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Mathassignment (3)

The document is an assignment on the Laplace Transform, detailing its formula, common formulas, properties, and examples of mathematical applications. It also includes a section on solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the Laplace Transform. The assignment is authored by Umor Faruk from the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views6 pages

Mathassignment (3)

The document is an assignment on the Laplace Transform, detailing its formula, common formulas, properties, and examples of mathematical applications. It also includes a section on solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the Laplace Transform. The assignment is authored by Umor Faruk from the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment on Laplace Transform

Name: Umor Faruk


ID: 2103130
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

Contents
1 Formula of Laplace Transform 2

2 Common Laplace Transform Formulas 2

3 Mathematical Examples 3

4 Properties of Laplace Transform 5

5 Solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using Laplace Trans-


form 6

1
1 Formula of Laplace Transform
The Laplace Transform of a function f (t) is defined as:
Z ∞
L{f (t)} = F (s) = f (t)e−st dt, s > 0.
0

2 Common Laplace Transform Formulas

1
L{1} = , s > 0
s
n!
L{tn } = n+1 , s > 0
s
1
L{eat } = , s>a
s−a
a
L{sin(at)} = 2
s + a2
s
L{cos(at)} = 2
s + a2
b
L{eat sin(bt)} =
(s − a)2 + b2
s−a
L{eat cos(bt)} =
(s − a)2 + b2
L{f ′ (t)} = sF (s) − f (0)
L{f ′′ (t)} = s2 F (s) − sf (0) − f ′ (0).

2
3 Mathematical Examples
Example 1: Laplace Transform of t2
f (t) = t2 .
Using the formula:
n!
L{tn } = ,
sn+1
we get:
2! 2
L{t2 } = 3
= 3.
s s

Example 2: Laplace Transform of e−3t sin(5t)


f (t) = e−3t sin(5t).
Using the formula:
b
L{eat sin(bt)} = ,
(s − a)2 + b2
we get:
5
L{e−3t sin(5t)} = .
(s + 3)2 + 25

Example 3: Laplace Transform of sin(4t)


f (t) = sin(4t).
Using the formula:
a
L{sin(at)} = ,
s2 + a2
we get:
4
L{sin(4t)} = .
s2 + 16

Example 4: Laplace Transform of cos(2t)


f (t) = cos(2t).
Using the formula:
s
L{cos(at)} = ,
s2 + a2
we get:
s
L{cos(2t)} = .
s2 +4

Example 5: Laplace Transform of te2t


f (t) = te2t .
Using the formula:
1
L{teat } = ,
(s − a)2
we get:
1
L{te2t } = .
(s − 2)2

3
Example 6: Laplace Transform of t3
f (t) = t3 .
Using the formula:
n!
L{tn } = ,
sn+1
we get:
3! 6
L{t3 } = 4
= 4.
s s

Example 7: Laplace Transform of e5t


f (t) = e5t .
Using the formula:
1
L{eat } = ,
s−a
we get:
1
L{e5t } = .
s−5

1
Example 8: Laplace Transform of t
1
f (t) = .
t
Using the formula:
sn−1
L{t−n } = , n > 0,
Γ(n)
for n = 1, we get:
s0
 
1
L = = 1.
t Γ(1)

4
4 Properties of Laplace Transform
Linearity Property
If f (t) and g(t) are two functions, and a and b are constants:

L{af (t) + bg(t)} = aL{f (t)} + bL{g(t)}.

Shifting Property
L{eat f (t)} = F (s − a).

Differentiation Property
L{f ′ (t)} = sF (s) − f (0), L{f ′′ (t)} = s2 F (s) − sf (0) − f ′ (0).

Integration Property
Z t 
F (s)
L f (τ ) dτ = .
0 s

5
5 Solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)
using Laplace Transform
Solve the following ODE:
y ′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = 0, y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0.

Step 1: Apply the Laplace Transform


Taking the Laplace Transform of both sides:
L{y ′′ } + 2L{y ′ } + 5L{y} = 0.
Using the formulas:
L{y ′′ } = s2 Y (s) − sy(0) − y ′ (0), L{y ′ } = sY (s) − y(0), L{y} = Y (s),
we get:
(s2 Y (s) − s · 1 − 0) + 2(sY (s) − 1) + 5Y (s) = 0.

Step 2: Simplify the Equation


Simplify:
s2 Y (s) − s + 2sY (s) − 2 + 5Y (s) = 0.
Combine terms:
Y (s)(s2 + 2s + 5) = s + 2.

Step 3: Solve for Y (s)


s+2
Y (s) = .
s2 + 2s + 5

Step 4: Simplify and Apply the Inverse Laplace Transform


The denominator s2 + 2s + 5 can be rewritten as:
s2 + 2s + 5 = (s + 1)2 + 4.
Thus:
s+1 1
Y (s) = + .
(s + 1) + 4 (s + 1)2 + 4
2

Using inverse Laplace Transform formulas:


   
−1 s−a at −1 b
L 2 2
= e cos(bt), L 2 2
= eat sin(bt),
(s − a) + b (s − a) + b
we get:
1
y(t) = e−t cos(2t) + e−t sin(2t).
2

Final Solution
1
y(t) = e−t cos(2t) + e−t sin(2t).
2

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