 14
b. What are its different histological types. 2017
c. Draw a diagram of microscopic picture of any one of the,. 2017
d. (a) + Describe the spread of it. 4 2014
e. What is the staging of a tumour. 2 2014
9. Changes in leiomyoma. PCT
10. Tumor markers of the germ cell tumors.
Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23
18
 11. HSV causes Cervical Cancer. Int 2023
12. Cervical Cancer is preventable. Int 2023
13. Cervical Ca is preceded by pre-malignant lesions. PCT 23
14. Patients with gastric Ca may present as bilateral ovarian masses - Explain PCT 23
15. Patients with uterine leiomyoma may present with infertility - Explain and name the
uterine lesions based on anatomical locations PCT 23

MALE GENITAL TRACT DISORDERS

1. Seminoma. 2 2019,17
2. BPH 2019,16,14
3. Prostatic Specific Antigen. 2017
4.

7
a. Classify tumors of testis

B1
b. Describe the macroscopic and microscopic fts of any 1. 2016
5. Define teratoma
a. Classify germ cell tumor of testis.
b. Describe the commonest testicular tumour with diagram. 2009
6. Benign Cystic Teratoma. 2015

1.
th GENETIC DISEASES AND PAEDIATRIC
Turner Syndrom- SN. 2021, 2017, 13, 16
na
2. Down Syndrome 2019,2018
3. Klinefilter Syndrome. 2019, 2013, 2017, 2016
4. Trisomy of 18. 2009
5. Difference between Kwashirokor and Marasmus. 2017, 2013
eb

CNS PATHOLOGY
D

1. Diff between CSF of pyogenic and Tubercular meningitis. 5 2018

ir

2. The glucose level of CSF in pyogenic meningitis is markedly low. Give reason.
2022

3. Short Notes.
Ab

a. CSF findings in acute bacterial meningitis .2 2021

b. CSF findings in tubercular meningitis.2 2017,2019
c. CSF findings in viral meningitis 2 2016, 2014
d. CSF findings in pyogenic meningitis 2 2014, 2015

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
1. Short Notes
a. Papillary carcinoma of thyroid 2021
b. Glycosylated HbA1C. 2021, 2014, 2009
c. Hashimoto thyroiditis 2 2019
d. Diabetic nephropathy 2 2012

2. Name one benign and two malignant tumors of the thyroid. 3 2022

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

19
 3.
a. Enumerate the thyroid tumors. 2
b. Describe the etiopathogenesis of medullary carcinoma of thyroid.
8 2014
4.
a. Classify the inflammatory conditions of the thyroid gland.
b. Describe the macroscopic and microscopic fts of the colloid goiter with a
diagram. 4+3+3 2016
5.
a. What is DM?
b. Classify DM
c. Write the pathophysiology of any 1 type.
d. Investigations

7
e. Mention the complications of this condition
f. What is the role of estimation of HbA1c in such cases? 2016

B1
6. A 10-year-old boy presented with an evening rise of fever, wt loss, and enlarged
matted neck gland.
a. What is probable Dx? 2
b. Lab Investigation 4
c. Describe the histology of affected gland 4 2013

th
7. A 50 yr old male - increased appetite, thirst along with frequency of micturation. O/E
big toe of right foot was found ulcerated.
a. Prov Dx?
b. Investigations
na
c. Pathogx
d. Complications

8. A 50 year old person - tiredness, excessive thirst and his disturbed sleep due to
eb

nocturia.
a. What is the professional diagnosis?
b. How will you investigate?
c. Describe the complications of this disease. 2017
D

MUSCULO SKELETAL PATHOLOGY

1.
ir

a. Classify bone tumors/bone neoplasm. 3

b. Describe macro & microscopic fts of any one of them. 3+3
c. Describe osteosarcoma. 7 2021, 2019, 2014,08,09
Ab

d. Describe radiological appearance of osteo sarcoma. 1

2018,2017, 2013, 08
2. Short note
a. Giant Cell Tumor of bone. 3 2022, 2014, 09,08,07
b. Involucrum 2 2015, 08
c. Sequestrum 2 2019, 08, 07
d. Osteosarcoma 2 2016
e. Ewing’s sarcoma. 2 2019
f. Osteogenic sarcoma 2 2009
g. Metastatic bone tumor
h. Tb arthritis
i. Osteoclastoma

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

20
 3. Name one benign and one malignant neoplasm of cartilage. 1 2022

4. Difference between
a. Sequestrum & involucrum. 5 2022, 2018
b. Mature and immature teratoma. 5 2022

5. An 8-year-old boy developed migratory arthritis of large joints and developed

palpitation, after two weeks following an episode of pharyngitis.
a. What is the probable diagnosis? 2
b. Etiopathogenesis of underlying ds. 8 2021

6. A 10-year-old boy presented with swelling over knee with pain for last 3 months.On
X-ray show a bony swelling arises from the upper end of the tibia with evidence of

7
new bone formation.O/E swelling was tender & warm.
a. What is your provisional diagnosis?

B1
b. Origin & classical radiological features of this lesion
c. Microscopic features of different types of this lesion.

SKIN PATHOLOGY
1. Give example of malignant and benign tumor of skin

th THANK YOU
na
eb
D
ir
Ab

Pathology PYQ | Abir Debnath | Batch 17 AGMC | 2022-23

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