Set-2

Series S3RQP/3
àíZ-nÌ H$moS>
Q.P. Code
59/3/2
amob Z§. narjmWu àíZ-nÌ H$moS> >H$mo CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$
Roll No. _wI-n¥ð >na Adí` {bIo§ &
Candidates must write the Q.P. Code
on the title page of the answer-book.

amOZr{V {dkmZ
POLITICAL SCIENCE

:3 : 80
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80

ZmoQ> NOTE
(I) H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _o§ _w{ÐV (I) Please check that this question paper
contains 23 printed pages.
n¥ð> 23 h¢ &
(II) H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _| (II) Please check that this question paper
contains 30 questions.
>30 àíZ h¢ &
(III) àíZ-nÌ _| Xm{hZo hmW H$s Amoa {XE JE (III) Q.P. Code given on the right hand side of
the question paper should be written on
àíZ-nÌ H$moS >H$mo narjmWu CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$ the title page of the answer-book by the
_wI-n¥ð> na {bI| & candidate.
(IV) H¥$n`m àíZ H$m CÎma {bIZm ewê$ H$aZo go (IV) Please write down the serial number of
the question in the answer-book before
nhbo, CÎma-nwpñVH$m _| àíZ H$m H«$_m§H$ attempting it.
Adí` {bI| &
(V) Bg àíZ-nÌ 15 {_ZQ (V) 15 minute time has been allotted to read
this question paper. The question paper
>H$m g_` {X`m J`m h¡ & àíZ-nÌ H$m will be distributed at 10.15 a.m. From
10.15 ~Oo {H$`m OmEJm & 10.15 a.m. to 10.30 a.m., the students will
10.15 ~Oo go 10.30 ~Oo VH$ N>mÌ Ho$db read the question paper only and will not
àíZ- write any answer on the answer-book
during this period.
do CÎma-nwpñVH$m na H$moB© CÎma Zht {bI|Jo &

13-59/3/2 1 P.T.O.
 :

:
(i) 30

(ii)

(iii) 1 12 1

(iv) 13 18 2
50 60
(v) 19 23 -I 4
100 120
(vi) 24 26

(vii) 27 30 -II 6
170 180
(viii)

(ix)

IÊS> H$
1 12 1 12 1=12

1. Am{g`mZ H$s ñWmnZm Ho$ {bE {ZåZ{b{IV _| go {H$g EH$ na hñVmja {H$E JE Wo ?
(A) qgJmnwa KmofUm
(B) ~¢H$m°H$ KmofUm
(C) Am{g`mZ KmofUm
(D) ~rqOJ KmofUm

13-59/3/2 2
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions very carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper contains 30 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Question paper is divided into five sections Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii) Section A questions number 1 to 12 are Multiple Choice type questions. Each
question carries 1 mark.
(iv) Section B questions number 13 to 18 are Short Answer type
questions. Each question carries 2 marks. Write answer to each question in
50 to 60 words.
(v) Section C questions number 19 to 23 are Long Answer type-I
questions. Each question carries 4 marks. Write answer to each question in
100 to 120 words.
(vi) Section D questions number 24 to 26 are Passage, Cartoon and Map-based
questions. Answer each question accordingly.
(vii) Section E questions number 27 to 30 are Long Answer type-II questions.
Each question carries 6 marks. Write answer to each question in 170 to 180
words.
(viii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice
has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions
has to be attempted.
(ix) In addition to this, note that a separate question has been provided for Visually
Impaired candidates in lieu of questions having visual inputs, map etc. Such
questions are to be attempted by Visually Impaired candidates only.

SECTION A
Questions number 1 to 12 are Multiple Choice type questions, carrying 1 mark
each. 12 1=12

1. Which one of the following was signed to establish ASEAN ?

(A) Singapore Declaration

(B) Bangkok Declaration

(C) ASEAN Declaration

(D) Beijing Declaration

13-59/3/2 3 P.T.O.
 2 (A)
(R)
(A), (B), (C) (D)

2. (A) : ^maV Am¡a Zonmb Ho$ ~rM _Ywa gå~ÝY h¢ Am¡a XmoZm| Xoem| Ho$ ~rM EH$
g§{Y hþB© h¡ &
(R) : Zonmb Ho$ amOm Zo 2001 _| EH$ _O~yV bmoH$V§Ì-g_W©H$ Am§XmobZ Ho$
H$maU EH$ ZE bmoH$Vm§{ÌH$ g§{dYmZ H$s _m±J H$mo ñdrH$ma H$a {b`m &
{dH$ën :
(A) A{^H$WZ (A) Am¡a H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ Am¡a H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m H$aVm h¡ &
(B) A{^H$WZ (A) Am¡a H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, naÝVw H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m H$aVm h¡ &
(C) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, naÝVw H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(D) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, naÝVw H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &

3. {H$g KQ>Zm Zo OZVm nmQ>u Ho$ JR>Z H$m _mJ© àeñV {H$`m ?

(A) N>mÌ Am§XmobZ

(B) 1969 H$m amï´>n{V MwZmd
(C) 1975 H$s AmnmVH$mb KmofUm
(D) 1974

4. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gm Am§XmobZ CÎma-nyd© Ho$ bmoJm| Ûmam AnZr joÌr` AmH$m§jmAm| H$mo
ì`º$ H$aZo Ho$ {bE {H$`m J`m Wm ?
(A) ~mhar bmoJm| Ho$ {Ibm\$ Am§XmobZ
(B) A{YH$ ñdm`ÎmVm Ho$ {bE Am§XmobZ
(C) nydm}Îma Ho$ amÁ`m| H$m g§K ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE Am§XmobZ
(D) AbJmd Ho$ {bE Am§XmobZ
13-59/3/2 4
For Question number 2, two statements are given one labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other labelled as Reason (R). Read these statements carefully and choose the
correct option as the answer from the options (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below.

