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Pumpkin (VCS-316)

Production technology of pumpkin /

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7 views3 pages

Pumpkin (VCS-316)

Production technology of pumpkin /

Uploaded by

subhalaxmisubhu361
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Breeding of Vegetable, Tuber and Spice Crops (VCS-316)

Pumpkin

Scientific Name: Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.

Family: Cucurbitaceae

Chromosome No.: 2n = 2x = 40

Introduction

 The word “pumpkin” originated from the Greek word “pepon” means “large melon”.
 Pumpkin holds significant importance as a cucurbitaceous vegetable due to high
productivity, high nutritive value, good storability, long period of availability, better
transport quality, and extensive cultivation.
 Yerusseri or Erissery, a popular dish in Kerala, is prepared from immature pumpkin
fruits.
 Pumpkin is valued both for its immature and mature fruits, which serve various
culinary and food processing purposes.
 Along with fruits, the flowers, young tender shoots, and leaves are cooked as
vegetables.
Origin and Distribution
 Pumpkin is believed to be originated in North America.
 The centre of diversity is in the tropics near the Mexico-Guatemala border.
 Pumpkin was introduced to Chile and Argentina before finally spreading to Asia and
Europe.
 Irrespective of altitude, pumpkin is cultivated in almost all parts of the world.

Botany

 Pumpkin is a herbaceous monoecious annual with viny growth and several runners.
 The vine may be prickly or spiny and rounded or angled.
 The fruits are a type of berry known as a pepo.
 The tendrils are long and branched.
 Leaves are large, alternate, shallow to deeply-lobed, and palmate.
 Fruits are smooth or ribbed, light to dark green, cream, or yellow to orange in colour.

Pumpkin
Breeding of Vegetable, Tuber and Spice Crops (VCS-316)

 The fruit flesh is yellowish to pale orange in colour.


 The tap root system is strong, efficient, and goes substantially down in the soil.

Floral Biology

 Flowers are unisexual and occur singly in the axils of leaves.


 Staminate flowers are borne on longer and slender pedicel than pistillate flowers.
 The flowers are large, showy with yellow or creamy corolla.
 The pollination is entomophilous.
 Anthesis starts at 5 am and completed by 10 am.
 Anther dehiscence also takes place at the same time accompanied by receptivity of the
stigma.

Breeding Objectives

 High yield
 Earliness
 High female to male sex ratio
 Development of short or medium vines with high degree of female sex expression
 High beta carotene and sugar content
 Thick flesh and small seed cavity
 Resistance to major biotic and abiotic stresses

Breeding Methods

 Inbreeding
 Individual plant selection
 Heterosis breeding
 Interspecific hybridization
 Tissue culture
 Molecular breeding

Pumpkin
Breeding of Vegetable, Tuber and Spice Crops (VCS-316)

Important Varieties

 Pusa Vikas
 Pusa Vishwas
 Pusa Hybrid-1
 Arka Chandan
 Kashi Shishir
 Kashi Harit
 CO 1
 CO 2
 Ambili
 Saras
 Solan Badami
 Anand Pumpkin-1
 Azad Pumpkin-1
 Narendra Agrim
 Narendra Abhooshan
 Narendra Amrit

Pumpkin

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