COEPD – Traditional Development

Capstone Project 1 – Part-1/3

Online Agriculture Products Store

Submitted by – Mrs. Trupti Kale

Question 1 - BPM
Identify Business Process Model for Online Agriculture Store – (Goal, Inputs, Resources, Outputs, Activities, Value
created to the end Customer)

Answer-

Business process model is the representation of company’s business processes or workflows as a means of identifying
potential improvements.

Goal-
1) To create online application platform for farmers from remote area to buy their fertilizers, seeds and pesticides.
2) To bridge the gap between farmers and manufactures without any intermediatory agent
3) To earn maximum and long-term profit.
Inputs-

1) Listing available products from manufactures on the online platform- (Fertilizers, Seeds and pesticides)
2) Resources who manage admin work and do service part answering call

Resources-

1) An Online Platform (Application / Website)

2) Storage Warehouse
3) Internet Connectivity
4) Manufacturer
5) Supplier
6) Delivery services
7) Bill and invoice printer

Outputs-

1) Direct Communication between farmers and manufacturers

2) Easy availability of agriculture products (Fertilizers, Seeds and pesticides)
3) Easy and quickly buying experience for farmers

Activities-

1) Farmers Login on Application/Website

2) As per requirement farmers browse products (Fertilizers, Seeds and pesticides) from products listed by
manufactures and suppliers.
3) As per requirement farmers shortlisting product and add in kart for place the order / call to support number
4) Farmers provides details like quantity of product, Address and payment method.
5) Agriculture products will get delivered by delivery services.

The value created for the end customer-

1) Availability of agriculture products at any time

2) Buying agricultural products facility even at remote locations.
3) One platform to buy any kind of agriculture products (Fertilizers, Seeds and pesticides)
4) Time and money saving for farmers and manufacturers also
5) User-friendly experience while purchasing products
Question 2 – SWOT
Mr. Karthik is doing a SWOT analysis before he accepts this project. What Aspects he Should consider as Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities, and as Threats.
Answer –

SWOT STANDS FOR STRENGTS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES & THREATS.

Swot analysis is a tool that can help you to analyse what your company does now and to devise a successful strategy for
the future.

Strenghts-
1) APT IT Solution is having strong and experiences technical team headed by skilled project Manager.
2) High potential in target market
3) Competition is less
4) Convenient and user-friendly platform for easy buying

Weaknesses-
1) Due to remote area shipping charges will huge
2) Limited resources made available for this project
3) New platform in market therefore so less trust, no customer base

Opportunity
1) Product is frequently required hence potential market.
2) Company reputation in market will increase because no such kind of platform present in market
3) Monopoly in market

Threats

1) No Internet connectivity in rural area at the buyer's end.

2) This kind of platform and project is new in market; hence we can increase company reputation in the market if we
make it successful.
Question 3 – Feasibility study - 1 Marks
Mr. Karthik is trying to do a feasibility study on doing this project in Technology (Java), please help him with points (HW
SW Trained Resources Budget Time frame) to consider in the feasibility Study.
Answer –

Feasibility study conducted to identify project is easily going or not. (Having Enough tech, budget, resources, timeframe)

For completion of project, in hardware we need 2 people

IN software 7 people will be required including testing
Also, requirement of Product manager and Business Analyst to deliver project within timeline.
The offered budget for this project is 2 Cr. That would be sufficient.
The timeline given for project is 2 years and can be delivered successfully

Question 4 – Gap Analysis

Mr. Karthik must submit Gap Analysis to Mr. Henry to convince him to initiate this project. What points (compare AS-IS
existing process with TO-BE future Process) to showcase in the GAP Analysis
Answer –

Gap analysis involves the comparison of actual performance with potential / desired performance.

