Solutions to MCRTA 1

1. ω A = {a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 } ⇒√
400
≥
80
B = {b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4 , b 5 } n n
⇒
5 5 400 6400
Given, ∑ ai = 25, ∑ bi = 40
≥
n n2
i=1 i=1 ⇒ n 2 − 16n ≥ 0
⇒ n(n − 16) ≥ 0
5 5 2 5 5 2
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞
∑ a 2i ∑ b 2i
⇒ n ≥ 16 or n ≤ 0 (rejected as n cannot be negative)
∑ ai ∑ bi

⇒ n ≥ 16
i=1 i=1 i=1 i=1
− = 12, − = 20

Now, C = {C 1 , C 2 , . . . . C 10 }

∴ Mean of C, C =
–

–
C=

=
10 + 50

2
∴σ =
10
10
=6

∑ C i2
i=1
10
(∑ a i − 15) + (∑ b i − 10)

= (C) 2

∑(a i − 3) 2 + ∑ b i − 2) 2
10
10

− (6) 2

∑ a 2i + ∑ b 2i − 6 ∑ a i + 4 ∑ b i + 65
10
185 + 420 − 150 + 160 + 65
10
− 36 = 32
− 36
⇒
2
5

Mean =

=
1
100
= 101 {
{
100
⇒ 4 + 99d = 400
⇒d=4
y i = i(xi − 1)

∑ yi
100
1 100 2
⎜⎟ ⎜⎟
⎝

∑ 3i − 2i
100 i=1
5

⇒ ∑ a 2i = 185, ∑ b 2i = 420
Mean = 200
100
i=1
(2 × 2 + 99d)
= 200

3 × 100 × 101 × 201

201

= 10049.50
2
6
5

i=1

= i(2 + (i − 1)4 − i) = 3i 2 − 2i

− 1} = 101 × 99.5
⎠

2 × 100 × 101
2
}
5
⎝
5
⎠

5.
Hence, out of the given options the possible value of
n = 18.

∴ Mean + Variance = C + σ = 6 + 32 = 38
–
6.
2
R 1 = {(x, y) : 2x − 3y = 2}
2. Given: R = {(4, 5); (1, 4); (4, 6); (7, 6); (3, 7)} R 2 = {(x, y) : −5x + 4y = 0}
Thus, we have R = {(5, 4); (4, 1); (6, 4); (6, 7); (7, 3)}.
−1
2x − 3y = 2
To obtain the elements of R −1 oR we first pick the So 2x and 3y both has to be even or odd simultaneously
element of R and then of R −1 . Since (4, 5) ∈ R and and 2x can’t be odd so 2x and 3y both will be even
(5, 4) ∈ R −1 , we have (4, 4) ∈ R −1 oR R 1 = {(4, 2), (7, 4), (10, 6), (13, 8), (16, 10), (19, 12)}
Similarly, (1, 4) ∈ R, (4, 1) ∈ R −1 ⇒ (1, 1) ∈ R −1 oR For symmetric we need to add 6 elements as
(2, 4), (4, 7), (6, 10), (8, 13), (10, 16), (12, 19)
(4, 6) ∈ R, (6, 7) ∈ R −1 ⇒ (4, 7) ∈ R −1 oR
M=6
(7, 6) ∈ R, (6, 4) ∈ R −1 ⇒ (7, 4) ∈ R −1 oR For R 2 − 5x + 4y = 0
(7, 6) ∈ R, (6, 7) ∈ R −1 ⇒ (7, 7) ∈ R −1 oR 5x and 4y has to be equal 4y is always even so 5x will
also be even
(3, 7) ∈ R, (7, 3) ∈ R −1 ⇒ (3, 3) ∈ R −1 oR
R 2 = {(4, 5), (8, 10), (12, 15), (16, 20)}
Hence, R −1 oR = {(1, 1); (4, 4); (4, 7); (7, 4), (7, 7); (3, 3)}. For symmetric we need to add 4 element as
From the given data we can observe that each section
(5, 4)(10, 8)(15, 12)(20, 16)
3.
has 10 students and the height of students is
N =4
increasing by exactly 1 unit in each section.
N + N = 6 + 4 = 10
We know that if each observation is increased by a 7. Given that in a battle let total persons fought
same quantity then the variance remains unchanged for n(U) = 100
all observations. 70% of the combatants lost one eye ⇒ n(A) = 70
Hence variance for each section will be the same.
Hence σ A : σ B : σ C = 1 : 1 : 1 80% of the combatants lost an ear ⇒ n(B) = 80
75% of the combatants lost an arm ⇒ n(C) = 75
4. Given that x 1 , x 2 , . . . . . . , x n be n observations such that 85% of the combatants lost a leg ⇒ n(D) = 85
Σx 21 = 400 and Σx i = 80.
Let the number of combatants who lost all four limbs
Since we know that are n(A ∩ B ∩ C ∩ D) = x (given)
the root mean square≥ arithmetic mean x = n(A ∩ B ∩ C ∩ D) = n(U) − [n(A c ) ∪ n(B c ) ∪ n(C c ) ∪ n(D c )] . . . . . (i)
(where n(P ) is the number of elements in the
 n n c
∑ x 21
complement set of set P )
∑ xi
⇒⎷ for the minimum value of x
 i=1
n
≥
i=1
n [n(A c ) ∪ n(B c ) ∪ n(C c ) ∪ n(D c )] = [n(A c ) + n(B c ) + n(C c ) + n(D c )]

