DISASTER

RISK
REDUCTION
WEEK 2 MODULE 1: EFFECTS OF
DISASTERS IN ONE’S LIFE
PRAYER
Christian Prayer: Ms. Mary Rose Partosa

Muslim Prayer: Mr. Jameel Andongan

ENERGIZER: LET'S DANCE!
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

STERADIS
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

DISASTER
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

ORNCTEOITP
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

PROTECTION
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

ITIGAONMIT
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

MITIGATION
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

ERDPSENSPARE
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

PREPAREDNESS
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

OMUNMITYC
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

COMMUNITY
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

ABIULVENRTIYL
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

VULNERABILITY
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

SDAELURI IRKS
MOTIVATIONAL: FIX ME!

RESIDUAL RRISK
BY THE END OF THIS REPORT,
STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO:
A. IDENTIFY SPECIFIC HAZARDS THAT LEADS TO DISASTER;

B. DESCRIBE EFFECTS OF DISASTER IN ONE’S LIFE BASED ON

TYPES OF HAZARDS; AND

C. RELATE RISK FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE EXPERIENCES

TOWARD DISASTERS.
 DISASTER
A disaster is a calamitous event that
causes significant loss of life or
destruction to the environment,
property, or infrastructure. Disasters can
be caused by natural, human, or
technological hazards, and can be
sudden or unfold over a longer period of
time.
 HAZARDS THAT LEAD TO
DISASTERS
A natural disaster is the negative impact following an actual
occurrence of natural hazard in the event that it significantly harms a
community.

Geophysical hazards: Earthquakes, Floods and droughts

volcanic eruptions, landslides,
tsunamis, and snow avalanches
pollution in the air, water, and soil

There are natural hazards but no natural disasters. Disaster is the impact of hazard’s result to society. It is
therefore said that the effects of disaster is the influenced of vulnerability of community towards the nature
of hazards (the coping capacity). The entire result of vulnerability of a society is equated with its changing
factors such as economic, social, physical, cultural, political and psychological aspects where people lives
and create their environments. It is therefore emphasized that vulnerability of a society is not natural.
(Twigg, 2001)
 EFFECTS OF
DISASTERS TO ONE’S
LIFE

Disasters, whether natural or man-made, have profound and far-

reaching effects on an individual’s life. These impacts span
physical, emotional, social, economic, and psychological domains,
influencing both short-term and long-term well-being. The
upcoming slides are a detailed exploration of the multifaceted
effects of disasters on an individual’s life:
 1. Physical Effects

Disasters often result in direct physical harm to individuals. These include:

Injuries: People may sustain life-threatening or disabling injuries such as fractures,

burns, or lacerations. The severity of these injuries can lead to long-term disabilities
or require extensive medical treatment and rehabilitation.
Loss of Life: For many, the most devastating consequence is the loss of loved ones,
which can cause enduring grief and trauma.
Health Complications: Prolonged exposure to contaminated water, polluted air, or
unsanitary living conditions can lead to diseases such as cholera, respiratory
infections, and skin conditions.
Access to Healthcare: Disasters often overwhelm healthcare facilities, delaying
treatment for survivors and exacerbating the physical toll on those affected.
1. Physical Effects
 Emotional and
Psychological Effects
The emotional aftermath of a disaster can be profound and enduring:

Trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Witnessing destruction, death,

or personal loss can lead to deep psychological scars. Individuals may experience
flashbacks, nightmares, or heightened anxiety.
Grief and Loss: The sudden death of family members, friends, or community
members often results in intense emotional pain and mourning.
Anxiety and Depression: The uncertainty and loss associated with disasters often
trigger feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and despair.
Survivor’s Guilt: Those who survive when others perish may struggle with guilt,
questioning why they were spared.
Cognitive Impacts: Stress and trauma can impair memory, focus, and decision-
making, affecting daily functioning.
 Emotional and
Psychological Effects
 EMOTIONAL
AFTERSHOCK
Most stress symptoms are temporary and will resolve on their own in a fairly short amount of
time. However, for some people, particularly children and teens, these symptoms may last for
weeks or even months and may influence their relationships with families and friends.

