2.

1 EAR: [30 LECTURES – 1 hour each]

2.1.1 Introduction to Otology and Anatomy of the external ear including brief
embryology.
2.1.2 Anatomy of the middle ear – I
Eustachian tube, tympanic cavity – its 6 walls, contents, blood supply and nerve
supply.
2.1.3 Anatomy of the middle ear – II
Aditus Ad antrum, mastoid antrum, Mac. Even’s triangle, ,mastoid air cell system,
embryology of the middle ear.
2.1.4 Physiology of hearing – the role of the external and the middle ear.
2.1.5 Audiological evaluation – I
Tuning fork tests, tests for eustachina tube function, pure tone audiometry,
impedence audiometry.
2.1.6 Audiological evuation – II
Investigations like Bekesy audiometry, speech audiometry, BERA and tests for
recruitment and tone decay.
2.1.7 External ear disease – I:
Congenital anomalies, Traumatic conditions like hematoma auris, avulsion and
lacerations of the pinna, FB ear.
2.1.8 External ear diseases – II :
Inflammatory conditions like perichondritis, external otitis – including
classifications of otitis externa, viral infections, infruncle, diffuse otitis externa,
reactive otitis externa, otomycosis
2.1.9 External ear diseases – III:
Miscellaneous conditions like pseudocyst of the pinna, cerumen, keratosis
obtruans, malignant otitis extena etc. and neoplastic conditions of the external ear.
2.1.10 acuate suppractive otitis media and barotruma:
Definiation of ASOM, its etiopathology, clinical features and management.
Barotrumabiomechancis, clinical features, management and prevention.
2.1.11 acute mastoiditis.
Definiation, etiopathology, clinical features, management and complications
2.1.13 chronic suppurative otitis media – Tubotympanic disease
Eustachian tube dysfunction, secretory otitis media – etiopathology , clinical
features and management, atelectasis, adhesive otitis media, tympanosclerosis
and cholesterol granuloma.

2.1.14 chronic supprative otitis media – tubotympanic disease

Definition, etiopathology, clinical features stages, investigations, treatment
2.1.15. chronic suppurative otitis media – Atticoantral disease.
 Definition etiopathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment Tubercular
otitis media.
2.1.16. Complications otitis media – Extracranial
Mastoid absesses, petrositis, labyrinthitis, facial nerve paralysis, otogenic tetanus
etc.
2.1.17. Complications of Otitis media – Intracranial.
Meningitis, extradural abscess, subdural absess, brain absess, lateral sinus
thrombophlebitis, otogenic hydrochephalus, etc.
2.1.18. Otosclerosis
Definition, etiopathology, types clinical features, investigations and treatment
2.1.19. Anatomy of the inner ear.
2.1.20. Physiology of hearing – the role of the inner ear.
2.1.21. Physiology of the vestibular apparatus
2.1.22. Vestibular function test.
2.1.23. Labyrinthitis
Type, viral labyrinthitis; circumscribed labyrinthitis, serous labyrinthitis,
suppurative labyrinthitis and toxic labyrinthtis (ototoxicity)
2.1.24.Traumatic condition
Fractures of the temporal bone, CSF otorrhoea, perilymph fistula, acoustic trauma
and noise induced hearing loss.
2.1.25.Meniere’s disease.
Definiation, etiopathology, clinical features, investigations and treatment.
2.1.26. Tumours of the middle ear and the mastoid including glomus tumors and
acoustic neuroma.
2.1.27. Presbyacusis and deafmutism
2.1.28. Deafness.
Types, etiology of conductive and sensorineural deafness, management – including
hearing aids and cochlear implant.
2.1.29. Labyintine vertigo
Definition, causes, evaluation and management
2.1.30. Tinnitus
Definition, types causes, evaluation and managements
2.1.31.Otogenic facial palsy.
Causes, features, management and prevention

