What is Basketball?

Basketball is a team sport that can be played on different surfaces, covered

or not, and consists of scoring the greatest number of "baskets" or points
possible in the time that the game lasts. Each team is made up of five players
and they must attack to score points and also defend when the opposing
team has possession of the ball.

How to play?

Basketball is played by two teams of five players each. The objective of each
team is to get the ball into the opponent's basket and prevent the opponent
from taking possession of the ball or scoring a basket.

The game is divided into two halves, each halve consisting of 2 quarters with
a duration of 10 minutes each; in other places the duration of the quarters is
12 minutes and the break is 15 to 20 minutes.

The basket that a team attacks is the opponent's basket and the one it
defends is its own basket.

The ball may be weighed, thrown, patted, rolled or batted in any direction
within the restrictions of the relevant sections of the rules.

The team that scores the most points at the end of the fourth quarter playing
time, or if necessary, one or more overtime periods, will be the winner of the
game.
Historical review, history, who invented it, year, city and reason?

Basketball was born as a response to the need to do some sporting activity

during the winter in the north of the United States. In 1891, the professor at
the University of Springfield, Massachusetts, James Naismith was given the
mission of devising a sport that could be played indoors, since the winters in
that area made it difficult to do any outdoor activity. James Naismith analyzed
the sports activities practiced at the time, whose predominant characteristic
was strength or physical contact, and thought of something sufficiently active,
requiring more skill than strength and not having much physical contact.

“Court” playing surface?

The playing court (basketball) is a rectangular surface, free of obstacles, with

dimensions of 26 m x 14 m, measured from the inner edge of the boundary
lines. The demarcation line will be 5 cm thick. The field floor must be hard,
made of cement or parquet (wood).

The court may be open-air or closed; if it is indoors, it must have a minimum

height of 7 m. If artificial lighting is used, the court must be uniformly
illuminated and the positioning must be such that the lights do not obstruct
the player's vision when shooting.

TECHNICAL BASICS
Some movements of a basketball player are called fundamental, since they
are the ones on which the entire game is based. According to a strict concept,
the “fundamentals” are only four: dribbling, passing, shooting and defensive
movements.
This list does not include other movements that are not considered strictly
fundamental, such as rebounding, blocking, etc., but which also represent
very significant aspects of this sport.

PASS AND TYPE OF PASS

The pass is the action by which players of the same team exchange the ball.
There are different types among which are:
 Chest throw: Performed by taking the ball from chest height and
reaching the receiver at approximately the same height, in an almost
straight trajectory.
 Chipping or dribbling: When passing, the ball is thrown with the
intention of bouncing it before being received, making it more difficult
to cut and easier to receive.
 From baseball: Similar to a pitcher's throw, a long pass with one hand.
 Bowling: Thrown with one hand, the ball is taken out from below the
waist, simulating a bowling throw.
 Behind the back: As its name indicates, it is a pass made behind the
back, with the hand opposite to the place where the future receiver is
located.
 Overhead: Used primarily by centers and when rebounding, as the
name suggests, the ball is thrown from above the head strongly and
with both hands.
 Alley-oop: The player throws the ball close to and at the height of the
basket so that the teammate can only set it up.
 With the elbow: Popularized by Jason Williams, the player hits the ball
from behind the back with the elbow of the arm opposite the direction
the pass will go.
 Hand-to-hand pass: This is performed when the receiving teammate is
very close, so that he receives the ball almost from the passer's hands.
At the moment of the pass, the hand that serves the ball gives it a
small push so that the other player can receive it.
 RELEASES AND TYPES OF RELEASES
In basketball, shots could be thought of as the culmination of all the
efforts made by a team on offense from the moment a player takes
possession of the ball seeking to achieve the final objective: scoring a goal.
Among the types of releases we find:
 SUSPENSION SHOT. It is performed simultaneously with a vertical
jump, the throw being carried out when the player is suspended
and has managed to reach the maximum height with a full
extension of his own body.
 ONE HANDED SHOT WITH FIRM FOOT. The player will bend his legs
and raise his arm extension until he throws the ball, keeping his
fingers, wrist, shoulder, hip and supporting foot in a straight line.
 TRAY SHOT. It is perhaps one of the easiest shots for those who play
basketball. The effectiveness of the shot lies in being able to make a
great jump that allows the ball to easily go over the horizontal
plane of the hoop.
 HIT SHOT. This shot is made when the player tries to bounce the
ball off the backboard of the hoop; what he does is directly hit the
ball on the backboard, taking advantage of the effect so that it falls
into the goal position.
 DOUBLE STEP SHOT. This throw is made by taking two steps once
inside the opponent's territory.

