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CHAPTER 1 - 2,3,5 MARKS VERY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
12th Standard
Maths
TOP 4 VERY IMPORTANT 2 Marks 4x2=8
1) If A is a non-singular matrix of odd order, prove that |adj A| is positive
2) If A is symmetric, prove that then adj A is also symmetric.
3) cos θ − sin θ
Prove that [ ] is orthogonal.
sin θ cos θ
4) Find the rank of the following matrices by minor method:
1 −2 −1 0
[ ]
3 −6 −3 1
TOP 25 VERY IMPORTANT 3 Marks 25 x 3 = 75
5) 7 7 −7
⎡ ⎤
Find a matrix A if adj(A) = ⎢ −1 11 7 ⎥ .
⎣ ⎦
11 5 7
6) −1 2 2
⎡ ⎤
If adj A = ⎢ 1 1 2⎥ , find A−1.
⎣ ⎦
2 2 1
7) 2 9
Verify the property (AT)-1 = (A-1)T with A = [ ] .
1 7
8) 0 −3 −2 −3
Verify (AB)-1 = B-1A-1 with A = [ ] ,B=[ ] .
1 4 0 −1
9) 4 3
If A = [ ] , find x and y such that A2 + xA + yI2 = O2. Hence, find A-1.
2 5
10) −8 1 4
⎡ ⎤
If A = 1
9
⎢ 4 4 7⎥ , prove that A−1 = AT.
⎣ ⎦
1 −8 4
11) 8 −4
If A = [ ] , verify that A(adj A) = (adj A)A = |A|I2.
−5 3
12) 3 2 −1 −3
If A = [ ] and B = [ ] , verify that (AB)-1 = B-1A-1
7 5 5 2
13) 2 −4 2
⎡ ⎤
If adj(A) = ⎢ −3 12 −7 ⎥ , find A.
⎣ ⎦
−2 0 2
14) 1 0 1
⎡ ⎤
Find adj(adj (A)) if adj A = ⎢ 0 2 0⎥ .
⎣ ⎦
−1 0 1
15) 1 tan x
A=[ ] , show that ATA-1 =
− tan x 1
cos 2x − sin 2x
[ ]
sin 2x cos 2x
16) 5 3 14 7
Find the matrix A for which A[ ] = [ ] .
−1 −2 7 7
17) 1 −1 3 −2 1 1
Given A = [ ] ,B=[ ] and C = [ ] , find a
2 0 1 1 2 2
matrix X such that A X B = C.
18) 2 −2 4 3
⎡ ⎤
Find the rank of the matrix ⎢ −3 4 −2 −1 ⎥ by reducing it to
⎣ ⎦
6 2 −1 7
an echelon form.
19) Solve the following system of linear equations, using matrix inversion method:
5x + 2y = 3, 3x + 2y = 5.
20) Solve the following systems of linear equations by Cramer’s rule:
5x − 2y +16 = 0, x + 3y − 7 = 0
21) In a competitive examination, one mark is awarded for every correct answer while
1
4
mark is deducted for every wrong answer. A student answered 100 questions
and got 80 marks. How many questions did he answer correctly ? (Use Cramer’s
rule to solve the problem).
22) For every square matrix A of order n ,
A(adj A) = (adj A)|A = |A ∣ I n
23) If A is non-singular, then
−1 1
(i) ∣
∣A ∣
∣ =
|A|
−1 T
T −1
(ii) (A ) = (A )
−1 1 −1
(iii) (λA) = A ,
λ
where is λ non-zero scalar
24) Let A, B, and C be square matrices of order n. If A is non-singular and AB = AC,
then B = C. (Left Cancellation Law)
25) Let A, B, and C be square matrices of order n. If A is non-singular and BA = CA,
then B = C. (Right Cancellation Law)
26) If A and B are non-singular matrices of the same order, then the product AB is also
non singular and (AB)−1 = B−1A−1. (Reversal Law for Inverses)
27) If A is non-singular, then A−1 is also non-singular and (A−1)−1 = A.(Law of Double
Inverse)
28) If A is a non-singular square matrix of order n, then
−1 −1 1
(i)(adj A) = adj(A ) = A
|A|
n−1
(ii)| adj A| = |A|
n−2
(iii) adj(adj A) = |A| A
(iv) adj(λA) = λ
n−1
adj(A), λ is a non zero scalar
2
(n−1)
(v)| adj(adj A)| = |A|
T T
(vi)(adj A) = adj(A )
29) If A and B are any two non-singular square matrices of order n , then adj(AB) =
(adj B)(adj A).
