Sl.

no Chapter Name Learning Points Marks

1 Real Numbers Accomplish being irrational
Product of Prime Factors
Or HCF MCM 2+2 / 3+1

2 Polynomials Polynomial exponent/structure

The emptiness of polytheism is 2+2 / 3+1
found and the relation is drawn

3 Simultaneous equation Comparing a b c

in Two variables Graph 7
Cancelation method
4 Quadratic Equation Analyzing the nature of roots
A quadratic equation is the
product of the sum of the roots 2+2 / 3+1

5 Athematic Progression Formulas, a, d, n, an Problems

1+2

6 Co-ordinates Geometry Finding Distance between pints

Section formula 2+2 / 3+1

7 Introduction to Trigonometric Ratios 1+2

trigonometry
8 Triangles Theorems 4/5
9 Circles Theorems 3
10 Area related to circles Formulae and small Problems 1+1
11 Probability Small problems
12 Statistics Mean Mode median 6
13 Mensuration Formulae and small Problems
1+1

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4
 Real Number
Class:10 Marks :02
Learning Point Prove the irrational numbers
Solved Examples
1) Prove that 2+√5 is irrational number 2) Prove that 5+3√2 is a irrational number
Solutions :- let us assume 2+√5 is a rational Solutions :-5+3√2 rational number
𝓅
number 5+3√2 = where p, q∈ z, q≠0
𝓅 𝓆
2+√5 = where p, q∈ z, q≠0 𝓅
𝓆 √2 = -5
𝓅 𝓆
√5 =
𝓆
-2 √2 =
𝑝−5𝑞
3𝑞
𝑝−2𝑞
√5 = p & q whole numbers
𝑞
𝑝−5𝑞
p & q whole numbers So is rational number
3𝑞
𝑝−2𝑞
So is rational number but √2 is not a rational numbers
𝑞
But √5 is not a rational numbers our our assumption is wrong 5+3√2 is not rational
assumption is wrong number
So 2+√5 is irrational number 5+3√2 is irrational number

Try yourself
1 Prove that 5+√3 is a irrational number JUNE 2019
2 Prove that 3+√5is a irrational number MARCH 2019
3 Prove that √2+√5 is a irrational number
4 Prove that √3+√2 is a irrational number
5 Prove that 3+2√5 is a irrational number
6 Prove that 5 +3√2 is a irrational number
7 Prove that 5+3√2 is a irrational number
8 Prove that √3 is a irrational number 2020
9 Prove that 6+4√2 is a irrational number
10 Prove that √5 is a irrational number 2020

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 Chapter Real Numbers
Class: 10 Mark -02
Learning point Prime factorization of given number
Solved example
Express 72 as a product of prime factors 72 LCM of (24 36) is 48 then, Find the HCF (24 36).

Solutions: Solutions:
2 72 A= 24 , B= 36
2 36 AxB=HxL
2 18 24 x 36 = H x 48
24 𝑥 36
3 9 ∴𝐻= = 18
48
3 3 H=18
1

72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 23 × 32

“Try your self ” Answers

1 Express 96 as a products of prime factors -June 2019 25 × 3
2 Express 120 as a products of prime factors - Model 2019 23 × 3 × 5
3 Express 150 as a products of prime factors 22 × 3 × 13
4 Find the HCF and LCM by prime factorization method ( 510, 92) 23460
2
5 Express 140 as a products of prime factors Model 2019 2 ×5×7
6 Find the HCF and LCM of ( 26 & 91 ) and Verify it 2366 = 2366
7 HCF of (306 657) is 12 .Find the LCM Sept 2020 22338
8 Find the HCF of ( 135, 225) using division lemma 45
9 Find the LCM and HCF 12, 15 & 21 by prime factorization method 420

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 Polynomials
Class: 10 Marks -02
Learning points Find the Zero of polynomials

Solved Examples
1) Find the zero s of polynomial P(x) = x 2 + 2x − 15
′

Ans: 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15 = 0
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 15 = 0
𝑥(𝑥 + 5) − 3(𝑥 + 5) = 0
(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥+5=0 𝑥−3=0
𝑥 = −5 or 𝑥 = 3
∴ 𝑥 = −5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 3.

Try your self Answers

1 Write the degree of polynamial P(x) = x 3 + 2x 2 − 5x − 6 3
June 2019
2 Write the degree of polynamial P(x) = 2x 2 − x 3 + 5 3
3 Find the Zero′ sof polynamils P(x) = x 2 − 3 𝑥 = √3, 𝑥 = −√3
4 Find the Zero′ sof polynamils P(x) = x 2 − 2x − 8 𝑥 = 4 𝑜𝑟 − 2
5 Find the Zero′ sof polynamils P(x) = x 2 − 7x + 12 𝑥 = 4 𝑜𝑟 3
6 If one of zero′ s of polynamial P(x) = x 2 − 6x + 𝑘=8
k is twice the another then find the value of k
[Apl-2020]

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 Quadratic Equations
Class-10 Marks:-02
Learning Point Find the discriminant value and Nature of roots of quadratic
equations
Discriminant =∆= 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Standard form of quadratic equation a𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
Discriminant Nature of roots
2
𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0 Real and equal
𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 Real and Distinct
2
𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0 No real roots
Solved Examples
1) The discriminant and nature of the roots of the quadratic equation 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0

Try these Ans

2 ∆=-8, ∆< No real roots
1 2𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 MAR2019
2 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2 = 0 model 2020 ∆=1, ∆> 0 roots are Real and Distinct
3 4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 = 0 ∆=0, ∆= 0 roots are Real and equal
4 4𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 0 ∆=0, ∆= 0 roots are Real and equal
5 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4 = 0 ∆=-7, ∆< 0 No real roots
6 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 5 = 0 ∆=-31, ∆< 0 No real roots
7 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 0 ∆=0, ∆= 0 roots are Real and equal
8 2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 3 = 0 ∆=12 ∆> 0 roots are Real and Distinct
9 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 3 = 0 ∆=-23 ∆< 0 No real roots

