Alessandro A.

Pasague

Week 1-2
FOUR MAIN COMPON EN TS OF TOURIS M AN D HOSP IT ALIT Y IN DUST RY

Accomodation
This includes hotels, resorts, hostels, motels,
and other lodging facilities where tourists
stay during their travels.
FOUR MAIN COMP ON EN TS OF TOURIS M AN D HOSP IT ALIT Y IN DUST RY

Food and Beverage

Services
Restaurants, cafes, bars, and other
establishments that provide food and drink
to tourists:
Commercial Establishments: These are
businesses that are focus on providing food
and drink to the public in exchange for
payment.
Non-Commercial Establishments: These are
food service operations that do not
primarily operate for profit but to support
other functions or services.
FOUR MAIN COMPON EN TS OF TOURIS M AN D HOSP IT ALIT Y IN DUST RY

Tourist attractions like museums, parks,

historical sites, as well as entertainment
options such as theaters, concerts, sports,
and recreational activities.

Leisure and Recreation

Services
FOUR MAIN COMPON EN TS OF TOURIS M AN D HOSP IT ALIT Y IN DUST RY

Leisure and 1.Sports and Physical Recreation: Activities that

involve physical exercise or sports.

Recreation 2.Arts and Entertainment: Activities related to

Services
creative expression and enjoyment.

3.Countryside Recreation: Activities that take place

in rural or natural settings.

4.Home-Based Leisure and Play: Activities enjoyed

at home for relaxation or fun.

5.Activity-Based Leisure: Various recreational

activities that are organized around a specific
pursuit.
FOUR MAIN COMP ON EN TS OF TOURIS M AN D HOSP IT ALIT Y IN DUST RY

Tourism
Services
This encompasses travel agencies, tour
operators, information centers, and other
services that assist in planning and
facilitating travel.
 Tourism

is the practice of traveling to and staying in places outside one's usual environment for
leisure, business, or other purposes.
 5 As’ of
Tourism
Tourism can significantly impact the
economy, culture, and environment of the
destination areas.
ATTRACTIONS
The places or experiences
that draw tourists, such as
natural wonders, historical
sites, cultural events, or
entertainment venues.
ACCOMMODATION
The various types of
places where tourists
can stay, including
hotels, motels, resorts,
hostels, and vacation
rentals.
ACCESSIBILITY
The ease with which tourists
can reach the destination
and move around once they
are there, including
transportation options like
flights, trains, buses, and
car rentals.
AMENITIES
The additional services and

facilities that enhance the

travel experience, such as

restaurants, shopping areas,

recreational facilities, and

health services.
 The various things tourists can do at the destination, including
sightseeing, adventure sports, cultural experiences, and leisure
activities.

ACTIVITIES
Hospitality
the practice of offering a warm and
generous welcome to guests, visitors,
or strangers. It involves creating a
comfortable, accommodating, and
enjoyable environment, often within
service-oriented contexts like hotels,
restaurants, and events. The Latin
word “hospes” means “guest”.
THE THREE PERSPECTIVES OF HOS P IT ALIT Y OFT EN C ON SIDERED AR E:

Guest Perspective: This focuses on how guests experience

and perceive hospitality services. It involves understanding
their needs, preferences, and satisfaction levels, and
ensuring that their expectations are met to create a positive
and memorable experience.
Operator Perspective: This centers on the practical aspects
of managing and delivering hospitality services. It includes
overseeing daily operations, staff training, and maintaining
service standards to ensure efficient and high-quality service
delivery.
Tech Perspective: This involves the use of technology to
enhance and streamline hospitality services. It includes
implementing systems for reservations, customer relationship
management, service automation, and digital interactions to
improve efficiency, guest experience, and overall service
quality.
Tourist
is a person who travels to a destination
away from their usual place of
residence for leisure, recreation, or
exploration. The purpose of their travel
is typically to experience new places,
cultures, or activities, and they usually
do not intend to stay permanently.
Excursionist
usually makes shorter visits, often for a
day trip or brief outing. Their travel
focuses on a specific activity or
attraction, such as a day tour or a visit
to a particular landmark. Excursionists
typically return to their place of
residence the same day or shortly after.
Their travel is more centered around a
single experience rather than extended
exploration of the destination.
FACTORS THAT I N FLUEN CE TOURIS T BEHAV IOR
Geographical Factors: The location of a tourist’s
home can influence their travel behavior. Proximity
to certain destinations, climate conditions, and
regional attractions all play a role in determining
where people choose to travel.
Social Factors: Social influences, including
recommendations from friends, family, and social
media, significantly affect tourist behavior. Trends
and social networks can sway decisions on
Tourism Destination: The characteristics and appeal destinations and activities.
of a tourism destination itself—such as its Place of Origin: The cultural, economic, and
attractions, infrastructure, and reputation—affect environmental context of a tourist’s place of origin
tourist decisions. Features like cultural landmarks, impacts their travel behavior. Tourists may seek
recreational opportunities, and overall destination destinations that offer contrasting experiences or
quality can attract or deter visitors based on their align with their cultural values.
interests and expectations.
Education of Tourist: The level of education and
knowledge of a tourist can influence their travel
behavior. Educated travelers might seek
destinations with rich historical and cultural
significance or those that offer learning
opportunities. Their awareness and understanding
of different cultures and destinations can shape
their travel preferences and choices.
The tourism and hospitality industry services
are characterized by several key features
that distinguish them from goods. These
characteristics include:

Intangibility:
Services cannot be touched, seen, or
owned in the same way as physical goods.

Inseparability:
Services are often produced and consumed
simultaneously.
Perishability:
Services cannot be stored or inventoried.

Variability:
The quality and nature of services can vary
greatly depending on who provides them,
when, and where.

Heterogeneity:
Services are often customized to meet the
specific needs of individual customers.This
customization adds to the variability and
uniqueness of the service.
The tourism and hospitality industry
has several distinct characteristics
that define its operation and
impact. These include:
Dynamic: The tourism and hospitality industry
is constantly evolving, with shifts in trends,
customer preferences, and technological
advancements influencing how services are
delivered and experienced.
Seasonal: The industry experiences fluctuations
in demand based on seasons, holidays, and
special events.
Labor Extensive: The industry relies heavily on
human resources, with a significant portion of
its operations involving direct customer
service.
People Oriented: The focus of the tourism and
hospitality industry is on delivering exceptional
experiences and personalized service to
people.
Multidimensional Phenomenon: The industry
encompasses a wide range of activities and
services, including accommodation, food and
beverage, transportation, and entertainment.
Unlimited: The possibilities within the tourism
and hospitality industry are virtually limitless,
with an endless array of destinations,
activities, and experiences available to
travelers.
 Importance of the tourism and
hospitality
Economic Progression:
The hospitality and tourism industry drives economic growth by investing in
infrastructure, stimulating local businesses, and supporting sectors like
construction, retail, and agriculture, promoting overall development and
stability.
Generation of Employment:
The industry, including hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, tour operators,
and transportation services, offers diverse job opportunities, contributing to
job creation and reducing unemployment.
Promotion of Culture and Cultural Exchange: Hospitality and tourism foster
cultural awareness by introducing travelers to diverse cultures, traditions,
and lifestyles, promoting mutual respect and understanding, enriching both
visitors and host communities.
Societal Progress:
The industry enhances societal progress by improving infrastructure,
services, and community engagement, providing recreational
opportunities, and promoting public amenities and community involvement.
Significance to Education:
Tourism and hospitality provide extensive educational opportunities, including specialized
training programs and certifications, fostering a skilled workforce and promoting professional
growth within the industry.
Dispersion of Development:
The industry promotes tourism, promoting economic benefits across regions, encouraging
development, infrastructure improvement, and local entrepreneurship, thus reducing regional
disparities.
Environmental and Cultural Preservation:
Sustainable tourism promotes responsible travel, conservation efforts, and historical site
protection, contributing to the preservation of ecosystems and cultural landmarks.
Building Strong Relationships Between Countries:
Tourism promotes international relationships, diplomatic ties, cross-cultural interactions, global
connections, and cooperation by bringing people from diverse countries together.
Foreign Exchange Earnings:
The hospitality and tourism industry generates significant foreign exchange earnings through
international visitor spending, supporting national economies, stabilizing exchange rates, and
contributing to overall financial health.
END OF CHAPTER 1