Vishal Mahajan: 7566662489

 Solutions to MCRTA 1
put in equation (i) Which is true for P = I
x min = n(A ∩ B ∩ C ∩ D) = n(U) − [n(A c ) + n(B c ) + n(C c ) + n(D c )] . . . . . (ii) ∴ R is reflexive
Now, For symmetric
n(A c ) = n(U) − n(A) = 100 − 70 = 30 ⇒
If (A, B) ∈ R (B, A) ∈ R
n(B c ) = n(U) − n(B) = 100 − 80 = 20 i.e. if P AP –1 = B is true then P BP –1 = A must also be
n(C c ) = n(U) − n(C) = 100 − 75 = 25 true
n(D c ) = n(U) − n(D) = 100 − 85 = 15 Now we have P AP −1 = B
put all these values in the equation (ii) Pre-multiply with P −1 on both the sides
x min = 100 − (30 + 20 + 25 + 15)) P −1 P AP −1 = P −1 B
IAP −1 = P −1 B
Post multiply with P both sides
x min = 100 − 90
x min = 10
AP −1 P = P −1 BP
8. For S A = P −1 BP
a a But for (B, A) ∈ R, we must have P BP –1 = A
If 2 + > 0 or > −2
b b And in that case P −1 BP = P BP −1
b Which can be true if P = P −1
⇒ > −2 ∴ not symmetric So R can be symmetric
a
For T For transitive
a 2 − b 2 ∈ I ⇒ b 2 − a 2 ∈ I ∀ a, b ∈ R
If (A, B) ∈ R and (B, C) ∈ R
∴ T is symmetric but S is not.
⇒ (A, C) ∈ R
i.e. if P AP –1 = B is true and P BP –1 = C is true
9.
We have given x (mean) = Then P AP –1 = C must also be true
– 6
5
Now let P AP –1 = B . . (i) and P BP –1 = C
Variance =
84 . . (ii)
25 Put value of B from (i) in (ii)
10
i.e. P (P AP −1 )P –1 = C
∑(x i − α) = 2
P 2 A(P 2 ) −1 = C
⇒ ARC which is true if the matrix is P 2
i=1
⇒ x 1 + x 2 +. . . +x 10 − 10α = 2
∴ R is transitive
⇒
x 1 + x 2 +. . . +x 10 2
As R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive
−α=
10 10
Hence R is an equivalence relation
⇒ −α=
6 2
5 10 11. ∑ x 1 = 15 × 20 = 300
⇒α=1
. . (i)
∑ x 21
10 = (15) 2 = 9
and ∑(x i − β) 2 = 40
. . (ii)
20
2
i=1 ∑ x 1 − 234 × 20 = 4680
2 2
(x 1 − β) + (x 2 − β) +. . . +(x 10 − β) = 40 2 ∑(x 1 + α) 2
2 2 2 2 = 178 ⇒ ∑(x 1 + α) 2 = 3560
x 1 + x 2 +. . . x 10 + 10β − 2β(x 1 + x 2 +. . . +x 10 ) = 40 20
x 21 + x 22 +. . . +x 210 ⇒∑ x 21 + 2α + 2α ∑ x 1 + ∑ α 2 = 3560
⇒
2β(x 1 + x 2 +. . . +x 10 )
+ β2 − =4 4680 + 600a + 20α 2 = 3560
⇒ a 2 + 30α + 56 = 0
10 10
2 2 2
⇒ 1
x + x 2 +. . . +x 10 36 36 6
⇒ (α + 28)(α + 2) = 0
− + + β 2 − 2β × = 4
10 25 25 5
10
⎡ 2 ⎤ α = −2, −28
Square of maximum value of α is 4
∑ xi
– i=1
− (x) 2
12. Given :
Variance =
n