MATHEMATICS DITRICT FORUM , DHARWAD

8
 Arithmetic progression
Class : 10 Marks-01
Leaning Points nth term of AP and common difference
𝒹=𝒶2 − 𝒶1
Solved Examples
1. The nth term of an Arithmetic 2. In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =7-4n. Then
Progression is an=4n+ 5. Find its find common difference.
5th term.
Solution;- 𝒶𝓃 =4 n +5 Solution;- 𝒶𝓃 =7-4 n 𝒹=𝒶2 − 𝒶1
𝒶5 =4 (5) +5 𝒶𝓃 =7-4 n 𝒶2 = 7 − 4 (2) 𝒹=-1-3
𝒶5 =20 +5 𝒶1 = 7 − 4 (1) 𝒶2 =7-8 𝒹=−4
𝒶5 =25 𝒶1 =7-4 𝒶2 =-1
𝒶1 =3

Try your self

th
1 If In an arithmetic Progression n term is 𝒶𝓃 =24-3 n Then find a2 March 2019
2 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =5 n +3 Then find 3rd term June 2019
3 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =4 n2 -1 Then find 8th term Model 2019
4 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =3 n -2 Then find 9th term
5 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =2n2 -2 Then find 3rd term
6 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =3 n2 + n Then find 3rd term
7 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =2 n +1 then find common difference April 2020
8 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =4 n - 5 Then find 5th term
9 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =5n-8 Then find 5th term
10 If In an arithmetic Progression nth term is 𝒶𝓃 =3n +5 Then find 5th term

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 Arithmetic progression
Class -10 Marks:-02
Learning points Find the nth term of AP
Formula to be use an = a + (n − 1)d
Points to be remember When values of terms AP are in decreasing order then
common difference be -ve . When values of terms AP are in
increasing order then common difference be +ve.
Solved Examples
1. 5,8,11 are in AP then find a30 -3, -1, .1,3 are in AP then find 11th term July 2021
Apl 2022
Sol;- 𝑎 = 5, 𝑑 = 8 − 5 = 3, Sol- 𝑎 = −3, 𝑑 = −1 − (−3) = 2, 𝑛 = 11 an =?
𝑛 = 30 an =? an = a + (n − 1)d
an = a + (n − 1)d a11 = −3 + (11 − 1)2
a30 = 5 + (30 − 1)3 a11 = −3 + 10(2)
a30 = 5 + 29(3) a11 = −3 + 20
a30 = 5 + 87 a11 = 17
a30 = 92

Try your selves Ans

1 2,5,8 ,------ Are the terms of AP.Find the 12th term of AP (july-2023) 35
2 3,6,9--- Are the terms of AP.Find the 15th term of AP (july 2022) 45
3 6,10,14---- Are the terms of AP.Find the 18th term of AP ( March 2022) 74
4 1,5,9,13---- Are the terms of AP.Find the 20th term of AP (july 2021) 77
5 2,7,12.------ Are the terms of AP.Find the 10th term of AP 47
6 21. 18, 15---- Are the terms of AP.Find the 10th term of AP -6
7 10,7,4--- Are the terms of AP.Find the 11th term of AP -20
8 5.9,13---- Are the terms of AP.Find the 10th term of AP. 41
9 2,6,10,14---- Are the terms of AP.Find the 25th term of AP 98
10 3,10,17,24--- Are the terms of AP.Find the 6th term of AP 38

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 Arithmetic Progression
Calss :-10 Marks:-02
Learning points To find sum of nth terms
Formula to be use : n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
Points to be remember First term is “a1’ common difference is 𝒹=𝒶2 − 𝒶1
Model Problems
1. 10,15,20 …. Are the terms of AP then If nth term is 28 and S9 = 144. Then find first term
find sum of 20 terms Apl 2022
Sol;-𝑎 = 10, 𝑑 = 15 − 10 = 5, 𝑛 = Sol;- 𝑎 =? , ℓ = 28 𝑛 = 9 Sn = 144
20 Sn =? n
n Sn = [a + ℓ]
2
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d] 9
2 144 = [a + 28]
20
S20 = [2(10) + (20 − 1)5] 2
2 288=9[a + 28]
=10(20+19(5)
288=9 a +252
=10(20+95)
9 a = 288 − 252 = 36
=10(115) 36
S =1150 9 a = 36 a= =4 a=4
20 9
Try your selves Answers
1 7,11,15. . .are the terms of AP then Find Sum of first 16 terms (July2022) 35
2 3,6,9--- are the terms of AP Sn = 165 . Find the number of terms ( July 2022) 45
3 2+7+12---- are the terms of AP then Find Sum of first 20 terms April 2019 74
4 5,+8,+11+---- are the terms of AP then Find Sum of first 10 terms (July2020) 77
5 5,+10+,15. . .are the terms of AP then Find Sum of first 20 terms Sept 2020 47
6 2+5+8---- are the terms of AP then Find Sum of first 30 terms -6
7 , d = 2 ℓ = 4, Sn = −14 a =?, n = ? -20
8 ℓ = 62 , a = 8, Sn = 210 n = ? d =? 41

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 Arithmetic Progression
Class:-10 Marks:-02
Learning Point Find the Sum of nth terms
Formula n
Sn = [(n + 1)]
2
Points Remember
Sum of Even numbers =Sn =n(n+1)
Sum of odd numbers =Sn =𝑛2

Model Problems
1. Find the sum of first 20 positive 2. Find the sum of first 40 numbers which are divisible
whole numbers April 2022 by 6

Solution ;- 𝑆𝑛 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + − Solution;- 𝑆𝑛 =6+12+18+24+----40£É

𝑆𝑛 =6(1+2+3+4+---40
𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 𝑆𝑛 = ∑ 𝑛 =
𝑛(𝑛+1)
𝑆𝑛 = ∑ 𝑛 = 2
2 40(40+1)
20(20 + 1) 𝑆𝑛 = 6 ( )
𝑆𝑛 == 2
2 = 6 (20 ∗ 41) = 6 (820) = 4920
10(21)
𝑆𝑛 == =210
1