TOP 16 VERY IMPORTANT 5 Marks 16 x 5 = 80
30) 6 −3 a
⎡ ⎤
If A = 1
7
⎢ b −2 6⎥ is orthogonal, find a, b and c , and hence A−1.
⎣ ⎦
2 c 3
31) cos α 0 sin α
⎡ ⎤
If F(α ) = ⎢ 0 1 0 ⎥ , show that [F(α )]-1 = F(-α ).
⎣ ⎦
− sin α 0 cos α
32) 2 1 1
⎡ ⎤
Find the inverse of A = ⎢ 3 2 1⎥ by Gauss-Jordan method.
⎣ ⎦
2 1 2
33) −4 4 4 1 −1 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
If A = ⎢ −7 1 3 ⎥ and B = ⎢ 1 −2 −2 ⎥ , find
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
5 −3 −1 2 1 3
the products AB and BA and hence solve the system of equations x - y + z = 4, x -
2y - 2z = 9, 2x + y + 3z = 1.
34) The prices of three commodities A, B and C are Rs. x, y and z per units
respectively. A person P purchases 4 units of B and sells two units of A and 5 units
of C. Person Q purchases 2 units of C and sells 3 units of A and one unit of B.
Person R purchases one unit of A and sells 3 unit of B and one unit of C. In the
process, P, Q and R earn Rs. 15,000, Rs. 1,000 and Rs. 4,000 respectively. Find
the prices per unit of A, B and C. (Use matrix inversion method to solve the
problem.)
35) In a T20 match, a team needed just 6 runs to win with 1 ball left to go in the last
over. The last ball was bowled and the batsman at the crease hit it high up. The
ball traversed along a path in a vertical plane and the equation of the path is y =
ax2 + bx + c with respect to a xy-coordinate system in the vertical plane and the
ball traversed through the points (10, 8), (20, 16) (40, 22) can you conclude that
the team won the match?
Justify your answer. (All distances are measured in metres and the meeting point
of the plane of the path with the farthest boundary line is (70, 0).)
36) The upward speed v(t)of a rocket at time t is approximated by v(t) = at2 + bt + c, 0
≤ t ≤ 100 where a, b and c are constants. It has been found that the speed at times
t = 3, t = 6, and t = 9 seconds are respectively, 64, 133, and 208 miles per second
respectively. Find the speed at time t = 15 seconds. (Use Gaussian elimination
method.)
37) Solve the following systems of linear equations by Gaussian elimination method:
2x − 2y + 3z = 2, x + 2y − z = 3, 3x − y + 2z = 1
38) An amount of Rs. 65,000 is invested in three bonds at the rates of 6%, 8% and 9%
per annum respectively. The total annual income is Rs. 4,800. The income from
the third bond is Rs. 600 more than that from the second bond. Determine the
price of each bond. (Use Gaussian elimination method.)
39) A boy is walking along the path y = ax2 + bx + c through the points (−6, 8), (−2,
−12) and (3, 8). He wants to meet his friend at P(7, 60). Will he meet his friend?
(Use Gaussian elimination method.)
40) Investigate for what values of λ and μ the system of linear equations x + 2y + z
= 7 , x + y + λz = μ , x + 3y − 5z = 5 has
(i) no solution
(ii) a unique solution
(iii) an infinite number of solutions
41) Find the value of k for which the equations
kx - 2y + z = 1, x - 2ky + z = -2, x - 2y + kz = 1 have
(i) no solution
(ii) unique solution
(iii) infinitely many solution
42) Investigate the values of λ and μ the system of linear equations 2x + 3y + 5z = 9,
7x + 3y - 5z = 8, 2x + 3y + λz = μ, have
(i) no solution
(ii) a unique solution
(iii) an infinite number of solutions.
43) If the system of equations px + by + cz = 0, ax + qy + cz = 0, ax + by + rz = 0 has a
non-trivial solution and p ≠ a, q ≠ b, r ≠ c, prove that
p q
p−a
+
q−b
+
r
r−c
= 2 .
44) Determine the values of λ for which the following system of equations x + y + 3z =
0, 4x + 3y + λz = 0, 2x + y + 2z = 0 has
(i) a unique solution
(ii) a non-trivial solution
45) Solve the following systems of linear equations by Cramer’s rule:
3
x
−
4
y
−
2
z
-1 = 0, + +
1
x
2
y
1
z
- 2 = 0, − − 2
x
5
y
4
z
+1=
0
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