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Mathassignment (3)

The document is an assignment on the Laplace Transform, detailing its formula, common formulas, properties, and examples of mathematical applications. It also includes a section on solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the Laplace Transform. The assignment is authored by Umor Faruk from the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology.

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10 views6 pages

Mathassignment (3)

The document is an assignment on the Laplace Transform, detailing its formula, common formulas, properties, and examples of mathematical applications. It also includes a section on solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the Laplace Transform. The assignment is authored by Umor Faruk from the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology.

Uploaded by

Umor faruk suptoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment on Laplace Transform

Name: Umor Faruk


ID: 2103130
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

Contents
1 Formula of Laplace Transform 2

2 Common Laplace Transform Formulas 2

3 Mathematical Examples 3

4 Properties of Laplace Transform 5

5 Solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using Laplace Trans-


form 6

1
1 Formula of Laplace Transform
The Laplace Transform of a function f (t) is defined as:
Z ∞
L{f (t)} = F (s) = f (t)e−st dt, s > 0.
0

2 Common Laplace Transform Formulas

1
L{1} = , s > 0
s
n!
L{tn } = n+1 , s > 0
s
1
L{eat } = , s>a
s−a
a
L{sin(at)} = 2
s + a2
s
L{cos(at)} = 2
s + a2
b
L{eat sin(bt)} =
(s − a)2 + b2
s−a
L{eat cos(bt)} =
(s − a)2 + b2
L{f ′ (t)} = sF (s) − f (0)
L{f ′′ (t)} = s2 F (s) − sf (0) − f ′ (0).

2
3 Mathematical Examples
Example 1: Laplace Transform of t2
f (t) = t2 .
Using the formula:
n!
L{tn } = ,
sn+1
we get:
2! 2
L{t2 } = 3
= 3.
s s

Example 2: Laplace Transform of e−3t sin(5t)


f (t) = e−3t sin(5t).
Using the formula:
b
L{eat sin(bt)} = ,
(s − a)2 + b2
we get:
5
L{e−3t sin(5t)} = .
(s + 3)2 + 25

Example 3: Laplace Transform of sin(4t)


f (t) = sin(4t).
Using the formula:
a
L{sin(at)} = ,
s2 + a2
we get:
4
L{sin(4t)} = .
s2 + 16

Example 4: Laplace Transform of cos(2t)


f (t) = cos(2t).
Using the formula:
s
L{cos(at)} = ,
s2 + a2
we get:
s
L{cos(2t)} = .
s2 +4

Example 5: Laplace Transform of te2t


f (t) = te2t .
Using the formula:
1
L{teat } = ,
(s − a)2
we get:
1
L{te2t } = .
(s − 2)2

3
Example 6: Laplace Transform of t3
f (t) = t3 .
Using the formula:
n!
L{tn } = ,
sn+1
we get:
3! 6
L{t3 } = 4
= 4.
s s

Example 7: Laplace Transform of e5t


f (t) = e5t .
Using the formula:
1
L{eat } = ,
s−a
we get:
1
L{e5t } = .
s−5

1
Example 8: Laplace Transform of t
1
f (t) = .
t
Using the formula:
sn−1
L{t−n } = , n > 0,
Γ(n)
for n = 1, we get:
s0
 
1
L = = 1.
t Γ(1)

4
4 Properties of Laplace Transform
Linearity Property
If f (t) and g(t) are two functions, and a and b are constants:

L{af (t) + bg(t)} = aL{f (t)} + bL{g(t)}.

Shifting Property
L{eat f (t)} = F (s − a).

Differentiation Property
L{f ′ (t)} = sF (s) − f (0), L{f ′′ (t)} = s2 F (s) − sf (0) − f ′ (0).

Integration Property
Z t 
F (s)
L f (τ ) dτ = .
0 s

5
5 Solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)
using Laplace Transform
Solve the following ODE:
y ′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = 0, y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0.

Step 1: Apply the Laplace Transform


Taking the Laplace Transform of both sides:
L{y ′′ } + 2L{y ′ } + 5L{y} = 0.
Using the formulas:
L{y ′′ } = s2 Y (s) − sy(0) − y ′ (0), L{y ′ } = sY (s) − y(0), L{y} = Y (s),
we get:
(s2 Y (s) − s · 1 − 0) + 2(sY (s) − 1) + 5Y (s) = 0.

Step 2: Simplify the Equation


Simplify:
s2 Y (s) − s + 2sY (s) − 2 + 5Y (s) = 0.
Combine terms:
Y (s)(s2 + 2s + 5) = s + 2.

Step 3: Solve for Y (s)


s+2
Y (s) = .
s2 + 2s + 5

Step 4: Simplify and Apply the Inverse Laplace Transform


The denominator s2 + 2s + 5 can be rewritten as:
s2 + 2s + 5 = (s + 1)2 + 4.
Thus:
s+1 1
Y (s) = + .
(s + 1) + 4 (s + 1)2 + 4
2

Using inverse Laplace Transform formulas:


   
−1 s−a at −1 b
L 2 2
= e cos(bt), L 2 2
= eat sin(bt),
(s − a) + b (s − a) + b
we get:
1
y(t) = e−t cos(2t) + e−t sin(2t).
2

Final Solution
1
y(t) = e−t cos(2t) + e−t sin(2t).
2

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