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The document provides an overview of essential computer parts, including the CPU, RAM, motherboard, and power supply, detailing their functions and importance in a computer system. It aims to educate readers on the fundamental hardware components, their roles, and compatibility for optimal performance. Additionally, it includes insights on measuring CPU performance and the significance of RAM in enhancing multitasking capabilities.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
11 views11 pages

Content

The document provides an overview of essential computer parts, including the CPU, RAM, motherboard, and power supply, detailing their functions and importance in a computer system. It aims to educate readers on the fundamental hardware components, their roles, and compatibility for optimal performance. Additionally, it includes insights on measuring CPU performance and the significance of RAM in enhancing multitasking capabilities.

Uploaded by

ahmad.hawlery249
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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‫حكومة إقليم كردستان‬

‫وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي‬


‫جامعة أربيل التقنية‬
‫كلية أربيل لإلدارة‬
‫القسم الفني للمحاسبة‪ -‬مرحله االول ‪-‬‬
‫سمستر االول‬

‫عنوان‬
‫‪essential‬‬
‫‪computer parts‬‬

‫اعدادات‬
‫بیالل هاورێ‬
‫عبدالسالم‬
‫باشراف‬
‫احمد مؤید رشید‬
‫د‪.‬خورشید عادل‬
‫هێمن عبدالستار‬
‫‪2025 -‬‬ ‫عبدالسالم‬
‫محمد ساماڵ‬
‫‪2024‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
Table Content
1………………………..introdaction
2.............................................. cpu
3………................ ram
4………………… motherboard
5………………… power supplay

2
Introduction
Computers are made up of several essential parts that work
together to process information, run software, and perform
various tasks. Each component has a specific role, and
understanding these parts is key to building or maintaining a
computer. Here are the core components:

Aim of the Report

1. Understand the fundamental hardware components of a


computer.
2. Gain insights into the importance and function of each part.
3. Assist in making informed decisions when purchasing,
upgrading, or assembling a computer system.
4. Highlight the significance of compatibility between
components to achieve optimal performance.

3
What is the CPU?
In Meme Computer, the main controller in a computer
is often called the CPU (processor). With the CPU, it is
short for the central processing unit. On the other
hand, the CPU determines the speed of the computer,
the most important monitor in the computer.

What is a CPU?
In a computer, the CPU is called the main processor.
Everything is clear in Shida through the brain, and the
whole computer gives everything through the CPU,
which is the role of the brain in humans. The CPU
affects the transfer of information from one part of the
computer to another part of the computer. For
example, we transfer information from a hard copy to
a DVD, this time passing through the CPU.

How to measure CPU:


CPU: A special device that is measured in MHz, which
is the number of clock cycles per second (how many
clock cycles a CPU can do per second).
Information Identifying these measures in your
computer Go to the (computer) on the drag key
(computer) with the effect go to Properties) Here we
see all the properties of our computer.
4
Sikani Siani CPU:
There are many types of CPUs, the most important of
which are Intel and AMD.

WHAT IS THE RAM?


RAM (Random Access Memory) is a crucial component of a computer
that temporarily stores data and instructions for the CPU (Central
Processing Unit) to access quickly. Here’s an overview of what it is and
what it does:
What is RAM?
•Volatile Memory: RAM is a type of volatile memory, meaning its
contents are lost when the computer is powered off.
•Temporary Storage: It stores data that the CPU needs to process or
access in real-time, such as running applications and open files.
•Fast Access: RAM is much faster than other types of storage like hard
drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs).

5
Key Roles of RAM
1. Boosting Performance:
•The CPU retrieves data from RAM faster than from
the hard drive or SSD, which improves overall
performance.
•Sufficient RAM ensures smoother multitasking and
faster execution of programs.
2. Running Applications:
•When you open an application, it is loaded from your
storage device into RAM for quick access.
•More RAM allows you to run multiple applications
simultaneously without slowdowns.
3. Temporary Data Storage:
•RAM temporarily stores files and data that the system or
applications are actively using, such as browsing tabs,
video editing files, or gaming data.
4. Facilitating System Processes:
•The operating system uses RAM for processes like caching
and managing memory allocations efficiently.