Common warning signs of emotional distress include:

FOR ADULTS: Having low or no energy. Having unexplained aches and pains, such as
constant stomachaches or headaches. Feeling helpless or hopeless. Excessive smoking,
drinking, or using drugs, including prescription medications. Thinking of hurting or killing
yourself or someone else.

FOR KIDS: Withdrawing from playgroups and friends. Being unwilling to leave home. Being
less interested in schoolwork. Being aggressive.
 SOCIAL
EFFECTS
Disasters disrupt social networks and community structures:

Displacement and Migration: Many individuals lose their homes and are forced to
relocate to shelters or entirely new communities, disrupting social ties.
Breakdown of Community Support: Communities often serve as a source of
strength and solidarity. Disasters can fragment these networks, leaving
individuals feeling isolated.
Strain on Relationships: Stress and hardship can lead to conflicts within families
or communities, exacerbating feelings of isolation.
Loss of Cultural Identity: In cases where communities are completely displaced,
individuals may lose their connection to cultural traditions, heritage, or language.
SOCIAL
EFFECTS
 ECONOMIC EFFECTS

Financial loss is one of the most immediate and visible impacts of disasters:

Loss of Livelihood: Disasters can destroy workplaces, farmlands, factories, or

businesses, leading to unemployment and loss of income.
Increased Financial Burden: Repairing homes, replacing belongings, or
relocating can strain already limited resources.
Poverty and Economic Insecurity: For those living in poverty before the
disaster, the loss of assets or income can push them further into destitution.
Economic Dependency: Survivors may become dependent on government
aid or humanitarian assistance, affecting their sense of autonomy and
dignity.
ECONOMIC EFFECTS
 EDUCATIONAL
EFFECTS
The educational trajectory of individuals, particularly children, can be severely
disrupted:

School Closures: Disasters often damage educational infrastructure, leading

to prolonged school closures.
Interrupted Education: Families struggling with financial hardship may
prioritize survival over education, pulling children out of school to contribute
to income or household chores.
Psychological Barriers to Learning: Children who have experienced trauma
may struggle to focus or engage in their studies, leading to long-term
academic challenges.
 LONG-TERM
IMPLICATIONS
The long-term effects of disasters often linger well beyond the immediate
aftermath:

Chronic Health Issues: Injuries, stress, or exposure to hazardous

environments may result in long-term health problems.
Generational Impacts: Children who grow up in post-disaster environments
may carry the psychological and economic scars of the experience into
adulthood.
Rebuilding and Recovery: Recovery is often a prolonged and arduous
process, requiring individuals to adapt to a new reality while dealing with
bureaucratic, financial, and emotional hurdles.
 EFFECTS OF
DISASTERS TO ONE’S
LIFE

The effects of disasters on an individual’s life are complex and

multidimensional. While the immediate physical and emotional toll
can be overwhelming, the longer-term implications for health,
relationships, finances, and personal development can shape an
individual’s life trajectory in profound ways. Effective support
systems, community resilience, and targeted interventions are
essential to mitigate these impacts and help individuals rebuild
their lives.
Suppose there is a typhoon signal number three
that will strike two types of houses as pictured
below. What would be the effect of the typhoon
on the house? Compare the results during and
after the typhoon.
 RISK FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE EXPERIENCES
TOWARD DISASTERS
Physical factors: Psychological Socio-cultural
Infrastructure factors: Mental factors: Beliefs,
and the health and traditions, and social
availability of perception status
safety objects
Political factors: Economic factors:
Biological factors:
Government Assets, income, and
Environment, health,
structure and class
and diseases
diplomacy
 HOW TO PREVENT DISASTERS

Preparedness: Prepare for disasters by:

Creating a plan: Create a disaster plan that's tailored to your family, home, and the most likely
emergencies in your area

Practicing your plan: Practice your plan with your family regularly

Checking your supplies: Check your disaster supply kit every three months

Updating contact info: Update your emergency contact information as changes occur

Awareness: Raise awareness about potential hazards and how to address them

Education: Educate the public about how to properly prepare for different types of disasters

