PHYSICS [Max.

Marks : 70
General Instructions:
The question paper is divided into four sections :
(1) Section A: Q. No. 1 contains Ten l· •
mu ttp1e choice type of questions carrying One mark each.
Q. No. 2 contains Eight
very short answer type of questions carrying One mark each.
(2) Section B : Q. No . 3 to Q No 14 c t · T
(Attempt any.Ei~ht) on am welve short answer type of questions carrying Two marks each.
(3) Section C: Q. No. 15 to Q No 26 c t · T l
·
(.'Atte mpt any E. ight) on am we ve short answer type of questions carrying Three marks each.
(4) Section D : Q No 2 7 to Q N 31
· t any Three)
(.Attemp · 0
contain Five long answer type of questions carrying Four marks each.
·

(5) Use of the log table is allowed. Use of calculator is not allowed.
(6) Figures to be right indicate full marks.
(7) For each multiple choice type 0 r t' · · · · l hab e t•
'J ques zon, it is mandatory to write the correct answer along with its a P
e.g. (a) .. .... / {b) .. .. .. / {c) ...... / {d) ......
· ·
No mark(s) shall be given ONLY
. iif- - the correc t answer or the alphabet of the correct answer ts wntten.
Only the first attempt will be considered for evaluation.
(8) Physical Constants :
(i) Mass of electron, m = 9.1 x 10-J 1 kg (ii) £ 0 = 8.85 x 10- 12 C2 / Nm 2 (iii) g = 9.8 m/s2
(iv) Charge on electron, e = 1.6 x 10-1 9 c (v) cr=5.7 x 10 - 8 J/ m2 sK4 (vi) 1t = 3 .142
(vii) µ 0 = 41t x 10- 7 Wb/ Am (viii) c = 3 x 108 mi s (ix) h = 6.63 x 10- 34 J.s.

SECTION-A
Q. l. Select and write the correct answer: [10]
(i) Linear momentum of an electron in Bohrs orbit of H-atom (Principal Quantum number n) is proportional
to _ _ _ _ . (Ch. 1 5)
1 1
(a) - (b) - (c) n (d) n2
n n 2

(ii) If the frequency of the input voltage 50 Hz is applied to a full wave rectifier, what will be the output frequency?
(Ch. 16}
(a) 25 Hz (b) 50 Hz (c) 100 Hz (d) 150 Hz

(iii) The angular displacement of a particle in 6 sec on a circle with angular velocity ; rad/ sec. is _ _ _ . (Ch. 1)
7t
(a) rr rad (b) 2rr rad (c) 3rr rad (d) rad
2
(iv) The relation between relative permeability(µ,) and magnetic susceptibility (Xml is _ _ _ _ _ . (Ch. 11}
(a) µ, = 1 - Xm (b) µ, = 1 + Xm (c) Xm = µ, + 1 (d) Xm = µ,

(v) If a= 0.72 and t = 0.04, then the value of r is____ (Ch. 14}
(a) 0 .02 (b) 0.08 (c) 0 .24 (d) 0.4

(vi) _ _ _ _ _ is the source of energy for stars. (Ch . 15)

(a) Chain reaction (b) Nuclear fission (c) Nuclear fusion (d) Radioactivity
(vii) The power factor of LCR circuit is _ _ _ _ __ (Ch . 13}

R 1 z
(c) ZR (d) -
(a) Rx Z (b) Z R

(viii) Efficiency of transformer is the ratio of ______ . (Ch. 12)

Output voltage Output power Output current Input power
(d)
la) --=------
Input voltage
(b)
Input power
(c)
Input current Output power

(ix) The surface tension of boiling water is _ _ _ _ _ /Ch. 2)

(a) zero (b) infinity (c) 100 N/m (d) 50 N/m
4
(x) The law of equipartition of energy is valid for (Ch. )
(b) absolute zero temperature
(a) high temperatures
(d) temperature between -273 K to - lO0K
(c) low temperatures

