LEC5 (2)
LEC5 (2)
LEC
Decoders and Multiplexers
5 Textbook chapter 2
• 𝐷0 = 1 when 𝑎 = 0 and 𝑏 = 0
• 𝐷1 = 1 when 𝑎 = 0 and 𝑏 = 1
• 𝐷2 = 1 when 𝑎 = 1 and 𝑏 = 0
• 𝐷3 = 1 when 𝑎 = 1 and 𝑏 = 1
Decoders
Inputs Outputs
𝑎 𝑏 𝐷0 𝐷1 𝐷2 𝐷3
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 1
Decoders
𝐷2 = 𝑎𝑏′
𝐷1
𝐷3 = 𝑎𝑏
4. Sketch the logic diagram
𝐷2
𝑎
𝐷3
3 x 8 Decoders
𝑧
𝐷3
𝐸
Implementing functions using decoders
𝑆 0 1 0 0 1
𝑥 0 1 1 1 0
𝑦 1 0 0 0 1
1 0 1 1 0
𝑧 𝐶
1 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 1
Using a decoder and external gates, design the
combinational circuit defined by the following Boolean
functions:
(a) 𝐹 = 𝑥ҧ + 𝑥𝑧
(b) 𝐹2 = 𝑥 + 𝑦ത 𝑧ҧ
Decoder expansions
•Larger decoders can be constructed using a number of smaller
ones
•For example, a 3 × 8 decoder can be built using a couple of 2 ×
4 decoders and a 4 × 16 decoder can be built using a couple of
3 × 8 decoders
𝑥
𝐷0 to 𝐷7
𝑦
𝑧
𝐷8 to 𝐷15
4 × 16 Decoder
EXERCISE
15
Encoders
16
8×3 octal-to-binary encoder
17
Making connections
Multiplexer Demultiplexer 21
Multiplexers
Functional Logical
𝐴
form form
1
8
Multiplexers
𝐼𝟎
𝐼𝟎 𝐼𝟏
𝐼𝟎 2×1 𝐼𝟏 4×1 𝐼𝟐
𝑍 𝑍 8×1 𝑍
𝐼𝟏 MUX 𝐼𝟐 MUX
𝐼𝟑 MUX
𝐼𝟑 𝐼𝟒
𝐴 𝐼𝟓
𝐴 𝐵 𝐼𝟔
𝐼𝟕
𝐴𝐵𝐶
1
9
2×1 line multiplexer
𝐼𝟎
𝐼𝟎
𝑍 𝑍
𝐼𝟏
𝐼𝟏
𝑆
𝑆
2
0
4×1 line multiplexer
𝐼𝟎
𝑺𝟎 𝑺𝟏 𝒁
𝐼𝟏
0 0 𝐼𝟎
𝑍
0 1 𝐼𝟏 𝐼𝟐
1 0 𝐼𝟐
𝐼𝟑
1 1 𝐼𝟑
22
8×1 line multiplexer
23
Multiplexers using three-state buffers
𝐼𝟎 𝑌
𝐼𝟏
𝐴 𝑌
𝐼𝟐
𝐼𝟑
𝐵
𝑆𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡
𝑆𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡
𝐸𝑛𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝐹 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 = Σ(1,2,6,7)
𝑦
𝑥
𝑧 𝐹
𝑧′
0
1
2
7
Multiplexers as general-purpose logic:
example II
𝐹 (𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷 )= Σ(1,3,4,11,12,13,14,15)
𝐶
𝐵
𝐴
𝐷
𝐹
2
8