TITLE PAGE

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY IN PROPERTY MANAGEMENT IN ENUGU
METROPOLIS

BY

LINUS HOPE JOB

IMT/ESM/H2022/1/028

A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE TO THE

DEPARTMENT OF
ESTATE MANAGEMENT IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF HIGHER
NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) IN ESTATE MANAGEMENT,
INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY (IMT),
ENUGU

OCTOBER, 2024

i
 APPROVAL

This project has been approved by the Department of Estate Management, Institute
of Management, and Technology Enugu in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for the Award of Higher National Diploma in Estate Management

……………..……………….. ……………………………….
ESV OLIVER ODENIGBO Date
(Project Supervisor)

……………..……………….. ……………………………….
(ACR) MRS. NKIRU OGBUGU Date
(Head of Department)

……………..……………….. ……………………………….
EXTERNAL EXAMINER Date

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 CERTIFICATION

The work embodied in this dissertation is original and has not been submitted in
part or in full for any other Higher National Diploma of this or any other
institution.

All observed errors of omission or commission are entirely mine

…………………………………………………..
OCTOBER, 2024
LINUS HOPE JOB

iii
 DEDICATION

This research work is dedicated to God Almighty.

iv
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I wish to express my profound gratitude to God Almighty for His guidance
and grace throughout this research work.
A special thanks to my Husband Mr. Amos Osemudia for his support and
encouragement throughout this session.
I am grateful to my project supervisor ESV Oliver Odenigbo for making out
time to see this research work to its success. By detecting errors and creating
corrections for an eligible research work.
Special thanks to my HOD (Arc) Mrs. Nkiru Ogbugo. And more thanks to my
Lecturers Dr. Nonso Ewurum, Mr. Agbo Jnr., Mrs. Nneka and other members of
the academic staff of Estate Management Department.

Finally, I appreciate my parents in Benin, my family and friends, Winifred

Chinaza, Adaobi Anita, for their love, encouragement and support may God
Almighty bless and reward you abundantly.

LINUS HOPE JOB

IMT/ESM/N2022/ 1/0 28

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 ABSTRACT
This study is on the problems and prospects of the application of information and
communication Technology to property management in Enugu state, case study of
Enugu metropolis. The involvement is to ascertain how property can be bought and
managed through a media so that people in other State/Economy can purchase
properties through the net without undue stress. The objectives of the study
include: To identify the attribute of information and communication Technology to
property management, to identify the problems of information and communication
technology as regards to property management transactions, to examine the ways
in which information and communication technology can be best applied to
property management transaction and to proffer remedial solutions to the problems
constituted by the wrong use of information and communication technology to
property management. The design for the study is survey research design and data
collected from primary and secondary. The population of the study for the purpose
of this research work are the practicing estate firms and property managers In
Enugu Metropolis. 45 registered estate firms with an average of 3 property
manager in each firm. Stratified sampling technique was used to determine the
population of the study giving a sample size of 135. The evaluation was done
through the use of questionnaire. Based on the findings of this research and
through analysis of the data that was collected, recommendations were made on
ways of controlling and handling to a certain level, the problems with the
application of information and communication Technology to property
management and ways of improving and enhancing property management practice
through the application of information and communication technology.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title i
Approval ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of contents vii
CHAPTER ONE:
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 5
1.4 Research Questions 6
1.5 Significance of the Study 7
1.6 Scope of the Study 8
1.7 Limitations of the Study 8
1.8 Overview of the Study 9
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 Literature Review 10
2.1 Concept of Information and Communication Technology 10
2.2 Property Management Software 14
2.3 ICT-Based Site Management and Process Improvement in Property
Management 16
2.4 ICT Revolutionizing in Property Management 18
2.5 Impact of ICT in Property Management 21
2.6 Benefits of ICT Tools in Property Management 22
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2.7 Challenges of Information and Communication Technology in Property
Management 25
2.8 Theory of Technological Determinism 26
Reference 30-32
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Design and Methodology 33
3.1 Research Design 33
3.2 Restatement of the Problem 33
3.3 Brief Description of the Study Area 33
3.4 Population of the Study 34
3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques 35
3.6 Sources of Data 35
3.7 Instrument of Data Collection 35
3.8 Methods of Data Analysis 36
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis 37
4.1 Presentation of Base Data 37
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recombination 45
5.1 Summary of Findings 45
5.2 Conclusion 45
5.3 Recommendation 46

viii
 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Property management is increasingly becoming a focal point, reflecting broader
global trends. ICT 1icilitates the automation of key property management tasks
such as rent collection, maintenance scheduling, and tenant communication,
contributing to a more efficient and transparent management system. However, the
lace and scale oil CT adoption in property management within Enugu Metropolis
remain limited compared to other regions, primarily clue to infrastructural
challenges, limited awareness, and insufficient access to technology (Nwoye et al.,
2020).
Enugu Metropolis, one of the major urban centers in southeastern Nigeria, has
experienced rapid urbanization and population growth in recent decades. This
urban expansion has led to’ increased demand for residential and commercial
properties, which has in turn heightened the need for effective property
management strategies (Obi & Ekene, 20 1 9). Traditional property management
approaches in Enugu Metropolis, often characterized by manual processes and
limited use of digital tools, are proving inadequate in meeting the complex
demands of a growing urban population. The absence of automated systen1s for
record keeping, rent collection, and maintenance scheduling can result in
inefficiencies, delays, and human error, leading to dissatisfaction among tenants
and financial losses for property owners (Eze et al., 2021).
The introduction of ICT in property management in Enugu Metropolis presents an
opportunity to overcome these challenges. ICT tools, such as property management
software, cloud computing, and mobile applications, enable properly managers to
automate routine tasks, provide real—time access to property data, and facilitate
more efficient communication between property owners and tenants. For example,
1
software platforms can streamline rent collection processes by enabling tenants to
make payments online, reducing the likelihood of late payments and providing
property managers with a clearer overview of financial records (Uche et al., 2022).
Similarly, ICT applications can enhance maintenance management by allowing
tenants to report issues via mobile apps, which property managers can track and
address in real-time, thus improving service delivery and tenant satisfaction.