(237)
238 UTTAM's XII Physics Pa~
Q. 2 . Answer the following questions :
(08]
. .
(ii A pair of adJacent coil has a mutual inductance of 1. 5 H . If the curren t a t one coil changes from O to 20 A .tn
0.5 sec ., what is the change of flux linked with the other coil? (Ch. 12)
(ii) A particle executes S .H .M. of amplitude 3 cm . lts acceleration at extreme position is 27 2
cm/ s · Calculate its
angular velocity. (Ch . 5)
(iiil Draw the schematic symbol for NANO gate and write its Boolean expression. (Ch.
16
)
(iv) State dimensions of magnetic field . (Ch. 1 OJ
(v) Define velocity gradient. (Ch. 2)
(vi) State Wien 's displaceme nt law. (Ch. 3)
(vii) What is Isobaric process? (Ch. 4)
(viii) Define 'Radius of Gyration'. (Ch. 1)

SECTION -B
► Attempt any EIGHT questions of the following: [16)
Q. 3 . Draw a near labelled energy level diagram for hydrogen atom. (Ch. 15)
Q. 4. What are eddy currents? State any two applications of eddy currents. (Ch . 12)
Q. 5. A drop of water of radius 8 mm breaks into number of droplets each of radius 1 mm. How many droplets
will
be formed? (Ch. 1)
Q. 6. Find the reactance of a coil of inductance 100 mH at a frequency of 50 Hz. (Ch. 13)
Q. 7. Prove that for pipe closed at one end, the end correction is e = '½ Li - n 1 11 . (Ch. 6)
nl - '½
Q.8. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron moving with a speed of 5 x 6
10 m/s.
(me = 9.1 x 10 - 31 kg) (Ch. 14)
Q.9. Calculate the energy radiated in one minute by a black body of surface area 100 cm 2 when it
is maintained
at 227 ° C. (Ch . 3)
Q.10. A motor cyclist rides in a vertical hollow sphere of radius 5 m. Find minimum angular speed
required so that
it does not loose contact with the sphere at the highest point. (g = 9 .8 m/s 2 ) (C h . 1 )
Q.11. State Kirchhoffs current law in electric circuit. Also state their sign conventions . {C h. 9)
Q.12. Obtain an expression for magnetic field at a distance r from straight conductor carrying current
using
Ampere's law. (Ch. 10)
Q.13. Derive an expression for energy stored in a capacitor. (Ch. BJ
Q.14. State zeroth law of thermodyna mics. State its significance . (Ch . 4)

SECTION -C
,,..... Attempt any EIGHT questions of the follow ing :
[24)
Q.15. Derive an expression for the total emf induced in a conducting rotating rod . (Ch . 12)
Q.16. Find the wavelength and wave number of the first member of the Balmer series in Hydrogen
spectrnm.
(R = 1.097 x 10 7 m- 1) (Ch. 15)
Q . 17. A rectangular coil of wire 50 turn each of area 6 x 10 - 4 m 2 is freely suspended in a field
of 3 x 10-2 Wb / m 2.
Calculate the current flowing through the coil when it deflects through 60°, when torsional
constant
is 3 .82 x 10 -6 Sl unit. (Ch. 12)
Q. 18. Consider the cyclic process ABCA on a sample of2 .0_ mol of an ideal gas as shown in following fig . The
temperature
of the gas at A and Bare 300 Kand 500 K respectively . A total of 1200 J heat is withdrawn from the
sample in
this process . Find the work done by the gas in part BC. (R= 8 .3 J / mol K)
p