Try yours self

1 Find the sum of first 50 odd number by using Arithmetic Progressionformuala

2 Find the sum of first 10 even number by using Arithmetic Progression formuala
3 Find the sum of first 25 positive whole numbers by using Arithmetic Progression formuala
4 Find the sum of first 10 odd number by using Arithmetic Progression formuala
5 Find How many 3 didgits numbers are divisibe by 3 using Arithmetic Progression formuala
6 Find how many first 15 positive whole numbers are divisible by 8 Arithmetic Progression
formuala
7 Find how many first 10 positive whole numbers are divisible by 11 Arithmetic Progression
formuala
Find how many first 15 positive whole numbers are divisible by 2 & 3 Arithmetic Progression
8 formuala

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 Simultaneous equation in two variables
Learning points
Marks -01
Class :-10
Camparing ratios

Graphical represents Ratios Solution

𝑎1 𝑏1
≠
Intersect lines 𝑎2 𝑏2 Unique Solution

𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1
= =
Coincedent lines 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2 Infinity many solution

𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1
= ≠
Parallel Lines 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2 No solution

Try your self

1 𝑖𝑓 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0 & 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0 𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1
= =
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑎𝑟𝑒
2 𝑖𝑓 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 9 = 0 & 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 18 = 0 Coincident lines
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 April 2019
3 If 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0 & 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 12 = 0 graphically represents then Parallel lines
lines are Sept 2020
4 𝑖𝑓 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0 & 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0 𝑎1 𝑏1
≠
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎2 𝑏2

5 𝑖𝑓 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑎1 𝑏1 Coincident lines

= =
𝑎2 𝑏2
𝑐1
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒
𝑐2
6 If two simultaneous equation have no solution then solution of equation June 2020
7 𝑖𝑓 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0 & 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0 equation have ratio 𝑎1 ≠ 𝑏1 these have
𝑎2 𝑏2
solution
8 These 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 10 & 8𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 20 equation have how many solution

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 Simultaneous equation in two variables
Class: 10 Marks :-2
Learning point Solving Simultaneous equation in two variables
Model problem
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 14 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 Solve 2. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 11 & 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 13
June 2019
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 14 -----(1) Put x value in eq (1) 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 11 ---(1) Put x value in eq (1)
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 …… (2) 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 14 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 13--- (2) 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 11
2𝑥 = 18 9 + 𝑦 = 14 8𝑥 =24 3(3) + 2𝑦 = 11
18 𝑦 = 14 -9 24 9 + 2𝑦 = 11
𝑥= 𝑦=5 𝑥 = 2𝑦 = 11 − 9
2 8
2
𝑥=3 𝑦 = =1 𝑦=1
2
𝑥=9

Try your self Ans

1 Solve 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1 [April 2022] 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 2
2 Solve 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7 & 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 [July 2022] 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 1
3 Solve 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 11 & 2𝑥 − 4𝑦 = −24 [September 2020] 𝑥 = −2, 𝑦 = 5
4 Solve 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 11 & 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 [April 2020] 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 5
5 Solve 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 & 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 5 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 1
6 Solve 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 3
7 Solve 10𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 75 & 6𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 11 [MQP-1,2020] 𝑥 = 6, 𝑦 = 5
8 Solve 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 & 2𝑦 − 𝑥 = 1 [MQP-2,2021] 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦 = 3

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 Simultaneous equation in two variables
Class 10 Marks :-4
Learning Points Solve Simultaneous equation in two variables by graphically
Model problem
Solve Simultaneous equation in two variables by graphically
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7 & 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1 April 2020
Solution 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 1 ---(2)
𝑦 = 7 − 𝑥 -----(1)
𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 =7−0 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 3(0) − 1
=7 = 0 − 1 = −1
𝑥=1 𝑦 =7−1 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 3(1) − 1
=6 =3−1=2
𝑥=2 𝑦 =7−2 𝑥=2 𝑦 = 3(2) − 1
=5 =6−1=5
𝑥=3 𝑦 =7−3 𝑥=3 𝑦 = 3(3) − 1
=4 =9−1=8

x 0 1 2 3 X 0 1 2 3
y 7 6 5 4 Y -1 2 5 8

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 Solve Simultaneous equation in two variables by graphically:
Try your self Ans
1 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 & 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 [Sept -2020] 𝑥 =3, 𝑦=2
2 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1 [June -2019] 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦=2
3 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 & 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 [April -2019] 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦=2
4 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5 [April -2022] 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦=1
5 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 7 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 [June -2022] 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦=3
6 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7 & 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦=5
7 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10 & 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦=2
8 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 & 4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 = +1, 𝑦=0
9 𝑥+𝑦 =5 & 𝑥−𝑦 =1 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦=2
10 𝑥+𝑦 =7 & 𝑥−𝑦 =1 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦=3
11 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10 & 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦=2
12 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 & 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦=2
13 𝑌 = 2𝑥 + 1 & 𝑥 = 2𝑦 − 5 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦=3
14 𝑥 + 𝑦 = −2 & 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 8 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = −4
15 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦=6
16 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 14 & 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 = 9, 𝑦 = 15

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Learning points Topic:-Coordinate geometry
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-1
Solving learning points Finding distance from origin using formula.
Formula to be used ∴ 𝑑 = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
Points to be remembered 12 =1, 22 =4, 32 =9, 42 =16, 52 =25, 62 =36,( −2)2 =4
√25=5, √36=6, √49=7, √100=10
Examples
1. Find the distance between the points (-6,8) and origin.
∴ 𝑑 = √(𝑥)2 + (𝑦)2
𝑑 = √(−6)2 + (8)2 X Y
= √36 + 64 -6 8
= √100
∴ 𝑑 = 10 units