AS-IS Existing Process-

Farmers visit to the nearest store to purchase agricultural products (Fertilizers, Seeds and pesticides) But most of the time
required products were not available due to this reason farmers facing challenges in their day-to-day life.
Farmers and manufactures both have to pay extra money to the intermediatory agent.
Thus, farmers are facing issues in terms of money, time, efforts and difficulty in availability of agriculture products

TO-BE Future Process-

After Successful completion of project farmers can Login on Application/Website. As per requirement farmers browse
products (Fertilizers, Seeds and pesticides) in products listed by manufactures and suppliers. As per requirement farmers
shortlisting product and add in kart for place the order / call to support number
Farmers provides details like quantity of product, Address and payment method.
Agriculture products will get delivered by delivery services within standard time.
There is no presence of intermediatory agent. Farmers will directly contact to supplier.
Farmers can be utilized of saved time, money and energy to farming and gaining maximum output from farms

Top agricultural producing countries in world-1) China 2) US 3) Brazil 4) India. (Chances of getting better rank in the world)
Question 5 – Risk Analysis
Risk Analysis need to conducted because in order to identify risk

List down different risk factors that may be involved (BA Risks And process/Project Risks)
Answer –

BA Risk-
1) Incomplete Requirement Gathering
2) Project planning is improper
3) Stakeholder are not able to provide proper requirements
4) Frequent changes in requirements from client side.

process/Project Risks –
1) The Project does not align with stakeholder requirement and expectations
2) Competitor have already may published same project / application
3) Practically impossible to deliver expectations of farmer/client through apt/ website
4) Team members leaving projects
5) Capital cost is higher than expected
Question 6 – Stakeholder Analysis (RACI Matrix)
Perform stakeholder analysis (RACI Matrix) to find out the key stakeholders who can take Decisions and Who are the
influencers
Answer –

Project sponsor -Mr. Henry

Financial head -Mr. Pandu
Project coordinator -Mr. Dooku
Key Stakeholders- Peter, Kevin, Ben
Delivery Head -Mr. Karthik
Project Manager - Mr. Vandanam
Senior Java Developer - Ms. Juhi
Java Developers - Mr. Teyson, Ms. Lucie, Mr. Tucker, Mr. Bravo
Network Admin - Mr. Mike
DB Admin - Mr. John.
Testers - Mr. Jason
Ms. Alekya
BA – You (Trupti Kale)
Mr. Vandanam (Project Manager)
Mr. Dooku (Project Coordinator)

Mr. Teyson (Java Developers )

Mr. Tucker (Java Developers )

Mr. Bravo (Java Developers )

Ms. Trupti (Business Analyst)

Ms. Juhi (Sr.Java Developer )
Mr. Karthik (Delivery Head )

Mr. Mike (Network Admin )

Ms. Lucie (Java Developers )
Mr. Henry (project Sponsor)

Mr. Pandu (Financial Head)

Kevin (Key Stakeholders)

Peter (Key Stakeholders)

Ben (Key Stakeholders)

Mr. John (DB Admin )

Ms. Alekya (Testers)

Mr. Jason (Testers)
Task Task

Project Project
Finalization I C C A R Finalization
Documentatio Documentatio
n A C C R n
Stakeholder Stakeholder
Analysis I C C C A R Analysis
Prioritisation Prioritisation
of of
requirement A R requirement
Design C C C I A R Design
Coding I A R R R R C Coding
Testing I A C R R Testing
UAT I A C R R UAT
Question 7 – Business Case Document

Help Mr. Karthik to prepare a business case document Answer –

Business Case Document help to know project is align with goals or not

Project Manager Mr. Vandanam

Last
date of approval 01-Aug-24 Revision
Date
Presently the farmers have to buy agricultural products
from nearby market and sometimes products are not
available that’s results into wastage of time. Also, there is
monopoly of local shopkeeper's or distributor for selling
agricultural products so they charge extra from farmers.
Executive summary Once the Online platform is made and available to
farmers, they can order required products directly from
manufacturers this will save time and energy.They will
getting competitive rate from the manufacturers due to
competition. Farmers will get beneficial in several ways
due to existatnce of online agricultural product store
Farmers facing challenges in buying agricultural products
(fertilizers, seeds and pesticides) shortage of products,
intermediator in farmers and manufacturer charge more
Problem Statement resulting farmers have to pay extra money. The time,
money and efforts which can be utilised by farmer in the
farm but farmer wasting time and money both

Cost 2 Crores INR

Formation of this online platform may take 18 months for
Timescale
completion.
Tentatively it will take 30 to 40 months for the return on
Expected ROI
investment for this project

Right now, project look like simple and straight forward,

Expected Risk but challenges can come while execution of application as
this is new to market product.
Question 8 – Four SDLC Methodologies - 3 Marks

The Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr. Pandu, and Mr. Dooku and Mr. Karthik are having a discussion on Project Development
Approach. Mr. Karthik explained to Mr. Henry about SDLC. And four methodologies like Sequential Iterative Evolutionary
and Agile. Please share your thoughts and clarity on Methodologies

Answer -

Sequential methodology –

It is the most common and classic life cycle it is very simple to understand and use, in sequential methodologies each phase
must be completed in its entirety before the next phase can begin. In this methodology end of the first phase is the
beginning of the second phase. At the end of every phase, a review takes place to determine whether the project is going
right path or whether it continues or discard. In this methodology, we follow the below-mentioned steps

Requirement Gathering: Information gathered from the client and as per the requirement of the client's Business
Requirement has been created

Requirement analysis: - Once business requirements and stakeholder requirements are gathered analysis is taken place by
using MoSCoW and FURPS technology and FS/FRS SSD SRS RTM document are created.

Design: - In the design phase DB designer & architecture design the software boundary and create HDD and CDD and a
combination of both solution documents has been created

Development and Coding: - Once the designer design the software then the developer does the coding of the software and
developed the software and create LDD & CDD document

Testing: - After finishing the coding tester comes into the picture, they did the various testing task of the developed and
coded program with less error and create the test document

UAT: - The last phase of this SDLC method is (the user acceptance test). After finished all the phases final product run is
done on the user server or UAT server. Deployment and Implementation Release the product to a client

Iterative -

The iterative methodology is based on a set of building blocks, it describes for production what necessary skills are required
and the step-to-step explanation describes how a specific development goal is to be achieved.

Steps to be followed in iterative Method

Role: -Role defines a set of related skill competencies and responsibilities

Work: -It represents something resulting from the task & including all the documents and models produce while working
through the process

Task: - This describes a unit of work assigned to the role and provides a meaningful result Evolutionary: -

This method is used for Risk analysis. It has four phases viz planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering, and evaluation. The
software Project is repeatedly passed through each phase in iteration, Planning is the baseline of the spiral

Planning Phase: - Information Gathered

Risk Analysis Phase: - To identify the risk and alternate solution of risk and prototype produced Engineering Phase: -
Software is produced and Testing done
Evaluation Phase: - In this phase allow the customer to evaluate the output of the project to date before the project
continues to the next spiral

Agile: -

Agile Methodologies can be implemented where faster delivery is required, in this method no documentation is required
coding is itself formed as documentation, Agile is the faster method to achieve the goal. It satisfies the customer through
early and continuous delivery of the valuable software, Changes can easily be accepted and implemented in any phase of
SDLC,

In this phase software is continuously delivered to the customer from a couple of weeks to a month, working software is
the primary measure of the life cycle; to build the product with a motivated individual using face-to-face conversation
promotes sustainable development, the best architecture requirement and Design emerge from the self-organizing team.
Question 9 – Waterfall RUP Spiral and Scrum Models

They discussed models in SDLC like waterfall RUP Spiral and Scrum. You put forth your understanding of these models
When the APT IT SOLUTIONS company got the project to make this online agriculture product store, there is a difference
of opinion between a couple of SMEs and the project team regarding which methodology would be more suitable for
this project. SMEs are stressing about using the V model and the project team is leaning more onto the side of the
waterfall model. As a business analyst, which methodology do you think would be better for this project?

Answer -

A) Waterfall: -A waterfall model is a traditional model in IT companies, The waterfall model is a classical model used in the
system development life cycle to create a system with a linear and sequential approach. In this model software
development is done from one phase to another phase in a download manner, the output of one phase is used as an
input for the next phase, every phase must be completed before the next phase starts and there is no overlapping of the
phases. it is a progressive implementation of the project which is divided into different phases of SDLC. As waterfall
models have few limitations, still it was used earlier on a wide range

B) RUP Model: -Stands for Rational Unified Model This is a software development process from rational, a division of IBM, it
divides the development process into four distinct phases that each involve business modeling, Analysis, and design,
Implementation, testing, and deployment, In RUP there are four project life cycles