10.
⎢⎥
⎣

⇒
84
25
120
25
+
36
25
+ β2 −

+ β2 −
12β
5
12β
5
−4=0
⇒ 25β 2 − 60β + 20 = 0
⇒ 5β 2 − 12β + 4 = 0
⇒ β = 2,
Take β = 2
β
α

⇒
= =2
2
1
2
5

For reflexive
(A, A) ∈ R
P AP –1 =A
−4=0
⎦

Observation I

Observation II

Var: σ 2 =

For Group I
n

Mean: x̄ = 2
And we know x̄ =

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∑ xi
n
Size

10

n
Mean

3
Variance

Variance of the observation is given by the formula

∑ x 2i
− (x̄) 2 , where x i denotes the
observations, x̄ denotes the mean and n is the number
of observation
 Solutions to MCRTA 1

⇒ 14.
∑ xi S = {4, 6, 9} T = {9, 10, 11?.1000}
=2
10 A{a 1 + a 2 +. . . . . +a k : K ∈ N} & a i ∈ S
⇒ ∑ x i = 20 Here by the definition of set ′ A ′
Also Variance(σ 2 )=2 A = {a : a = 4x + 6y + 9z}
∑ x 2i Except the element 11, every element of set T
⇒ − (2) 2 = 2 is of the form 4x + 6y + 9z for some x, y, z ∈ W
10
⇒ ∑ x 2i = 60 ∴ T − A = {11}
Ans. 11
Similarly for Group II
Mean: ȳ = 3 15. (x − 3) 2 (y − 4) 2
S: + ≤ 1; x, y ∈ {1, 2, 3, . . . . . . . }
And we know ȳ =
∑ yi 16 9
n 2 2
T : (x − 7) + (y − 4) ≤ 36x, y ∈ R
⇒
∑ yi
=3 Let x − 3 = x : y − 4 = y
n x2 y2
⇒ ∑ y i = 3n S:
16
+
9
≤ 1; x ∈ {−2, −1, 0, 1, . . . . . . }
Also Variance(σ 2 )=1 T : (x − 4) + y 2 ≤ 36; y ∈ {−3, −2, −1, 0, . . . . . . . }
2

∑ y 2i
⇒ − (3) 2 = 1
n
⇒ ∑ y 2i = 10n
Now formula for combined variance is given as
∑(x 2i + y 2i ) ∑(x i + y i ) 2
Var = −( )
10 + n 10 + n
2
⇒
60 + 10n 20 + 3n 17
−( ) =
10 + n 10 + n 9
(60 + 10n)(10 + n) − (20 + 3n) 2
⇒
17
=
(10 + n) 2 9
(600 + 160n + 10n 2 ) − (400 + 9n 2 + 120n)
⇒
17
2
=
100 + n + 20n 9
⇒
200 + 40n + n 2 17
=
100 + n 2 + 20n 9
⇒ 9(200 + 40n + n 2 ) = 17(100 + n 2 + 20n)
⇒ 8n 2 − 20n − 100 = 0 S ∩ T = (−2, 0), (−1, 0), . . . . . (4, 0) → (7)
⇒ 2n 2 − 5n − 25 = 0 (−1, 1), (0, 1), . . . . . . . . (3, 1) → (5)

⇒ (2n + 5)(n − 5) = 0 ⇒ n =
−5 (−1, −1), (0, −1), . . . . . . . . (3, −1) → (5)
,5 (−1, 2), (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2) → (4)
2
↓ (−1, −2), (0, −2), (1, −2), (2, −2) → (4)
(Rejected)

⇒n=5
(0, 3)(0, −3) → (2)