2. Assertion (A) : India and Nepal enjoy friendly relations and both have
signed a treaty.

Reason (R) : The king of Nepal accepted the demand for a new
democratic constitution in 2001, in the wake of a strong
pro-democracy movement.

Options :
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

3. Which incident paved the path to form the Janata Party ?

(A) ment

(B) Presidential Election of 1969

(C) Declaration of Emergency in 1975

(D) Railway Strike, 1974

4. Which one of the following movements was not started by the people of
North-East to express their regional aspirations ?

(A) Movement against outsiders

(B) Movement for greater autonomy

(C) Movement to form a union of North-East States

(D) Movement for secession

13-59/3/2 5 P.T.O.
5. lrb§H$m _| OmVr` g§Kf© Ho$ ~mao _| {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gm H$WZ h¡ ?
(A) lrb§H$m _| amOZr{V qgh{b`mo§ Ho$ nj _| Wr &
(B) V{_bm| Ho$ {hVm| H$s Cnojm H$s JB© &
(C) {bQ>²Q>o H$mo gmH©$ Xoem| H$m g_W©Z àmá Wm &
(D) lrb§H$m H$s OmVr` g_ñ`m _| qghbr Am¡a V{_b em{_b Wo &

6. ^maV Ho$ {H$g joÌ H$mo gmV ~hZ| H$hm OmVm h¡ ?

(A) CÎma-nyd© joÌ (B) X{jU-npíM_ joÌ
(C) CÎma-npíM_ joÌ (D) X{jU-nyd© joÌ
7 (A)
(R)
(A), (B), (C) (D)

7. (A) :
1951 go \$adar 1952 VH$ MwZmd Am`mo{OV {H$E JE &
(R) : A~ `h VH©$ XoZm g§^d Zht Wm {H$ µJar~r `m A{ejm Ho$ _mhm¡b _|
bmoH$Vm§{ÌH$ MwZmd Zht hmo gH$Vo h¢ &
{dH$ën :
(A) A{^H$WZ (A) Am¡a H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ Am¡a H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m H$aVm h¡ &
(B) A{^H$WZ (A) Am¡a H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, naÝVw H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m H$aVm h¡ &
(C) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, naÝVw H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(D) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, naÝVw H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &

8. 1974 \$ Am§XmobZ {H$`m Wm ?

(A) CÎma àXoe Am¡a {~hma
(B) amOñWmZ Am¡a {~hma
(C) {~hma Am¡a JwOamV
(D) {~hma Am¡a _Ü` àXoe
13-59/3/2 6
5. Which one of the following statements about the ethnic conflict in
Sri Lanka is false ?
(A) Politics in Sri Lanka favoured the Sinhalese.
(B) Interests of Tamils were neglected.
(C) LTTE was supported by the SAARC countries.
(D) The Sri Lanka ethnic problem involved the Sinhalese and the
Tamils.

6.
(A) North-East region (B) South-West region
(C) North-West region (D) South-East region

For Question number 7, two statements are given one labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other labelled as Reason (R). Read these statements carefully and choose the
correct option as the answer from the options (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below.

7. Assertion (A) : The first general elections in India had to be postponed

twice and were finally held from October 1951 to
February 1952.
Reason (R) : It was no longer possible to argue that democratic
elections could not be held in conditions of poverty or lack
of education.
Options :
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

8. Students of which two states started an agitation against the rising food
prices in 1974 ?
(A) Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
(B) Rajasthan and Bihar
(C) Bihar and Gujarat
(D) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh

13-59/3/2 7 P.T.O.
9. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z ^maV H$m àW_ _w»` MwZmd Am`wº$ Wm ?

(A) gwHw$_ma goZ (B) H$ny©ar R>mHw$a

(C) Ho$. H$m_amO (D) Za|Ð Xod

10. gyMr I H$m gyMr II go ghr {_bmZ H$s{OE :

I II
1. `yamonr` _wÐm (i) \«$m§g
2. {deof Am{W©H$ joÌ (ii) Am{g`mZ
3. g§`wº$ amîQ´> gwajm n[afX² H$m ñWmB© gXñ` Xoe (iii) `yamo
4. joÌr` g§JR>Z (iv) MrZ

(A) 1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(ii) (B) 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(ii), 4-(iv)

(C) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii) (D) 1-(iv), 2-(ii), 3-(iii), 4-(i)

11. {ZåZ{b{IV KQ>ZmAm| H$mo H$mbH«$_mZwgma ì`dpñWV H$s{OE :

(i) {díd ~¢H$ H$s ñWmnZm
(ii) {díd ì`mnma g§JR>Z H$s ñWmnZm
(iii) g§`wº$ amï´> g§K H$s ñWmnZm
(iv) AÝVam©ï´>r` AmpÊdH$ D$Om© EOoÝgr H$s ñWmnZm
ghr {dH$ën Mw{ZE :

(A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)

(B) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)

(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)

(D) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

13-59/3/2 8
9. Who among the following was the First Chief Election Commissioner of
India ?
(A) Sukumar Sen (B) Karpoori Thakur
(C) K. Kamaraj (D) Narendra Dev

10. Match List I correctly with List II :

List I List II
1. European Currency (i) France
2. Special Economic Zone (ii) ASEAN
3. A permanent member country of UN Security (iii) Euro
Council
4. A Regional Organisation (iv) China

Choose the correct option :

(A) 1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(ii) (B) 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(ii), 4-(iv)
(C) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii) (D) 1-(iv), 2-(ii), 3-(iii), 4-(i)

11. Arrange the following events in chronological order :

(i) Establishment of the World Bank

(ii) Establishment of the WTO

(iii) Establishment of the UNO

(iv) Establishment of the IAEA

Choose the correct option :

(A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)

(B) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)

(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)

(D) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

13-59/3/2 9 P.T.O.
12. {ZåZ{b{IV _o§ go H$m¡Z g§`ºw $ amîQ´> H$s EH$ EOoÝgr h¡ ?

