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Parameter Estimation

Parameter estimation in NLP models involves determining optimal parameter values to enhance tasks like understanding, generating, or translating text. Techniques such as Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Bayesian Estimation are used to adjust parameters based on text data and prior beliefs. The effectiveness of an NLP model heavily relies on the accuracy of its parameter estimation.

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38 views12 pages

Parameter Estimation

Parameter estimation in NLP models involves determining optimal parameter values to enhance tasks like understanding, generating, or translating text. Techniques such as Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Bayesian Estimation are used to adjust parameters based on text data and prior beliefs. The effectiveness of an NLP model heavily relies on the accuracy of its parameter estimation.

Uploaded by

sonyglp9392
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PARAMETER ESTIMATION

8/10/2024 2

 In NLP models, parameters are values that the model


uses to make decisions.
WHAT ARE
 For example, in a language model, parameters might
include probabilities that represent how likely one PARAMETERS?
word is to follow another word.

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8/10/2024 3

WHAT IS PARAMETER ESTIMATION?


 Parameter estimation is the process of
determining the best values for the parameters of
a model so that it can accurately perform tasks
WHAT IS like

PARAMETER  understanding,
ESTIMATION?  generating, or
 translating text.

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8/10/2024 4

The accuracy and effectiveness of


an NLP model depend on how well
its parameters are set.
IMPORTANCE OF
PARAMETER
ESTIMATION Good parameter estimation
ensures that the model can
understand and generate human-
like text accurately.

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8/10/2024 5

Working1.ofFirst, you need a large amount of text data (like


parameter estimation
books, articles, or web pages). This data helps the
model learn language patterns.
2. The model uses this text data to learn. During
training, it adjusts its parameters based on the
patterns it finds in the data.

WORKING 3. The model repeatedly adjusts its parameters to


minimize errors. This process is often guided by
techniques like Maximum Likelihood Estimation
(MLE) or Bayesian methods.
4. The model's performance is evaluated on a separate
set of data (not used during training). This helps
ensure that the model generalizes well to new,
unseen text.
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8/10/2024 6

TECHNIQUES

MAXIMUM
BAYESIAN
LIKELIHOOD
ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION
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8/10/2024 7

 MLE is about finding the parameter values that make the


MAXIMUM observed data most likely.

LIKELIHOOD  In the context of NLP, this means finding the probabilities of


words or sequences of words that best explain the text data
ESTIMATION you have.

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How it works?

 1. Gather a large amount of text data.


 2. Count how often different words or sequences of
HOW IT words appear in the data.
WORKS?  3. Use these counts to estimate the probabilities of
words or sequences. For example, the probability of a
word w given a previous word Wprev is estimated as:

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FORMULA

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 Bayesian Estimation involves updating the probability
estimates based on both prior knowledge and new
data.
BAYESIAN  It incorporates a "prior" distribution that represents
ESTIMATION your initial beliefs before seeing the data.

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How it works?
1. Start with a prior distribution that represents your initial
beliefs about the parameters.

HOW IT 2. Gather your text data.

WORKS? 3. Use Bayes' Theorem to update the prior distribution


with the observed data to get the posterior distribution.
This posterior distribution represents your updated
beliefs after seeing the data.
FORMULA

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