HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF STS IN THE WORLD:
ANCIENT,MIDDLE AND MODERN IN THE
PHILIPPINES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
•to have a better understanding of how humans first began hunting and
what transpired throughout the prehistoric period.
•to better understand the paleolithic mesolithic and neolithic eras.
•explain how agriculture development has changed the world.
PREHISTORY
•Everything that happened before records
began.
•All evidence comes from material remains left
VISION
behind
3 STONE AGES IN PREHISTORY
PALEOLITHIC, MESOLITHIC,AND NEOLITHIC
all three words have root word "lithic" in common.
•WHAT DOES "LITHIC" MEAN?
–it is relating to the use of stone implements in a specified cultural period.
WHEN DID THE STONE AGE BEGIN?
the stone age began around 2.6 million years ago when the first evidence of people using stone
tools was discovered and lasted until roughly 3,300 B.C. the start of the paleolithic period
mesolithic period and neolithic period are the three major periods of human history.stone tools
may have evolved even earlier in our primate ancestors according to some researchers because
certain current apes such as bonobos can you use them to gather food.
early people haunted and gathered in caves, simple huts or tepees throughout the paleolithic
period (approximately 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 bc).for hunting birds and wild
animals,they employed simple stone and bone tools as well as primitive stone axes.they used
controlled fire to cook their prey,which included woolly mammoths,deer, and bison.they
fished and gathered berries, fruit,and nuts as well.
EXAMPLE OF STONE AND BONE TOOLS:
PEBBLE TOOLS
rock shaped by the pounding of another stone to produce tools
with a serrated crest that served as a chopping blade.
HAND ADZES
tools shaped from a block of stone to create a rounded
butt and a single-bevel straight or curved cutting edge.
PALEOLITHIC AGE
means the old stone age."Paleo"means "old" and "Lithic" means "stone age
–It lasted from about 2.5 million to 8000 B.C.E.
–Arrival of hominids about 1.6 million years ago like species of creatures that walk upright.
EARLY HUMANS
–Developed Technology-ways of applying knowledge,tools and inventions to meet their needs.
PREHISTORIC LIFE
During the paleolithic age, prehistoric people were nomads meaning, people that moved from
place to place in search of basic survival needs(food,water,shelter)also known as hunters-gatherers.
Humans used small stone tools nail polish and occasionally made with points to serve a spears and arrows
throughout the mesolithic period(about 10,000 B.C. to 8,000 B.C.).They frequently camped near rivers and
gather bodies of water.during this period agriculture was introduced resulting in more permanent
communities in villages.
The age in human culture characterized by moving from a food gathering society to a
food production society.Tools in this age often had "barbs" or interchangeable blades.
EXAMPLES OF SPARES AND ARROWS IN MESOLITHIC AGE:
reallygreatsite.com
STONE MALLET DAGGER ARROW
The Neolithic period also known as the new stone age was the culminating stage of prehistoric
humans cultural progress and technological advancement.Stone tools formed by polishing or
grinding,reliance on domesticated plants or animals, settlement in permanent settlements and the
appearance of crafts like pottery and weaving were all characteristics of this period
-Change from being nomadic to creating permanent settlements.
–Began to develop agriculture and began to practice domestication of animals such as
cattle,goats,sheep and pigs for food.
AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
Agriculture –growing of crops for food
Domestication –breeding of animals for food
THE NEW STONE AGE
Neo:New
Lithic:Stone Age
–It began about 8000 B.C.E
–The most significant event that took place during this era was the Neolithic Revolution.
IMPACT OF NEOLITHIC AGE:
The shift from food gathering to food production was an important achievement in the evolution of
man.
*Unlike hunting and gathering, agriculture and domestication provided a steady source
of food.
*With the greater food supply,population began to increase and specialized roles in society
began to appear that would lead to the development of civilization.
ADVANCEMENTS OF NEOLITHIC AGE:
1.Inventions
Two important inventions enabled traders to move more goods over longer
distances.
•Wheel
•Sail
To cultivate more land and produce extra crops for trading,ancient people
began to build elaborate irrigation systems.
2.Role in Society
people settled in various roles social classes with varying wealth power and influence
began to emerge this became known specialization.
3.Economic changes
–As civilizations began to appear,they developed traditional economies.
–Based on Agriculture and simple crafts-Use of barter system (trade)
COMPARE AND CONTRAST CHART
ANCIENT TIMES
•During the ancient times, transportation was significant during new horizons that time
because people were trying to go places and discover new horizons.They traveled to
search for food and find better locations for their settlements.Communication was also
essential in their endeavors to discover and occupy new places.They needed a way to
communicate with the natives of the areas they visited to facilitate trade and prevent
possible conflicts.
Weapon and armors were important as well in the discovery of new places or the
establishments of new alliances with other tribes.At that time,there as always a risk of
conflict when people met others with different culture and orientation.
SUMMARY
•Paleolithic Age or Old Stone Stage was when the humans lived in caves or simple
huts,they also used basic stone and bone tools and cooked their prey using controlled
fire.
•Neolithic Age or New Stone Age is when ancient humans switched from hunter or
gatherer more to agriculture and food production.
•Bronze Age and were made as bronze,a copper and tin alloy was discovered,advances
in architectures and art, including the invention the potter's wheel and textiles,organized
government,law and warfare,as well as beginnings of religion also happen in bronze age.
•People in Iron Age discover the ways to heat and forge iron.Weapons made of iron is
stronger compared to weapons made of bronze.Water system also started on Iron Age.