(A) `yZoñH$mo
(B) {díd ñdmñÏ` g§JR>Z
(C) `y{Zgo\$
(D) g§`wº$ amîQ´> gwajm n[afX²

IÊS> I

13. amîQ´>r` AmnmVH$mb Kmo{fV H$aZo Ho$ H$moB© Xmo à^md {b{IE & 2

14. MrZ Ûmam AnZr AW©ì`dñWm _| gwYma Ho$ {bE CR>mE JE {H$Ýht Xmo H$X_m| H$m CëboI
H$s{OE & 2

15. ~m§½bmXoe Ho$ g§{dYmZ H$s {H$Ýht Xmo {deofVmAm| H$mo COmJa H$s{OE & 2

16. ~m°å~o ßbmZ H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 2

17. gm_m{OH$ JR>~§YZ Ho$ ê$n _| H$m±J«og nmQ>u H$s H$m`©àUmbr H$mo ñnîQ> H$s{OE & 2

18. ^maV Am¡a MrZ Ho$ _Ü` {H$Ýht Xmo _V^oXm| H$m {díbofU H$s{OE, {OZHo$ H$maU 1962 _|
g¡Ý` g§Kf© hþAm Wm & 2

13-59/3/2 10
12. Which one of the following is not an agency of the United Nations ?

(A) UNESCO

(B) WHO

(C) UNICEF

(D) UNSC

SECTION B

13. State any two effects of imposing national emergency. 2

14. Mention any two steps taken by China to improve its economy. 2

15. Highlight any two features of the Constitution of Bangladesh. 2

16. Explain the Bombay Plan. 2

17. Explain the functioning of the Congress Party as a social coalition. 2

18. Analyse any two differences between India and China which led to a
military conflict in 1962. 2

13-59/3/2 11 P.T.O.
 IÊS> J

19. (H$) ^maV _| JR>~§YZ gaH$ma| {H$g àH$ma bmoH$V§Ì Ho$ {bE daXmZ gm{~V hþB© h¢ ?
ñnï> H$s{OE & 4

AWdm

(I) 2014 ? {H$Ýht Xmo

H$maUm| H$mo ñnï> H$s{OE & 4

20. Zonmb _| bmoH$V§Ì H$s ñWmnZm _| Xoar n¡Xm H$aZo dmbr {H$Ýht Xmo MwZm¡{V`m| H$m dU©Z
H$s{OE & 4

21. gmo{d`V àUmbr _| gwYma Ho$ {bE Jmo~m©Mod H$s ^y{_H$m H$m dU©Z H$s{OE & 4

22. (H$) ^maV Zo {d{^Þ AmYmam| na g§`wº$ amï´> Ho$ nwZJ©R>Z H$m g_W©Z {H$`m h¡ & H$WZ
H$s nw{ï> H$s{OE & 4

AWdm

(I) g§`wº$ amï´> _| gwYma bmZo H$m AW© gwajm n[afX² H$m nwZJ©R>Z H$aZm h¡ & H$WZ H$mo
Ý`m`g§JV R>hamBE & 4

23. joÌr` AmH$m§jmE± VWm CZH$m g_m`moOZ ^maVr` bmoH$Vm§{ÌH$ amOZr{V H$m EH$ A{^Þ A§J
h¢ & {H$Ýht Xmo Cn`wº$ VH$m] go H$WZ H$s nw{ï> H$s{OE & 4

13-59/3/2 12
 SECTION C

19. (a) How did the coalition governments prove to be a boon for
democracy in India ? Explain. 4

OR

(b) In the 2014 elections, why were people in favour of a stable

government at the Centre ? Explain any two reasons. 4

20. Describe any two challenges that delayed the establishment of democracy
in Nepal. 4

21. Describe the role of Gorbachev to reform the Soviet system. 4

22. (a)

ort the statement. 4

OR

(b)
Security C 4

23. Regional aspirations and their accommodation are an integral part of

Indian democratic politics. nt with any two suitable

arguments. 4

13-59/3/2 13 P.T.O.
 IÊS> K

24. ^maV Ho$ {XE JE amOZr{VH$ aoIm-_mZ{MÌ (n¥îR> 15 na) _| Mma amÁ`m| H$mo
VWm Ho$ Ûmam A§{H$V {H$`m J`m h¡ & ZrMo Xr JB© OmZH$mar Ho$ AmYma na BZ amÁ`m| H$s
nhMmZ H$s{OE Am¡a AnZr CÎma-nwpñVH$m _| BZHo$ ghr Zm_, à`moJ H$s JB© OmZH$mar H$s
H«$_-g§»`m VWm _mZ{MÌ _| {X`m J`m g§~§{YV Aja, ZrMo Xr JB© Vm{bH$m Ho$ ê$n _|
{b{IE : 4 1=4

à`moJ H$s JB© OmZH$mar _mZ{MÌ _| {X`m J`m

amÁ` H$m Zm_
H$s H«$_-g§»`m g§~§{YV Aja
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(i) dh amÁ` Ohm± H$m±J«og nmQ>u H$mo 1967 Ho$ MwZmdm| _| ~hþ_V hm{gb Zht hþAm Wm &

(ii) dh amÁ` Ohm± H$m±J«og nmQ>u Zo 1967 Ho$ MwZmdm| _| ~hþ_V hm{gb Zht {H$`m Wm,
na§Vw AÝ` Xbm| Ho g_W©Z$ go gaH$ma ~Zm br Wr &

