1. Oncogenes have been implicated in the development of a number of human neoplasms.

Oncogene
activation is believed to be required for oncogenesis, the following are potential mechanisms, except:
A. Chromosome translocation
B. DNA point mutation
C. Amplification
D. Gene deletion.
E. chromosome deletion
2. A malignant neoplasm derived from epithelial cells is referred as:
A. sarcoma
B. carcinoma
C. teratoma
D. mixed cell tumor
E. adenoma
3. Which one of the following features is more characteristic of a benign than a malignant neoplasm
A. grows by expansion and implantation occurs frequently
B. metastasizes if the brain is the site of origin
C. usually non-encapsulated and necrosis seldom occurs
D. tend to recur after surgical removal
E. usually occur singly and do not recur after surgical removal
4. Which of the following is an appropriate definition of a neoplasm?
A. the term neoplasm refers to a new growth of tissue in which the growth rate is simular and is
coordinated with that of normal tissue; it serves no useful function, and persists in the same
excessive manner after cessation of the stimuli which evoked the change
B. the term neoplasm refers to a new growth of tissue in which the growth rate exceeds and is
uncoordinated with that of normal tissue; it serves no useful function, and regulatory
mechanisms of cell contact inhibition, differentiation, and mitosis are defective; it persists in
the same excessive manner after cessation of the stimuli which evoked the change.
C. the term neoplasm refers to a controlled new growth of cells in which regulatory mechanisms
of differentiation and mitosis are defective, but cell contact inhibition is normal; such a growth
abates when the inciting stimulus is removed and/or destroyed
D. the term neoplasm refers simply to a swelling of tissue; however, the term is often used
synonymously with cancer.
E. the term neoplasia refers to a new growth of cells that is welldifferentiated, is not life-
threatening, grows rather slowly, will not metastasize, and is amendable to treatment.
5. The cell cycle consists of how many phases?
A. 8
B. 6
C. 5
D. 4
E. 3
6. DNA viruses have been implicated as etiologic agents in several human tumors. Evidence for a
causative role exists for the following neoplasms
A. breast carcinoma
B. oral cavity carcinoma
C. cervical carcinoma
D. esophageal carcinoma
E. all the above
7.Which one of the following is not particulate radiation
A. neutrons
B. gamma particles
C. pi meson
D. electrons
E. alpha particles.
8. Inwhich part of breast is malignant tumor most frequently located?
A. upper external quadrant
B. lower external quadrant
C. upper internal quadrant
D. lower internal quadrant
E. central area
9. Which factor is prominent for the development of breast cancer?
A. High levelestrogene
B. Smoking
C. Obesity
D. Pollution of environment
E. Using of contraception
10. Which is the strongest predictor of an increased risk of breast cancer in a 40 years woman:
A. Early menarche
B. Late first pregnancy > 30 years
C. Previous breast carcinoma in contralateral breast
D. Mother with breast cancer at age 70
E. Hormone replacement therapy
11. Which method is distinguished for confirmation of breast cancer ?
A. Clinical method
B. Ultrasound examination
C. Barium Enema Radiography
D. Biopsy
E. Computerized Tomography
12. A woman 60-year-old with a breast cancer T1N0M0. The best choice of treathment would be?
A. Radical mastectomy
B. Radical quadrantectomy
C. Ovariectomy
D. Amputation of breast
E. Sectoral resection
13.Oesophageal cancer is associated with following factors ,exept
A. Alcohol abuse
B. Corrosive-associated damage
C. Achalasia
D. Reflux
E. Smoking
14.the following are common risk factors for esophageal carcinoma except:
A. Females are more frequently affected
B. The 5-year survival rate is < 5%
C. Dysphagia is common
D. Adenocarcinoma usually arises in the region of Barett’s esophagus
E. Iron deficiency anemia is a common clinical feature
15. Best method of diagnosis of esophageal cancer is
A. X-Ray examination with contrast medium
B. Computer tomography
C. Oesophagoscopy with biopsy
D. Ultrasound examination
E. Mediastinoscopy
16. What is basic to choice surgical method of treatment oesophageal cancer?
A. Stage ofthe disease
B. Localisation of tumor.
C. General condition of patient
D. Heavy concominant diseases
E. All the above factors.
17. A Patient, 58-year-old, after checkup in oncology center has diagnosis with cancer of cervical part
of oesophagus T2N0M0. What method of treatment is the best?
A. Chemotherapy.
B. Gastrostomy
C. Operation of Lewes
D. Radiation therapy
E. Operatin of Garloc
18. Which country has the highest level of incidence of oesophageus cancer?
A. Ukraine
B. china
C. USA
D. Australia
E. Poland
19. No evidence of primary tumor , corresponding to one of the following
A. T1
B. T2
C. T3
D. T4
E. T0
20. Most common site for squamous cell carcinoma is
A. upper third
B. middle third
C. lower third
D. gastro-esophageal junction
E. upper and middle thirds.
21. Which of the following not a risk factors for head and neck cancers
A. smoking
B. alcohol
C. chronic irritation.
D. tonsillitis
E. HPV
22. Which of the following is the commonest presentation of nasophareangeal carcinoma
A. nasal bleeding
B. cervical mass.
C. dry eyes
D. opthalmoplegia
E. diplopia .
23. Which of the following not part of oropharynx :
A. tonsils
B. uvula
C. softpalate
D. hardpalate
E. base of the tongue.
24. The hypopharynx consist of all the following regions Except:
A. Pyrifom sinuses
B. Posterior pharyngeal wall
 C. Anterior pharyngeal wall
D. Postcricoid area
E. None of the above
25. The following are common presentation in cervical carcinoma ,exept :
A. postmenpausal vaginal bleeding
B. pelvic pain
C. irregular cycle.
D. amenorrhea
E. vaginal discharge.
26.The following are risk facrots for cervicalcancer except
A. HPV type 18
B. multiparity
C. HPV type 16
D. smoking
E. nuliparity.
27.Concerning the treatment of early cervical cancer ,the best option is
A. chemtherapy
B. radiotherapy.
C. chemo-radiotherapy
D. surgery
E. all the above
28.The most common side effects of chemotherapy is
A. myelosuppression
B. renal dysfunction
C. liver dysfunction
D. nausea and vomiting
E. alopecia .
29.In which of the following head and neck cancers lymph node metastasis is rare
A. tongue
B. glottis
C. buccal mucosa.
D. lower lips.
E. floor of the mouth
30.which of the following has no ionization effects
A. photon
B. electron
C. protpn
D. laser.
E. gamma rays.