Solution

SPECIAL TEST

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
3 1

(d) 2

3
x 2 + 2x 2 + C

−
Explanation: ∫ (√x +
1
) dx
√x
1 1
−
=∫ x 2 dx + ∫ x 2 dx
3 1

= x 2

3
+
x 2

1
+ C

2 2
3 1

= 2

3
x 2 + 2x 2 + C

−−−−−−
2. (a) 2
log |x + √x − 16| + C
dx
−− −−−−
Explanation: We know that ∫ 2 2
2 2
= log |x + √x − a | + C
√x − a

dx
−−−−−−
2
∴ I = ∫ = log |x + √x − 16| + C
√x2 − 42

3.
−1 x
sin (2 )
(c) log 2
+ c

Explanation: The given integral is ∫ 2

x
dx =?
√1−4

Put 2x = t and 2x log 2 dx = dt

1 dt 1 −1 1 −1 x
I = ∫ = sin t + C = sin (2 ) + C
log 2 √1−t2 log 2 (log 2)

4.
3/2
(b) 1

3
(x
2
− 1) + C
n+1

Explanation: Formula :- ∫ n
x dx =
x

n+1
+ c; ∫
1

2
dt = sec
−1
t + c
t √t −1

Therefore ,
−−−−−
2
⇒ ∫ x√x − 1dx

Put x2-1=t ⇒ 2 xdx=dt

3

⇒ ∫ √t
dt

2
= 1

2
∫
t 2

3
dt

2
3
2
2
(x −1) 2
t 2
=
3
+ c = 3
+ c
3
1 2
= (x − 1) 2 + c
3

5.
(d) 1

3
sin 3x + C

Explanation: Given integral is ∫ cos 3x

So, ∫ cos 3x dx = + c where c is the integrating constant.
sin 3x

2
πx x
6. (a) 4
+
4
+ C

Explanation: The given integral is ∫ tan -1(sec x + tan x)dx

n+1 2
x x x
Formula:- ∫ x dx =
n

n+1
+ c; 1 + sin x = (cos
2
+ sin
2
)

2 x 2 x tan a+tan b
cos x = cos − sin ; tan(a + b) =
2 2 1−tan a tan b

Therefore,
−1 −1 1+sin x
⇒∫ tan (sec x + tan x)dx = ∫ tan ( )dx
cos x

2 2
x x x x
(cos +sin ) (cos +sin )
−1 2 2 −1 2 2
⇒∫ tan dx = ∫ tan dx
2 2 x x 2 x x
cos 2 − sin (cos +sin )(cos −sin )
2 2 2 2 2 2

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 1
x x x
(cos +sin ) 1+tan
−1 2 2 −1 2
∫ tan dx = ∫ tan x
dx
x x
(cos −sin ) 1−tan
2 2 2

x
(Multiply by sec 2
in numerator and denominator)
x π x
1+tan tan +tan

⇒∫ tan
−1 2

x
dx =∫ tan
−1
π
4

π
2

x
dx =∫ tan
−1
tan(
π

4
+
x

2
)dx
1−tan tan −tan tan
2 4 4 2
2
π x πx x
⇒∫ ( + ) dx = + + c
4 2 4 4

7.
1 2 cos x
(b) − tan
−1
( ) + C
2√3 √3

sin x
Explanation: I = ∫ 2
dx
3+4 cos x

Put cos x = t

⇒ − sin xdx = dt

⇒ sin xdx = −dt

−dt
I = ∫
2
3+4t

−1 −1 2t
I = tan ( ) + c
2√3 √3

−1 −1 2 cos x
I = tan ( ) + c
2√3 √3

−−−−−−
8. (a) 1

2
2
log |2x + √4x − 9| + C
−−−−−− −−−−−−
Explanation: I = 1

2
∫
dx

2
=
1

2
log |x + √x
2
−
9

4
| + c =
1

2
2
log |2x + √4x − 9| + C
3
√x2 − ( )
2

9.
−1
(c) a = 10
,b= 2

Explanation: Given; ∫ dx

2
= a log |1 + x2| + b tan-1 x + 1

5
log |x + 2| + C
(x+2)(x +1)