(iii) g_mOdmXr ZoVm am_ _Zmoha bmo{h`m go g§~§{YV amÁ` &

(iv) ^maV Ho$ nyd© amï´>n{V dr.dr. {J[a go g§~§{YV amÁ` &

13-59/3/2 14
àíZ g§. 24 Ho$ {bE

^maV H$m aoIm-_mZ{MÌ (amOZr{VH$)

A B

13-59/3/2 15 P.T.O.
 SECTION D

24. In the given political outline map of India (on page 17), four States
have been marked as and . Identify these States on the
basis of the information given below and write their correct names in
your answer-book along with the respective serial number of the
information used and the concerned alphabets given in the map as per
the following format : 4 1=4

Serial number of Concerned

Name of the
the information alphabet given in
State
used the map
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(i) The State where the Congress party did not secure majority in
1967 elections.

(ii) The State where Congress party did not secure majority in 1967
elections but formed the government with the support of other
parties.

(iii) The State related to Samajwadi leader, Ram Manohar Lohia.

(iv) The State related to the former President of India, V.V. Giri.

13-59/3/2 16
For question no. 24

Outline Map of India (Political)

A B

13-59/3/2 17 P.T.O.
 : 24
4 1=4
(24.1) bmb ~hmXþa emñÌr Zo H$m¡Z-gm à{gÕ Zmam {X`m Wm ?
(24.2) ^maVr` amOZr{V Ho$ {H$g XeH$ H$mo IVaZmH$ XeH$ H$hm OmVm h¡ ?
(24.3) 1969 Ho$ amï´>n{V MwZmd _| BpÝXam Jm±Yr Zo {H$g Cå_rXdma H$m g_W©Z {H$`m Wm ?
(24.4) Am`m am_, J`m am_ Ow_bo go gå~pÝYV amÁ` H$m¡Z-gm h¡ ?
25. ~{b©Z H$s Xrdma go g§~§{YV ZrMo {XE JE {MÌ H$m AÜ``Z H$s{OE VWm {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm|
Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE : 1+1+2=4

(i) ~{b©Z H$s Xrdma {H$g ~mV H$m àVrH$ Wr ?

(ii) ~{b©Z H$s Xrdma {H$Z Xmo Xoem| Ho$ ~rM ~Zr hþB© Wr ?
(iii) ~{b©Z H$s Xrdma Ho$ Qy>Q>Zo Ho$ {H$Ýht Xmo n[aUm_m| H$mo COmJa H$s{OE &
25
4 1=4
(25.1) {ÛVr` {díd `wÕ {H$g df© g_mßV hþAm Wm ?
(25.2) ~{b©Z H$s Xrdma {H$g df© ~ZmB© JB© Wr ?
(25.3) gmo{d`V g§K H$m {dKQ>Z {H$g df© hþAm Wm ?
(25.4) 1985 _| gmo{d`V g§K H$s H$å`w{ZñQ> nmQ>u H$m _hmg{Md ~ZZo dmbo ZoVm H$m Zm_
{b{IE &
13-59/3/2 18
Note : The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates
only, in lieu of Q. No. 24 : 4 1=4
(24.1) Which popular slogan was given by Lal Bahadur Shastri ?
(24.2) Which decade of Indian politics has been referred to as the
?
(24.3) Which candidate was supported by Indira Gandhi for the post of
President in 1969 ?
(24.4)
25. Study the picture given below related to the Berlin Wall and answer the
questions that follow : 1+1+2=4

(i) What did the Berlin Wall symbolise ?

(ii) Between which two countries was the Berlin Wall built ?
(iii) Highlight any two outcomes of breaking of the Berlin Wall.
Note : The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates
only, in lieu of Q. No. 25. 4 1=4
(25.1) In which year did the Second World War end ?
(25.2) In which year was the Berlin Wall built ?
(25.3) In which year did the Soviet Union disintegrate ?
(25.4) Name the leader who became the General Secretary of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1985.

13-59/3/2 19 P.T.O.
26. : 4 1=4

1980 Ho$ XeH$ _| X{bV Om{V`m| Ho$ amOZr{VH$ g§JR>Zm| H$m ^r CX` hþAm & 1978 _|
~m_go\$ (BAMCEF) H$m JR>Z hþAm & `h g§JR>Z gaH$mar H$_©Mm[a`m| H$m H$moB©
gmYmaU Q´>So > `y{Z`Z Zht Wm & Bg g§JR>Z Zo ~hþOZ `m{Z AZwgy{MV Om{V, AZwgy{MV
\$Xmar
H$s & Bgr H$m nadVu {dH$mg X{bV-emo{fV g_mO g§Kf© g{_{V h¡, {Oggo ~mX Ho$ g_`
_| ~hþOZ g_mO nmQ>u (~gnm) H$m CX` hþAm &
(i) ~m_go\$
(A) ~hþOZ Am¡a Aëng§»`H$ g_wXm` H$_©Mmar g§K
(B) ~hþOZ Am¡a Aëng§»`H$ g_wXm` H$_©Mmar g§ñWmZ
(C)
(D) {
(ii) ~hþOZ g_mO nmQ>u H$m JR>Z {H$g df© _| hþAm Wm ?
(A) 1981
(B) 1984
(C) 1989
(D) 1991

(iii) ~hþOZ g_mO nmQ>u H$m g§ñWmnH$ ZoVm H$m¡Z Wm ?