~-------V (Ch. 4)
Q. 19. Define surface tension . Obtain the relation between surface tension and surface energy. (Ch. )
2
Q . 20 . In a biprism experiment , the slit ~s illuminated by_red light _of w~v:length 6400 A and the crosswire
rd
of eyepiece
is adjusted to t he centre of 3 bnght band . By usmg blue hght 1t 1s found that 4 th bright band is at the
centre
of the cross wire . Calculate the wavelength of blue light. (Ch. 7)
I
Specimen Paper - 1 239
Q. 21. An electron in an atom is revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit of radius 0 .53 A, with a speed of
6
2 x 10 m/ s . Find the resultant orbital magnetic moment and angular momentum of electron.
(e = 1.6 x 10- 19 C, m = 9.1 x 10- 31 kg) (Ch. 15)
Q. 22. With a neat circuit diagram, explain working of p-n junction diode as a half wave rectifier. /Ch. 16)
Q. 23 . State and explain the principle of conservation of angular momentum. (Ch. 1)
Q. 24. Obtain an expression for average power dissipated in a pure resistive circuit. (Ch . 13)
Q.25. Describe construction and working of a photo cell with the help of neat diagram. (Ch. 14)
Q.26. At what temperature will therms velocity of a gas be four times its value at STP? (Ch. 3)

SECTION- D
► Attempt any THREE questions of the following: (12)
Q.27 . Define ideal simple pendulum. Derive an expression for period of simple pendulum. Hence state the factors
on which its period depends. /Ch. SJ
Q.28. Show that only odd harmonics are present in the vibrations of air column in a pipe closed at one end.
A violin string vibrates with fundamental frequency of 440 Hz. What are the frequencies of first and second
overtone? (Ch. 6)
Q.29. Derive the relation between electric intensity and electric potential.
A parallel plate air condenser has a capacity of 20µF. What will be the new capacity if the distance between two
plates is doubled? (Ch . BJ
Q.30. State advantages of a potentiometer over a voltmeter.
A resistance of 311 is connected in parallel to a galvanometer of resistance 297 11. Find the fraction of current
passing through the galvanometer. /Ch. 9)
Q.31. Explain reflection of light at a plane reflecting surface on the basis of Huygen's principle. Also state laws of
reflection. /Ch. 7)
 11111111111
SPEC IME N PAP ER - 1 (Wit h Solu tion)
Time : 3 Hour s)
PHY SICS ( Max. Mark s : 70

SEC TION -A
Q .1. Selec t a nd write the corre ct a nsw e r : (10] lviii) Effic iency of trans form er is the ratio of:
li) Linea r mom entum of an electr on in
Outp ut voltag e Outp ut power
Bohr s orbit of H-ato m (Prin cipal Quan tum la) Input voltag e
numb er n) is propo rtion al to _ _ _ __ lb) Input power
1 1 Outp ut curre nt Input power
la) --;- lb) n 2 le) n ld) - - - - -
ld) n 2 le) Input curre nt Outp ut power
1 Outp ut power
Ans . (a) -
n (1 m a rk)
Ans . (b) - Input
--= ---- - (1 mark/
power

\ Hint : P = m v and v"" ~ ⇒ P oc ~

lix) The surfa ce tensi on of boilin g water is:
la) zero (b) infini ty
lii) If the frequ ency of the input volta ge 50 Hz le) 100 N/m ld) 50 N/m
is appli ed to a full wave rectif ier, what will Ans. (a) zero (1 mark)
be the outpu t frequ ency?
lx) The law of equip artiti on of energ y is valid
(a) 25 Hz lb) 50 Hz for _ __ __
(c) 100 Hz ld) 150 Hz la) high temp eratu res
Ans . (c) 100 Hz (J mark/ lb) absol ute zero t e mper ature
Hint: In full wave rectifi er, outpu t frequ ency is
the twice \ le) low tempe rature s
of input freque ncy .
(d) tempe rature betwe en -273 K to -lO0K
liii) The angul ar displ acem ent of a parti cle
in 6 sec on a circle with angul ar veloc ity 1 Ans. (a ) high tempe rature s (1 mark)
7t 1