THE BOAT
The boat is a foundation that must be used with great care. Dribbles are
specifically used to: Get the ball out of an overloaded area when it is
impossible to pass to a teammate. Advance the ball into the attack zone
when the receivers are not free in position to score. Penetrate and advance
towards the defense. Force marking of a defender and create an opening for
one of our teammates. Perform offensive movements Improve passing line.
Achieve a better position or angle before passing to a partner. Create
opportunity to launch.

BASKETBALL SCORE
1. Free throws are worth one point.
2. Shots inside the zone or inside the three-point line are worth two
points.
3. Shots from the three-point line (6.75 m from the center of the hoop, or
7.24 in the NBA) are worth three points.
If the player is shooting a free throw and steps on the line, the shot will be
invalidated. If the player is shooting from the 3-point line, if he steps on the
6.75 m line, the shot will be valued as a field goal (2 points).
However, if a player, who is located behind the three-point distance, starts
the shot with a jump without stepping on the line, releasing the ball while in
the air, and lands on or over the line, then the shot would be considered a 3-
point shot.

WHAT IS DOUBLE IN BASKETBALL

When a double is committed in Basketball, it refers to a foul that is applied to

the player when he bounces the ball, then holds it and bounces it again,
when he jumps with the ball but does not release it, or when he bounces it
with both hands more than once.

Doubles in basketball are considered technical violations, because they do

not comply with the rules of the discipline, which establish that the ball when
in possession must be in constant movement, either bouncing or passing to a
teammate; the ball CANNOT be held for any reason, it must comply with the
rule of continuous movement, it is received and returned.

WHAT IS RACE IN BASKETBALL

Running is the main means of movement for players in the game process.
Running in basketball is considerably different from running in athletics.
When running forward, the body weight is transferred from the heel to the
toes. In the backward race, the body weight is transferred from the ball of
the foot to the heel.
In the lateral run with added steps, the inner edge of the foot closest to the
direction you are going is placed and the other foot is added.
Running with crossed steps in front and behind.
Running with a change of direction with an open or skater step.
Running with change of direction and crossed steps.
They are performed using the same technique as walking, but adding speed
to the movements.

DEAD BALL
In basketball, a ball that is not in play, not in motion, not livehttps://eba-
stats.website/ebawords/tiki-index.php?page=vivo&bl=y: occurs after each
http://www.ebawords.com/tiki-index.php?page=Lanzamientosuccessful
fieldhttp://www.ebawords.com/tiki-index.php?page=Campo%20de%20Juego
goal or free throw attempt, after every whistle of the officials or if the ball
leaves the field of play; this stops play which will be resumed with a jump
ball, according to the arrow of alternating possession or a put into play from
the side or free throw, according to the situation.
WHAT IS THE LACK OF 3 SECONDS?
No player from the team in control of the ball may remain for more than 3
seconds within the area between the baseline and the far edge of the free
throw line (the opposing team's restricted area). The three seconds begin to
count from the moment in (i.e. the player who takes the throw-in is outside
the sideline and has control of the ball.
A player who does not yet have 3 seconds in the restricted area is allowed to
advance by dribbling in an attempt to score.
This rule does not apply when:
a) the ball is in the air
b) the ball is dead
c) the ball is bouncing on the backboard
d) a shot is made at the basket,
because it is considered that under the conditions mentioned the ball is not
under the control of either team.

FOULS IN BASKETBALL
Staff foul
When a player illegally contacts an opponent and causes him a disadvantage
or gains an advantage from the contact, a personal foul is called. Illegal
contact is considered to occur when one of the players does not respect the
other player's cylinder and the player who invades the other player's cylinder
or leaves his own is considered responsible for the contact. A player shall not
grab, block, push, charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by
extending his hands, arms, elbows, shoulders, hips, legs, knees or feet; nor
bend his body into an 'abnormal' position (outside his cylinder), nor engage
in rough or violent play. The penalty for a personal foul is a throw-in to the
opposing team from the nearest point on the baseline/sideline, except for
team fouls which will be discussed later. On the fifth foul (6th. in the NBA)
the player will be eliminated.
Foul in attack
It occurs when a player whose team has control of the ball commits a
personal foul by pushing or colliding with the torso of a player who is in a
legal defensive position (both feet in contact with the ground, facing the
attacker, within his cylinder and able to move laterally and backward, not
forward). If this contact causes a disadvantage to the defender, a foul is
called by the team in control of the ball (attacking foul).
Unsportsmanlike foul
An unsportsmanlike foul is a player foul involving contact that, in the
judgment of the referee, does not constitute a legitimate effort to directly
play the ball within the spirit and intent of the rules or the contact is of
excessive roughness. It is sanctioned with two free throws and possession for
the opposing team.
Technical foul
A foul on a player or bench member that does not involve contact, but rather
a lack of cooperation or deliberate or repeated disobedience to the spirit of
the rules. The second technical foul called on the same player will count as a
disqualification. A technical foul will count as a personal foul, meaning that a
foul will be added to the player who was called for the technical foul, as well
as to team fouls. It is sanctioned in the same way as unsportsmanlike
conduct.
Disqualifying foul
A disqualifying foul is any flagrant unsportsmanlike violation by a player,
substitute, excluded player, coach, assistant coach or team member who
must leave the field and may not make visual contact with the player for the
remainder of the match. 2 unsportsmanlike fouls constitute a disqualifying
foul. It is worth mentioning that a disqualifying foul may also lead to one or
more matches of suspension depending on the decision of the competition
organisers.
After a technical, unsportsmanlike or disqualifying foul, 2 free throws and a
throw-in are awarded from the center line extended in front of the scorer's
table.