Prediction and warning systems: Install and strengthen prediction and warning systems
Conclusion
Disasters have different effects on one’s life,
ranging from minor to severe. These effects
have different factors that change the outcome
of the severity that these disasters bring. By
being prepared and aware you can prevent
these effects and have a safer and better life.
DISASTER FROM DIFFERENT
PERSPECTIVE
Physical Perspective:
From this view, disaster is defined as phenomenon that
can cause damage to physical elements such as buildings,
infrastructures, including people and their properties.
Physical effects are the most visible and quantifiable
effects of disaster.
Effects of Physical Disaster:
- Injuries
- Loss of life
- Damage to Infrastructure
Psychological Perspective:
Victims of disasters may suffer from Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other serious mental
health conditions, which are not being given much
attention to by the authorities or even by the victims,
themselves
Psychological effects of a Disaster:
distress hatred/revenge
hopelessness grief/withdrawn/isolation
intrusion/avoidance interpersonal effect
emotional effects guilt feeling helplessness
Socio-Cultural Perspective

what the people living at risk know and do

about natural hazards and disaster risks is
mediated by a range of factors including
social conditions and cultural settings in
most places are also more or less exposed by
information and ideas coming from the
outside - the world outside their own cultural
setting.
Economic Perspective:
Disasters affect the economic condition of a community
because they reduce local and international trade. It can also
partially or totally paralyze a country's transportation system,
just like what happened in the COVID19 pandemic.
Implemnentation of a partial and total shut down of local
business operations result to a lot of people losing means of
living.
Economic Effects of Disasters
loss of life
unemployment
loss of property
loss of crops
loss of public infrastructure
Political Perspective:
Natural disasters arecommonly thought to be less
politically argumentative than armed conficts, yet
acloser look shows that boththe effects of a natural
disaster and the resulting distribution of
humanitarian aid are profoundly linked to politics.

Political Effects of a Disaster

People who have trust in political institution will
assess the government’s risk assessments as
credible and accept their hazardpolicies (Johnson
1999)
Biological Perspective:
The disturbing effects caused by a prevalent kind of disease or
virus in an epidemic or pandemic level is known as biological
disaster.
Epidemic Level: Biological disaster afects large numbers of people
within a given community or area. Ex: Dengue.
Pandemic Level: Biological disaster affects a much large region,
sometime spanning entire continents or the globe

Effects of Biological Disasters

loss of lives
public demobilization
negative economic effect
unemployment
hunger
QUIZ
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best describe the idea.

____1. The degree of disaster in one’s life is influenced by the following factors except__
A. Capacity to cope B. vulnerability D. All of the above
C. exposure to hazard E. Only A and C

____2. The nature of risk is lessen when the capacity to cope is higher.
A. True B. False C. it depends D. Sometimes

____3. People’s life in a society is affected during and after disaster. Which is not a factor of the
effect of disaster?
A. Physical C. Socio-cultural B. Psychological D. Economic factors E. none of the above

____4. During a disaster, which group of people is the least vulnerable?

A. Men, women, old people C. Women, children, old people B. Men and Women D. none of the
above

____5. How would you generally describe the effects of disaster in one’s life?
A. Older people are more vulnerable B. Children’s capacity to cope depends on their parents C.
Psychologically; men, women, children, and older people have their own degree of fear towards
disaster. D. The degree of impact of disaster varies from one person to another.
6. - 10. GIVE 5 EFFECTS OF
DISASTERS TO ONE’S LIFE

11. - 15. GIVE 5 RISK FACTORS THAT

INFLUENCE EXPERIENCES TOWARD
DISASTERS
1.Victims of disasters may suffer from
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
and other serious mental health
conditions.
2.What the people living at risk know and do about
natural hazards and disaster risks is mediated by a
range of factors including social conditions and
cultural settings in most places are also more or less
exposed by information and ideas coming from the
outside - the world outside their own cultural
setting
6. - 10. GIVE 5 EFFECTS OF
DISASTERS TO ONE’S LIFE

11. - 15. GIVE 5 RISK FACTORS THAT

INFLUENCE EXPERIENCES TOWARD
DISASTERS
THANK
YOU!