“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
1. Find the distance between the points (3,4) and origin. d=5 units
2. Find the distance between the points (5,4) and origin. 𝑑 = √41 units
3. Find the distance between the points P(4,3) and origin. 4units
4. Find the distance from x-axis and point A (5,2) 2 units
5. Find the distance between the points P(a,b) and origin. 𝑑 = √𝑎 2 + 𝑏 2
6. Find the distance between the points (7,24) and origin. d=25 units
7. Find the distance between the points (5,12) and origin. d=13 units
8. Find the distance between the points (-8,15) and origin. d=17 units
9. Find the distance between the points (x, y) and origin. √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2

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Learning points Topic:-Coordinate geometry
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-2
Solving learning points Find the distance between the points by using formula
Formula to be used ∴ 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
Points to be 12 =1, 22 =4, 32 =9, 42 =16, 52 =25, 62 =36,( −2)2 =4
remembered √25=5, √8 = 2√2, √36=6
Examples
1. Find the distance between the points A (2, 6) and B(5, 10) by using formula
∴ 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
𝑑 = √(5 − 2)2 + (10 − 6)2 𝑥1 𝑦1 𝑥2 𝑦2
= √3 + 4
2 2 2 6 5 10
= √9 + 16
= √25
∴ 𝑑 = 5 units
“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
1. Find the distance between the points P (2,3) and Q(4, 1) by using 2√2
formula.
2. Find the distance between the points (3, 1) and (6,2) by using √10
formula.
3. Find the distance between the points (2,3) and (6,-8) by using √32 = 2√8
formula.
4. Find the distance between the points (-5, 7) and (-1,3) by 4√2
using formula.
5. Find the distance between the points (2, 3) and (0,-9) by using 2√10
formula.
6. If the distance between the points (3, 1) and (0,-x) is 5 units x=5
then find value of ‘x’.
7. If the distance between the points (k,3) and (2,3) is 5 units then k=-3
find value of ‘k’.
8. Find the distance between the points (1,3) and (3,7) by using 2√5
formula.

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18
Learning points Topic:-Coordinate geometry
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-2
Solving learning points Finding coordinates of midpoint of two points
Formula to be used 𝑥2 + 𝑥1 𝑦2 + 𝑦1
∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ]
2 2
Points to be
remembered
Examples
1. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining the points P(3,4) and Q(5,6)
Solution:
𝑥2 + 𝑥1 𝑦2 + 𝑦1
∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ] 𝑥1 𝑦1 𝑥2 𝑦2
2 2
5+3 6+4 3 4 5 6
∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ]
2 2
8 10
=[ , ]
2 2

∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = (4, 5)
“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
1. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (3, 5)
the points (2,3) and (4,7)
2. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (5, 5)
the points (3,2) and (7,8).
3. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (6, 2)
the points (4,5) and (8,-1).
4. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (−3, 4)
the points (-4,2) and (-2,6).
5. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (2, 3)
the points (-3,-2) and (7,8).
6. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (−3, 4)
the points (1,2) and (-7,6).
7. Find the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining (3, 2)
the points (4,7) and (2,-3).

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Learning points Topic:-Coordinate geometry
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-2
Solving learning points Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points
𝐴(𝑥1, 𝑦1 ) and 𝐵(𝑥2, 𝑦2 ) in the ratio 𝑚1 : 𝑚2
Formula to be used 𝑚1 𝑥2 + 𝑚2 𝑥1 𝑚1 𝑦2 + 𝑚2 𝑦1
∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ]
𝑚1 + 𝑚2 𝑚1 + 𝑚2
Examples
1. In the what ratio does the point 𝑃(−4,6) 2.Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line
divide the line segment joining the points A(- joining the points (1,6) and (4, 3) in the ratio 1: 2.
6,10) & B (3,-8)
Solution :- (𝑥1, 𝑦1 ) = (−6,10), (𝑥2, 𝑦2 ) = Solution :- (𝑥1, 𝑦1 ) = (1,6), (𝑥2, 𝑦2 ) = (4,3),
(3, −8), 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = (−4,6) 𝑚1 : 𝑚2 =? 𝑚1 : 𝑚2 = 1: 2, 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) =?
𝑚1 𝑥2 + 𝑚2 𝑥1 𝑚1 𝑦2 + 𝑚2 𝑦1 𝑚1 𝑥2 + 𝑚2 𝑥1 𝑚1 𝑦2 + 𝑚2 𝑦1
𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ] 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ]
𝑚1 + 𝑚2 𝑚1 + 𝑚2 𝑚1 + 𝑚2 𝑚1 + 𝑚2

𝑚1 (3)+𝑚2 (−6) 𝑚1 (−8)+𝑚2 (10)⬚ 1(4) + 2(1) 1(3) + 2(6)

𝑃(−4,6)= [ , ] ∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = [ , ]
𝑚1 +𝑚2 𝑚1 +𝑚2
1+2 1+2
𝑚1 (3)+𝑚2 (−6) 𝑚1 (−8)+𝑚2 (10)⬚
=[ , ]
𝑚1 +𝑚2 𝑚1 +𝑚2
𝑥 ¤zÉÃð±ÁAPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀjzÀÆV¹zÁUÀ 4 + 2 3 + 12
3𝑚 −6𝑚2 =[ , ]
-4= 1 , 3 3
𝑚1 +𝑚2

6 15
-4𝑚1 -4𝑚2 = 3𝑚1 − 6𝑚2 =[ , ]
3 3
4𝑚1 + 3𝑚1 = 6𝑚2 -4𝑚2
7𝑚1 =2𝑚2 ∴ 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑃(2,5)
𝑚1 2
=
𝑚2 7
𝑚1 : 𝑚2 = 2: 7
“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
1. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points A(4, -3) and (7, 3)
B (8,5) in the ratio 3:1.
2. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points (2, 1) and (5, 4)
(7,6) in the ratio 3:2.
3. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points (-3,5) and (−2,3)
(4,-9) in the ratio 1:6.
4. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points (-2,7) and (1, 1)
(3,-3) in the ratio 3:2.
5. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points (-3,5) and (−2, 3)
(4,-9) in the ratio 1:6.
6. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining the points (-3,6) and 1
(− , 4)
(1,-2) in the ratio 1:3 2

