Chemical Resistance Analysis Table of PET
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ScribdTranslationsChemical Resistance Analysis Table of PET
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsPET chemical resistance analysis table.
Alcohols
Methanol Very resistant
Ethanol Very resistant
Isopropanol Resistant
Cyclohexanol Very resistant
Glycol Very resistant
Glycerin Very resistant
Benzyl alcohol Resistant
Aldehydes
Acetaldehyde Very resistant
Formaldehyde Very resistant
Chlorinated compounds
Carbon tetrachloride Very resistant
Chloroform Resistant
Chlorinated diphenyl Very resistant
Trichloroethylene Very resistant
Solvents
Ether Very resistant
Acetone Not resistant
Nitrobenzene Not resistant
Phenol Not resistant
Acids
Formic acid Very resistant
Acetic acid Very resistant
Hydrochloric acid 10% Resistant
Hydrochloric acid 30% Resistant
Hydrofluoric acid 10 and 35% Very resistant
Nitric acid 10% Very resistant
Nitric acid 65% Not resistant
Phosphoric acid 30 and 85% Very resistant
Sulfuric acid 20% Resistant
Sulfuric acid 80% Not resistant
Dry sulfur dioxide Very resistant
Alkalis (aqueous solutions)
Ammonium hydroxide Not resistant
Calcium hydroxide Very resistant
Sodium hydroxide Not resistant
Salts (solutions)
Dichromate Very resistant
Alkaline carbonates Very resistant
Cyanides Very resistant
Fluorides Very resistant
Various substances
Chlorine Very resistant
Water Very resistant
Hydrogen peroxide Very resistant
Oxygen Very resistant
How a PET bottle is made
Polyethylene Terephthalate, better known as PET, is one of the most widely
used types of plastic today. It is commonly used by companies dedicated to
providing mineral water, juices, dairy products and chemicals. It is estimated
that at least 12 million tons of PET are generated annually in the world and that
each year there is a percentage increase of 6%.
Among the advantages of manufacturing PET bottles is their strong composition
that makes them practically unbreakable, the use of a 100% recyclable,
hygienic and above all light material, which allows for easy transport. These
advantages are combined with the transparency of the packaging.
The machines used to produce these containers have uninterrupted production,
with short cycles and savings in production costs, labor and fixed expenses.
Step 1:
PET is made by combining an odorless and colorless organic compound called
ethylene glycol with terephthalic acid.
Step 2:
PET resin is melted to create a test tube-like shape, designed with the ability to
take any shape or thickness. The opening of the bottle neck is already present
in its final form and receives the cap at the end of the manufacturing process.
This tube is called a preform, it is the first figure and is produced through a high-
speed process called injection molding.
Step 3:
Each preform is heated in an oven to a temperature of around 100 °C. Heating
softens the preform and makes it elastic, allowing it to be stretched and blown
into the shape of the mold. All of this is done in a blow molding machine,
equipment that comes in various models to adapt to specific manufacturing
needs such as production speed and process.
As soon as the bottle is blown, it should be chilled immediately to ensure that it
maintains its shape.
Step 4:
The newly created PET bottle is then filled with the beverage.
GENERAL PROPERTIES OF (PET)
PET in general is characterized by its high purity, high strength and toughness.
Depending on its orientation, it has properties of transparency and chemical
resistance. There are different grades of PET, which differ in their molecular
weight and crystallinity. Those with a lower molecular weight are called fiber
grade, those with a medium molecular weight are called film grade, and those
with a higher molecular weight are called engineering grade.
This polymer does not stretch and is not affected by acids or atmospheric
gases, it is heat resistant and absorbs little water, and forms strong and flexible
fibers, as well as films. It has a high melting point, which makes it easy to iron,
and it is resistant to moths, bacteria and fungi.
- Processable by blow molding, injection molding and extrusion.
- Suitable for producing bottles, films, sheets, plates and parts.
- Transparency (although it admits colorant loads) and gloss with magnifying
effect.
- High wear resistance.
- Very good slip coefficient.
- Good chemical and thermal resistance.
- Very good barrier to CO2, acceptable barrier to O2 and humidity.
- Compatible with other barrier materials that improve the overall barrier quality
of the packaging and therefore allow its use in specific markets. - Recyclable,
although its viscosity tends to decrease with thermal history.
- Approved for use in products that must be in contact with food products.
- Excellent mechanical properties.
-
Biorientable.
- Crystallizable.
- Sterilizable by gamma rays and ethylene oxide.
- Good cost/performance ratio.
- Lightweight.