Using concept of partial fractions

1 A Bx+C
⇒ = +
2 (x+2) 2
(x+2)(x +1) (x +1)

⇒ A(x2 + 1) + (Bx + C) (x + 2) = 1
⇒ x2 (A + B) + x(C + 2B) + (A + 2C) = 1
⇒ A + B = 0 …(i)
⇒ C + 2B = 0 …(ii)

⇒ A + 2C = 1 …(iii)

⇒ On solving the above three equations we get

⇒ A = , B = - and C =
1 1 2

5 5 5
1 1 2
x+
1 5 5 5
⇒ = +
2 (x+2) 2
(x+2)(x +1) (x +1)

1 1 2
− x+
5 5 5 1 x 2
⇒ + = − +
(x+2) 2 5(x+2) 2 2
(x +1) 5(x +1) 5(x +1)

⇒ ∫
dx
=∫ (
1
−
x
+
2
) dx
(x+2)(x2 +1) 5(x+2) 5(x2 +1) 5(x2 +1)

= 1

5
ln |x + 2| −
1

10
ln ∣
∣x
2
+ 1∣
∣ +
2

5
tan
−1
x =C
=
1

5
ln |x + 2| −
1

10
ln ∣
∣x
2
+ 1∣
∣ +
2

5
tan
−1
x+ C .....(ii)
On comparing (i) and (ii) we get,
a = - and b =
1

10
2

10.
2
∣ (x−2) ∣
(c) log∣ x−1
∣ + C
∣ ∣
x
Explanation: Let (x−1)(x−2)
=
x−1
A
+
x−2
B

x = A(x - 2) + B(x - 1) …(i)

Substituting x = 1 and 2 in (i), we get,
A = -1 and B = 2
Therefore, = − +
x 1 2

(x−1)(x−2) (x−1) (x−2)

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 x 1 2
∫ dx = ∫ {− + } dx
(x−1)(x−2) (x−1) (x−2)

= − log |x − 1| + 2 log |x − 2| + c
2
∣ (x−2) ∣
= log∣ x−1
∣ + C
∣ ∣

Section B
11. Let I = ∫ (9 sin x − 7 cos x − 6(sec x)
2
+ 2(csc x)
2
+ (csc x)
2
− 1) dx , Then
I = -9 cos x - 7 sin x - 6 tan x - 3 cot x - x + c
12. Let I = ∫ dx

√x+a+ √x+b

Since ∫ n
x dx =
n+1
1
x
n+1
+ c

We have,
I = ∫
dx
…............ (i)
√x+a+ √x+b

√x+a− √x+b
dx
I = ∫ ×
√x+a+ √x+b √x+a− √x+b

√x+a− √x+b
I = ∫ dx
2 2
( √x+a) −( √x+b)

√x+a− √x+b
I = ∫ dx
(x+a)−(x+b)

√x+a− √x+b
I = ∫ dx
x+a−x−b
1 −−−−− −−−−
I = [∫ √x + adx − ∫ √x + bdx]
a−b

1 1
1
I = [∫ (x + a) 2 dx − ∫ (x + b) 2 dx]
a−b

3 3

1 (x+a) 2 (x+b) 2
I = [ − ]
a−b 3 3

2 2

3 3
2
I = [(x + a) 2 − (x + b) 2 ]+ c
3(a−b)

1
13. Let, I = ∫ 3
dx .
√x+1+ √x+1

Here the exponents of (1 + x) are 1

2
and
1

3
and the LCM of their denominators is 6.
So, we put x + 1 = t6 and we get, dx = 6t5 dt.
3 3
1 5 t t +1−1
∴ I = ∫ 6t dt = 6 ∫ dt = 6 ∫ dt
2 3 t+1 t+1
t +t
3

dt = 6 ∫ (t2 - t + l ) dt - 6 ∫
t +1
⇒ I = 6∫
t+1
dt - 6 ∫ 1

t+1
1

t+1
dt

2t3 - 3t2 +
3 2

⇒ I = 6(
t

3
−
t

2
+ t) = 6 log|t + 1| + C = 6t - 6 log |t + 1| + C

⇒ I = 2(x + 1)1/2 - 3 ( x + 1)1/3 + 6(x + l)1/6 - 6 log|(x + 1)16 + 1| + C

4
sin x
14. Let I = ∫ 8
dx . Then, we have
cos x

sin 4 x

[Dividing numerator and denominator by cos4 x]