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Learning points Topic:-Statistics
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-3
Solving learning points Finding mean
Formula to be used Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
= 𝑥̅ =
Σ𝑓𝑖
Examples
Find the mean for the following grouped
Class-interval Frequency Mid-point𝑓 𝑥 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
𝑖 𝑖
0-10 3 05 15 Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 𝑥̅ =
10-20 5 15 75 Σ𝑓𝑖
20-30 9 25 225
30-40 5 35 175 625
=
40-50 3 45 135 25
Σ𝑓𝑖 = 25 Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 = 625
𝑥̅ = 25

“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
Find the mean for the following grouped data by Direct Method:
1 Class-interval 5- 15-25 25-35 35- 45- Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 = 625
15 45 55
Frequency 1 3 5 4 2 𝑥̅ = 32
2 Class-interval 0-4 5-9 10-14 15- 20- Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 = 240
19 24
Frequency 1 5 8 5 1 𝑥̅ = 12
3 Class-interval 10- 20-30 30-40 40- 50- Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 = 760
20 50 60
Frequency 2 3 5 7 3 𝑥̅ = 30
4 Class-interval 5- 15-25 25-35 35- 45- Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 =
15 45 55
Frequency 4 3 6 5 2 𝑥̅ = 24
5 Class-interval 0- 10-20 20-30 30- 40- 50- 60-
10 40 50 60 70
Frequency 3 8 10 15 7 4 3 𝑥̅ = 32.8
6 Class-interval 5- 15-25 25-35 35- 45-
15 45 35
Frequency 06 11 21 23 14 𝑥̅ = 35.37
7 Class-interval 0- 10-20 20-30 30- 40-
10 40 50
Frequency 5 12 14 11 08 𝑥̅ = 26

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 Learning points Topic:-Statistics
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-3
Solving learning points Finding mean
Formula to be used 𝜖𝑓𝑥
Mean =𝑥̅ =
𝑛
Find the mean for the following grouped
Class-interval Frequency x fx 𝜖𝑓𝑥
𝑥̅ =
100-120 12 110 1320 𝑛
7260
120-140 14 130 1820 𝑥̅ =
50
140-160 8 150 1200 𝑥̅ = 142.5
160-180 6 170 1020
180-200 10 190 1900
N=50 𝜖𝑓𝑥 = 7260
“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
Find the mean for the following grouped data by Direct Method:
1 Class-interval 1-5 5-9 9-13 13-17 17-21
Frequency 4 3 5 7 1 𝑥̅ = 0.6
2 Class-interval 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
Frequency 6 11 7 5 6 𝑥̅ = 38.25
3 Class-interval 10-30 30-50 50-70 70-90
Frequency 2 6 10 2 𝑥̅ = 52
4 Class-interval 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55
Frequency 4 3 6 5 2 𝑥̅ = 29
5 Class-interval 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11
Frequency 7 8 2 2 1
6 Class-interval 10-30 30-50 50-70 70-90
Frequency 2 6 10 12 𝑥̅ = 61.33

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Learning points Topic:-Statistics
Class: 10 Assigned marks:-3
Solving learning points Finding Median
𝑛
Formula to be used: 2
− 𝑐.𝑓
Median =𝑙 + [ ]×ℎ
𝑓
Examples

1) Calculate the median of the following frequency distribution table.

Class-interval Frequency

1-4 6

4-7 30

7-10 40

10-13 16

16-19 4

Σ𝑓𝑖 = 100
Solution:
Class-interval Frequency CF

1-4 6 6+0=6

4-7 30 6+30=36->cf

𝑙 -> 7-10 f -> 40 36+40=76

10-13 16 76+16=92

13-16 4 92+04=96

16-19 4 96+04=100

Σ𝑓𝑖 = 100

𝑛 100
= = 50 median class -> 7 -10
2 2
𝑙= Lower limit of the median class =7
ℎ = class size = 4-1=3

23
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𝑐𝑓 =Cumulative Frequency of class preceding the median class= 36
𝑓 Frequency of median class =40
𝑛= Σ𝑓𝑖 = 100= 100

𝑛
− 𝑐.𝑓
2
Median =𝑙 + [ ]×ℎ
𝑓

50−36
=7 + [ ]×3
40

14
=7 + [ ] × 3
40

7
=7 + [ ] × 3
20

21
=7 + [ ]
20

= 7+1.05 = Median = 8.05

“ It’s very easy, Try this, It’s possible by you also” Answer
Find the median for the following grouped data by Direct Method:
Class-interval 80-
1 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 median =50
100
Frequency 6 9 10 8 7
Class-interval 16-
2 1-4 4-7 7-10 10-13 13-16 median=8.05
19
Frequency 6 30 4016 4 4
Class-interval 80-
3 20-40 40-60 60-80 median =63
100
Frequency 7 15 20 8
4 Class-interval 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 median =5
Frequency 6 9 15 9 1
5 Class-interval 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 median =3.6
Frequency 6 9 2 6 7
6 Class-interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 median =3.6
Frequency 7 9 15 11 8

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 Statistics
class:-10 Marks :-3
Teaching point To find the median
𝑛
To use formula : 2
− 𝑐.𝑓
median =𝑙 + [ ]×ℎ
𝑓
Solved examples

1) Find the median of the following data

Class interval frequency

1-4 6

4-7 30

7-10 40

10-13 16

16-19 4

Σ𝑓𝑖 = 100
solution:
Class interval frequency Cumulative frequency

1-4 6 6+0=6

4-7 30 6+30=36->cf

𝑙 -> 7-10 f -> 40 36+40=76

10-13 16 76+16=92

13-16 4 92+04=96

16-19 4 96+04=100

Σ𝑓𝑖 = 100

𝑛 100
= = 50 , median= 50th score , median class; 7 -10
2 2

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𝑙= lower limits of median class = 7
ℎ = class size = 4-1=3
𝑐𝑓 = c.f ,of class preceding median class = 36
𝑓 = frequency of the median class =40
𝑛 = number of observations=100