Despite the potential benefits, the adoption of IC in property management within

Enugu Metropolis faces several obstacles. One of the key challenges is the digital
divide, particularly the uneven access to reliable internet and digital devices. While
some parts of the city have seen improvements in ICT infrastructure, others,
particularly lower-income areas, still struggle with limited access to broadband
internet and other technological resources (Nwachukwu, 2020). This lack of
infrastructure hampers the widespread implementation of ICT solutions in property
management, limiting their benefits to a small segment of the population.
Another challenge is the reluctance of some property managers and owners to
adopt new technologies. Many of these stakeholders are accustomed to traditional
methods of property management and may view the transition to digital platforms
as costly, time-consuming, or unnecessary. A lack of technical skills among
property managers also contributes to the slow uptake of ICT tools in the industry
(Onyema, 2020). Training and capacity-building programs are therefore essential
to equip property managers with the necessary skills to effectively use ICT tools
and realize their full potential.
In addition to these challenges, there is a need for policy and regulatory support to
encourage ICT adoption in property management within Enugu Metropolis. The
government can play a crucial role by creating an enabling environment that
supports digital transformation in the real estate sector. This may include investing

2
in ICT infrastructure, promoting digital literacy, and implementing regulations that
encourage the use of technology in property management practices (Obi & Ekene,
2019). Moreover, partnerships between private sector players, such as real estate
developers and technology companies, can further drive the adoption of 1CT in
property management by developing tailored solutions that address the unique
challenges of the Enugu real estate market.
In conclusion, the application of ICT in property management in Enugu Metropolis
holds great promise for improving efficiency, transparency, and service delivery in
the sector. However, the successful implementation of these technologies will
require overcoming challenges related to infrastructure, awareness, skills, and
policy support. Addressing these barriers will be key to ensuring that the benefits
of TCT in property management are fully realized, ultimately contributing to a
more efficient and responsive property management system in Enugu Metropolis.

Information and Communication Technology (IC1) encompasses all aspects of

computing technology, including networking, hardware, software, the Internet, and
the people who work with these technologies. According to Daft (2009), ICT can
be defined as the combination of hardware, software, telecommunications,
database management, and other information-processing technologies that are
utilized to store, process, and transmit information. TCT is commonly utilized by
managers to directly control business functions, personnel, and other resources.

As managers oversee the coordination and allocation of resources, it can be

challenging to effectively manage business functions across multiple projects. This
is where Information and Communication Technology comes into play, as it is
frequently implemented to streamline this process (Hobday, 2009). Peansupap and

3
Walker (2011) argue that ICT is often utilized because it is believed to facilitate
communication, improve integration, enhance productivity, and enhance service
delivery (Bjork. 2022). Projects are commonly utilized in various fields such as
information and communication technology (ICT), Software development business
process reorganization, and research and development (Besner, Hobbs, 2009). Real
estate project management involves a complex process that encompasses p1aning,
monitoring, and control activities. It has been applied for many years as a
discipline to effectively plan, organize, secure, and manage resources in order to
achieve desired business outcomes. Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) plays a crucial role in facilitating successful project management. The real
estate sector in South East, Nigeria, is no exception to this phenomenon. With the
advancements in ICT, real estate project management has experienced significant
transformations, revolutionizing the way projects are executed and enhancing
efficiency, productivity, and transparency in the industry. The integration of ICT in
real estate project management has significantly transformed the industry,
enhancing efficiency, speed, and accuracy in various processes.

However, the internet technology is vulnerable to fraudulent activities which can

invariably question the positively of the idea of such technologies. Wrong
information of properties may be downloaded and used as a guide in valuation
analysis and writing professional reports which will lead to an error. Surveying the
web may endanger continuous professional deve1oprnent and personal career
development when no disciplines involved and a le\/el of truth is introduced.
I .2 Statement of the Problem
Despite the growing trend of ICT in the global real estate industry (Yildirim &
Akinci, 2020; Qiang et at., 2019), empirical research on how ICT affects property
management in Nigeria is lacking. Our understanding of how 1CT has impacted
4
property management operations in Nigeria and the potential benefits and issues
connected with it is hampered by the shortage of localized research that is
particular to the Nigerian property management market (Aighoduwa & Idris, 201
8). Additionally, it is unclear which kinds of property management companies have
adopted ICT for online marketing goals and which platforms they use (Chileshe et
al., 202).

A wide range of technologies, such as property management software, online

listing platforms, virtual property tours, and blockchain-based transactions, are all
included in the real estate sector’s ICT. These technologies are now an essential
pail of real estate operations in Finland, providing improved efficiency and
transparency. On the other hand, it’s unclear to what extent these technologies
have impacted Enugu, Nigeria’s real estate market.

Enugu, a vibrant metropolis that is expanding quickly, faces difficulties in the

property management. The deployment of ICT may be hampered by informal land
tenure systems, limited access to trustworthy property records, and problems with
property rights (Adeleke & Oluwunmi, 2021). To frilly comprehend the effects of
digitalization in Enugu, it is important to investigate these issues.

Beyond efficiency improvements, ICT may have an impact on housing

affordability, property prices, and economic growth. These sociological and
economic ramifications will be explored in this study within the Enugu
environment. Making decisions and forming policies can be influenced by
understanding how ICT affects these factors. In the end, this study aims to offer
practical policy suggestions that can help Enugu. Nigerian officials, real estate
stakeholders, and investors leverage the potential advantages of ICT while tackling
the difficulties the area faces (Mizrachi & Goldenherg, 2019).
5
1.3 Objectives of Study
The major objectives of the study is to evaluate the problems and prospect of
information and communication technology in property management in Enugu
metropolis. The specify objectives are:
1. To identify various types of Information and Communication Technology
facilities that are applicable to property management.
2. To identify the problems of information and Communication Technology as
regards to property in management transaction.
3. To examine the ways in which Information and Communication Technology
can best be applied in property management transaction.
1.4 Research Questions

The following research questions were

1. What are the different types of Information and Communication Technology
facilities that can he applied to property management?
2. What are the problems of Information and Communication ‘Technology to
property management?
3. How can Information and Communication Technology be best used in property
management?

1.5 Significance of the Study

The study will go a long way to make ‘readily points of the problems associated
with Information and Communication Technology in property management
profession.
Also, it will help both those who are aware of this Information and Communication
Technology and those who are not aware of it because the findings and
recommendations and this research work could help them avoid its’ problems and
6
improve efficiency and productivity of the service rendered to the profession and
general public.

Also, staff of surveyors and valuers, office of government and private sector,
parastatals, institution of higher learning will all benefit from this because it
analyses how Information and Communication Technology can he best applied in
property management practice.

Finally, it will help the invest iii property and property owners to see this work
intrinsically interesting and revealing because of latent potential of their property
which towards this co-test could not have been realized due to lack of information
and communication, by doing this, it can be achieved with the help of medium to
circulate the information.