(A) ~r.Ama. Aå~oS>H$a>
(B) _m`mdVr
(C) _wbm`_ qgh
(D) H$m§eram_
(iv) ~hþOZ g_mO nmQ>u (~gnm) Zo {H$g amÁ` _| AnZr nhbr gaH$ma J{R>V H$s Wr ?
(A) n§Om~
(B) h[a`mUm
(C) CÎma àXoe
(D) amOñWmZ
13-59/3/2 20
26. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that
follow : 4 1=4
The 1980s also saw the rise of political organisations of the Dalits. In

trade union of government employees. It took a strong position in favour

the SC, ST, OBC and minorities. It
was out of this that the subsequent Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh
Samiti and later the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) emerged.

(i) Choose the correct full form of BAMCEF :

(A) Bahujan and Minority Communities Employees Federation
(B) Bahujan and Minority Communities Employees Foundation
(C) Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation
(D) Backward and Minority Communities Employees Foundation

(ii) In which year was the Bahujan Samaj Party formed ?

(A) 1981
(B) 1984
(C) 1989
(D) 1991

(iii) Who was the founder leader of Bahujan Samaj Party ?

(A) B.R. Ambedkar
(B) Mayawati
(C) Mulayam Singh
(D) Kanshi Ram

(iv) In which State did the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) form its first
government ?
(A) Punjab
(B) Haryana
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Rajasthan

13-59/3/2 21 P.T.O.
 IÊS> L>

27. (H$) n`m©daU õmg H$mo amoH$Zo Ho$ {bE ^maV gaH$ma Ûmam CR>mE JE {H$Ýht VrZ H$X_m| H$s
ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 6

AWdm

(I) n`m©daU H$mo õmg go ~MmZo _| _hÎdnyU© ^y{_H$m {Z^mZo dmbo {H$Ýht VrZ n`m©daUr`
Am§XmobZm| H$s ^y{_H$m H$mo ñnîQ> H$s{OE & 6

28. (H$) H$moB© VrZ VH©$ XoH$a ^maV Ûmam AnZmB© JB© JwQ>{ZanojVm H$s Zr{V H$mo Ý`m`mo{MV
R>hamBE & 6

AWdm
(I) ñdV§Ì ^maV H$s {dXoe Zr{V Zo EH$ em§{VnyU© {díd Ho$ gnZo H$mo gmH$ma H$aZo H$m
à`mg {H$`m h¡ & VrZ Cn`wº$ VH$m] Ho$ gmW H$WZ H$s nw{ï> H$s{OE & 6

29. (H$) 1947 _| ñdV§ÌVm Ho$ g_` ^maV Ho$ g_j AmBª {H$Ýht VrZ _w»` MwZm¡{V`m| H$m
dU©Z H$s{OE & 6

AWdm
(I) 1947 _| {~«{Q>e BpÝS>`m Ho$ {d^mOZ H$s à{H«$`m _| AmBª {H$Ýht VrZ à_wI
H${R>ZmB`m| H$m dU©Z H$s{OE & 6

30. (H$) {ÛVr` {díd `wÕ Ho$ níMmV² E{e`m Am¡a A\«$sH$m Ho$ Zd ñdV§Ì Xoem| Ho$ gm_Zo AmBª
{H$Ýht VrZ gwajm MwZm¡{V`m| H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 6

AWdm
(I) ^maVr` gwajm aUZr{V Ho$ {H$Ýht VrZ KQ>H$m| H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 6

13-59/3/2 22
 SECTION E

27. (a) Explain any three steps taken by the Indian Government to check
environmental degradation. 6
OR
(b) Explain the role of any three environmental movements which
played an important role to save the environment from
degradation. 6

28. (a) Justify the policy of Non-Alignment adopted by India, by giving

any three arguments. 6

OR

(b) Foreign policy of independent India has pursued the dream of a

arguments. 6

29. (a) Describe any three major challenges faced by India at the time of
independence in 1947. 6

OR

(b) Describe any three major difficulties that came in the way of the
partition of British India in 1947. 6

30. (a) Explain any three security challenges faced by the newly
independent countries of Asia and Africa after the Second World
War. 6
OR

(b) Explain any three components of the Indian security strategy. 6

13-59/3/2 23 P.T.O.
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior Secondary School Examination, 2024
SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession. To
avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and understand
the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect the
life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to anyone,
publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may invite action
under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be
done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should
be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers which are
based on latest information or knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be assessed
for their correctness otherwise and due marks be awarded to them. In class-XII, while
evaluating two competency-based questions, please try to understand given answer and
even if reply is not from marking scheme but correct competency is enumerated by the
candidate, due marks should be awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers.These are in the
nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have
their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded
accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator
on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in
the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be zero after delibration and
discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation shall be given only after ensuring
that there is no significant variation in the marking of individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be marked.
Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that answer is
correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which evaluators are
committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks awarded
for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-hand margin
and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks
should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only once.
11 A full scale of marks _____80_____(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in Question
Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer deserves it.

1
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12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours every
day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books per day in
other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the Examiner
in the past:- Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
●
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark is
correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for incorrect
answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should be
marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error detected
by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the evaluation work
as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all concerned, it is again reiterated
that the instructions be followed meticulously and judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines for
spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to the
title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on payment of
the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head Examiners are
once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out strictly as per value
points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

2
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SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

SECTION – A Pg Marks T
ot
Question No. 1 to 12 are Multiple Choice type questions carrying 1 mark each. 12 × 1 = 12

1. nWhich one of the following was signed to establish ASEAN ? 1

(A) Singapore Declaration
(B) Bangkok Declaration
(C) ASEAN Declaration
(D) Beijing Declaration

