LABORATORY MANAGEMENT

1. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic skills needed by a manager?
A. Computer skills
B. People skills
C. Financial skills
D. Organizational skills
E. Technical skills
2. What is the first phase of management process?
A. Setting objectives
B. Directing
C. Gathering feedback
D. Planning
3. Which management function is responsible for monitoring the standards and feedback
mechanisms set in place when objectives were established during the planning stage?
A. Directing
B. Planning
C. Organizing
D. Controlling

4. Which of the following concepts are encompassed in group and individual

expectations?
A. Role
B. Status
C. Emergent behavior
D. Synergism

5. Select the terms that best describes a quality management program that focuses on
the success of the organization in designing and meeting set goals and objectives.
A. Quality assurance
B. Quality assessment and improvement
C. Total quality management
D. Quality control
6. The activities that are directed toward assuming the quality of the services provided
are called:
A. Quality assurance
B. Quality control
C. Care indicators
D. Care outcomes
7. What phase of the management process involves the day-today tasks of running the
laboratory according to the management plan?
A. Directing
B. Planning
C. Organizing
D. Controlling
8. An alternative scheduling program that allows employees to work in concentrated
blocks of time, such as 16-hour shifts on the weekends, is referred to as:
A. Compressed work cycle
B. Flextime
C. Job sharing
D. Work at home
9. A _____ is a person who can work in many sections of the lab and is assigned
according to workload.
A. Professional extender
B. Technical assistant
C. Generalist
D. Floater

10. Procedures, in contrast to _________, are detailed and comprehensive documents.

A. Standards
B. Rules
C. Policies
D. Regulations
11. Standardization considered key in the preparation of procedure manuals:
A. Regulatory requirements
B. Information
C. Effective communication
D. Uniformity in the performance of tasks and tests
12. The primary reason and aim of policy and procedure manuals is to ensure:
A. Regulatory requirements
B. Information
C. Effective communication
D. Accreditation requirements

13. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic skills needed by a manager?
A. Computer skills
B. People skills
C. Financial skills
D. Organizational skills
E. Technical skills

14. What is the most important role of a manager in a patient or customer-focused

organization?
A. Salesperson
B. Customer representative
C. Servant to the line workers
D. Resource coordinator

15. The stock replenishment technique that matches delivery time of a product to the
exact moment of need is called:
A. Just-in time
B. Minimum reorder level
C. Standing order
D. Set-point stocking delivery

16. Computers provide information by analyzing:

A. Bytes
B. Bits
C. Data
D. Statistics
17. If the supervisor asks a tech to work with a company training specialist to implement
a new computer program for monitoring quality control, which term would best describe
this assignment?
A. Job enrichment
B. Job enlargement
C. Variety
D. Motivation
18. The best reviewer in one-on-one relationships still appears to be:
A. Higher-level managers
B. Self-evaluations
C. Immediate supervisor
D. Peers
E. Independent experts

19. Which of the following theories emphasize the relationship between human needs
and motivation?
A. Vroom’s expectance theory
B. Adam’s equity theory
C. McClelland’s achievement motivation
D. Skinner’s reinforcement theory
20. In performance appraisal terminology, a criterion may consist of _________.
A. Performance standard
B. Performance test
C. Performance guideline
D. Performance rule
E. All of the above
21. Which of the following is not a characteristic of organizational systems?
A. Operates as a closed system
B. A purposeful activity
C. Many interdependent and cooperative parts
D. Specialization
22. Which type of authority do physicians exert when they write patient order?
A. Line
B. Supervisory
C. Functional
D. Staff
23. Which type of authority does the personnel exert?
A. Line
B. Supervisory
C. Functional
D. Staff
24. Which one of the following is NOT part of the communication process?
A. Receiver
B. Sender
C. Message
D. Mode of transmission
E. All are part of the communication process
25. What is the meaning of decoding a message?
A. Selection of transmission method
B. Formatting a message
C. Translation of the message by the receiver
D. A hidden meaning