16. a, b, c ∈ N
a<b<c
Mean = 18
9 + 25 + a + b + c
= 18
5
13. Here, p, p n ∈ {1, 2, . . . . .50}
34 + a + b + c = 90
Now p can take values a + b + c = 56
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43 and 47. |9 − 18| + |25 − 18| + |a − 18| + |b − 18| + |c − 18|
∴ we can calculate no. of elements in R, as
=4
5
(2, 2 ∘ ), (2, 2 1 ). . (2, 2 5 ) 9 + 7 + |a − 18| + |b − 18| + |c − 18| = 20
(3, 3 ∘ ), . . . . (3, 3 3 )
|a − 18| + |b − 18| + |c − 18| = 4
(5, 5 ∘ ), . . . . (5, 5 2 )
(7, 7 ∘ ), . . . . (7, 7 2 ) 136 706 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2
= − (18) 2
(11, 11 ∘ ), . . . . (11, 11 1 ) 5 5
And rest for all other two elements each ⇒ 136 = 706 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − 1620
⇒ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1050
∴ n(R 1 ) = 6 + 4 + 3 + 3 + (2 × 10) = 36
Similarly for R 2
(2, 2 ∘ ), (2, 2 1 ) Consider a < 19 < b < c
(47, 47 ∘ ), (47, 47 1 ) Solving a = 17, b = 19, c = 20
∴ n(R 2 ) = 2 × 14 = 28
2a + b − c
∴ n(R 1 ) − n(R 2 ) = 36 − 28 = 8
34 + 19 − 20

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 Solutions to MCRTA 1

= 33 n(C ∪ P ∪ M) ≤ n(U) = 40.

17. x + 2y + 3z = 42 n(C) + n(P ) + n(M) − n(C ∩ M) − n(P ∩ M) − n(C ∩ p) + n(C ∩ P ∩ M) ≤ 40

x, y, z ≥ 0 20 + 25 + 16 − 11 − 15 − 15 + x ≤ 40
as x ≤ 20
But 11 − x ≥ 0 and 15 − x ≥ 0
z = 0 x + 2y = 42 ⇒ 22 cases
⇒ x ≥ 11
z = 1 x + 2y = 39 ⇒ 20 cases
z = 2 x + 2y = 36 ⇒ 19 cases
z = 3 x + 2y = 33 ⇒ 17 cases 19. Out of the given numbers one is (3k) type and 3 of
z = 4 x + 2y = 30 ⇒ 16 cases (3k + 1) type and remaining 3 are (3k + 2) type
z = 5 x + 2y = 27 ⇒ 14 cases Number of subsets of 1 element = 1
(1 of 3k type)
z = 6 x + 2y = 24 ⇒ 13 cases Number of subsets of 2 elements
z = 7 x + 2y = 21 ⇒ 11 cases 1 of (3k + 1) type +1 of (3k + 2) type = 9
z = 8 x + 2y = 18 ⇒ 10 cases Number of subsets of 3 elements
z = 9 x + 2y = 15 ⇒ 8 cases 1 of 3k type +1 of (3k + 1) type +1 of (3k + 2) type = 9
z = 10 x + 2y = 12 ⇒ 7 cases 3 of (3k + 1) type = 1
z = 11 x + 2y = 9 ⇒ 5 cases 3 of (3k + 2) type = 1
Number of subsets of 4 elements
z = 12 x + 2y = 6 ⇒ 4 cases
1 of 3k type +3 of (3k + 1) type = 1
z = 13 x + 2y = 3 ⇒ 2 cases 1 of 3k type +3 of (3k + 2) type = 1
z = 14 x + 2y = 0 ⇒ 1 cases 2 of (3k + 1) type +2 of (3k + 2) type = 9
169 cases. Number of subsets of 5 elements
18.
1 of 3k + 2 of (3k + 1) type +2 of (3k + 2) type = 9
Number of subsets of 6 elements
n(M) = 20
3 of (3k + 1) type +3 of (3k + 2) type = 1
n(P ) = 25
The set itself = 1
n(C) = 16
Total = 43
n(M ∩ P ) = 11
n(P ∩ C) = 15
n(M ∩ C) = 15 20. 7
∑ |x i − 62| 2
i=1
20 =
7
⇒ |x 1 − 62| 2 + |x 2 − 62| 2 +. . . . . +|x 7 − 62| 2 = 140
If x 1 = 49
|49 − 62| 2 = 169
then,
|x 2 − 62| 2 +. . . . +|x 7 − 62| 2 = Negative Number which is
not possible, therefore, no student can fail.

Vishal Mahajan: 7566662489