Ans (B) Bangkok Declaration P- 1

20,I

2. Assertion (A) : India and Nepal enjoy friendly relations and both have signed a 1
treaty.
Reason (R) : The king of Nepal accepted the demand for a new democratic
constitution in 2001, in the wake of a strong pro-democracy movement.
Options :
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Ans (C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false B-I 1
Which incident paved the path to form the Janata Party ? 1
3. (A) Students’ Movement
(B) Presidential Election of 1969
(C) Declaration of Emergency in 1975
(D) Railway Strike, 1974
Ans (C) Declaration of Emergency in 1975 P- 1
101
,
II
4. Which one of the following movements was not started by the people of North- 1
East to express their regional aspirations ?
(A) Movement against outsiders
(B) Movement for greater autonomy
(C) Movement to form a union of North-East States
(D) Movement for secession

Ans (C) Movement to form a union of North-East States P- 1

40,

3
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SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

II
5. Which one of the following statements about the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka is 1
false ?
(A) Politics in Sri Lanka favoured the Sinhalese.
(B) Interests of Tamils were neglected.
(C) LTTE was supported by the SAARC countries.
(D) The Sri Lanka ethnic problem involved the Sinhalese and the
Tamils.

Ans (C) LTTE was supported by the SAARC countries. P- 1

37,I
6. Which region of India is referred to as the ‘Seven Sisters’? 1
(A) North-East region (B) South-West region
(C) North-West region (D) South-East region

Ans (A) North-East region P- 1

126
,II
7. Assertion (A) : The first general elections in India had to be postponed twice and 1
were finally held from October 1951 to February 1952.
Reason (R) : It was no longer possible to argue that democratic elections could
not be held in conditions of poverty or lack of education.
Options :
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Ans (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct P- 1
explanation of the Assertion (A). 28,I
8. Students of which two states started an agitation against the rising food prices in 1
1974 ?
(A) Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
(B) Rajasthan and Bihar
(C) Bihar and Gujarat
(D) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh

Ans (C) Bihar and Gujarat P- 1

68,
II
9. Who among the following was the First Chief Election Commissioner of India ? 1
(A) Sukumar Sen (B) Karpoori Thakur
4
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SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

(C) K. Kamaraj (D) Narendra Dev

Ans (A) Sukumar Sen P- 1

27,I
10. Match List I correctly with List II : 1
List I List II
1. European Currency (i) France

2. Special Economic Zone (ii) ASEAN

3. A permanent member country of UN Security (iii) Euro
Council
4. A Regional Organisation (iv) China
Choose the correct option :

(A) 1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(ii) (B) 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(ii), 4-(iv)
(C) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii) (D) 1-(iv), 2-(ii), 3-(iii), 4-(i)

Ans. (A) 1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(ii) B-I 1

11. Arrange the following events in chronological order : 1

(i) Establishment of the World Bank
(ii) Establishment of the WTO
(iii) Establishment of the UNO
(iv) Establishment of the IAEA
Choose the correct option :
(A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
(B) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)
(D) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

Ans. (A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii) B-I 1

12. Which one of the following is not an agency of the United Nations ? 1
(A) UNESCO
(B) WHO
(C) UNICEF
(D) UNSC

Ans. (D) UNSC B-I 1

SECTION – B
13. State any two effects of imposing national emergency. 2

5
 Marking Scheme
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Senior Secondary School Examination, 2024
SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

Ans. Effects of imposing national emergency- P-

(i) All the powers get concentrated with the Union Government. 101 2x1= 2
(ii) Some Fundamentals Rights get suspended. ,II
(iii) the federal distribution of powers remains practically suspended.
Any other (Any two)
14. Mention any two steps taken by China to improve its economy. 2
Ans. Steps taken by China : P-
(i) Privatisation of agriculture in 1982.Privatisation of Industries in 23,
1998. II
(ii) Creation of special economic zones.
(iii) ‘Open door policy’ and economic reforms.
(iv) Established economic relations with the US and ended its isolation.
(Any two)
15. Highlight any two features of the Constitution of Bangladesh. 2

Ans. Two features of the constitutions of Bangladesh P-

(i) Secular, Democratic, Socialist 35,I
(ii) Parliamentary form of Government. 2x1= 2
(iii) Sovereign Republic
(Any two)
16. Explain the Bombay Plan. 2
Ans. The Bombay Plan P-
It was a joint proposal of a sector of the big industrialists of India for setting up a 49, 2
planned economy in the country in 1944. It wanted the state to take major initiatives II
in industrial and other economic investments.it paved the way for accepting planning
as the most obvious choice for our country.
(Evaulate as a whole)
17. Explain the functioning of the Congress Party as a social coalition. 2
Ans. Congress Party as a social coalition :
(i) The Congress began as a party dominated by the English-speaking, P-
upper caste, upper middle-class and urban elite, but with every civil 36,II 2x1= 2
disobedience movement it launched, its social base widened.
(ii) It brought together diverse groups, whose interests were often
contradictory.
(iii) Peasants and industrialists, urban dwellers and villagers, workers and
owners, middle, lower and upper classes and castes, all found space
in the Congress.
(any two)
18. Analyse any two differences between India and China which led to a military 2
conflict in 1962.
Ans. Differences between India and China that led to military conflict in 1962. P- 2x1= 2
(i) China took over Tibet in 1950. 62,
(ii) Disagreement over final settlement of the sino Indian border. II
(iii) Competing territorial claims over AksaiChin & region of Ladakh.
6
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SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

(or any other relevant point) (Any two)

SECTION – C
19. 4
How did the coalition governments prove to be a boon for democracy in India ?
(a)
Explain.
OR