rad/ sec. is _ __ ___ I Q.2 . Answ er the follow ing quest ions : (08]
3 (i) A pair of adjac ent coil has a mutu al
Tt II induc tance of 1.5 H. If the curre nt at one
la) rt rad lb) 2 rt rad (c) 3 rt rad (d) rad
2 coil chan ges from O to 20 A in 0.5 sec.,
Ans . (b) 2 rt rad what is the chan ge of flux linke d with the
(1 mork ) I
other coil?
\ Hint: 0=ffit = i x 6= 2rtrad
\ 1 Ans . Given : M = 1 .5 H , 1 = 0 A, 1 = 20
1 2 A
liv) The relat ion betw een relati ve perm eabili ty I
dl 12 - 11
(µr) and magn etic susce ptibi lity (Xml is: I
(a) µ, = 1 - Xm lb) µ, = 1 + Xm
20- 0 20 A
(c) Xm = µ, + 1 ld) Xm = µ, dt = 0 .5 sec.
\
Ans . (b) µ, = 1 + Xm I 1 ma r k ) To find: dqi =?
lv) If a = O. 72 and t = 0.04, then the value of Form ula: dqi = Mdl
ris _ _ __
dqi = 1.5 x 20 = 30 Wb (1 mark)
la) 0.02 lb) 0.08 le) 0.24 ld) 0.4
Ans . (c) 0.24 (1 m a rk) (ii) A parti cle execu tes S.H.M . of ampli tude
I Hint : a+r+ t=l ⇒ :. 0 .72+ r+l ⇒ :. 3 cm. Its accel erati on at extre me positi on
r=0.2 4 \
is 27 cm / s 2 • Calcu late its angul ar veloci ty•
lvi) _ _ _ _ _ is the sourc e of energ y for stars.
la) Chain reacti on Ans . Given : a= 3 cm, a
m ax = 27 cm/ s .
2
lb) Nucle ar fissio n
le) Nucle ar fusion ld) Radio activi ty To find: Angu lar veloci ty ((J)) = ?
Ans . (c) Nucle ar fusion Form ula: a
max = a(J)
( 1 mark ) 2
(vii) The powe r facto r of LCR circu it is:
Z 1
amax
= - 27
R (1)2 --- 9
(a) R x Z lb) R (c ) ZR (d) Z a 3
R (J) = 3 rad/s ec. (I mark)
Ans . (d} Z (/ mark)

(240)
 SE_ecimen Pap er - 1 241
(iii) Draw the schematic symbol for NANO gate (vi) State Wien's displacement law.
and write its Boolean expression. Ans . • Wien's displacement law : It is observed
Ans . • Schematic symbol for NAND gate : that the wavelength for which emissive power
of a blackbody is maximum , is inversely
proportional to the absolute temperature of
A ~Y = A· B
the blackbody.
Bo~
1
( ½ ma rk) i.e. "-max ocr (1 mark)
• Boolean expression for NAND gate :
Y = A·B ( ½ mark) (vii) What is isobaric process?
Ans . • Isobaric process : A process which takes
(iv) State dimensions of magnetic field.
place at constant pressure is called as an
F isobaric process.
Ans. Magnetic field (B) = Il (1 mark )

(viii) Define 'Radius of Gyration'.

[L1 M l T - 21
Dimension of B Ans . • Radius of Gyration : The radius of
[I I ]IL 1l gyration of a body about a given axis of
[LO M l T -2 1- 11 ( I mark) rotation is d efined as the distance between
(v) Define velocity gradient. the axis of rotation and a point at whic h the
whole mass of the body can be supposed to
Ans . • Velocity gradient : The rate of change of
be concentrated so as to possess the same
velocity (d u) wi th distance (dx ) measured from
moment of inertia as that of the body. (1 m a rk)
a sta tionary layer is called velocity gradient.
du
Veloci ty gradeint = ( l mark)
dx
SECTION-B
:-- Attempt any EIGHT : (16] • Applications :
Q. 3 . Draw a near labelled energy level diagram (i) Dead beat galvanometer: When a
for hydrogen atom. (2) galvanometer is used for measuring current,
Ans . • Energ y level diagram for hydrogen the coil is wound on a light aluminium frame
atom : to make it dead beat i.e. to bring the coil
Ion ized a to m quickly to rest. The eddy current opposes the
E,., = 0 eV
' n = ro
E7
n =7 motion and brings the coil to rest quickly.
E6 = - 0 .38 eV n =6 ( ½ m a r k)
E5 = - 0 .54 eV
lw n =5 (ii) Electric brake : When the train is to be
pfund se ri es