1.6 Scope of the Study

This study covers the prospects and problems of the application of Information and
Communication Technology to property management in Estate firms in Enugu
metropolis comprising Enugu North LGA, Enugu East LGA, Enugu South LGA
areas and how they can make proper use of web-site, through the environmental
metrological institute of the Information and Communication Technology to an
area.

1.7 Limitation of the Study

During the course of this research, several limitations were encountered, which
may have impacted the study’s scope and findings:
Data Availability: In the cause of this study, it was difficult to get sufficient
information from estate firms in Enugu metropolis as they are mostly away on field
duty. One significant limitation was the availability and reliability of data,
particularly concerning government expenditure on fuel subsidies and detailed
7
socio-economic indicators. Despite efforts to access comprehensive datasets,
certain variables may have been inadequately documented or subject to
inconsistencies, potentially limiting the depth of analysis.

Causality Attribution: Establishing causality between fuel subsidy removal and

economic outcomes presented a challenge due to the complex and multifaceted
nature of socio—economic systems. While the study aimed to identify correlations
and associations, attributing causality conclusively may have been hindered by’
confounding factors and the dynamic interplay of various variables,

Temporal Constraints: The study’s timeframe from 2015 to 2024 may have
imposed temporal constraints, particularly in assessing long-term impacts of
subsidy removal on economic recovery. Some effects of policy changes and
market dynamics may unfold gradually over time, extending beyond the study’
period and warranting further investigation in future research.

Contextual Specificity: While the study focused on Nigeria’s experience with fuel
subsidy removal, the findings may be contextually specific and not easily
generalizable to other countries or regions with different socio-economic contexts,
policy environments, and, energy market structures.

Methodological Limitations: The study’s mixed-methods approach, while aiming

to provide a comprehensive analysis, may have inherent limitations related to data
interpretation, researcher bias, and methodological rigor. Efforts were made to
mitigate these limitations through triangulation and peer review; however, residual
uncertainties may persist.

Acknowledging these limitations is crucial for contextualizing the study’s findings

and interpretations. Despite these challenges, the research endeavors to provide
8
valuable insights into the dynamics of fuel subsidy removal and economic recovery
in Nigeria, contributing to the broader discourse on energy policy, market
dynamics, and socio-economic development.

1.8 Overview of the Study

This research work presented in five(5) chapters:

Chapter 1: It forms the introduction which deals with the statement of problem,
aim and objectives of the study, scope of the study, research questions, significance
of the study, limitations of the study and overview of the study.

Chapter 2: It consist of the literature review which means the materials, hooks,
magazine, journals, articles which the researcher consulted for the study.

Chapter 3: Deals with the research design methodology, research statement of the
problem, brief description of three area, source of data, method of data collection
and method of simply selection.

Chapter 4: Deals with the presentation and data analysis.

Chapter 5: Deals with the findings, conclusion and recommendations.

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 CHAPTER TWO
LEFERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Concept of Information and Communication Technology
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become a transformative
force across various industries, including property management. The integration of
digital technologies into property management processes enhances operational
efficiency, facilitates data-driven decision-making, and improves tenant
experiences. ICT’s role in property management includes automating
administrative tasks, improving communication channels, and enabling the use of
smart technologies in buildings. This literature review explores the impact of ICT
on property management, focusing on recent advancements and their implications
for property owners, managers, and tenants.

The application of ICT in property management primarily revolves around two key
areas: property operations and tenant relations. In property operations, ICT tools
streamline processes such as rent collection, maintenance scheduling, and lease
management. Traditionally, these tasks required manual effort and were prone to
human error, hut the introduction of software systems, such as Property
Management Systems (PMS), has automated many of these functions. As noted by
Doolin and McLeod (2019), ICT adoption in property management reduces
administrative burdens, minimizes errors, and increases overall efficiency.
Property management software allows managers to track leases, manage tenant
inquiries, and handle financial transactions through a single platform, leading to
better resource management and enhanced service delivery.

A significant advancement in ICT for property management is the use of cloud-

based systems, which provide property managers with real-time access to data
from any location. According to Yang et al (2020), cloud technology has
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revolutionized the property management industry by offering secure, scalable, and
cost-effective solutions for storing and managing large volumes of data. Property
managers can now access tenant records, maintenance logs, and financial reports
remotely, which is particularly beneficial for managing multiple properties
Furthermore, cloud— based platforms facilitate collaboration among property
management teams, allowing them to share information and coordinate tasks more
efficiently. The ability to access real-time data also supports informed decision-
making, as managers can monitor property performance and address issues
promptly.
ICT has also played a crucial role in improving tenant relations through enhanced
communication channels and service delivery. The introduction of online portals
and mobile applications has made it easier for tenants to interact with property
managers, report issues, and access important information such as lease terms and
payment histories. As highlighted by Ridge (2021), digital communication tools
bridge the gap between property managers and tenants, fostering better
relationships and increasing tenant satisfaction. Tenants can now pay rent online,
request, maintenance services, and receive updates on property matters in a timely
manner. This convenience contributes to higher tenant retention rates, as tenants
are more likely to stay in properties where their needs are met efficiently.
In addition to administrative automation and improved communication, ICT has
also enabled the adoption of smart technologies in property management. The
integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as smart thermostats,
lighting systems, and security cameras, has transformed how properties are
managed and maintained. These devices allow property managers to monitor
building systems in real-time, optimize energy usage, and enhance security. A
study by Zhao et al. (2022) found that IoT applications in property management
not only improve operational efficiency hut also contribute to sustainability efforts
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by reducing energy consumption and minimizing environmental impact. Smart
building technologies provide property managers with detailed insights into how
resources are used, enabling them to implement strategies that reduce costs and
improve tenant comfort.
The concept of smart buildings is closely tied to the broader trend of digital
transformation in property management. Digital transformation refers to the use of
digital technologies to fundamentally change how businesses operate and deliver
value to their customers. In the context of property management, digital
transformation involves the adoption of technologies such as artificial intelligence
(Al), machine learning, and data analytics to enhance decision-making and
operational efficiency. Al-powered systems can predict maintenance needs,
optimize rental pricing, and even automate tenant screening processes. For
instance, advanced algorithms can analyze market trends and property performance
data to recommend optimal rental rates, helping property managers maximize
revenue (Wang & Liu, 2020). Al applications in property management also extend
to predictive maintenance, where systems use sensor data to anticipate equipment
failures and schedule repairs before breakdowns occur. This proactive approach
minimizes downtime and reduces repair costs.
The use of ICT in property management is not without challenges. One of
the major issues is the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who
have access to advanced technologies and those who do not. As ICT becomes more
integral to property management, properties that lack the infrastructure or
resources to adopt these technologies may find themselves at a disadvantage. This
divide is particularly evident in low-income housing, where outdated systems and
limited financial resources hinder the adoption of modern property management
technologies (Ghaffarian & Zohrabi, 2019). Additionally, the increasing reliance
on digital systems raises concerns about cybersecurity. Property management
12
systems store sensitive data, including tenant personal information and financial
records, making them attractive targets for cyberattacks. Property managers must
invest in robust cybersecurity measures to protect their systems froth data breaches
and ensure the privacy of their tenants (Jones & Thompson, 2021).