4
c os x
I = ∫ dx
8
c os x

c os4 x

⇒ I = ∫ tan4 x sec4 x dx
⇒ I = ∫ tan4 x (1 + tan2x) sec2 x dx = ∫ tan4 x (1 + tan2x) sec2 x dx
Put tan x - t and secz x dx = dt, we get
I = ∫ t4 (1 + t2) dt =
5 7 5 7
t t tan x tan x
+ + C = + + C
5 7 5 7

15. ∫ sin
2
(2x + 5) dx
1
= ∫ {1 − cos 2 (2x + 5)} dx
2
1−cos 2θ
Using sin 2
θ=
2
1
= ∫ {1 − cos(4x + 10)} dx
2
1
= [∫ 1dx − ∫ cos(4x + 10)dx]
2
sin(ax+b)
Using ∫ cos(ax + b)dx =
a
+ c

1 sin(4x+10)
= [x − ] + c
2 4

1 1
= x − sin(4x + 10) + c
2 8
2

16. ∫ sec x

2
dx
cos e c x

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 1

c os2 x
= ∫ dx
1

sin 2 x
2
sin x
= ∫ dx
2
cos x

2
= ∫ tan xdx

2
= ∫ (sec x − 1) dx

2
= ∫ sec xdx − ∫ 1dx

= tan x - x + c
17. Let I = ∫ sin 2x
dx
√sin4 x+4 sin2 x−2

Also let, sin2x = t then 2 sin x cos x dx = dt

Or sin 2x dx = dt
dt
I = ∫
√t2 +4t−2

dt
= ∫ dx
2 2
√t2 +2t(2)+(2) −(2) −2

dt
= ∫
2
√(t+2) −6

Let t + 2 = u then dt = du
du
I = ∫
2
√u2 −( √6)

−−−−− −− −−−−
2
= log |μ + √u − 6| + c [Since ∫ 1
dx = log|x + √a
2
+ x
2
| + c]
√a2 + x2
−−−−−−−− −
= log |t + 2 + √(t + 2)2 − 6 |+C
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
I = log |sin2x + 2 + √sin 4 x + 4 sin 2 x − 2 |+C
2
x
18. Let I = ∫ 4
dx
1−x

=∫ 1

2
[
2
2x

2
dx]
(1+ x )(1− x )

2 2
x + x −1+1
=∫ 1
[ dx]
2 (1+ x2 )(1− x2 )

2 2
(1+ x )−(1− x )

=∫ 1
[ dx]
2 (1+ x2 )(1− x2 )

2 2
(1+ x ) (1− x )

=∫ 1
[ dx − dx]
2 (1+ x2 )(1− x2 ) (1+ x2 )(1− x2 )

=∫ 1
[
1
dx −
1
dx]
2 (1− x2 ) (1+ x2 )

As we know,
a+x
∫
2
1

2
dx = 1

2a
log
a−x
(a − x )

∫
2
1

2
dx = 1

a
tan
−1 x

a
(a + x )

1 1 1+x 1
= 2
×
2
log
1−x
−
2
tan
−1
x + C

= 1

4
log
1+x

1−x
−
1

2
tan
−1
x + C

19. Let 16

2
=
A

x−2
+
B

x+2
+
C

2
(x−2)(x+2) (x+2)

2
16 A(x+2) +B(x−2)(x+2)+C(x−2)
or 2
=
2
(x−2)(x+2) (x−2)(x+2)

∴ 16 = A(x + 2)2 + B(x - 2)(x + 2) + C(x - 2) ... (i)

or 16 = (A + B)x2 + (4A + C)x + (4A - 4B - 2C) ... (ii)
Putting (x - 2) = 0 or x = 2 in (i), we get A = 1
Putting (x + 2) = 0 or x = -2 in (i), we get C = - 4.
Comparing the coefficients of x2 on both sides of (ii), we have
A + B = 0 or B = -A = -1.
Thus A = 1, B = -1 and C = -4
16 1 1 4
∴ = [ − − ]
2 (x−2) (x+2) 2
(x−2)(x+2) (x+2)

