PRELIM 1 – 2024 – 2025

GEOGRAPHY

Time allowed: Two hours

Class: X

Date: 27/09/2024 Marks: 80

Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately.

You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
The time given at the header of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Part I is compulsory. All questions from Part I are to be attempted.
A total of five questions are to be attempted from Part II.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].

To be supplied with this Paper: Survey of India Map Sheet no. G43S7 and 20 cm of twine.
Note:
(i) In all Map Work, make wise use of arrows to avoid overcrowding of the map.
(ii) The extract Survey of India Map Sheet no. G43S7 must not be taken out of the
examination hall. It must be handed over to the Supervising Examiner on completion
of the paper.
(iii) The Map of India, after marking, must be fastened to your answer booklet.
(iv) All sub-sections of the questions attempted must be answered in the correct
serial order.
(v) All working including rough work should be done on the same answer sheet which
is used to answer the rest of the paper.

Part I (30 marks)

(Attempt all questions from this Part)

Question 1.

Study the extract of the Survey of India Map sheet no G43S7 (Eastings 36-46 and

Northings 85-95) and answer the following questions:

(i) (a) Give the six-figure grid reference for ∆364 [2]

(b) Explain the meaning of BM 224.6 in 4485

(ii) With reference to Balaram Nadi answer the following questions [2]

(a) Mention the direction of flow of the river and give reason for your conclusion

(b) Name a settlement that lies on the left bank of the Balaram Nadi.
(iii) Suppose we are trekking from .301 in 4193 to ∆217 in 3890. [2]

(a) Calculate the shortest distance in km between the two above-mentioned points.

(b) What is the direction in which we will travel to reach ∆217 from .301?

(iv) (a) The region experiences seasonal and scanty rainfall. Give two evidence from the

map to prove it. [2]

(b) Identify the drainage pattern in 3991 and 3987.

(v) (a) Calculate area between eastings 39 to 42 and northings 86 to 88. [2]

(b) Identify two landforms formed by contours in the grid 4086.

Question 2.

On the outline map of India provided:

(i) Mark and label the IT Capital City of India. [1]

(ii) Mark and label the Vindhya Mountains. [1]

(iii) Mark and label the largest saltwater (brackish) lake in India. [1]

(iv) Mark and label the Standard Meridian of India. [1]

(v) Mark and label the area where black soil is found in Gujarat. [1]

(vi) Mark and label the Kanara Coast. [1]

(vii) Mark and label the oldest oilfield in India. [1]

(viii) Mark and label the winds bringing rain to the Konkan Coast. [1]

(ix) Mark and label the mineral-rich plateau which is also known as the Ruhr of

India. [1]

(x) Mark and label the river Indus. [1]

Question 3.

Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options. [10]

(Do not copy the questions, write the correct answers only.)

(i) The southern coastal regions experience equable type of climate due to:
 (a) humidity

(b) the proximity of the sea

(c) atmospheric pressure

(d) temperature

(ii) Assertion (A): Alluvial soil develops on igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the

eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau.

Reason (R): Red soils are also found in parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and along

the piedmont zone of the western ghats (Konkan Coast).

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true and R is false.

(d) A is false and R is true

(iii) Which of the following is not a characteristic of desert vegetation?

(a) short stunted growth of vegetation

(b) thick fleshy stem

(c) broad leaves

(d) long and deep roots

(iv) Which of the following is correctly matched?

(a) Tube well – Karnataka

(b) Tank – Punjab

(c) Lined well – Uttar Pradesh

(d) Canal – Mizoram

(v) The --------- lignite field in Tamil Nadu is the largest lignite deposit field in South

India.

(a) Khetri

(b) Neyveli

(c) Kudremukh

(d) Nellore

(vi) BHEL and SAIL are categorised under which of the following industries?

(a) Public Sector Industries

(b) Private Sector Industries

(c) Co-operative Sector Industries

(d) Joint Sector Industries

(vii) Which of the following is the first public company port in India?

(a) Ennore Port

(b) Nhava Sheva

(c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port

(d) Kandla Port

(viii) Ashok is a farmer having a small farmland in North Western part of Rajasthan and

grows fruits and vegetables. He has been plagued with scarcity of water. This has

led to poor harvest due to lack of proper irrigation facilities. A few agricultural

experts have suggested some alternatives for irrigation purposes. Which irrigation

method might have been suggested to Ashok considering the location of his

farmland?