Another challenge associated with ICT in property management is the resistance to

change. Some property managers, particularly those who have been in the industry
for many years, may be hesitant to adopt new technologies due to a lack of
familiarity or fear of disrupting existing workflows. According to a study by Lee et
al. (2020), successful ICT adoption in property management requires not only
technological investments hut also a cultural shift within organizations. Training
and education are essential for helping property managers understand the benefits
of ICT and how to effectively use these tools, Moreover, organizational support is
necessary to encourage the transition to digital systems and ensure that the entire
property management team is aligned with the new processes.

Despite these challenges, the future of ICT in property management looks

promising. Emerging technologies such as blockchain and virtual reality (VR) are
expected to further disrupt the industry. Blockchain technology, for example, has
the potential to streamline property transactions by providing a secure, transparent,
and tamper-proof ledger for recording property ownership and lease agreements
(Mason & Uddin, 2020). This could reduce fraud and increase trust in property
transactions. Meanwhile, VR is being used to offer virtual property tours, allowing
potential tenants or buyers to view properties remotely. This not only saves time
but also widens the market reach for property owners and managers. As these
technologies mature, they will likely’ become integral components of TCT in
property management.

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In conclusion, ICT has significantly transformed the property management
industry by automating administrative tasks, improving communication, and
enabling the use of smart technologies. Property managers who embrace these
digital tools can expect to see increased operational efficiency, better tenant
relationships, and more sustainable proper y management practices. However,
challenges such as the digital divide, cybersecurity risks, and resistance to change
must be addressed to fully realize the benefits of ICT in property management. As
the industry continues to evolve, emerging technologies like blockchain and virtual
reality are expected to play an increasingly important role in shaping the future of
property management.

2.2 Property Management Software

Property management software (PMS) has become a vital tool for modern property
managers, streamlining operations and enhancing efficiency across various aspects
of property management. These software solutions enable property managers to
automate routine tasks such as rent collection, maintenance requests, lease
management, and financial reporting. The widespread adoption of PMS is driven
by the need to improve accuracy, reduce administrative burdens, and enhance
tenant satisfaction through better communication and service delivery.

One of the key advantages of property management software is its ability to

centralize and organize data related to tenants, properties, and finances. Traditional
methods of managing properties, which often relied on spreadsheets or paper-based
systems, were prone to errors and inefficiencies. According to Brackin and Evans
(2020), property management software reduces the likelihood of human error by
automating processes and ensuring data consistency across platforms. This
centralized data system enables property managers to monitor multiple properties
from a single-dashboard, improving oversight and decision-making.
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Moreover, cloud-based property management software has further transformed the
industry by providing remote access to data and services. Cloud platforms allow
property managers to access real-time information from any location, which is
particularly beneficial for managing geographically dispersed properties (Dully et
al., 2019). This flexibility ensures t.hat property managers can respond quickly to
tenant inquiries or maintenance issues, ultimately enhancing tenant satisfaction. In
addition, cloud-based solutions offer scalability, making them ideal for both small
Property owners and large management companies. As the property portfolio
grows, the software can he adjusted to accommodate increased data and service
requirements without significant investments in new infrastructure.
The integration of financial management tools within property management
software has also simplified complex financial tasks. Features such as automated
rent collection, late fee c1culation, and tax reporting ensure that property managers
can maintain accurate financial records with minimal effort (Campbell & Overhy,
2019). These tools reduce the administrative workload associated with manual
bookkeeping and mitigate the risks of financial discrepancies. Furthermore, some
software platforms include advanced analytics capabilities, providing property
managers with insights into market trends, occupancy rates, and operational costs.
These insights allow for data-driven decision-making, helping property managers
optimize rental pricing and identify areas for cost reduction (Elan & Dennis, 2020).
In terms of tenant relations, property management software has significantly
improved communication between tenants and property managers. Many platforms
offer online portals where tenants can submit maintenance requests, make
payments, and access important documents such as lease agreements. According to
Zhu and McKenna (2021), these digital communication channels not only enhance
the tenant experience but also contribute to higher tenant retention rates. By
allowing tenants to engage with property managers more conveniently, property
15
management software fosters better relationships and improves overall service
quality.

Despite the numerous benefits, the adoption of property management software is

not without challenges. Sonic property managers, particularly those overseeing
smaller properties, may be hesitant to invest in software due to cost concerns or a
lack of technical expertise. Additionally, as property management software handles
sensitive tenant data, cybersecurity is a growing concern. Ensuring that these
platforms have robust data protection measures in place is critical to maintaining
tenant privacy and avoiding data breaches (Jones & Tew, 2020).
In conclusion, property management software has revolutionized the
property management industry by automating administrative tasks, improving
communication, and enhancing financial oversight. While challenges such as cost
and cybersecurity remain, the benefits of adopting such software far outweigh the
drawbacks. As the real estate industry continues to evolve, property management
software will likely play an even more prominent rote in optimizing property
operations and improving tenant satisfaction.

2.3 ICT- based site management and process improvement in property

management
Peansupap (2004) observed that ICT diffusion in the construction can be seen as an
important driver for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of production in the
sector. In support of this, (Samuelson 2003) commented that ICT utilization was
relatively high in the design phase and in facility management and that its use by
contractors and site workers in the production process was surprisingly low. He
argued that part of the poor productivity figures in the construction industry could
he explained by the fact that the information needs and communication behaviors
in the production at the construction sites are not adequately met. Hitherto, the

16
industry has seen much effort to improve productivity with the help of Information
and Communication Technology (ICT) and various studies indicate that there is
significant potential for productivity improvement in the construction sector and
that ICT can play a role in this (Lofgren, 2006).

The drive For improved productivity in the construction industry has come with
the recognition that productivity is closely linked to competitiveness (Cattell et al,
2004; ISR, 1999) and that the construction industry is yet to keep pace with
productivity improvements gained in other industries such as manufacturing and
aircraft (Teicholz, 2004).