A) Inception

B) Elaboration

C) Construction

D) Transaction

C) Spiral: -

This phase starts with a gathering of business requirements in the subsequent spirals as the product matures identification
of system requirement are done In this phase. This also includes understanding system requirements through continual
communication between the customer and the analyst

at the end of the spiral, the product is deployed

1)Design: The design phase starts with the design in the baseline spiral and involves the architectural, logical design of
modules, physical product design, and final design in successive spirals.
1) Construct: Construct phase refers to the development of the final software product at every spiral. In the spiral when
the product is just thought and the design is being developed, a Proof of Concept (POC) is developed in this phase to
get the users’ feedback. Then in the successive spirals with higher clarity on requirements and design, a working model
of the software called to build is developed with a version number. These versions are sent to the users for feedback.

2) Evaluation and Risk Analysis: Risk analysis includes identifying, estimating, and observing technical feasibility such as
schedule slippage and cost overrun. After testing the build, at the end of the first iteration, the user evaluates the
software and provides feedback. Based on the customer assessment, the development process enters into the next
iteration and afterward follows the linear approach to implement the feedback provided by the user. The process of
iterations along the spiral carries on throughout the life of the software

D) Scrum: -

Scrum is not a process technique or definitive method, rather it is a framework within which you can employ various
processes and techniques. It has three roles, and every role has clear accountability. The product owner is responsible for
maximizing the value of the product resulting from the development teamwork

The Scrum model suggests that projects progress via a series of sprints. In keeping with an agile methodology, sprints are
time-boxed to no more than a month-long, most commonly two weeks

Scrum is a lightweight agile process framework used primarily for managing software development. Scrum is often
contrasted with the so-called “Waterfall” approach, which emphasizes up-front planning and scheduling of activities,
followed by execution

The scrum models have 5 steps also called phases in a scrum. Step 1: Product Backlog Creation.

Step 2: Sprint planning and creating a backlog Step 3: Working on sprint.

Step 4: Retrospective and the next sprint planning

According to me, the use of the V Model methodology is supposed to be better for this project. It is also known as
Verification and Validation Model.

V-model is a sequential process in which the next phase begins only after the completion of the present phase.

also, The Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr. Pandu, and Mr. Dooku discussed with Mr. Karthik and finalized the V Model
approach.
Question 10 – Waterfall Vs V-Model

Write down the differences between waterfall model and V model. Answer -

Waterfall model V-model

In Waterfall model required budget is low. V Model is expensive compared to Waterfall

model

Simplicity of the water model is simple. Simplicity of the V Model is intermediate.

Flexibility of Waterfall model is rigid. Flexibility of V model is little flexible.

Waterfall model steps move in a linear way. V Models steps don’t move in a linear way

In Waterfall model testing activities start after the In V model testing activities start with the first
development activities are over. stage.

Guarantee of success through waterfall model is Guarantee of success through V model is high.
low.

Waterfall model is a continuous process. V Model is simultaneous process.

Software made using waterfall model the number Software made using V model the number of
of defects is less in comparison of V Model. defects is greater in comparison of software made
using waterfall model

Waterfall model is less used now a days in V model is widely used in software engineering
software engineering.

Requirements are clear from the start High amount of uncertainty

One of the very old methods and commonly Not so commonly used

used

Simple to use method steps can be completed Each step should be completed before moving to
alternatively another step

Defects found at the end Defects found at the start of the project
Question 11 – Justify your choice

As a BA, state your reason for choosing one model for this project Answer -

V Model is based on verification and validation wherein change requests can be easily accommodated in the middle of the
project development life cycle. Also, Coding and testing are performed simultaneously hence defects of the error are less so
higher chance of success in this model.

SMEs are stressed about using the V model. And Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr. Pandu, and Mr. Dooku discussed with Mr.
Karthik and finalized the V Model approach.

hence V model is the best choice.

Question 12 – Gantt Chart

The Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr Pandu, and Mr Dooku discussed with Mr Karthik and finalised on the V Model approach
(RG, RA, Design, D1, T1, D2, T2, D3, T3, D4, T4 and UAT) Mr Vandanam is mapped as a PM to this project. He studies this
Project and Prepares a Gantt chart with V Model (RG, RA, Design, D1, T1, D2, T2, D3, T3, D4, T4 and UAT) as development
process and the Resources are PM, BA, Java Developers, testers, DB Admin, NW Admin.