26. What is the term for formal empowerment of an individual to act on behalf of the
company?
A. Responsibility
B. Accountability
C. Delegation
D. Authority
27. A program in which two or more persons are responsible for a job normally performed
by a single employee is called:
A. Compressed work cycle
B. Flextime
C. Job sharing
D. Work at home
28. What type of system is a hospital-based laboratory?
A. An internal system
B. A parent system
C. A primary system
D. A subsystem
29. Select the terms that best describes a quality management program that focuses on
the success of the organization in designing and meeting set goals and objectives.
A. Quality assurance
B. Quality assessment and improvement
C. Total quality management
D. Quality control

30. A good objective:

A. Is clearly defined and understood
B. Is obtainable and realistic
C. Has a strict time period in which to be accomplished
D. Is measurable
E. All of the above
31. Which times are included in determining total payroll hours?
A. Overtime
B. Worked hours
C. Nonproductive hours
D. All of the above
32. Which is a feature of fixed cost?
A. Not directly affected by test volume
B. May be counted as overhead
C. Usually supportive in nature
D. All of the above
33. All of the following methods are used to forecast cost items for budgeting, except:
A. Percentage of revenue per budget line item
B. Ratios of cost items to test volume
C. Actual costs of service under contract
D. Weighted budget projections
34. Which statement applies to a variable cost?
A. Sometimes called “marginal costs”
B. Change in surges or gradual increase in volume
C. Respond directly to any change in a workload
D. Not considered to be manageable on a short-term basis
34. Which term is used to describe efforts to influence attitudes toward the organization?
A. Marketing
B. Public relations
C. Advertisements
D. All of the above
35. A laboratory may be considered a profit center if it:
A. Generates billable services
B. Provides services paid by Medicare and Medicaid
C. Does not contribute to overhead
D. None of the above

36. What is the accounting term for test-specific costs that rise in direct proportion to the
number of procedures performed?
A. Part of overhead
B. Direct costs
C. Indirect costs
D. Unit costs
37. Standardized tests designed to measure the attributes and skills of potential
employees are called:
A. Pre-employment tests
B. Personality evaluations
C. Employment tests
D. General mental abilities tests
38. Which items are included in productive payroll hours calculations?
A. Recruitment
B. Training
C. Vacation
D. Termination
39. In determining direct labor costs, the analytical time segment includes:
A. Instrument operation
B. Reporting results
C. Calculating results
D. All of the above
40. Which method is used to allocate utilities expenses to the laboratory?
A. Square footage
B. Number and voltage of instruments
C. Staffing level
D. Test volume
41. How we see ourselves and how we think others see us combines to form our:
A. Emergent behavior
B. Synergism
C. Specialization
D. Self-concept
42. In which group are motivational theories that attempt to understand how the person
reacts to external stimuli?
A. Process models
B. Content theories
C. Incentive programs
D. People-work complementary
43. Select the term listed below that applies to the branch of management that deals with
what makes individuals act the way they do:
A. Motivation
B. Leadership
C. Behavior modification
D. Attitude
44. Of the terms listed below, which applies to the branch of management that focuses
on the directing of a group toward a designated goal?
A. Motivation
B. Leadership
C. Behavior modification
D. Attitude
45. In which group are motivational theories that attempt to understand how the person
reacts to external stimuli?
A. Process models
B. Content theories
C. Incentive programs
D. People-work complementary
46. Nonproductive hours include:
A. Overtime
B. Available hours
C. Sick time
D. Educational in-service
47. Which of the following parties does the manager represent?
A. Owners of the company
B. Patients or clients of the firm
C. Employees
D. All of the above
E. A and C
48. An inventory system that records each time a product is used is called:
A. Periodical
B. Perpetual
C. Random
D. Minimum/maximum
49. Which document represents a commitment to buy a specified amount of product to
be delivered according to an established schedule?
A. Purchase order
B. Travelling requisition
C. Standing order
D. Request for purchase
50. Which type of authority is assigned through the formal bureaucratic process?
A. Line
B. Supervisory
C. Functional
D. Staff