𝑛
− 𝑐.𝑓
2
median=𝑙 + [ ]×ℎ
𝑓

50−36
=7 + [ ]×3
40

14
=7 + [ ] × 3
40

7
=7 + [ ] × 3
20

21
=7 + [ ]
20

= 7+1.05 =8.05 median = 8.05

Try Solve these

Find the median of the following data
answers
Class 20- 40- 60- 80-
1 0-20 median =50
intervals 40 60 80 100
frequency 6 9 10 8 7
Class 10- 16-
2 1-4 4-7 7-10 13-16 median =8.05
intervals 13 19
frequency 6 30 40 16 4 4
Class 20- 40- 60- 80-
3 median =63
intervals 40 60 80 100
frequency 7 15 20 8
Class
4 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 median =5
intervals
frequency 6 9 15 9 1
Class
5 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 median =3.6
intervals
frequency 6 9 2 6 7
Class 10- 20- 30-
6 0-10 40-50 median =3.6
intervals 20 30 40
frequency 7 9 15 11 8

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 Statistics
class:-10 Marks :-3
Learning points To find the mode
Using the formula : 1 0𝑓 −𝑓
mode =𝑙 + [2𝑓 −𝑓 ]×ℎ
1−𝑓 0 2
Solved example
1) Find the mode for the following Solution ;
grouped data
Class intervals frequency Class intervals frequency
10-25 2 10-25 2
25-40 3 25-40 𝑓0 → 3
40-55 7 𝑙 → 40 − 55 𝑓1 → 7
55-70 6 55-70 𝑓2 → 6
70-85 6 70-85 6
85-100 6 85-100 6
Σ𝑓𝑖 = 30 Σ𝑓𝑖 = 30

Highest frequency->7 the modal class is -> 40-55

𝑙 =lower limit of the modal class = 40
ℎ = size of the class interval ( assuming all class sizes to be equal)
= upper limits- lower limits
=25-10=15
𝑓0 =Frequency of the class preceding the modal class = 3
𝑓1 =frequency of the modal class = 7
𝑓2 =frequency of the class succeeding the modal class = 7
1 0 𝑓 −𝑓
mode =𝑙 + [2𝑓 −𝑓 ]×ℎ
−𝑓
1 0 2

7−3
=40 + [2×7−3−6] × 15

4
=40 + [14−9] × 15

4
=40 + [5] × 15

=40 + [4 × 3]
=40 + 12
mode = 52

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 Try to solve these
Find the mode for the following grouped data
answer

Class
1 intervals
5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 mode = 33

Frequency 3 4 8 7 3
Class
2 intervals 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 mode = 6

Frequency 6 30 40 16 4
Class
mode = 5.5
3 intervals 0-2 2-4 4-6 6-8 8-10

Frequency 1 3 6 5 2
Class
4 intervals 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 mode = 6

Frequency 6 9 15 9 1
Class
intervals
80-
5 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 mode = 72
100
Frequency 15 10 35 50 40
Class
6 intervals 10-25 25-40 40-55 55-70 70-85 85-100 mode = 52

Frequency 2 3 7 6 6 6

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Learning Outcome Chapter : Area related to Circles

Class:-10 Marks allotted:-01/02

Learning Points To find the area of the sector and the length of the Arc in a circle
Formula to be used: θ
Length of Arc = 𝟐𝝅𝒓
3600
θ
Area of Sector = 𝝅𝒓2
3600
1
Area of a Quadrant of a Circle = × 𝝅𝒓2 (θ = 900 )
4
SAMPLE CALCULATION
1) A circle of radius 21cm subtends an angle 2) Find the area covered by the minute hand
at the centre. Find the length of the Arc. of a clock 14 cm long in 5 minutes.
0
Solution : θ = 60 Solution:
𝑅 = 21𝑐𝑚 Length = radius = 14 cm
θ Angle traversed in 3 minutes = 300
Length of Arc = 0 𝟐𝝅𝒓
360 θ
Area of Sector = 0
𝝅𝒓2
360
600 22
= ×2× × 21 30 22
3600 7 = × × 142
3600 7
1
= × 2 × 22 × 3 154
6 = 𝑐𝑚2
3
= 22𝑐𝑚

“SO EASY, YOU CAN DO IT TOO, JUST GIVE IT A TRY”

1 If the circumference of a circle is numerically equal to its area, find the 𝒓=2
radius of the circle. 𝒓=2
2 The area of a circle is 49𝝅𝒓 square meters but its perimeter is 14 𝝅 14𝝅
3 In a circle of radius 21 cm, the arc subtends an angle at the centre. Find 33cm
the length of the Arc. 33 Cm
4 In a circle of radius 24cm, the arc subtends an angle at the centre. Find 2cm
the length of the Arc. 2 cm
22752 2
5 An umbrella has 8 equally spaced rods. Assuming that the umbrella is a 𝐴= 𝑐𝑚
28
flat circle of radius 45 cm, find the area between two consecutive poles.
6 Find the radius and the radius angle between the radii and its width. 132
𝐴= 𝑐𝑚2
4
7 Find the area of a quadrant whose perimeter is 22 cm. 77 2
𝐴= 𝑐𝑚
8

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 Learning Outcome Chapter : Mensuration
Class:-10 Marks assigned:-01/02
LEARNING Points To find the lateral and total surface area of a cube, find the cube
Curved Surface
Solids Total Surface Area Area Volume
Area
Cylinder
𝟐𝝅𝒓h 𝟐𝝅𝒓(r+h) 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
Cone 1 2
𝝅rl 𝜋𝑟(𝑟 + 𝑙) 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
3
Frustuf 1
𝜋(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 )𝑙 𝜋(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 )𝑙 + 𝜋(𝑟12 + 𝑟22 ) 𝜋ℎ(𝜋(𝑟12 + 𝑟22 + (𝑟1 + 𝑟2 )
3
the Sphere 4 3
- 4𝜋𝑟 2 𝜋𝑟
3
2 3
Hemisphere 2𝜋𝑟 2 3𝜋𝑟 2 𝜋𝑟
3
1) The radius of a cone is 7cm and the slant 2) A cone is melted and a Sphere of same
height is 10 cm. Find the lateral surface area radius is made. Find the ratio of the height
of the cone. and the radii.
1 4
Lateral Surface Area = 𝝅rl 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ = 𝜋𝑟 3 = ℎ = 4𝑟
22 3 3
= × 7 × 10
7
= 229 𝑐𝑚2 ℎ 4
⟹ = ⟹ ℎ: 𝑟 = 4: 1
𝑟 1