Due to the nature of construction activities however, possibilities for productivity

iirrfrovements are often reflected within the efficiency in running the construction
business processes. Drawing from this, ICT-based productivity improvements in
the construction sector are often manifested in more efficient project management,
process integration and workflow improvements, improved communication
processes, precise resource planning and more cost-efficient and effective
Customer Relationship Management (e- Business Market Watch, 2004). Again, the
construction industry today is also characterized by rapid development of jobsite
automation technologies which has resulted in productivity improvements (Ahmad
and Perkinson, 2005). Construction automation which entails the use of computers
to replace and/or enhance a variety of jobsite applications including surveying, the
control of equipment, site surveillance and the installation of prefabricated units
using Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies and advanced robotic systems
have been applied successfully in recent years (Ahmad and Perkinson, 2005). By
that, several national construction change initiatives have been promoted to support
the use of information technology as a tool to increase productivity, through
17
automating tasks and enhancing collaboration (ISR, 1999). Task automation
provides productivity enhancements in;

i. Delivery of required information e.g, method statements;

ii. Production of reports e.g., daily progress reports
iii. Alerts e.g., notification of safety hazard;
iv. Data collation reduces the number of administration stall required.

Indeed, evidence presently suggests that the results have been savings in manual
labor costs, shorter construction duration as a result of higher productivity,
determination of optimal combination of machines and the use of machines in
places where the tasks are repetitive or dangerous for the workers (Ahmad and
Perkinson, 2005). One other area where significant losses in productivity can occur
is downtime on site due to unforeseen problems (Garza and Howitt, 1998). The
opportunity for ICT- based mobile technologies to provide immediate access, from
the point-of- activity, to the personnel which may be able to resolve the problem
has provided opportunity for an ongoing subject of research in the industry
(Bowden, 2005).

2.4 ICT Revolutionizing in property management

1. Improved Communication and Collaboration: ICT has revolutionized
communication channels in the real estate industry, making it easier for project
stakeholders to collaborate and exchange information effectively. Through online
platforms, such as emails, project management software, and video conferencing
tools, real estate professionals can communicate with clients, contractors, and
suppliers in real-time, This instant communication streamlines decision-making
processes, leading to efficient project execution.

18
2. Enhanced Project Planning and Tracking: ICT tools have provided real
estate professionals with sophisticated project planning and tracking capabilities.
Project management software enables the creation of detailed project schedules,
allocation of resources, and identification of critical paths. Real-time tracking of
project activities, including budget, timelines, and milestones, ensures timely
interventions and reduces the risk of delays and cost overruns.

3. Efficient Document Management: In the past, real estate project

documentation involved cumbersome paperwork and manual filing systems.
However, with CT integration, document management has become more elf dent
and secure. Electronic document management systems enable easy storage,
retrieval, and sharing of project-related information. This not only reduces
paperwork but also improves data access and prevents loss or damage to crucial
documents.

4. Remote Collaboration: ICT has revolutionized the concept of remote

collaboration in real estate project management. With the advent of video
conferencing, project stakeholders can hold virtual meetings, share screens, and
discuss project progress from different locations in real-time. This eliminates
geographical barrier and reduces the need for excessive travel, resulting in time
and cost savings for all parties involved.

5. Streamlined Data Analysis and Reporting: ICT has streamlined data analysis
and reporting processes in real estate project management. Industry-specific
software can accurately capture and analyze project data, providing insightful
reports on project performance, financials, and risks. This enables project
managers to make informed decisions, optimize resource allocation, and mitigate
potential risks.
19
6. Project Management Software: The use of project management software
has become integral in real estate project management. These software platforms
provide features such as task management, resource allocation, and collaboration
tools, empowering project managers to efficiently plan, execute, and monitor
projects. Additionally, project management software often includes features for
budgeting, expense tracking, and forecasting, further enhancing project control.

Improved Marketing and Sales: 1CT has transformed marketing and sales
strategies in the real estate industry. Online listing portals, virtual tours, and 31)
modeling tools allow potential buyers to explore properties remotely. This widens
the reach of real estate developers and enhances sales opportunities. Furthermore,
digital marketing techniques, such as social media campaigns and targeted
advertisements, enable developers to reach a broader audience and generate
increased leads.

Building Information Modeling (RIM): Another revolutionary ICT tool in real

estate project management is Building Information Modeling (RIM). RIM enables
the creation and management of virtual niodels of buildings, encompassing all
aspects of a project’s lifecycle. This technology allows stakeholders to visualize,
coordinate, and analyze construction plans in a three-dimensional environment.
RIM minimizes errors, improves design accuracy, and facilitates effective
communication between project participants.

Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Costs: The introduction of ICT in real estate
project management has resulted in increased efficiency and reduced costs
throughout the project lifecycle. By automating and integrating various processes,
ICT tools eliminate redundant tasks, improve data accuracy, and enhance overall
productivity.

20
Automation of Routine Tasks: ICT enables the automation of routine tasks in real
estate project management. From generating reports to updating project schedules,
automation reduces the need for manual intervention, saving time and effort. This
allows project teams to focus on more critical activities, accelerating project
timeline and boosting productivity.

2.5 Impact of ICT in property management

Any real estate project is required to appropriately implement the IT that is
essential in the project. It is further identified that this sector uniquely faces various
problems during implementation procedures. However, with these challenging
features, other factors are indicators of change within the sector and they include:
1. Inadequate skills labour and average growth in terms of age of workers.
2. Low power of attraction and maintenance of educated, talented and skilled
workers.
3. High level of competition in the sector.
4. Operational desire to work in areas identified with danger and inaccessibility.
5. Need for quality improvement of work and output. vi. Reduced production cost
and over performing qualities favourable for competition (Perkinson and
Ahmad, 2006).

Additional to the changes highlighted, in order to effectively and automatically

inspect their sites, individuals’ firms presently seek access to real time data. They
demand for perpetual accessibility of this data. This therefore pressurise
contractors to opt for IT for competitive advantage and satisfaction of the demand
trends (Perkinson and Ahmad, 2006). It is vivid today that vast companies in the
construction sector adopt the IT/automated systems or plan to commence in the
near future. To ensue, need for role players in technological program expansion
21
advocating for ICT arise. This requires the real time data from sites to improve
managerial skills and boost making of decisions (Perkinson and Ahmd, 2006).