(b) In the 2014 elections, why were people in favour of a stable government at the
Centre ? Explain any two reasons.
Ans.
(a) Coalition governments prove to be a boon as
(i) These led to pragmatic politics. P- 2x2= 4
(ii) Coalition governments led to consensus on many conflicting issues. 140
(iii) Enhanced the participation and importance of regional parties in national politics. ,II
(iv) Regional aspirations and demands came into the limelight and steps were taken to
address those.
(v) Many disputed issues were put off due to minimum common program.
(Or any other relevant point) (any two)
OR
Reasons
(b) (i) People were fed up with the previous experience of coalition governments. P-
(ii) Many important decisions could not be taken due to varying interests of coalition 151 2x2= 4
partners. -
156
(iii) Expectation for a corruption free government for economic growth.
,II
(Any other relevant point) (any two)

20. Describe any two challenges that delayed the establishment of democracy in
Nepal. 4

Ans. Challenges :
(i) Some sections in Nepal still thought that a nominal monarchy is P- 2x2= 4
necessary for Nepal to retain its link with the past. 35
(ii) The Maoist groups have agreed to suspend armed struggle. They want
ed the constitution to include the radical programmes of social and
economic restructuring.
(iii) All the parties in the SPA did not agree with this programme.
(iv) The Moaist and some other political groups were also deeply
suspicious of the Indian government and its role in the future of Nepal.
(any other relevant point) (Any two)
21. Describe the role of Gorbachev to reform the Soviet system. 4
Ans. Role of Gorbachev :

7
 Marking Scheme
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Senior Secondary School Examination, 2024
SUBJECT : POLITICAL SCIENCE (028) PAPER CODE NO:59/3/2

(i) The policies of economic and political reforms – Perestroika P- 3,

(Restructuring) and Glasnost – (Openness) 5,II 4x1= 4
(ii) To stop arms race with the US.
(iii) Withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan and Eastern
Europe.
(iv) To the reform the economy catch up with the west and loosen the
administrative system.
(Or any other relevant point)
22.
(a)
“India has supported the restructuring of the United Nations on several
4
grounds.” Support the statement.
OR
Reforming the United Nations means restructuring of the Security Council.”
(b) 4
Justify the statement.
Ans.
(a) India has supported the restructuring of the UN on the following grounds- 4
(i) The UN security council membership has become static whereas the P-
members of United Nations has grown. 57,
(ii) UN Security Council depends only on the five permanent members- which II
4
is discriminatory.
(iii) There is unequitable representation in geographical terms.
Hence India supports the restructuring of the United States.
(Or any other relevant answer) ( Evaluate as a whole)
OR
(b) Most of the actions of the United Nations are based on the decisions of the Security
Council. So if United Nation is to be restructured then the restructuring of Security P-
Council is must- 54,
(i) Change in the number of permanent and non- permanent members of the II 4
Security Council is desired.
(ii) Security Council should be made equitable representative in geographical terms
(Or any other relevant point)
(Assess as a whole)
23. “Regional aspirations and their accommodation are an integral part of Indian 4
democratic politics.” Statement with any two suitable arguments.
Ans. (i)India is a union of states representing different regions. Every state or region has its P-
own problems and needs. Hence in a democratic setup like India, every 113
state/region/group/individual has the right to raise his/her problems. ,II 2x2= 4
(ii)Every region as a whole has some aspirations for their development or aspirations
related to their culture/language etc.
(iii)So it becomes an integral part of India democratic politics to
listen/address/accommodate their aspiration.
(Any two)
8
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SECTION – D
24. In the given political outline map of India (on page 19), four States have been
marked as and . Identify these States on the basis of the
information given below and write their correct names in your answer-book
along with the respective serial number of the information used and the
concerned alphabets given in the map as per the following format :

Serial number of Concerned alphabet

the information given in the map Name of the
used State

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(i) The State where the Congress party did not secure majority in 1967
elections.
(ii) The State where Congress party did not secure majority in 1967
elections but formed the government with the support of other
parties.
(iii) The State related to Samajwadi leader, Ram Manohar Lohia.
(iv) The State related to the former President of India, V.V. Giri.

9
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Ans. Serial number of Concerned alphabet Ch- 4 1= 4

the information given in the map Name of the 5
used State

(i) D Punjab

(ii) A Rajasthan

(iii) B Uttar Pradesh

Andhra
(iv) C
Pradesh
Note : The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates 4 1= 4
only, in lieu of Q. No. 24 :
(24.1) Which popular slogan was given by Lal Bahadur Shastri ?
(24.2) Which decade of Indian politics has been referred to as the
?
(24.3) Which candidate was supported by Indira Gandhi for the post of
President in 1969 ?
(24.4)Which state is related to the phrase ‘Aya Ram, Gaya Ram’?

Ans. (24.1) Jai Jawan Jai Kissan Ch-

(24.2) 1960s 5
(24.3) V.V.Giri

10
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(24.4) Haryana
25. Study the picture given below related to the Berlin Wall and answer the questions
that follow : 1+1+2 4
=

(i) What did the Berlin Wall symbolise ?

(ii) Between which two countries was the Berlin Wall built ?
(iii) Highlight any two outcomes of breaking of the Berlin Wall.
(i) The Berlin wall symbolized the division between the capitalist and the Ch- 1+1+2 4
communist world. 1 =
(ii) East Germany and West Germany
(iii) Outcomes of breaking of the Berlin wall-
(a) The unification of two parts of Germany.
(b) Beginning of the end of the Communist block.
Ans Note : The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates 4 1= 4
only, in lieu of Q. No. 25.
(25.1) In which year did the Second World War end ?
(25.2) In which year was the Berlin Wall built ?
(25.3) In which year did the Soviet Union disintegrate ?
(25.4) Name the leader who became the General Secretary of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1985.

For Visually impaired – Ch- 4x1= 4

(25.1) 1945 1
(25.2) 1961
(25.3) 1991
(25.4) Mikhail Gorbachev
26. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow : 4×1 4
The 1980s also saw the rise of political organisations of the Dalits. In =

trade union of government employees. It took a strong position in favour

the SC, ST, OBC and minorities. It
was out of this that the subsequent Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh
Samiti and later the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) emerged.