20. Here, the degree of numerator is greater than that of denominator. So, we divide the numerator by denominator to obtain
3
x
=x+3+ 7x−6
...........(i)
(x−1)(x−2) (x−1)(x−2)

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 7x−6 A B
Now, let (x−1)(x−2)
= x−1
+
x−2
........(ii)
⇒ 7x - 6 = A (x - 2) + B (x - 1) .........(iii)
On putting x - 2 = 0 or, x = 2 in (iii), we get: B = 8
On putting x - 1 = 0 or , x = 1 in (iii), we get: A = - 1
Substituting the values of A and B in (ii), we get
7x−6 8

(x−1)(x−2)
=− x−1
1
+
x−2

∴
x

(x−1)(x−2)
=x+3- x−1
1
+
x−2
8
[from (i)]
3

∴ I=∫ x
dx
(x−1)(x−2)

2
8
Or I = ∫ (x + 3 −
x−1
1
+
x−2
) dx = x

2
+ 3x - log|x - 1| + 8 log|x - 2| + C
Section C
2 4
x (x +4)
21. Let I = ∫ 2
dx
x +4
6 2
x +4x
= ∫ ( ) dx
2
x +4

Therefore by long division we have

Therefore,
2 4

= (x4 - 4x2 + 20) -

x (x +4)
80

2 2
(x +4) x +4

2 4
x (x +4)

I=∫ 2
dx
(x +4)

= ∫ (x4 - 4x2 + 20) dx - 80 ∫

dx

2 2
x +2

=∫ x4dx -4∫ x2dx + 20 ∫ dx - 80 ∫ dx

2
x2 + 2
4+1 3

= x

4+1
− 4[
x

3
] + 20(x) - 80 × 1

2
tan
−1
(
x

2
)+ C

+ 20x - 40 tan-1 (
5

= x

5
−
4

3
x
3 x

2
) +C
2

22. Let I = ∫ x

2
dx
(a+bx)

Using Long division method, we will break the given function as

2
2a a
− x−
2 b
x 1 b2
= +
2 2 2
(a+bx) b (bx+a)

2 (2bx+a)
x 1 a
⇒ = −
2 2 2 2
(a+bx) b b (bx+a)

2 2(bx+a)−a 2
x 1 a 1 2a 1 a 1
⇒
2
=
2
−
2
{
2
}=
2
−
2
×
bx+a
+
2
×
2
Thus we have
(a+bx) b b (bx+a) b b b (bx+a)

2
x
∴ I = ∫ dx
2
(a+bx)

2
1 2a 1 a 1
⇒ I = ∫ { − × + × } dx
2 2 bx+a 2 2
b b b (bx+a)

2
1 2a 1 a 1
⇒ I = ∫ 1 ⋅ dx − ∫ dx + ∫ dx
2 2 bx+a 2 2
b b b (bx+a)

2
x 2a a 1
⇒ I = − log |bx + a| − × + c
2 3 3 bx+a
b b b
2
1 a
⇒ I = {bx − 2a log |bx + a| − } + C
3 bx+a
b

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 x+1
23. Let I = ∫ dx
√2x+3

Let x + 1 = λ (2x + 3) + μ
On equating the coefficients of like powers of x on both sides,
We get
1 = 2λ, 3λ + μ = 1