2.2. NOSE : (20 LECTURES – 1 hour each)

2.2.1. Anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses – I
Introduction to rhinology, Anatomy of the external nose / vestibule and nasal cavity
– nasal septum, roof and floor.
2.2.2. Anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses – II
Anatomy of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity including osteomeatal complex,
never and blood supply.
2.2.3. Anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses – III
Anatomy of the paranasal sinuses
2.2.4. Physiology of the nose and paranasal sinuses.
2.2.5. Radiology for nose and paranasal sinuses and nasal endoscopy.
2.2.6. Congenital and developed anomalies after brief embryology of the nose and
paranasal sinuses. Include: Choanal atresia, cleft lip an palate, external nasal
deformities etc.
2.2.7. Inflammatory conditions of the external nose and vestibule – vestibulitis,
furuncle, cellutitis, dangerous area of the nose-cavernous sinus
thrombophlebitis, rhinophyma.
2.2.8. Traumatic conditions including fracture of the nasal bones, fracture of the nasal
septum, LeFort fractures, CSF rhinorrhoea, FB nasal cavaties, myasis, rhinolith
etc.
2.2.9. Deviated nasal septum.
Etiopathology, clinical features, management.
2.2.10. Rhinitis – I
Classification, Acute rhinitis and chronic non-specific rhinitis.
2.2.11. Rhinitis-II.
Chronic specific rhinitis including tuberculosis, Leprosy, syphilis, scletroma,
rhinosparidiosis and other fungal infections, atrophic rhinitis, rhinitis sicca, rhinitis
medicanentosa and rhinitis caseaosa.
2.2.12. Rhinitis – III.
Allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis.
2.2.13. Acute sinusitis.
Etipathology, types, clinical features, investigations and treatment.
2.2.14. Chronic sinusitis.
Etiopathology, types, clinical features, investigations and treatment.
2.2.15. Complications of sinusitis.
2.2.16. Nasal polyposis
Etiopathology, types, clinical features, investigations and treatment.
2.2.17. Adenoids.
 Anatomy, functions, adenoiditis/hypertrophy, clinical features, investigations and
treatment.

2.2.18. Neoplastic conditions of the nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx.

Classification and emphasize on inverted papilloma, juvenile nasopharynegeal
angiofibroma, squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilloethmoid complex and
nasopharynegeal carcinoma.
2.2.19. Epistaxis.
Applied anatomy, etiology, management.
2.2.20. Snoring and sleepapnoea syndrome.
Etiology, evaluation, treatment and complications.

2.3. LARYNX AND PHARYNX (15 CLASSES – 1 hour each

2.3.1. Anatomy and physiology of the larynx.

2.3.2. Embryology and congenital disorders of the larynx. Pharynx, tracheobronchial

tree and oesophagus.
2.3.3. Traumatic conditions of the upper aero-digestive tract including foreign body.
Upper aero-digestive tract endoscopy.
2.3.4. laryngitis-I
Classification.
2. 3.5. Laryngitis-I
Chronic specific laryngitis.
2.3.6.. Disorders of voise absue, vocal nodule and vocal polyp.
2.3.7. Neurological conditions of the larynx.
Sensory and motor paralysis of the larynx-etipathology, types, clinical features,
management.
2.3.8. Neoplastic conditions of the larynx with emphasis to recurrent respiratory
papollamatosis and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.
2.3.9.a) Acute pharyngitis.
Nonspecific and specific, DD of white patch on the tonsils.
2.3.9b) Acute tonsillitis.
Types, etiology, clinical features, management
2.3.10. chronic pharyngitis, keratosis pharynges and chronic tonsillitis – types,
etipathology, clinical features and management.
2.3.11. Tonsillectomy: Indications, contraindications, technique, postop care and
complications.
2.3.12. Neoplastic conditions of the oropharaynx and hypohharynx.
2.3.13. Neck space infections.
Parapharyngeal absess, retropharngeal absess, quincy, ludwig’s angina.
2.3.14. Causes of stridor and tracheostomy.