(i) Choose the correct full form of BAMCEF :

11
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(A) Bahujan and Minority Communities Employees Federation

(B) Bahujan and Minority Communities Employees Foundation
(C) Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation
(D) Backward and Minority Communities Employees Foundation
(ii) In which year was the Bahujan Samaj Party formed ?
(A) 1981
(B) 1984
(C) 1989
(D) 1991
(iii) Who was the founder leader of Bahujan Samaj Party ?
(A) B.R. Ambedkar
(B) Mayawati
(C) Mulayam Singh
(D) Kanshi Ram

(iv) In which State did the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) form its first
government ?
(A) Punjab
(B) Haryana
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Rajasthan

(i) (C) Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation P- 4x1= 4

(ii) (B) 1984 131
(iii) (D) Kanshi Ram -
(iV) (C) Uttar Pradesh 147
SECTION – E
27.
6
(a) Explain any three steps taken by the Indian Government to check
environmental degradation.
OR
(b) Explain the role of any three environmental movements which played an
important role to save the environment from degradation.
6
Ans. Three steps by Indian Government :
(a) (i) National Auto Fuel Policy that mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles.
(ii) Energy Conservation Act was passed in 2001, to improve energy ,P- 3x2= 6
efficiency. 90
(iii) The electricity Act 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy. ,II
(iv) National Mission on Biodiesel : The Indian government is also keen
to launch a National Mission on Biodiesel, using about 11 million
hectares of land to produce biodiesel, and India has one of the
largest renewable energy programmes in the world.
Or any other relevant step. (Any three)
OR

12
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(b) Role of Environment Movements

(i) Movements against deforestation were launched in Mexico, Chile, P- 3x2=
Brazil, Africa, India, etc. India’s Chipko Movement is a classic 91, 6
example of this. They ensure information campaigns in school, 92
,II
colleges and through media to highlight issues of environment
degradation.
(ii) Several groups and organisations in the Philippines have come
together to protest against the damage caused to the environment
by the mineral industries. This movement was launched against a
multinational company, Western Mining Corporation of Australia.
(iii) Anti mega dam movements to save rivers. “Narmada Bachao
Andolan” in India and movement to save the Frankfin River and its
adjoining forests in Australia were launched. These movements
began ground campaign by involving public participation.
Or any other relevant point
28.
(a) 6
Justify the ‘policy of Non-Alignment’ adopted by India, by giving any three
arguments.
(b) OR 6
“Foreign policy of independent India has pursued the dream of a peaceful
world.” Support the statement with three suitable arguments.
Ans.
(a) Non-alignment policy of India-
(i) India chose the policy of NAM as it desired to be independent and
sovereign in keeping and maintaining its independent foreign policy. P-
(ii) The policy of NAM helped in reducing the Cold War tensions and allowed 56 3x2= 6
,I
India towards contributing human resources to the UN peace keeping
operations.
(iii) The policy of NAM also helped India to keep the Balance of Power to avoid
entanglement in power politics.
(iv) India adopted NAM to get help from both the super powers.
(or any other relevant point) (any three )

(b) OR
Suitable arguments –
(i) The foreign policy of Independent India rigorously pursued the dream of a
peaceful world by advocating the policy of NAM; by reducing the cold war
confrontations and by contributing the human resources to the UN peace P-
keeping operations. 3,I
(ii) India did not join either of the two camps as it wanted to keep distance from 3x2= 6
the military alliances led by US and USSR against each other.
(iii) In 1956 , Britain attacked Egypt over the Suez canal issue, India led the
world protest against this neo colonial invasion.

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( or any other relevant point)

29.
6
(a) Describe any three major challenges faced by India at the time of independence
in 1947.
OR
Describe any three major difficulties that came in the way of the partition of 6
(b) British India in 1947.

Ans.
(a) Major challenges-
(i) To shape a nation that is united yet accommodative of the diversity of the P- 3x2= 6
society. 8,II
(ii) To establish and deepen democracy by ensuring fundamental rights,
reperesentative democracy based on Parlimentary form of government.
(iii) To ensure the development and well being of the entire society.
(To be explained)
OR
(b) Major difficulties- 3x2= 6
(i) No single belt of Muslim majority.
(ii) All muslims did not want to be in Pakistan. P-
(iii) Non muslims were also in large numbers in the two Muslim majority 10,
provinces of Punjab and Bengal. II
(iv) Minority on both the sides found themselves trapped.
(any three to be explained)
30.
(a) Explain any three security challenges faced by the newly independent countries 6
of Asia and Africa after the Second World War.
OR
(b) Explain any three components of the Indian security strategy. 6

Ans.
(a) Security Challenges:-
(i) The newly independent countries of Asia and Africa faced the prospect of
military conflict with neighbouring countries. Also to strengthen their P- 3x2= 6
internal military capabilities in order to overcome their own internal 74,I
military conflict.
(ii) These countries had the fear from the neighbouring countries more than
that from the super powers.
(iii) These newly independent countries had disputes over borders and
territories or control of people and population or all of these simultaneously.

14
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(iv) Some of these countries had the challenge of internal threats in the form of
separatist movements and socio-economic inequalities. They also faced the
problem of social in justice that affects the Human Rights.
(or any other relevant point) (any three)
OR
(b)
Indian security strategy-
3x2= 6
(i) Strengthening its own military capabilities.
(ii) To strengthen international norms and institutions to protect its security P-
interests. 77,I
(iii) To meet security challenges within the country from the states of
Nagaland, Mizoram and Jammu Kashmir.
(iv) To bring the citizens out of poverty and economic inequaltities.
(or any other relevant point) (any three )

15