E4 = - 0 .85 eV
l Ail
(IR)
n =4
stopped , the power supplied to rotate the
axel is switched off. At the same time, the
E3 = - 1. 5 eV
l ,.. "' Bracke tt seri es

Pasc hen series

(IR)
n =3 stationary magnetic field is applied to the
(IR) rotating drum giving rise to strong eddy
IA IA
""', n =2 currents in the drum. These eddy currents
E2 - -3 .4 eV
Balme r series produce a torque which opposes the rotation
(visible region)
of the drum and hence the axle . Thus train is
brought to rest quickly. ( ½ mark)

Q.5 . A drop of water of radius 8 mm breaks into

n = I
number of droplets each of radius 1 mm.
E 1 = - 13 .6 eV
Lyma n series How many droplets will be formed? (2)
(UV regi on)
(Dia gram - 1 m ark: Labellings - 1 m ark) Ans . Given: Radius of a big drop (R) = 8 mm ,
Q.4. What are eddy currents? State any two Radius of a small drop (r) = 1 mm.
applications of eddy currents. (2) To.find: Number of droplets (n) =?
Ans . • Eddy currents : The circulating currents Formula: Number of droplets ,
induced in a metal block (or plate}, when it is Volume of big drop
pla ced or moved in a changing magnetic field n =
Volume of each drople t
are called eddy currents . (l m a rk)
242 UTTAM's XII Physi cs Papers Solution

4 Q.9. Calcu late the energ y radia ted ln one minu te

- 1tR3 by a black body of surfa ce area 100 cm2
3
(1 mark) when it is main taine d at 227° C.
4 121
-7tr3 Ans. Given :
3 A= 100 cm2 = 100 x 10- 4 m 2 = 10- 2 m2,
=
n =