Answer –

Gantt chart shows progress of report, where project is standing.

chart lists the tasks to be performed on the vertical axis
time intervals on the horizontal axis

Month
Task
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
RG
RA
DESIGN
D1
T1
D2
T2
D3
T3
D4
T4
UAT
Question 13 – Fixed Bid Vs Billing

The Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr Pandu, and Mr Dooku is now discussing about the funds and how to release the funds
for development. They were studying Fixed Bid model and Billing Model. Share your knowledge on Fixed Bid model and
Billing Model.

The Committee freeze the Billing Model and agreed to release funds against the timesheets submitted for every 2 weeks.
Every Alternate Friday EOB, Mr Karthik will forward the Development Team Timesheets and in 3 working days, The
Committee will verify and release funds. The Committee proposed to have a Quarterly Audit on the Project progress

Answer -

fixed bid -

A fixed bid project must have a start and end date and it is billed on a specific amount regardless of the hours worked this
fixed bid can be allocated within a month a week or after the completion of the project. This is based on milestones.

Billing model -

The billing model is used for the project based on time and material. It is a simple method where the prices per person per
skill per technology are decided and charged based on it, vendor issues monthly insight of work completed this model is
agile-oriented. this is based on the time material work hour model.
Question 14 – Preparer Timesheets of a BA in various stages of SDLC –

➢ Design Timesheet of a BA

➢ Development Timesheet of a BA

➢ Testing Timesheet of a BA

➢ UAT Timesheet of a BA

➢ Deployment n Implementation Timesheet of a BA

Answer –

RG Timesheet of a BA

Requirement Gathering Time sheet for BA

Day Login Hrs
Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Meet With Stakeholders
09- AM 12.00 PM 3
Gather and Documents
12.00 PM 1.00 PM 1
Lunch
Day 1 in 01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
RG List assumptions and
02.00 PM 3.00 PM 1 requirements
Get Approvals
03.00 PM 5.00 PM 2
Monitor Progress
05.00 PM 6.00 PM 1

RA Timesheet of a BA

Requirement Analysis Time sheet for BA

Day Login Hrs
Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Identify Key Stakeholders
09- AM 12.00 PM 3 and end users
Capture Requirements
12.00 PM 1.00 PM 1
Day 1 in
Lunch
RA 01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
Categorize Requirements
02.00 PM 3.00 PM 1
Interpret and Record
03.00 PM 6.00 PM 3 Requirements
Design Timesheet of a BA

Design Time Sheet for BA

Day Login Hrs
Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Preparation of ADD and
09- AM 1.00 PM 4 HDD
Lunch
Day 1 in 01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
Design Preparation of ADD and
02.00 PM 3.00 PM 1 HDD
Finalize the solution
03.00 PM 6.00 PM 3

Development Timesheet of a BA

Development Timesheet of a BA
Login Hrs
Day Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Use case Diagram, Use
09- AM 1.00 PM 4 case specs.
Day 1 in Lunch
01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
Developmen
Preparation of ADD and
t
02.00 PM 3.00 PM 1 HDD
Discussion and framing
03.00 PM 6.00 PM 3 LDD and CDD application.

Testing Timesheet of a BA

Testing Timesheet of a BA
Login Hrs
Day Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Review of system test
09- AM 1.00 PM 4 cases
Lunch
Day 1 in 01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
Testing Review of system test
02.00 PM 3.00 PM 1 cases.
Providing feedback
03.00 PM 6.00 PM 3 wherever required.
UAT Timesheet of a BA

UAT Timesheet of a BA
Day Login Hrs
Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Run test case with
09- AM 1.00 PM 4 stakeholders
Day 1 in
Lunch
UAT 01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
Run test case with
02.00 PM 6.00 PM 4 stakeholders

Deployment n Implementation Timesheet of a BA

Deployment and Implementation Timesheet of a BA

Login Hrs
Day Worked Time Logout Time Worked Task Done
Running application on clients
09- AM 1.00 PM 4 server
Day 1 in Lunch
01.00 PM 2.00 PM 1
Deployment n
Implementation 02.00 PM 4.00 PM 4 Doubt clearing sessions
Project closure
4.00 PM 6.00 PM
2 documentation