Real estate project managers may integrate the IT or automated technologies

leading to increased competitive advantage. These adopted techniques possess the
following managerial components of’ analysing the whole project:
i. Control Performance
ii. Management of equipment and materials ix. Human Resource Management
iii. Further managerial benefits accrued from ICT adoption and integration in
real estate project sector include: x. Reduction in use of paper
iv. Speedy problem solving for problems are easily detected and responded to
v. Operations are documented and monitored in real time
vi. Management capabilities are enhanced as assets, equipment and individuals
can he tracked
vii. Management and collection of data are standardized
viii. Future planning is possible due to accuracy of data and performance
ix. History is created in resolving future disputes
x. Reduced rate of verbal reports from the engineers or owners since any
occurrence at the site is observable (Perkinson and Ahmad, 2006).

2.6 Benefits of ICT tools in property management

Usage of ICT impacts on the ancient construction leading to changes in
organizational processes, operational and cultural techniques. The key ICT benefits
in construction include efficiency of time required [hr production processes and
reporting, as well as improved way of coordinating and communicating and this
ensures that decisions are made effectively among the individuals participating in
the construction project thus increased output.
22
All construction projects in general generate substantial documentation, and a large
project implies voluminous number of documents to be sorted. In a summarised
form, the list below highlights among the major essential ICT accrued benefits
according to Hassan and Hassan, (2011);

Improvement in the quality of work: ICT improves information availability,

team work, external access to records of procurement, communication between
management stakeholders, integration in design process, etc. It also facilitates the
process of getting meaningful information and enables data collaboration between
parties in entire work without re-entry.
ii. Productivity improvement: hourly labour productivity, increased quality of
work, gains in overall factor productivity.

iii. Management: ICT provides better information to management by improving

data management, full life-cycle information management and contract
administration by reducing project risk efficiently, minimizing business risk,
lowers the chances of design and construction technological perils, enhancing
inventory management, and therefore improving level of making design and
construction related decisions.

iv. Facilitation in the decision-making: ICT changes many business functions:

decision-making. information, communication information, creation information,
and social data. Thus, emerges a new form of work organization, centered in
particular on collaborative activities that constitute an important cultural break,
especially when they involve people located in different places, hierarchical
situations and temporalities.
Time saving: ICT operates on a 24-hour basis. Business operations therefore can
perpetually run worldwide as they are opened at any moment and place, exchange

23
of goods and services can easily occur in distinct countries simultaneously and
conveniently. It is also certain that goods and services delivery to one’s specific
doorstep within short time. ICT can also help in reducing the time of preparing cost
plans, time required to collect construction tenders, overall procurement cycle
time, invoicing time, lead times for design, project—planning time, project
duration time, service delivery, communication time, time through greater
transparency (fewer objections), work evaluation time, etc.

vi. Cost reduction: reducing marketing costs, work transaction costs, operating
costs, labour costs, staff requirement and training costs; leading to increased
possibility of providing procurement quotations in terms of prices instantly to
customers and profit margins; strategic cost savings.

vii. Documents produced are of high quality with the reduction of errors in
documents, paperwork, and an increase in the quality of information by getting
more relevant and reliable data.

viii. Reduction of the proportion of new work by improving the ability of referring
back to data and reducing impact of mistakes.

ix. Work relation: ICT improves the teamwork, the ability to develop technical
skills and select appropriate staff, and the employee relations within office.
Client satisfaction: attaining client expectations thus they are satisfied. This
happens through focusing on clients’ needs and improving service.

xi. Response rate: quick reply to customers’ inquiries, to project requirements and
problems, to supplier quotations and in arrangement of impromptu project
assemblies.
24
xii. Market share: ICT increases the market share by achieving strategic
intelligence of new markets and realizing market leadership.
xiii. Organizational growth: improving growth and success, providing space and
capacity for business growth, satisfying requirements for new technology
promoting proactive culture, etc.

2.7 Challenges of Information and Communication Technology in property

management
1. Digital Divide: Despite the progress made in ICT infrastructure, there remains a
significant digital divide in Nigeria, particularly in rural areas. Limited access to
reliable Internet connectivity and technological resources restricts the widespread
adoption of ICT tools, hindering the effective implementation of real estate project
management practices.

2. Cybersecurity Risks: With increased reliance on ICT, the real estate industry
laces new challenges in terms of cybersecurity. Information breaches, data
hacking, and unauthorized access to sensitive project information pose significant
threats. Robust security measures, employee training, and regular system updates
are essential to mitigate these risks.

3. Technical Competence: Implementation of ICT tools requires personnel with

adequate technical skills. The lack of trained professionals within the real estate
sector could limit the effective use and optimization of available technology.
Encouraging training and digital literacy programs would help bridge this
competency gap.

4. Resistance to Change: Introducing new technologies often faces resistance

from traditional professionals who are comfortable with conventional methods.
The reluctance to embrace ICT and adapt to new practices may hinder the

25
industry’s progress. Efforts should he made to educate stakeholders about the
benefits of [CT and its potential to enhance project outcomes.

2.8 Theory of Technological Determinism

The Theory of Technological Determinism is a conceptual framework that has
gained attention n the analysis of the influence that digitalisation has had on
different industries, including real estate. This theory proposes that technology is
the major engine of social change. Marshall McLuhan and Neil Postman are two
examples of individuals who have advocated for this theory, which asserts that
technology breakthroughs can independently influence human behavior, society,
and institutions (Mardiana & Daniels 2019).
In the theory of technological determinism by Thorstein Veben, technology
is largely responsible for transforming social and economic institutions.
Technological determinism, in brief, simply means “Technology decides the
history.” (Marx & Smith, 1994). The theory of technological determinism was
significantly influenced by Marshall McLuhan, a pioneering media theorist who
played a vital role in the development of the theory (Drew 2016). He argued that
the medium is the message,” highlighting the fact that the features of a
communication medium have a fundamental impact on the way information is
interpreted and the way society is formed (Ralon, 2009).