(a) Persian Wheel Method

(b) Sprinkler Irrigation Method

 (c) Drip Irrigation

(d) Tank Irrigation

(ix) Which of the following methods of disposal is best applicable for the waste

depicted in the picture below:

(a) Burning of waste in open area

(b) Recycling of waste

(c) Dumping

(d) Composting

(x) Assertion (A): NSEW Corridor connects Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir to

Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu.

Reason (R): East–West Corridor connects Silchar in Assam to Porbandar in

Gujarat.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true and R is false.

(d) A is false and R is true.

Part II (50 marks)

(Attempt any five questions from this Part.)

Question 4.

(i) Distinguish between ‘Burst of Monsoon’ and ‘Break of Monsoon.’ [2]

(ii) Read the news article and answer the questions that follow: [2]

Mumbai Wakes Up to Heavy Rains, Waterlogging; IMD Issues

Red Warning for Mumbai

Thursday, July 18: Mumbai woke up to heavy rains on Thursday morning, resulting in

significant waterlogging across several parts of the city. The torrential downpours severely

affected areas such as Gandhi Market, Dadar, Hindmata, Parel, Andheri subway, and

Sion, leading to a slowdown in traffic and commuter difficulties.

The weather disruption is attributed to a cyclonic circulation over Saurashtra and Kutch at

lower tropospheric levels. This system is expected to bring heavy to very heavy rainfall

over Konkan in the next five days, with isolated instances of extremely heavy rainfall

likely on July 18.

The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has issued alerts for high tides in the

Arabian Sea around 9:35 PM, measuring 3.23 meters. Residents are advised to take

necessary precautions and avoid venturing near the sea during these times.

(a) Which wind and branch bring rain to the city of Mumbai?

(b) Give reason to explain why this branch does not provide relief from rain in Tamil

Nadu coast.

(iii) Give a geographical reason for each of the following: [3]

(a) Kerala has the longest rainy season.

(b) Central Maharashtra gets less rainfall than the coastal area of Maharashtra.

(c) In spite of the Aravalli Range, Rajasthan receives scanty rainfall.

(iv) Study the climatic data of station X given below and answer the questions that

follow: [3]

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature 24.5 25.7 27.7 28.4 30.0 32.5 31.0 30.2 29.8 28.0 25.9 24.7
°C

Rainfall cm 4.3 1.6 1.7 2.4 2.8 4.6 8.6 11.4 11.8 30.6 35.0 13.9
 (a) Calculate the annual rainfall experienced by the station.

(b) What is the annual range of temperature?

(c) On which coast does station X lie? Give one reason to support your answer.

Question 5.

(i) (a) Which is the second largest soil group in India? [2]

(b) Name two crops that can be grown in this soil.

(ii) Explain the following terms: [2]

(a) Humus

(b) In Situ

(iii) Give geographical reason for the following: [3]

(a) Black soil is residual soil.

(b) Red soils are generally infertile.

(c) Van Mahotsav can help in soil conservation.

(iv) (a) What are shelter belts? [3]

(b) How is it different from strip cropping?

(c) Which state in India can get maximum benefit by practicing strip cropping?

Question 6.

(i) SDG 15 explicitly refers to focusing on forests, protecting, and restoring forests, and

making sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems to reduce the loss of biodiversity.

Considering SDG 15, between Agro Forestry and Social Forestry, which kind of

forestry should be adopted to conserve the soil in a sustainable way. State one

objective of the adopted method of forestry. [2]

(ii) Explain the following terms: [2]

(a) Silviculture

(b) Reforestation

(iii) Give geographical reason for the following: [3]

(a) Nilgiri region has a variety of vegetation types.

 (b) The trees in Monsoon Deciduous Forests shed their leaves for about 6-8 weeks

during March and April.

(c) Littoral forest is also called Tidal Forest.

(iv) Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: [3]

(a) Identify the forest from the picture given above.

(b) State two characteristics of vegetation found in this forest.

Question 7.