6
1. DRAM (Dynamic RAM):
•The most common type of RAM in PCs.
•Needs to be refreshed constantly to retain data.
•DDR (Double Data Rate) versions like DDR4 and DDR5
are widely used today.
2. SRAM (Static RAM):
•Faster and more reliable than DRAM but more
expensive.
•Typically used in CPU caches, not as main memory.
How Much RAM Do You Need?
•4 GB: Basic tasks like web browsing and word
processing.
•8 GB: Standard for most users, suitable for
multitasking, casual gaming, and productivity.
•16 GB: Ideal for gamers, content creators, and
professionals using resource-heavy applications.
•32 GB or More: Needed for high-end gaming, 3D rendering,
or extensive multitasking.
In Summary:
RAM is like a workspace for your computer. The more RAM
you have, the larger and more efficient this workspace
becomes, allowing your system to handle more tasks
simultaneously and run more demanding applications
smoothly.

7
WHAT IS THEMOTHERBOARD ?
A motherboard is a critical component of a computer that acts as the central
hub connecting all the hardware components, allowing them to communicate
and work together. Here’s an overview of its purpose, role, and why it is
essential:
What is a Motherboard?
The motherboard, also called the mainboard or system board, is a large
printed circuit board (PCB) that holds and connects the computer’s
components, including the CPU, RAM, storage devices, graphics cards, and
more.

What Does a Motherboard Do?


1. Component Connection and Communication:
•The motherboard links all the components of a PC together and
ensures they can communicate efficiently through circuits and connectors.
•It has slots and ports for essential parts like the processor, memory,
and storage, as well as external devices.
2. Power Distribution:
•It distributes power from the power supply to various components,
such as the CPU, GPU, fans, and storage devices.
3. Hosting the CPU (Central Processing Unit):
•The motherboard contains the CPU socket, where the processor is
installed. The CPU executes instructions, making it the “brain” of the
computer.
4. Memory Management:
•The motherboard includes slots for RAM (Random Access Memory),
which stores data temporarily for quick access by the CPU.
5. Storage Interfaces:

8
Why is the Motherboard
Important in a PC?
1. Central Platform: Without a motherboard, components like the CPU,
RAM, and storage would not be able to work together.
2. Customization and Upgrades: It determines what type of hardware
you can use and how easily you can upgrade your system.
3. Stability: A good motherboard ensures stable and efficient
performance of the entire system.

2. Technological Crime in Asia


Asia, home to tech hubs like India, China, and South Korea, has
witnessed a dramatic rise in cybercrime. Recent ransomware attacks
and data breaches have highlighted vulnerabilities in financial
systems. Governments are investing heavily in cybersecurity
infrastructure to counteract these challenges.

3. Success Stories: Oceania’s Low Crime Rates


Countries like New Zealand and Australia have leveraged strong
governance, effective law enforcement, and community involvement
to maintain some of the lowest crime rates globally. Their success can
serve as a model for other regions.

9
1. “5 Parts of a Computer” – iD Tech
This article outlines the five main components of a computer:
motherboard, CPU, GPU, RAM, and storage.
https://www.idtech.com/blog/parts-of-a-computer
2. “11 Basic Components of Computer Hardware: Tips for
Technicians” – Indeed
This resource provides an overview of basic computer hardware
components, including the CPU, motherboard, RAM, and more.
https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/what-
are-basic-components-of-computer-hardware
3. “The Anatomy of a PC - What’s inside, and what does each part
do?” – Corsair
Corsair offers an in-depth look at PC components, discussing each
part’s function and importance in a system.
https://www.corsair.com/us/en/explorer/diy-builder/blogs/the-
anatomy-of-a-pc/
4. “5 Most Important Components of a Computer” – HP Tech Takes
This article highlights the five most crucial computer components
and their roles in system performance.
https://www.hp.com/my-en/shop/tech-takes/post/most-important-
computer-components
5. “PC Components” – T4.ie
A PDF resource detailing various PC components and their
functions.
https://www.t4.ie/Resources/Resources%20by%20Topic/Core/
Information%20%26%20Communications%20Technology/
Introduction%20to%20Computer%20Systems/PC
%20Components.pdf
6. “Computer Components and Evidence” – Dr. Mike Murphy
This lesson discusses which parts of a computer system are most
likely to contain useful evidence in digital forensic investigations.

11
WHAT IT THE
POWER SUPPLY?
1. Introduction:
Definition: A power supply is an electronic device that provides
electrical energy to components or systems, typically converting
AC (alternating current) to DC (direct current).
2. Types of Power Supplies:
- Linear Power Supply:
- Simple, reliable
- Uses a transformer to step down voltage
- Switching Power Supply:
- More efficient, compact
- Converts power via high-frequency switching
3. Key Components:
- Transformer (for voltage adjustment)
- Rectifier (for converting AC to DC)
- Regulator (for stable output)
4. Applications:
- Consumer electronics (e.g., laptops, smartphones)
- Industrial machinery
- Medical equipment

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