‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬

What is the Classic

Control?

Eng./Mohamed Fathy
00201147207593

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 Topic

 History of Automation.
 What is the Classic control?
 Classic control components.
 Classic control applications.
 Advantages of classic control
 Why we replaced it with PLC?

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NO AUTOMATION

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Automation

 Remotely Industrial operation to get economic production with specific standards

 Saving time ,money and eliminate human errors.

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Classic Control

 Relay logic control

 Is a control system used remotely control the process to obtain final
product with an economic and standard specification .
 Invented with electromagnetic relays and contactors

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Automated Control system

Contactor

PUMP
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Push button

NO

NC
 proximity switch

•Principle of Operation:
•Proximity Switch consists a sensor circuit and a driver
circuit.
•The sensor circuit purpose is used to detect any near
by objects.
•The sensor circuit sends an output High signal to the
transistor based driver circuit when any object found
near to the sensor circuit.
 Relay

 Relay “Josef Henry 1835”

• An electromagnetic device used for remote or automatic control.
• Is the link between low power digital electronic and High power devices.

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Relay construction

•A relay is an electrically operated switch used for a single or multiple control

signals.
• Coil
• Movable armature
• Set of input terminals.

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Relay types
 Contactor
 A contactor is an electrically-controlled switch used for switching
an electrical power circuit
 Contactor current should be more than load current to achieve long
life time and not much more for the economic side

 Link between low level power (coil) and High level power
(Motor power)
A contactor has three components:
 Iron core
 Main point
 Helping point

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Contactor

 Input point : (1 -3 -5) , (L1- L2- L3 ) , (R-T- S)

 Output point : (2-4-6) , (T1-T2-T3) , (U -V -W)
 Helping point: low voltage points for control
circuit can be increased by external pieces
 Relay Contactor
electrically-controlled switch

Coil + NO +NC

Has Main points and auxiliary points

1 phase not recommended to use 3 phase high current (3 Phase)

Has no ARC shutdown has ARC shutdown

Main contacts are the same auxiliary Main contacts not the same auxiliary

Need abase with the same number of legs Can increase auxiliary points
Thermal over load

 Protect motor from high current as the thermal over loading or over heating of the
motor may lead to insulation failure and damage of winding.
 Do not protect circuit from short circuit current
 Between Contactor and motor
Thermal over load

 (U - V - W) ) 5- 3 - 1( to contactor directly
 (T1 T2 T3 ) ( 2-4-6) TO power circuit (Motor)
 Auxiliary points
 (95-96 NC) alarm lamp or sound
 (97-98 NO) helping points to control circuit
 Test button (test auxiliary points)
 Pointer to select Current cut off Range according to motor range.
 Reset button (M manually –A automatically)
 Stop button ( Disconnect the Main points (Open ))
Circuit breaker(CBs)

 Protection from short circuit ,over load current , earth leakage

 MCB (Miniature circuit breaker)
 MCCB (Molded Case Circuit Breaker”)
MCB (Miniature circuit breaker)

 Rated current (amp): selected according to load current

 MCB (“Miniature Circuit Breaker) its rated current up to 100A
 6A 10A 16A 20A 25A 32A 40A

 Short circuit current “interrupt rating” (KA) : max current can

withstand on short circuit (Short Circuit Capacity) for a few seconds
 interrupt rating is up to 1800 amps
 3KA 6KA 10KA 80KA 100KA
MCB

 1- C60H
 C60 : Product Model Number
 H : Type Breaking Capacity ,
 2 -C Tripping Curve Type
 63 :Max .Current Rating

In: Rated Current of C.B (AMP) depend On KVA Of load
 Standard values:6A , 10A , 16A , 20A , 25A , 32A , 40A , 50A , 63A
 4 - 415 V ͠ : Rated operational Voltage (Ue)
 5-Breaking Capacity Icu OR Icn (KA) 10000
 6- Energy degree-3
MCCB (Molded Case Circuit Breaker”)

 Rated current :
selected according to load current up to 2500 A
 Interrupt rating
 Short circuit current “interrupt rating” (KA) : max current can
withstand on short circuit (Short Circuit Capacity) for a few seconds
 10KA-200KA
Timers

 1- ON DELAY
 2- OFF DELAY
 3-ON/OFF DELAY
 Classic control Industrial process Design

 The prepose (Function)of the industrial process (control tank level).

 Power circuit (load motor and protection devices)
and Control circuit (coils –operating devices)
 design and Simulation
Design (Autocade)
Simulation (Automation studio or EKTS).
 Select components.
 Implement the circuit .

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1 Start / 1 stop
2 start /1 stop
1start /2 off
M1 (ANY TIME ) M2 (ONLY WITH M1)
M1 (ANY TIME ) M2( WITH M1) (M3 WITH M2)
L1 when (on) -L2 (off) - L3 ( OL operate)
Motor operate at two directions
Motor operate on two direction by limit
switches and stop by off push button
M1 (operate any time ) M2 (operate after M1 by certain time)
Classic Control Panel

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Classic Control system example

Contactor

PUMP
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Classic control Applications

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 Relay Logic Control with large industries

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Classic Control Disadvantages

 Use Limit Input Outputs.

 Complex to implement.
 Troubleshooting and maintenance is difficult.
 Reconfiguration is difficult.
 huge space required.
 Wiring complexity.
 More maintenance

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  Wish you Have some useful information

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