n = 512
t:f l~f =
T 227°C = 227 + 273 = 500 K
0 = 5.67 x 10- J /m sK
6

t = 1 min = 60 sec .
2 4

(1 mark)
Q.6. Find the react ance of a coil of induc tance To find: Energ y radia ted (Q) = ?
100 mH at a frequ ency of 50 Hz. (2) Form ula: Q = 0 A tT4 ( ½ mark)
Ans. Given : L = 100 mH = 100 x 10-3 H = 10- 1 H Q = 5 .67 X 10- 6 X 10- 2 X 60 X (500) 4 /½ mark)
f= 50 Hz = 5 .67 x60 X (5) 4
To find: React ance of coil (XJ = ? = 2126 25J (1 ma rk)
Form ula:
Q.10 . A moto r cycli st rides in a verti cal hollo w
XL = 2rtfL ('/2 mark) spher e of radiu s 5 m. Find minim um
= 2 X 3 .14 X 50 X 1o-l angul ar speed requi red so that it does
= 6 .28 X 5 /'/2 mark) not loose conta ct with the spher e at the
XL = 31.4 Q /1 mark) highe st point . (g = 9.8 m/s2) (2)
Q. 7 . Prove that for pipe close d at one end, the Ans . Given : r = 5 m , g = 9.8 m/s 2 .
To find: w =?
end corre ction is e = "2 '2 - n1 11 (2) The motor cyclis t will not loose conta ct with
nl - ":z
Ans. Consi der the two pipes of same diame ter the spher e at the highe st point if
but
differ ent length s of 1 and ½· Centr ipetal force
1
Let n 1 and '½ be the freque ncies of tunni ng Weig ht of the moto r and rider
fork. i.e . mrw 2 mg ( ½ mark)
We know , for a pipe closed at one end w2 g
V = 4 n 1 L1 4 '½ L (' '2 mark)
2
L1 = '½L2
n1 (J)
n 1 (1 1 + e) = '½ (½ + e)
where , e = end correc tion.
~ 9~8 ( ½ mark)
n 1 11 +n 1 e = '½½+ '½e (''> mark)
n 1 e - '½e '½~ - n 111 {f:9 6
e(n 1 - '½l '½½ - n 1 11 (J) 1.4 rad/s (1 mark)
e
'½ ½- nl 11 /l mark) Q. 11. State Kirch hoff's curre nt law in elect ric
circu it. Also state their sign conv entio ns
Q.8 . Calcu late the de Broglie wave lengt h
assoc iated with an electr on movi ng with a (2)
Ans . • Kirc hhof fs curre nt law :
speed of 5 x 106 m/s. (me= 9.1 x 10- 31 kg)
State ment : The algeb raic sum of the curre nts
(2 ) at a junct ion is zero in an electr ical netwo rk.
Ans. Given : v = 5 x 10 6 m/s , me = 9.1 x 10 - 31 kg n
Planc k's const ant, h = 6 .63 x 10 - 34 . i.e. L. I = 0
t: I t (1 mark)
To find: de Brogl ie wavel ength ('A.) = ? • Sign conve ntion s :
Form ula: (i) The curre nts arrivi ng at
h the junct ion are
'A. = consi dered positi ve .
(
1
/2 mark) (½ mark)
mv (ii) The curre nts leavin g the
junct ion are
6 .63 X 10- 34 consi dered negat ive .
(½ mark)
9.1 X 10- 3 ! X 5 X 10 6 ( ½ mark) Q. l 2 .
Obtain an expre ssion for magn etic field
0.145 7 X 10- 9 ffi
at a dista nce r from straig ht condu ctor
1.457 X 10- lO ffi carry ing curre nt using Ampe re's law. (2 )
'A. 1.457 A Ans . Consi der a long wire carry ing a curre nt I
(1 mark) h as
s own in the figure .
 Specim en Pape r - J 243

charge dq is furth er transferred between the

pla tes.
dw Vdq
q mo r k/
i.e. dw - dq ... jFrom (i) J
C
Integrating, with limit Oto Q we get total work
don e.
Q Q q
Ampe ria n
Loop
w fdw = f - dq
o C
__, ~ ('., mark) 0
1 Q
B and d l are tangential to the Amperian loop
By Ampere's law,
w C f qdq ('_.m ark /
0

B
fBdlcos8
fB ·dZ µ 01

µ 01
w ~[; J:
B fdz
Bfd l
(As 8 = 0 °, cos 0° = 1)
(½ mark)
w ~ [;' -a]
1 Q2
But , fd l Total len gth of the loop w --
2 TC r 2 C
(' 2 mark)
B x 2 TC r = µ 0 1 Putting Q = CV, we get

IB e ·~ I r•·, mack)
I w ½cv 2
\
(
1
., m ark /

Q. 14 . State zeroth law of thermodynamics. State

Q. 13 . Derive an expression for energy stored in a its significance. (2)
capacitor. (2)
Ans . • Zeroth law of thermodynamics :
Ans . Consider a capacitor of C

C:J
If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium
capacitance C being with a third system, they are also in thermal
charged by a DC source equilibrium with each other. I I mark !
of V volt a s s h own
• Significance of zeroth law: :
in figure . V
(i) The zeroth 1aw enables us to use a
During the process of charging, let q be the thermometer to compare the temperatures of
charge on the capacitor and V be the P .D. different objects .
between the plates . (ii) When we use a thermometer, the thermometer
By definition of capacity, a nd the object are in thermal equilibrium and
q thermometer indicates the temperature of the
C
V object .
q (½ mark)
(iii) Temperature is defined on the basis of zeroth
V = ... (i)
C law of thermodynamics .
A small amount of work is done if a small (Any two - '., mark each /