⇒ λ = and 3 × + μ = 1
1

2
1

⇒ λ =
1

2
and μ = −1

Replacing x + 1 by λ (2x + 3) + μ in the given integral, we get

λ(2x+3)+μ
I = ∫ dx
√2x+3

λ(2x+3) 1
= ∫ dx + μ ∫ dx
√2x+3 √2x+3

= λ ∫ (2x + 3)1/2 dx + μ∫ (2x + 3 )-1/2 dx

3 1

(2x+3) 2 (2x+3) 2
= λ + μ + c
3 1
×2 2×
2 2
3

1
(2x+3) 2 −1 −1
=
1

2
×
3
+ (
2
) × (2x + 3) 2 + c [∵ λ = 1

2
,μ=
2
]
3 1

(2x+3) 2 (2x+3) 2
=
6
−
2
+c
3 1
1 1
∴ I = (2x + 3) 2 − (2x + 3) 2 + c
6 2

24. Let I = ∫ 1
dx . Then,
4 3 5
√(x−1) (x+2)

1
I = ∫ dx
3
4 x −1 8
√( ) (x+2)
x +2

1
= ∫ dx
x −1 3/4
2 4
(x+2) √( )
x +2

−3/4
x−1 1
= ∫ ( ) × dx
x+2 2
(x+2)

x−1
Put, x+2
= t or, 1 − x+2
3
= t. Then,
3
d (1 − ) = dt
x+2

3
⇒ dx = dt
2
(x+2)

1 1
⇒ dx = dt
2 3
(x+2)

x−1
Putting x+2
= t ⇒
1

2
dx =
1

3
dt , we obtain
(x+2)

1 −3/4
I = ∫ t dt
3

4 1/4
= t + C
3

1/4
4 x−1
= ( ) + C
3 x+2

25. Let the given integral be,

−−−−−− −
I = ∫ √csc x − 1 dx
−−−−−
1−sin x
= ∫ √ dx
sin x
−−−−−−−−−−−
(1−sin x)(1+sin x)
= ∫ √ dx
sin x(1+sin x)

−−−−−−−−
2
cos x
= ∫ √ dx
2
sin x+sin x

cos x
= ∫ dx
√sin2 x+sin x

Let sin x = t
⇒ cos x dx = dt
dt
= ∫
√t2 +t

dt
= ∫
2 2
1 1 1
√t2 +2t( )+ ( ) −( )
2 2 2

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 dt
= ∫
2 2
1 1
√(t+ ) −( )
2 2

Let, t + 1

2
=u
=> dt = du
du
= ∫
2
2 1
√u − ( )
2
−−−−−−−−
2 −− −−−−
2
= log |u + √u − (
1

2
) | + c ...[Since ∫ 1
dx = log|x + √a
2
+ x
2
| + c]
√a2 + x2

−−−−−−−−−−−− −
∣ 2 2∣
1 1 1
= log∣(t + ) + √(t + ) − ( ) ∣ + c
∣ 2 2 2 ∣
−−−−−−−−− −
I = log |sin x
+
1
+ √ 2
sin x + sin x
2
|+c
26. Given, I = ∫ cos 2x−cos 2α

cos x−cos α
dx

2 2
(2 cos x−1)−(2 cos α−1)
2
= ∫ dx [∵ cos 2θ = 2 cos θ − 1]
cos x−cos α
2 2
2(cos x− cos α)

= ∫ dx
(cos x−cos α)

2(cos x−cos α)(cos x+cos α)

2 2
= ∫ dx [∵ a − b = (a + b)(a − b)]
(cos x−cos α)

= ∫ 2(cos x + cos α)dx [ ∵here cosα is a constant ]

∴ I = 2(sinx + cosα × x) + C

∴ I = 2(sinx + x cos α) + C

27. Let 2x + 3 = λ d

dx
(x2 + 4x +1) + μ. Then,
2x + 3 = λ (2x + 4) + μ
Comparing the coefficients of like powers of x, we get
2λ = 2 and 4λ + = 3 ⇒ λ = 1 and μ = - 1
2x+3
∴ I = ∫ dx
√x2 +4x+1

By using values of λ , and μ , we have.

(2x+4)−1
⇒ I = ∫ dx
√x2 +4x+1

2x+4 1
⇒ I = ∫ dx − ∫ dx
√x2 +4x+1 √x2 +4x+1

⇒ I = ∫
dt
− ∫
1
dx , where t = x + 4x + 1
√t 2 2
√(x+2) −( √3)

−−−−−−−−−
⇒ I = 2√t - log |(x + 2) + √x + 4x + 1| + C 2

−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−−
⇒ I = 2√x + 4x + 1 - log |x + 2 + √x + 4x + 1| + C
2 2

28. Let the given integral be,

1
l=∫ sin x+cos x
dx

x 2 x
2 tan( ) 1− tan ( )