2.4. HEAD AND NECK [6 LECTURES- 1 hour each]

2.4.1. Applied anatomy of the neck including lymphatic.
2.4.2. Midline and lateral neck swelling.
Classifications and emphasis on thyroglossal cyst, etopic thyroid, branchail cyst,
tubercular lymphedinitis, metastatic lymph node and parapharynegeal tumours.
Evaluation of neck mass.
2.4.3. Inflammatory conditions of Salivary glands and sialolithiasis.
2.4.4. Salivary gland tumours including plemorphic adenoma of the parotid glands,
Warthim’s tumour, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and ranula.
2.4.5. Rationale and types of neck dissections.
2.4.6. Recent advances in ENT-head & neck surgery, including lasers.

3. PRACTICALS [ Clinical postings] 176 hours (10 weeks)

3.1. Introductory classes on clinical methodology of history 7 classes of 3
hours
taking and examination of the ear, nose, throat, head & neck each [21 hours]
3.2. Case discussions with emphasis on common ENT disorders like 30 classes of 3
hourseach
3.2.1. Chronic suppurative otitis media [90 hours].
3.2.2. Deviated nasal septum.
3.2.3. Chronic rhinosinusitis.
3.2.4. Chronic tonsillitis/ adenotonsillitis.
3.2.5. Atrophic rhinitis.
3.2.6. Ethmoidal polyposis.
3.2.7. Antrochoanal polyp.
3.2.8. Rhinosparidiosis etc.
4. OPD postings. 8 classes of 3 hours
each.
To observe certain common investigations and minor [24 hours]
Procedures like audiological tests, caloric test, synnging,
Antral lavage, nasal packing, foreign body removal from ENT,
Examination of the ears under microscope, nasal endoscopy,
Flexible laryngoscopy etc.
5. OT postings. 10 classes of 3 hours
each.
To observe certain common ENT surgeries like [30 hours]
adenotonsillectomy, septoplasty, upper aero-digestive tract
endoscopies, intranasal antrostomy, Caldwel- Luc operation,
tracheostomy, microotological and microlaryngeal surgeries, etc
6. Practical audiology, ENT instruments and ENT radiology 4 classes of 3
hours each.
[demonstration] [12 hours]

Reference Books
1. Logan Turner’s Nose, Throat and Ear, Edited by AGD Maran, 10 th edition, 2000.
2. Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat. P.L.Dhingra. 2 nd edition, 2000.’
3. Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat by hall and Collman.
4. Fundamentals of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck diseases, by S.K.De, 6th
editions 1998.
5. Disease of Ear Nose throat Ms. Maqbool edition – 2000
6. Manual of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Hazarika P. & Nayak D.R. 1 st Edition 1994.
7. Manual of Microsurgery of temporal bone and TEP. (including laser in ENT) Edited
by Hazarika P. & Nayak D.R. 2nd Edition 1999.
8. Ear Nose Throat simplified Dr. Bachi Hathiram Dr. D.S. Grewal 1 st Edition 1999.
 Internal Assessment Programme for Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology
(Under Graduate

1. Theory Internal Assessments

In 4th term – 50 marks – a
In 6th term – 50 marks – b
7th term – prelims 40 marks – c
The questions paper will be following the pattern of – Long answer questions, short
answer questions and multiple choice questions .
Grand total of these 3 examinations will be converted like
= a + b+ c
14
These marks will be added to final examination theory marks (Theory)

2. Practical Internal Assessment

At the end of 6th term clinical posting – 50 marks – a
Prelims held in 7th term – 40 marks – b

Practical examinations will be include long case presentation, short case

presentations, table viva including examinations on X-rays, audiograms, instruments,
pathological specimens.
Grand total of these practical internal assessment will be converted like
a+b
9
and this will be added to the final examination practical marks