PROFESSIONAL GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

MODEL EXAM DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
GAS DYNAMICS AND JET PROPULSION MODEL EXAM
Year/Sem: III/VI Total Marks: 100 GAS DYNAMICS AND JET PROPULSION
Date: Duration: 3 Hrs Year/Sem: III/VI Total Marks: 100
Date: Duration: 3 Hrs
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS
PART-A (10 x 2 = 20) ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS
1. Define stagnation pressure. PART-A (10 x 2 = 20)
2. Express the stagnation enthalpy in terms of static 1. Define stagnation pressure.
enthalpy and velocity of flow. 2. Express the stagnation enthalpy in terms of static
3. Explain Mach cone and Mach angle. enthalpy and velocity of flow.
4. Distinguish between Mach wave and normal shock. 3. Explain Mach cone and Mach angle.
5. Differentiate Fanno flow and Rayleigh flow. 4. Distinguish between Mach wave and normal shock.
6. What are the assumptions made for Fanno flow? 5. Differentiate Fanno flow and Rayleigh flow.
7. Give two practical examples for Rayleigh flow. 6. What are the assumptions made for Fanno flow?
8. Sketch the Rayleigh line on the T-S plane and 7. Give two practical examples for Rayleigh flow.
explain the significance of it. 8. Sketch the Rayleigh line on the T-S plane and
9. Define strength of shock wave. explain the significance of it.
10. What is Prandtl-Mayer flows? 9. Define strength of shock wave.
10. What is Prandtl-Mayer flows?
ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS
PART-B (5 x 16 = 80) ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS
1. a. What is the effect of Mach number on PART-B (5 x 16 = 80)
Compressibility? Prove for γ = 1.4. 1. a. What is the effect of Mach number on
P o−P Compressibility? Prove for γ = 1.4.
1 2 1 4 P o−P
1 2 =1+ M + M 1 2 1
ρc 4 40 1 2 =1+ M + M
4
2 ρc 4 40
(OR) 2
b. Air is discharged from a receiver at p o = 6.91 (OR)
bar and To= 325°C through a nozzle to an exit b. Air is discharged from a receiver at p o = 6.91
pressure of 0.98 bar. If the flow rate is 3600 bar and To= 325°C through a nozzle to an exit
kg/h. Determine for isentropic flow. (1.) Area, pressure of 0.98 bar. If the flow rate is 3600
pressure and velocity at throat. (2.) Area and kg/h. Determine for isentropic flow. (1.) Area,
Mach number of exit (3.) Maximum possible pressure and velocity at throat. (2.) Area and
velocity. Mach number of exit (3.) Maximum possible
velocity.
2. a. Derive an expression for the acoustic
velocity of a compressible fluid flow in terms 2. a. Derive an expression for the acoustic
of its temperature. velocity of a compressible fluid flow in terms
(OR) of its temperature.
b. Air (γ = 1.4, R = 287.43 J/Kg-K) enters a (OR)
straight axi-symmetric duct at 300 K, 3.45 bar b. Air (γ = 1.4, R = 287.43 J/Kg-K) enters a
and 150 m/s and leaves it at 277 K, 2.058 bar straight axi-symmetric duct at 300 K, 3.45 bar
and 260 m/s. The area of cross-section at entry and 150 m/s and leaves it at 277 K, 2.058 bar
is 500 cm2. Assuming adiabatic flow and 260 m/s. The area of cross-section at entry
determine: is 500 cm2. Assuming adiabatic flow
i. Stagnation temperature determine:
ii. Maximum velocity i. Stagnation temperature
iii. Mass flow rate and ii. Maximum velocity
iv. Area of cross-section at exit. iii. Mass flow rate and
iv. Area of cross-section at exit.
3. a. A combustion chamber in a gas turbine plant
receives air at 350 K, 0.55 bar and 75 m/s. The 3. a. A combustion chamber in a gas turbine plant
air-fuel ratio is 29 and the calorific value of the receives air at 350 K, 0.55 bar and 75 m/s. The
fuel is 41.87 MJ/kg. Taking γ = 1.4 and R = air-fuel ratio is 29 and the calorific value of the
0.287 kJ/kg K for the gas determine:
 fuel is 41.87 MJ/kg. Taking γ = 1.4 and R =
0.287 kJ/kg K for the gas determine:

i. The initial and final Mach numbers i. The initial and final Mach numbers
ii. Final pressure, temperature and velocity ii. Final pressure, temperature and velocity
of the gas. of the gas.
iii. Percent stagnation pressure loss in the iii. Percent stagnation pressure loss in the
combustion chamber and combustion chamber and
iv. The maximum stagnation temperature iv. The maximum stagnation temperature
attainable. attainable.
(OR) (OR)
b. Air at Po = 10 bar, To = 400 K is supplied to b. Air at Po = 10 bar, To = 400 K is supplied to
a 50 mm diameter pipe. The friction factor for a 50 mm diameter pipe. The friction factor for
the pipe surface is 0.002. If the Mach number the pipe surface is 0.002. If the Mach number
changes from 3.0 at the entry to 1.0 at the exit changes from 3.0 at the entry to 1.0 at the exit
determine: determine:
i. The length of the pipe and i. The length of the pipe and
ii. The mass flow rate. ii. The mass flow rate.

4. a. A circular duct passes 8.25 kg/s of air at an 4. a. A circular duct passes 8.25 kg/s of air at an
exit Mach number of 0.5. The entry pressure exit Mach number of 0.5. The entry pressure
and temperature are 3.5 bar and 38°C and temperature are 3.5 bar and 38°C
respectively and coefficient of friction is 0.005. respectively and coefficient of friction is 0.005.
If the Mach number at entry is 0.15, determine If the Mach number at entry is 0.15, determine
i. Diameter of the duct, i. Diameter of the duct,
ii. Length of the duct, ii. Length of the duct,
iii. Pressure and temperature at the exit, iii. Pressure and temperature at the exit,
iv. Stagnation pressure loss. iv. Stagnation pressure loss.
(OR) (OR)
b. Air enters a pipe of 25 mm diameter at a b. Air enters a pipe of 25 mm diameter at a
Mach number of 2.4 stagnation temperatures of Mach number of 2.4 stagnation temperatures of
300 K and static pressure of 0.5 bar. If the co- 300 K and static pressure of 0.5 bar. If the co-
efficient of friction is 0.003, determine the efficient of friction is 0.003, determine the
following for a section at which the Mach following for a section at which the Mach
number reaches 1.2. number reaches 1.2.
i. Static pressure and temperature i. Static pressure and temperature
ii. Stagnation pressure and temperature ii. Stagnation pressure and temperature
iii. Velocity of air iii. Velocity of air
iv. Distance of this section from the inlet iv. Distance of this section from the inlet
v. Mass flow rate. v. Mass flow rate.

5. a. Starting from the energy equation for flow 5. a. Starting from the energy equation for flow
through a normal shock obtain the following through a normal shock obtain the following
relation. [Prandtl-Meyer relation][i] cx x cy = relation. [Prandtl-Meyer relation][i] cx x cy =
a*2[ii] Mx* x My* = 1 a*2[ii] Mx* x My* = 1
(OR) (OR)
b. A jet of air entering the subsonic diffuser at b. A jet of air entering the subsonic diffuser at
Po = 1 bar and T = 280 K. The entry Mach Po = 1 bar and T = 280 K. The entry Mach
number is 2 and the ratio of the exit to entry number is 2 and the ratio of the exit to entry
area of the diffuser is 4. if there is a normal area of the diffuser is 4. if there is a normal
shock wave just outside the diffuser entry, shock wave just outside the diffuser entry,
determine the following for exit. determine the following for exit.
i. Mach number i. Mach number
ii. Temperature ii. Temperature
iii. Pressure iii. Pressure
iv. Stagnation pressure loss. iv. Stagnation pressure loss.