“SO EASY, YOU CAN DO IT TOO, JUST GIVE IT A TRY”

1. The surface area of the sphere of Radius 7cm. 616𝑚2
2. The volume of the Cylinder is 300cm3 then what is volume of a 100𝑚3
Cone whose redious and height are equal to the cylinder?
3. The ratio of volumes of two spheres is 64:27 then what is the ratio 16
of their surface areas? 9
4 The slant height of a frustum is 4 cm and the circumferences of its
circular feet are 18 cm and 6 cm. Find the lateral surface area of 48 sq.cm.
the frustum. 48 sq. cm
5 The radius of a cone is 7cm and the slant height is 10cm. Find the 229𝑐𝑚2
lateral surface area of the cone.
6 The formula for finding the surface area of a right circular cylinder 𝟐𝝅𝒓(r+h)
is 𝟐𝝅𝒓 (D+h)
1
7 The formula for finding the volume of a frustum 𝜋ℎ(𝜋(𝑟12 + 𝑟22 + (𝑟1 + 𝑟2 )
3

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 Chapter : Introduction to Trigonometry
Class:-10: Marks allotted:- 01/02
Learn to find the distance, height, length and value of an object
given the given data.
Formula to be used

Supplementary angles
sin(900 − 𝜃)=cos𝜃 cos(900 − 𝜃) = sin𝜃
cosec(900 − 𝜃) =sec𝜃 sec(900 − 𝜃) = cosec𝜃
tan(900 − 𝜃) =cot𝜃 cot(900 − 𝜃) = tan𝜃
𝐏𝐐 A
sinθ= = V
𝐎𝐏
𝐎𝐐 P
cosθ= =
𝐎𝐏 V

𝐏𝐐
tanθ= = PA
𝐎𝐐

AV , ,
PV AP

A=aspect V=diagonal Pa=lateral

𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃=1 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃

1-𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 = 1 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 = 1
1-𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃

SAMPLE CALCULATION
1. A kite is flying at a height of 60m above the ground and its string is temporarily tied to a
peg at a point on the ground. Find the length of the string assuming that the string makes an
angle of 600 with the ground and is not slack.

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Solution:
Height of Kite = M=mh=60m
Length of thread =AB =
In a right angle triangle - ∆ABC
BC
Sin 600 =AB
√3 60
= 2 =AB
60×2 120
Length of thread = AB= √3 = √3 =40√3
00 300 450 600 900
Sin𝜃 0 1 1 √3 1
2 √2 2
Cos𝜃 1 √3 1 1 0
2 √2 2
Tan𝜃 0 1 1 √3 ND
√3
Cosec𝜃 ND 2 √2 2 1
√3
Sec𝜃 1 2 √2 2 ND
√3
Cot𝜃 ND √3 1 1 0
√3
“SO EASY, YOU CAN DO IT TOO, JUST GIVE IT A TRY”
1 A circus artist is climbing a rope 20m long and tied to the ground with a vertical
suspension A. The angle between the rope and the ground is 300 but the vertical
height is 10m.
2 A tree breaks in a storm and hits the ground making an angle of 300 with the ground
and the top of the tree reaches the ground at a distance of 8 m from the base of the
tree. Then find the height of the tree before it broke.
3 The angle of declination formed by a car on the ground from the top of a building
50√3 high is 600. Find the distance of the car from the base of the building.
3 4
4 If sin𝜃 = 5 & cos𝜃 = 5 then find the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
5 find the value of sin600 cos300+ sin300 cos600
4
6 cosA = 5 then find the value of tanA
7 find the value of tan𝜃 − cot(900 − 𝜃) 13 sin𝜃 = 12 but cos𝜃 find the
value
8 find the value of sin60 ×cos30
0 0

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 Chapter Probability

Class: 10 Assigned Marks: 01/02

P(e)=0.05 then find p(ē) P(A) = 2/3 then find P(𝐴̅)

Solution: p(e)+ p(ē)=1 P(A)+ P(𝐴̅)= 1

0.05 +p(ē)=1 P(𝐴̅)= 1-2/3

p(ē)=1-0.05 P(𝐴̅)=1/3

p(ē)=0.95

1. IF probability of event is done is 0.92 then find the probability of event not done
2. IF probability of event is not done is 0.32 then find the probability of event done
3. A coin is thrown 3 times .what is the probability that atleast one head is obtained?
4. Find the probability of getting a numbered card when a card is drawn from the pack of
52 cards.
5. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting
(i) the same number on both dice.
(ii) different numbers on both dice.

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Theorem 1 : Thales Theorem OR (Basic Proportionality Theorem).
“A line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle divides the other two sides in the same ratio.”
Proof:-
Given:-In ∆ABC, DE||BC
AE AD
To Prove: =
BE CD
Construction: Join BD and CE and Draw FD ⊥ AB and EG ⊥ AC.
Proof:
Consider ∆ADE and ∆BDE
We know that
1
Area of ∆ADE AE×DF ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 𝐴𝐸 1
2
= 1 ⇒ = − (1) [𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓∆= B × H]
Area of ∆BDE BE×DF ∆𝐵𝐷𝐸 𝐵𝐸 2
2
Similarly, Consider ∆ADE and ∆CDE
1
∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 XADXEG ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 𝐴𝐷
2
= 1 ⇒ = −(2)
∆𝐶𝐷𝐸 XCDXEG ∆𝐶𝐷𝐸 𝐶𝐷
2
Since, ED||BC we know that area triangle between same base and same parallel is equal, So Area
of ∆BDE= Area of ∆CDE. Now from eq. (1) and (2)
∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸
⇒ =
∆𝐵𝐷𝐸 ∆𝐶𝐷𝐸
𝐴𝐸 𝐴𝐷
⇒ =
𝐵𝐸 𝐶𝐷
Hence Proved.