In addition to being a significant figure in the field of technological

determinism, Neil Postman expanded the idea by investigating how the form of
media influences the content and, as a result; the values of society. When it comes
to real estate, the adoption of new technologies like as mobile applications, online
platforms, and blockchain may be seen through the lens of McLuhan. These media
have the potential to disrupt conventional property transactions, market dynamics,

26
and communication channels (1.ogan, 2010). Consequent to the move toward
digital platforms, the nature of property marketing in the real estate industry has
been altered (Pfnur & Wagner 2020). This transition has resulted in the
introduction of new formats and channels that affect the views and expectations of
consumers. Not only does digital media have an impact on the speed at which
transactions are completed, but it also has an impact on the type of property
information and the dynamics of relationships with customers.
The capacity of the Theory of Technological Determinism to provide a complete
lens for analyzing the revolutionary influence that digitization has had on real
estate is one of the theory’s strengths. The theory offers a conceptual framework
that may he used to study the substantial changes that have occurred in
communication, transaction processes, and market dynamics because of advanced
technology breakthroughs, It sheds light on the role that technology plays in
influencing not just particular activities but also the larger socio-economic fabric of
the real estate industry.
Analyzing how technology-driven changes affect many parts of the sector, such as
property listings, transactions, marketing, and consumer behavior, is necessary to
apply this paradigm to the impact of digitalisation on real estate operations in
Nigeria. This framework investigates the changes in business models and market
dynamics that come from the direct impact of digitalisation on real estate activities.
It is important to note, however, that the theory is not without flaws and objections.
The deterministic character of the theory itself is a notable criticism that has been
leveled against it. Many believe (Drew, 2016) that it oversimplifies the complex
relationship that exists between technology and society, ignoring the impact that
social, economic, and cultural elements have on the situation. Even though
digitalisation plays a significant part in the real estate sector, it functions within a
socio-economic environment that is formed by elements such as the policies of the
27
government, the circumstances of the economy, and the preferences of the cultural
community. IF these aspects are disregarded, the influence that technology has had
on the real estate industry may be seen in an overly simplistic manner.
In addition, there is the possibility of reductionism that is inherent in technological
determinism, which is another objection. The idea may underestimate the role that
people and organizations play in molding and responding to technological
advances since it attributes social change to the breakthroughs that have been made
in technology. Real estate companies have various degrees of’ digital adoption,
which demonstrates the significance that human agency plays in deciding the rate
at which technology advancements occur and the extent to which they are
implemented (Pfnur & Wagner, 2020; Ramadhan, 2022).
To apply the Theory of Technological Determinism to the investigation of the
impact that digitalisation has had on real estate activities, it is necessary to
acknowledge both the effectiveness and the constraints of this theory. The theory
contributes to the farming of the conversation regarding the transformative
influence of digital technologies. It offers the framework through which scholars
can comprehend how these technologies reshape the real estate industry.
According to technological determinism, digitalisation has widened market
accessibility by removing geographical restrictions. Potential buyers and investors
can access real estate listings and information via online platforms and other digital
technologies, which eliminates the need for local networks or physical presence.
This increased market accessibility could draw more investors, boost competition,
and alter the dynamics of pricing in the Nigerian real estate market. Through
process simplification, increased automation, and the reduction of paperwork,
digitalisation has the potential to increase transaction efficiency. Online property
portals and transaction platforms, for instance, make it easier to advertise, promote,
and manage properties, resulting in quicker and more effective transactions. The
28
focus of this framework would he on the role that digital tools play in decreasing
transactional friction, including delays, errors, and expenses, and improving the
general effectiveness of real estate operations in Nigeria.
Concerning this theory, market transparency in Nigerian real estate might he
affected by the digitalisation of the country’s economy. Access to a multitude of
real estate- related data, such as’ past sales prices, market trends, and property
comparisons, is made possible through digital platforms. As a result of the
improved transparency, the market may become more effective and competitive as
buyers, sellers, and investors can make better-informed choices. Traditional real
estate business models may be disrupted by digitalization. Technological
determinism theory would investigate how online marketplaces and digital
platforms have fostered the growth of new business models, including peer-to-peer
rental platforms, virtual property tours, and online property management. This
approach would examine the effects of these new models on client preferences,
market dynamics, and the functions of established intermediaries in the Nigerian
real estate industry.

29
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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Research Design and Methodology

This chapter discusses the research method and design for the study. The chapter
discusses the step by step procedures adopted in carrying out the research. The
various steps include method of data collection and analysis sources of data
collection, instrument of data collection, sampling size and techniques as well
survey research design.

3.1 Research Design

Research design for this study is the survey research design.

3.2 Restatement of the Problem

The diversity of Information and Communication Technology to property

management is remarkable. Still, the issue of fraud is very prevalent in the internet
technology. The problem is that despite the numerous benefits or advantages of
Information and Communication Technology, through this device, some profession
are not much aware of the disadvantages and beneficial effects which this device
can promote. Property management is one of those professions.

3.3 Brief Description of the Study Area

Enugu metropolis is the city and capital of Enugu state in Nigeria. It is located in
Southeastern part of Nigeria. The city has a population of 3.3 million according to
the 2006 Nigeria census. Enugu is nicknamed the Coal City because Coal is found
on the land. Enugu because the capital of the Eastern region after Nigeria’s
independence in 1960. In 1976, Enugu was the capital of Anambra until 27’

34
August 1991, the militate editorship of Ibrahim Babagida divided the old Anambra
state into two state Enugu State and Anambra state. Enugu remained as the capital
of the newly created Enugu State while Awka became the capital of the new
Anambra state. Enugu rads lead to Anambra state, Benue state, Ebonyi state and
Abia State.

Enugu Metropolis covers three local governments:

Enugu East, Enugu North and Enugu South.

Enugu coordinates: 6° 2709.600N

7° 30037. 200E

AREA: CITY - 44sqm (113km2)

METRO - 80sqm( 200km2)

ELEVATION - 664ft (202m)

DENSITY - 17,000Isqm (6,4101km2)

TOTAL LAND AREA - 32,432 square Kilometers

3.4 Population of the Study

The population of the study for the purpose of this research work are the practicing
estate firms and property managers in Enugu metropolis. 45 registered Estate firms
in Enugu metropolis with the average of 3 property managers in each the firms
were administered questionnaires.

35
3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques

Stratified sampling technique was used to determine the population of the study. 45
Estate firms were used for the study with an average of 3 property mangers in each
firm. Therefore, sample size = 45 x 3 = 135. The sample size, 135 shows the
number of questionnaires that were administered within the study area.

3.6 Sources of Data

Data needed for this study was collected from two main sources, namely:
Primary and secondary data sources. The primary data was collected using well-
structured questionnaires which were administered to the respondents of the
research, oral interviews and personal observation was also mused as primary
source. The secondary data include information collected from library, articles,
doumals and textbooks.

3.7 Instrument of Data Collection

Data collected for this research was through an instrument, which include well-
structured questionnaires that were administered to Estate firms in Enugu
metropolis.
The research was conducted by descriptive research design for the researcher to
reach every members of the populations. Hence, method of sampling adopted here
was stratified sampling techniques in order to get a better picture of what the
research seeks to identify

3.8 Method of Data Analysis

Data for the study were presented using statistical table. The analysis was done
using simple percentage.