Putting sin x = and cos x =

2 2

2 x 2 x
1+ tan ( ) 1+ tan ( )
2 2

1
= ∫ x x
dx
2 tan( ) 1−tan2 ( )
2 2
+
2 x 2 x
1+tan ( ) 1+tan ( )
2 2

2 x
sec ( )
2
= ∫ dx
2 x x
1− tan ( )+2 tan( )
2 2

Let tan ( x

2
) =t
⇒
1

2
sec2 ( x

2
) dx = dt
sec2 (
x

2
) dx = 2dt
2dt
∴ I = 2∫
2
1− t −2t

−2dt
= 2∫
2
t +2t−1

−2dt
= 2∫
2
t +2t+1−2

dt
= 2∫
2 2
( √2) −(t−1)

√2+t−1
1 ∣ ∣
= 2 × ln + C
2√2 ∣ √2−t+1 ∣
x
∣ √2+tan −1 ∣
1 2
= ln ∣ x
∣ + C
√2 √2−tan +1
∣ 2
∣

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29. Given I = ∫ 2
2x

2
dx
(1+ x )(x +3)

Put x2 = t ⇒ 2xdx = dt
dt
∴ I = ∫
(t+1)(3+t)

Using partial fractions,

1
=
A
+
B
...(i)
(t+1)(3+t) (1+t) (3+t)

⇒ 1 = A(3 + t) + B(1 + t)
Putting t = -3, we get
1
⇒ 1 = −2B ⇒ B = −
2

Putting t = -1, we get

⇒ 1 = 2A ⇒ A =
1

On putting A = 1

2
and B = − 1

2
in Eq. (i), we get
1 (−1)

1 2 2
= +
(1+t)(3+t) 1+t 3+t

Integrating both sides w.r.t. to t ,

1 1 1 1 1
⇒ ∫ dt = ∫ dt − ∫ dt
(1+t)(3+t) 2 1+t 2 3+t

1 1
= log |1 + t| − log |3 + t| + C
2 2
1 2 1 2 2
= log |1 + x | − log |3 + x | + C [ put t = x ]
2 2
2
1 ∣ 1+x ∣ m
∴ I =
2
log
∣ 2 ∣
+ C [∵ log m - log n = log n
]
3+x

30. Let the given integral be,

2
x +1
I = ∫ dx
2
(x−3)(x−1)

Now using partial fractions by putting, x +1

2
=
A
+
B
+
C

2
.... (1)
(x−3)(x−1) (x−3) (x−1) (x−1)

A(x - 1)2 + B(x - 3)(x - 1) + C(x - 3) = x2 + 1

Putting x - 1 = 0,
X=1
A(0) + B(0) + C(1 - 3) = 1 + 1
C = -1
Putting x - 3 = 0,
X=3
A(3-1)2 + B(0) + C(0) = 9 + 1
A(4) = 10
5
A=
2

Equating the coefficient of x2

A+B=1
5
+ B= 1
2
5 −3
B= 1 − =
2 2
2
x +1
From (i) ∫ 2
dx =
5

2
∫
x−3
1
dx −
3

2
∫
1

x−1
dx − ∫
1

2
dx
(x−3)(x−1) (x−1)

5 3 1
= log |x − 3| − log |x − 1| + + C
2 2 x−1

Section D
31. We have,
f(x) = ∫ f ′
(x)dx

⇒ f(x) = ∫ (a sin x + b cos x)dx

= -a cos x + b sin x + c
∴ f(x) = - a cos x + b sin x + c ...(i)

Since
f'(0) = 4
∴ f'(0) = a sin 0 + b cos 0 = 4
⇒ a×0+b=4
⇒ b = 4

Now,

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 f(0) = 3
∴ f(0) = -a cos 0 + b sin 0 + c = 3