Theorem 2: Angle-Angle-Angle Criterion of Similarity of two triangles:

“If in two triangles, corresponding angles are equal, then their corresponding sides are in the
same ratio (or proportion) and hence the two triangles are similar.”
Given: In ∆ABC and ∆DEF ∠A = ∠D, ∠B = ∠E, ∠C = ∠F
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
To Prove: ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF ; = =
𝐷𝐸 𝐸𝐹 𝐷𝐹
Construction: Cut DP =AB from DE and DQ=AC from DF and join PQ.
Proof:
Consider ∆ABC and ∆DPQ
Here ∠BAC = ∠PDQ [Data]
AB=DP, AC=DQ[Construction]
∆ABC = ∆PDQ [SAS Congruence rule]
∠ABC = ∠DPQ [CPCT]
But ∠ABC = ∠DEF [Data]
⇒∠DPQ=∠DEF. Therefore, PQ || EF[Since corresponding angles are equal].
DP PQ DQ
= = [By corollary of BPT]
DE EF DF
AB BC AC
= = [By construction] Hence this completes the proof.
DE EF DF

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Converse of BPT: If a line divide any two sides of a triangle (Δ) in the same ratio, then the line
must be parallel ( || ) to third side.
AD AE
Given: In triangle =
DB EC
To Prove: DE||BC
Construction: DE'||BC
AD AE
Proof : Here = ----(1)Since DE'||BC,
DB EC
AD AE′
So by BPT = by(1)
DB E′ C
AE AE′
⇒ + 1= +1
EC E′ C
AE+EC AE′ +E′ C
⇒ =
EC E′ C
AC AC
⇒ = ′
EC E C
so E and E ′ are same
Hence DE||BC.

SSS similarity criterion of two triangle: If in two triangles, sides of one triangle are proportional
to the sides of the other triangle, then their corresponding angles are equal and hence the
triangles are similar.
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
Given: In ∆ABC and ∆DEF, = =
𝐷𝐸 𝐸𝐹 𝐷𝐹
To Prove: ∠A = ∠D, ∠B = ∠E, ∠C = ∠F, ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF
Construction: Cut DP =AB from DE and DQ=AC from DF and join PQ.
Proof: Consider ∆ABC and ∆DPQ
AB BC AC DP PQ DQ
= = ⇒ = =
DE EF DF DE EF DF
⇒PQ||EF (By BPT) So, ∠P = ∠E & ∠Q=∠F ∵PQ||EF
∆ABC≅∆DPQ So, ∠A=∠D, ∠B=∠P, ∠C=∠Q
⇒∠A=∠D, ∠B=∠E, ∠C=∠F So ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF
Hence this completes the proof.

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SAS similarity criterion of two triangle: If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of the
other triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, then the two triangles are
similar.
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
Given: In ∆ABC and ∆DEF, = , ∠A=∠D
𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐹
To Prove: ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF
Construction: Cut DP =AB from DE and DQ=AC from DF and join PQ.
Proof: Consider ∆ABC and ∆DPQ
AB AC
= , ∠A=∠D, PQ||EF, ∆ABC≅∆DPQ,
DE DF
∠A=∠D, ∠B=∠P, ∠C=∠Q
∆ABC≅∆DEF

Circle theorem 1
“The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn at the point of
contact”.
Data: O is the centre of the circle .XY is the tangent to the circle at the point P .OP is the radius
drawn at the point of contact P.
To Prove : OP ⊥ XY.
Construction : Take a point Q on XY .Join OQ.
Proof : OQ=OR+RQ
⇒OQ=OP+RQ (OP=OR)
⇒ OQ>OP
⇒ ∴OQ is longer than OP.
So, OP is the smallest distance of the point O from the line XY.
⇒OP ⊥ XY.
Hence proved.

Circle theorem 2
“The two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal”.
Data : O is the centre of the circle .P is an external point.
AP and BP are tangents to the circle.

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To Prove : AP =BP
Construction: Join OA,OB and OP
Proof : In Δ AOP and Δ BOP,
∠OAP =∠OBP [Right angles]
OA =OB [Radii of the same circle]
OP=OP [Common side]
∴ΔAOP ≅ΔBOP [RHS Theorem]
∴ AP=BP [C.P.C.T]
Hence proved.

Formula:

−b±√b2 −4ac
• The roots of the quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0 is given by ; 𝑥 =
2a
• ∆=b2 – 4ac
• Distance formula:-
• 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 Units
• Distance from origin:
• 𝑑 = √x 2 + y 2 Units.
• Section formula:
𝑚 𝑥 +𝑚 𝑥 𝑚 𝑦 +𝑚 𝑦
• 𝑝(𝑥, 𝑦) = ( 1 2 2 1 , 1 2 2 1)
𝑚1 +𝑚2 𝑚1 +𝑚2
𝑥2 +𝑥1 𝑦2 +𝑦1
• 𝑝(𝑥, 𝑦) = ( , )
2 2
Sl. Solid Shape CSA TSA Volume
No

1. Cube 4a2 6a2 a3

2. Cuboid 2h(l+b) 2(lb+bh+lh) lbh

3. Cylinder 2𝝅rh 2𝝅r(h+r) 𝝅r2h

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4. Cone 𝝅rl 𝝅r(l+r) 𝟏
𝛑𝐫 𝟐 𝐡
𝟑

5. Sphere 4𝝅r2 4𝝅r2 𝟒

𝟑
𝛑𝐫 𝟑

6. Hemi-sphere 2𝝅r2 3𝝅r2 𝟐

𝟑
𝛑𝐫 𝟑

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