(i) Read the article given below and answer the questions that follow: [2]

“Dahisar school saves 5 lakh litre water over 8 years”

As the city which is reeling under a water crisis eagerly awaits the monsoon, a

school at Dahisar has gone the extra mile and saved more than 5 lakh litres of

water over eight years. Since 2008, Universal High School at Dahisar has been

harvesting rainwater every year through a simple project that recharges

groundwater and reuses it for non-potable purposes, such as in the washroom and

garden. Keeping in mind the importance of conserving water, the project was

initiated during the school’s inception eight years ago.

“Water is a precious resource and as an educational institution, we need to set an

example so that our children learn from it. It is a fundamental responsibility to

conserve water,” said Jesus Lall, chairman and chief executive officer, Universal

Education Group.

Universal Education Group has eight schools, three colleges and four technical

institutes across Mumbai, where similar projects have been installed. However, the

one at Dahisar, which has more than 2,500 students, has been the most successful.
 At the school, two pits have been dug – each of which is 25 feet wide. These pits act

as catchment areas. A pipe connects the pits to a tank, which is also connected to a

114-ft-deep borewell that recharges the groundwater.

(a) What is a catchment? In the above article about rainwater harvesting, how

many catchments have been built?

(b) Mention two methods of rainwater harvesting practised in different parts of

India in the olden days.

(ii) What is a tubewell? Why is it useful during drought conditions? [2]

(iii) Give geographical reason for the following: [3]

(a) Tank irrigation is commonly practised in Tamil Nadu.

(b) Inundation Canals are being converted to Perennial canals.

(c) Sprinkler Irrigation is practised in arid and semi-arid areas.

(iv) (a) Give two reasons for the need for irrigation in India. [3]

(b) Mention one disadvantage of spray irrigation.

Question 8.

(i) Name the four varieties of Iron Ore found in India. [2]

(ii) (a) Which mineral is useful in the reduction of nitrates and algae? [2]

(b) Name the river on which Hirakud Dam is built.

(iii) Give geographical reason for the following: [3]

(a) Many port cities have their own oil refineries.

(b) Coal is called a versatile mineral.

(c) Solar energy is gaining popularity in India.

(iv) Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: [3]
 (a) Identify the non - conventional source of energy being produced.

(b) Mention two economic benefits of this energy resource.

Question 9.

(i) “Though Uttar Pradesh has the largest number of sugar mills, yet Maharashtra is

the largest producer of sugar.” Give two reasons to justify this statement. [2]

(ii) What is Sericulture? Name any two types of Silk. [2]

(iii) The electronic industry has made an impact on both media and education. Give

three reasons to support your answer. [3]

(iv) How is it advantageous for a mini steel plant [3]

(a) to use electrical furnace

(b) not to be located close to the location of the raw material.

(c) From where does the integrated steel plant at Bhilai get its requirement of iron

and coal?

Question 10.

(i) (a) State one important difference between an expressway and a highway. [2]

(b) Name the first expressway constructed in the country.

(ii) On a daily basis commuters are facing a harrowing time commuting to their

workplace and back. The continuous construction activities, bad condition of roads,

lack of proper public transport are making commuters suffer. New alternatives in

public transport are an urgent need of the hour.

 As a student of Geography, suggest two alternatives and how they will help ease

the traffic and commuting woes of the commuters in a Tier 1 city like Mumbai? [2]

(iii) Give geographical reason for the following: [3]

(a) Railways are not well developed in the North Eastern states of India.

(b) Air transport has gained popularity in recent times in India.

(c) NSEW is helpful for India.

(iv) State three advantages of Roadways over Railways. [3]

Question 11.

(i) Explain the following terms: [2]

(a) Eutrophication

(b) Bio-accumulation

(ii) Overpopulation, urbanisation and the growing technology are among the few

reasons for solid waste pollution. The rising population has led to the production of

more waste, with every passing year people have several kinds of stuff to use and

discard.

Mention two harmful effects of waste accumulation on terrestrial animals. [2]

(iii) (a) Mention how segregation has helped to reduce Municipal Waste? (one

advantage)

(b) Mention two advantages of sanitary landfills over open dumping. [3]

(iv) (a) What are the 3 R’s of waste management? [3]

(b) Give an example of how sugarcane and plastic can be recycled.

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