⇒ -a + 0 + c = 3

⇒ c - a = 3 ...(ii)
π
and, f( ) = 5 2

∴ f( π

2
) = - a cos ( π

2
) + b sin ( π

2
) +c=5
⇒ -a×0+b×1+c=5
⇒ b+c=5
⇒ 4 + c = 5 [∵ b = 4]
⇒ c = 5 - 4

⇒ c = 1

Putting c = 1 in equation (ii), we get

1-a=3
⇒ -a=3-1
⇒ - a = 2

⇒ a = - 2

Putting a = - 2, b = 4 and c = 1 in equation (i), we get

f(x) = -(-2) cos x + 4 sin x + 1
⇒ f(x) = 2 cos x + 4 sin x + 1

Hence, f(x) = 2 cos x + 4 sin x + 1

32. The given integral is.
I=∫ dx ..(i)
3
1

5
sin x cos x

Then, I = ∫ sin-3 x cos-5 xdx

Since - 3 - 5 = - 8, which is even integer. So, we divide both numerator and denominator by cos8 x
1

c os8 x
∴ I=∫ dx
sin 3 x c os5 x

c os8 x
8

=∫ sec

3
x
dx
tan x
6

=∫ sec

3
x
sec
2
xdx
tan x
2 3
(sec x)
=∫ 3
sec
2
xdx
tan x
2 3
(1+ tan x)

=∫ 3
× sec
2
xdx
tan x
6 4 2 2
(1+ tan x+3 tan x+3 tan x)× sec x

⇒ I = ∫
3
dx ...(ii)
tan x

by using substitution .
Let t = tan x. Then,
d(tan x) = dt
=> sec2 xdx = dt
6 4 2
(1+ t +3t +3t )
∴ I = ∫ dt
3
t

= ∫ (t-3 + t3 + 3t + 3t-1) dt
−2 4
t t 3 2
= − + + t + 3 log t + c
2 4 2
4
1 t 3 2
= − + + t + 3 log t + c
2 4 2
2t

tan2 x + 3 log |tan x| + c

4
1 1 tan x 3
= − × + + x
2 2 4 2
tan x
−1 3 2 1 4
∴ I = + 3 log | tan x| + tan x + x tan x + c
2 2 4
2 tan x
1−3x
33. To find: ∫ 2
dx
(3x +4x+2)

We will following Formula ;

i. ∫ dx
=
1

a
tan
−1 x

a
+ C
x2 + a2
′
f (x)
ii. ∫ dx = log |f (x)| + C
f (x)

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 Rewriting the given equation, we have.
3x−1
⇒ −∫ dx
2
(3x +4x+2)

Using partial fractions,

d 2
(3x − 1) = A ( (3x + 4x + 2)) + B
dx

3x - 1 = A (6x + 4) + B
Equating the coefficients of x,
3 = 6A
1
A=
2

Also, -1 = 4A + B
⇒ B = -3

Substituting in the original equation,

1
(6x+4)−3
2
⇒ −∫ dx
2
(3x +4x+2)

1 2 1
⇒ − log∣
∣3x + 4x + 2∣
∣ +3 ∫ dx
2 2 4 2
3( x + x+ )
3 3

Let I = 3 ∫ 1

4 2
dx
2
3( x + x+ )
2 2

1
⇒ ∫ dx
4 2
2
(x + x+ )
3 3

1
⇒ ∫ dx
2
2 2 4
((x+ ) + − )
3 3 9

1
⇒ ∫ dx
2
2 √2
2
( (x+ ) +( ) )
3 3

√2
Here a = 3
2
x+
3 −1 3
tan ( ) + C
√2 √2

3 −1 3x+2
⇒ tan ( ) + c
√2 √2

Substituting in (i) and combining with original equation,

1 2 3 −1 3x+2
⇒ − log∣
∣3x + 4x + 2∣
∣+ tan ( ) + c
2 √2 √2

Therefore,
1−3x 1 2 3 −1 3x+2
∫ dx = − log∣
∣3x + 4x + 2∣
∣+ tan ( ) + c
2 2 √2 √2
(3x +4x+2)

3x+1
34. Let I = ∫ dx
√5−2x−x2

(5 - 2x + x2) + μ
d
Let 3x + 1 = λ dx

= λ (- 2 - 2x) + μ
3x + 1 = (-2λ )x + 2λ + μ
Comparing the coefficients of like powers of x,
-2λ = 3 ⇒ λ = − 3