BASKETBALL CLOTHING
Clothing for basketball players must be light so that we can perform
movements with skill.
The footwear must be good because it is what will allow us to move around
the court and avoid our opponents. In addition, basketball shoes should have
a high top to reduce the possibility of a sprain because players often make
sudden movements with their feet.
We must not forget that it is a sport where agility is the most important
thing. Basketball clothing will have to be loose and light for the same reason.
The movements are fast and we must not have anything heavy, stuck or
uncomfortable that impedes us. It basically consists of a long, loose shirt and
knee-length pants. The design is the responsibility of the team or club.
The basketball can be made of leather or synthetic materials. It will always
have to be rough so that it adheres better to the skin of the hands. You
always have to keep it well inflated so that it bounces. But it should not
contain too much compressed air either because it can burst at the most
inopportune moment. Basketball is a sport in which bouncing the ball is
essential.
In summary, a basketball player's equipment consists of:
A sleeveless T-shirt, originally made of cotton, and now made of synthetic
material. On the front we find the team logo and the contracted advertising.
On the back we find the player's surname. Below the name, in large letters, is
the player's number. This is important to record the number of fouls and
points of the player, as well as substitutions.
The pants can be shorts or Bermuda shorts: They must be the same color as
the shirt, without pockets.
Footwear: These are boot-shaped to support the ankle and protect it from
sprains. In addition, they have air chambers to protect the sole of the foot.
The soles must have an appropriate design for quick braking.
Socks: Generally short and made of cotton. Although they are usually white
like other sports socks.

BASKETBALL RULES
1. The ball can be thrown in any direction, with one or both hands.
2. The ball can be hit in any direction, with one or both hands, but never with
the fist.
3. The player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw the ball from
the place where he catches it. In the event that a player catches the ball
while running, he must try to stop as soon as he catches it.
4. The ball must be carried in the hands or between them. The arms or body
should not be used to support it.
5. Shouldering, grabbing, pushing, tripping or striking the opponent in any
way is not permitted. The first violation of this rule by any player shall be
considered a foul; the second violation shall result in disqualification until the
next basket is made or, in the event of clear intent to injure, disqualification
for the entire game, without a substitute.
6. Punching the ball is considered a foul, a violation of rules 3 or 4 and what is
described in no. 5.
7. If either team commits three consecutive fouls, a basket will be counted
for the opposing team (consecutive means that during that time the
opponent has not committed any fouls).
8. A basket will be counted when the ball is thrown or hit from the ground to
the basket and remains there, provided that the defenders do not touch the
ball or hinder the basket. If the ball remains on the edge of the basket
without going in and the opponent moves the basket, it will be counted as a
point.
9. When the ball goes out, the first person to touch it will throw it into the
playing field. In case of dispute, the referee will throw it directly into the
field. The throw-in team has five seconds to do so; if they hold the ball
longer, the ball will pass to the opposing team. If either team persists in
delaying the game, the assistant referee will signal a foul. *
10. The assistant referee will be the judge of the men, will record the fouls
and will notify the main referee when three fouls are committed in a row.
You may disqualify players as provided in rule number 5.
11. The main referee will judge what is related to the ball and determine
when it is in play or has gone out of play, to which team it belongs, as well as
keeping track of time. He will decide when a point has been scored and will
count the baskets and will also carry out the usual duties of a referee.
12. Time will be divided into two halves of fifteen minutes, with a 5-minute
break between them.
13. The team that scores the most points within that time will be considered
the winner. In the event of a tie, if the captains agree to do so, the game may
continue until a basket is scored.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

“BASKETBALL”
 BRANDON HERNANDEZ
STUDENT

Nicholas Barrio
TEACHING

MARIA IMMACULATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

THE CARMEN OF BOLIVAR
2019