36
 CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Analysis and inferences were based on the information that was gathered during
the administration of questionnaires to the respondents concerned in the cause of
this research work. The questions were open ended so as to elicit the respondents
view.

4.1 Presentation of Base Data

Distribution of Questionnaire

Copies of the questionnaires were administered to different respondents within the

study area. The total numbers of questionnaires administered was 135. The total
number of questions returned were 120 copies. The analysis of the distributed
questionnaire is shown in table 4.1.
Table 4.1: Distribution of Questionnaire

Categories of No of % of No of % of
Respondents questionnaire questionnaire questionnaire questionnaire
Administered Administered Account For Account For
Estate Firm 135 100 120 37
Total 135 100 120 37

Source; Field Survey 2024

Table 4.1 shows the distribution of questionnaires to the respondent of Enugu
metropolis, survey conducted that 135 copies administered to the respondents with
100% within the study area. The

37
result of the findings shows that out of 135 copies administered to Estate firms, 30
copies were returned.

Table 4.2: Educational Background of the Respondent

Source; Field Survey 2024

Table 4.2 shows the educational background of the respondents within the study
area. Research conducted show that 110 respondents were B.Sc/HND holder with
92% while professional were 10 with 8%. Thus, the result of the findings show
that majority of the respondents arc educated and qualified to give reliable
information relatively to the research work.

Table 4,3: Level of Professional Experience

Source; Field Survey 2024

38
From table 4.3, it is clearly stated that the level of experience of the respondents is
encouraging 50% of the respondents have been practicing for 16 years and above,
which is the highest, 18% of the respondents have been in practice for below 10
years and 32% of respondents that have been practicing for 10 15 years. This
shows that the respondent have worked for long and are all exposed to the
profession.

Tabe 44: Responses on the Attitude of the Respondents towards the

Information and Communication Technology to property Management.

Source: Field Survey, 2024.

Table 4.4 shows that attitude of the respondents towards the application of
Information and Communication Technology to property management. Research
conducted shows that the poor attitude towards the application of information and
Communication Technology to property management was 5 and the reluctant
attitude was 10. This was as a result of the fact that the minds of the respondents
are still baised with issue. Encouragingly, 105 respondents were certain of the
problems and prospects of the application of Information and Communication
Technology to property management

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Table 4.5 Responses on the Importance of the Application of Information and
Communication Technology to Property Management.

Source: Field Survey, 2024

From table 4.5, 75% of the Estate firms make use of computers while 25% makes
less or no use of computers.

Table 46: Response on the Prospects of the Application of Information and

Communication Technology to Property Management

Source: Field Survey, 2024

40
This table shows that most of the professionals agree that Information and
Communication Technology has a lot to offer in the profession. This is clearly
stated as 99% of the response was good.
Table 4.7: Responses on the level of the Application of Information and
Communication Technology to property Management.

Source: Field Survey, 2024

From table 4.7, it clearly states that the usage of Information and Communication
Technology to property management is low 58%. 33% responded to high 5%
responded very high and there is 0% to very low.

Table 4.8: Response on Assessment of the Application of Information and

Communication Technology to property Management as compared to Usual
practice without Information and Communication Technology.

41
Source: Field Survey, 2024

From table 4.8 above, 90% of the respondents agree that the level of efficiency is
achieved with the use of Information and Communication Technology. While 10%
claimed that there is no efficiency achieved with it. This means that the level of
efficiency is good and it will help the profession, property management to meet to
a greater height.

Table 43: Responses on the Awareness of Information and Communication

Technology in Property Management.

Source: Field Survey, 2024

From table 4.9, the Awareness of Information and Communication Technology nto
property Management between 30% to 50% was 92%. This shows that there is a
need for awareness of Information and Communication Technology in the
profession

42
Table 4.10: Responses on whether then are any obstance Hindering the use
of Information and Communication Technology to property Management.

Source: Field Survey, 2024

Table 4.10 shows that 77% of the respondent agrees that there are obstacles
hindering the use of Information and Communication Technology in property
management while 21% agrees that there are no obstacles. From this analysis,
there are obstacles hindering the use of Information and Communication
Technology to property management from achieving their goals.

Table 4.11: Responses on Challenges confronting the Application of

Information and Communication Technology to Property Management.

43
Source: Field Survey, 2024
From table 4.11, 67% agrees that money is a challenge to the application of
Information and Communication Technology to property management. 29% agrees
that availability of information from the technology sector is a challenge and 2%
agree that time factor is a challenge to the application of Information and
Communication Technology to the profession.

Table 4.12: Response on ways to improve the Application of Information and

Communication Technology to Property Management

Source: Field Survey, 2024

From table, 43% responded to seminar as a way to improve the application of
Information and Communication Technology to property Management, 45%
responded to symposiums while 12%
responded to journals as a way to improving the application of Information and
Communication Technology to property Management.

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From the analysis, it shows that all the ways stated to improve the application of
Information and Communication Technology to property Management are very
achievable.

CHAPTER FIVE
Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Summary of Findings

1. It was found that the attributes of Information and Communication Technology

to property Management efficient record keeping, reduced costs and improved
performance.
2. The study revealed that fraud, ignorance, power supply deficiencies and
computer viruses were the problems of information and communication technology
in property management.
3. Information and communication technology can be best applied in property
management through word, spread-sheet and web solutions.

5.2 Conclusion

The study has demonstrated the problems and prospects of the application of
information and communication technology to property management. The major
problem being that the use of computer, access to interest, and other tools of
information and communication technology (for example: property management
software): While, the propects being that technologies applied to property
management are creating new opportunities to generate efficiencies in delivering
45
property management services. Be that as it may, attention to the problem of the
application of information and communication technology to property management
will be solved to a meaningful extent, and greater attention on the prospects and
present benefits of the application of information and communication technology
to property management for the future and efficiency of property management
profession.

5.3 Recommendations

From what has been gathered in the cause of this research work on the problems
and prospects of the application of information and communication technology to
property management, information and communication teleology has not gained
ascending in property management practice in Nigeria. Thus, the following
recommendations have been put together for use by users of research reports
particularly in property management profession.

1. Awareness (for example, symposiums and seminars like mandatory continuing

professional Development (MCPD) should be created on the ability of information
and communication technology to the profession (problems and prospects) so as to
take the profession to a greater level.
2. They should be more invest on property management software to prevent undue
stress.
3. Close discretion of information should be undertaken to improve on security and
protection of facilities to increase management strategies.

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