-2λ + μ = 1⇒ −2 (−
3

2
) + μ= 1

μ = -2
3
− (−2−2x)−2

So using the values of λ , and μ, we can write I = ∫ 2

dx
√5−2x−x2

(−2−2x)
=− 3

2
∫ dx - 2 ∫ 1
dx
√5−2x−x2 2
√−[x +2x−5]

3 −2−2x
I=− 2
∫ dx - 2 ∫ 1
dx
√5−2x−x2 2 2
2
√−[ x +2x+(1) −(1) +5]

−2−2x
I=− 3

2
∫ dx - 2 ∫ 1
dx
√5−2x−x2 2 2
√−[(x+1) −( √6) ]

−2−2x
I=− 3

2
∫ dx - 2 ∫ 1
dx
√5−2x−x2 2 2
√( √6) −(x+1)

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 −−−−−−−− −
-2 sin-1 ( −
dx = sin-1(
x+1
I=− 3

2
× 2√5 − 2x − x
2
) + c [since, ∫ 1
dx = 2√x + c, ∫
1 x

a
) + c]
√6 √x √a2 − x2

−−−−−−−− − −1 x+1
2
I = −3√5 − 2x − x − 2 sin ( ) + c
√6

35. Let us use partial fraction then we have

Bx+C
x
= A
+ ......(i)
(x−1)(x2 +4) x−1 x2 +4

⇒ x = A(x2 + 4) + (Bx + C)(x - 1) .....(ii)

Putting x = 1 in (ii), we get: 1 = 5 A
Putting x = 0 in (ii), we get: 0 = 4 A - C
Putting x = - 1 in (ii), we get: - 1 = 5A + 2B - 2C
Solving these equations, we obtain
A = , B = - and C =
1

5
1

5
4

Substituting the values of A, B and C in (i), we obtain

1 4
− x+
x

2
= 1
+ 5

2
5

(x−1)(x +4) 5(x−1) x +4

(x−4)
⇒
x

2
= 1
−
1

5 2
(x−1)(x +4) 5(x−1) (x +4)

x−4 x−4
∴ I=∫ x

2
dx =∫ {
1
−
1
⋅ } dx = 1
∫
1
dx −
1
∫ dx
(x−1)(x +4) 5(x−1) 5 x2 +4 5 x−1 5 x2 +4

⇒ I= 1
∫
1
dx - 1
∫
2x
dx + 4
∫
1
dx
5 x−1 10 x2 +4 5 x2 +4

⇒ I= 1

5
log |x − 1| - 1

10
log(x
2
+ 4) + 2

5
tan
−1
(
x

2
) +C
36. Let I = ∫ dx
= ∫
dx

(sin x+sin 2x) (sin x+2 sin x cos x)

Put t = cos x
dt = sinx dx
−dt
= dx
sin x
−dt dt dt
I = ∫ = ∫ = ∫
2 2 2
sin x(1+2t) (1− cos x)(1+2t) (1− t )(1+2t)

Now by partial fractions Putting t

=
1−t
A
+
B

1+t
+
C

1+2t
(1−t)(1+t)(1+2t)

A(1 + t)(1 + 2t) + B(1 - t)(1 + 2t) + C(1 - t2) = 1

Putting 1 + t = 0
t = -1
A(0) + B(2)(1 - 2) + C(0) = 1
1
B= −
2

Putting 1 - t = 0
t=1
A(2) (3) + B(0) + C(0) = 1
1
A=
6

Putting 1 + 2t = 0
1
t = −
2

1
A(0) + B(0) + C (1 − ) = 1
4

4
C =
3

From equation (1), we get,

1 1 1 1 1 4 1
= × − × + ×
(1−t)(1+t)(1+2t) 6 1−t 2 1+t 3 1+2t

1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1
∫ dt = = ∫ dt − ∫ dt + ∫ dt
(1−t)(1+t)(1+2t) 6 6 1−t 2 1+t 3 1+2t

1 1 2
= log |1 − t| − log |1 + t| + log |1 + 2t| + c
6 2 3
1 1 2
= log |1 − cos x| − log |1 + cos x| + log |1 + 2 cos x| + c
6 2 3

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