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Logarithmic Equation

The document provides a lesson on solving simple logarithmic equations, including examples and solutions. It explains how to equate logarithmic expressions and eliminate logarithms by raising both sides to the base. Additionally, it demonstrates the use of logarithmic properties to solve more complex equations.

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collosalpatchi
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20 views2 pages

Logarithmic Equation

The document provides a lesson on solving simple logarithmic equations, including examples and solutions. It explains how to equate logarithmic expressions and eliminate logarithms by raising both sides to the base. Additionally, it demonstrates the use of logarithmic properties to solve more complex equations.

Uploaded by

collosalpatchi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

• solve simple logarithmic equation

Logarithmic Equations
Let us begin by exploring simple equations that involve logarithms.
Example 1: Find x in log 3 x = log 3 12
Solution: A statement such as log a x = log a y if x = y. Hence, we can simply equate the
arguments.
log 3 x=log 3 12
X = 12
Example 2: Find x in log 5 x = 2.
Solution: Equations such as this are much easier to solve if we eliminate the logarithmic
expression. We can do this by identifying the base of the logarithmic expression and raising
both sides of the equation to that base. We have:
log 5 x = 2
log x
5 = 52 5

X = 25
Example 3: Find x in log 4 ( x +1 ) = 2
Solution: Since the base is 4, let both sides of the equation be exponents of the base 4.
log 4 ( x +1 ) = 2
log (x+1)
4 4
=4 2
X+1 = 16
X = 15 Therefore, x = 15.
Example 4: Find x in log 20x = 2.
Solution: Remember that log x = log 10 x . Since the base is 10, let both sides of the equation
be exponents of base 10.
Log 20x = 2
log 20 x 2
10 =10
20x = 100
X=5 Therefore, x = 5.

The properties of logarithms can also be used in solving logarithmic equations.

Example 5: Solve each equation.

a. log 2 4 x+ log 2 9=log 2 72


b. log 5 ( 2 x−1)+log 5 (2 x +1)=2
c. 3 log 3 x−log 3 9=log 3 9

Solution: The technique is to isolate the term containing the variable.

a. log 2 4 x+ log 2 9=log 2 72


log 2 4 x=log 2 72−log 2 9
72
log 2 4 x=log 2
9
log 2 4 x=log 2 8
4x = 8
X=2
The solution set is {2}.

b.3 log 3 x−log 3 9=log 3 9


3 log 3 x=log 3 9+ log 3 9
3log 3 9=2 log 3 9
3 2
log 3 x =log3 9
3 4
x =3
X=√ 3 4
3
X = 3√
3
3,
The solution set is { 3√
3
3 }.

c. log 5 ( 2 x−1)+log 5 (2 x +1) =2

log 5 ( 2 x−1 ) (2 x +1 )=2


2
5 = (2x-1)(2x + 1)

25 = 4 x 2
4 x 2 = 26
226
x =
4
X=±
√26
2

The solution set is {


√26 ,− √ 26 }.
2 2

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