SECTION-C

:,.... Attempt any EIGHT : [24] X X X X X X X X X X X X

Q. 15. Derive an expression for the total emf X X X X X X X X X
induced in a conducting rotating rod. (3) xxxxx ~ x
Ans . Consider a cond ucting rod rotating around a X X X X r dr X x
pivot at one end in a uniform magnetic field X X X / X X X X X
th a t is perpendicular to the plane of rotation .
xx" (/ xx l xxxx
Refer figure --->
X pivot O ~ xX X X X X X
Now con s ider a small e lement drof the rod at a
X X X X X X X X X X X
~ is ta nce r from the pivot moving with velocity
v in m agne tic fi eld B and h as an induced emf X X X X X X X X X X X
gen erated in it like a sliding rod. ('" mork) (Diagram - ' _, mark )
 UTTAM's XII Phy sics Pap ers Solution
244
The induced emf (de) in the element dr is Q.17 . A rectangular coil of wire 50 turn each of
area 6 x 10- 4 m 2 is freely suspended in
given by
a field of 3 x 10- 2 Wb/m 2 . Calculate the
de= B vdr ... (i) (1/2 mark)
current flowing through the coil when
Integrating eqn. (i) with limit O to l we get total it deflects through 60°, when torsional
induced emf constant is 3.82 x 10--6 SI unit. (3 )
I l
50
e = f de = f B vdr ( ½ mark} Ans . Given: n
A = 6 x 10- 4 m 2 , B = 3 x 10- 2 Wb/m2 ,
0 0
Putting v = rro , we get 1t
I e = 60° =
3 = 1.04 7 rad
e = fBrrodr K = 3.82 x 10 - 6 SI unit.
0
l
To find: I=?
e = Bro f rdr Formula:
0
K8
e - Bro[; 1: nAB
3.82 X 10 - 6 X 1.047
(1 m ark}

(1 m ark}
1 2 50 X 6 10- 4 3 X lQ 2
e = -Bro[l - OJ X X

2 3. 82 X 1.047
1
e = -Brol 2 .. . (ii) (1 m a rk} 50 X 6 X 3
2
3 .9995
Q . 16. Find the wavelength and wave number of
the first member of the Balmer series in 900
Hydrogen spectrum. (R = 1.097 x 10 7 m- 11 0 .004443 A = 4.4 mA (1 mark}
(3)
Q . 18 . Consider the cyclic process ABCA on a
Ans . Given: R = 1.097 x 10 7 m - 1 sample of 2.0 mol of an ideal gas as shown
For the first member of Balmer serie s , in following figure.
p =2 and n = 3 p
To.find: (a) Wavelength (A)=?
(b) Wave number (v)=? .
(a) We have
~ - - - - ----,v
1
')..,
R[-1 __1]
p2 n2
(', mork }
The temperature of the gas at A and B are
300 K and 500 K respectively. A total of
1200 J heat is withdrawn from the sample
R[ ~ - ~ ]
1
(' 2 mark} j
in this process. Find the work done by the
')..,
gas in part BC. (R=B.3 J/mol K) (3)
1 5 Ans. Given: n = 2 .0 mol , TA = 300K, TB= SOOK,
').., R[ 36] Q = - 1200 J , R = 8.3 J / mol K .
To.find: Work done (WBcl =?
36 Formula:(l) Q = LlU + W
A
SR (2) W = PllV = nRLlT
36 1 Q LlU + W
- X - - -- - - - ,c-
5 (1.097 7
X ) 10 Q W AacA ... (As internal energy LlU = 0)
36 7 Q W AB+ Wac+ WCA ( ½ mark)
5.485 X lQ - As, the volume remains constant during
path CA,
6 .563 X 10 - 7 m
WCA = Q
').., 6563 A ( 1 mark}
-1200 WAB +Wac + 0
1
(b) Wave number (v) = (' 2 mark} WAB + Wac - 1200 ... (i) ( ½ mark}
A We know ,
1 nRLlT
WAB
6.563 X 10- 7 nR(Ta -TA)
= 1.524 x 10 6 m - 1 ( 1/2 mark) I
2.Q X 8 .3 (500 - 300)
3320 J (''., mark/
- Specim e n Pape r - 1 24 5
From equ a tion (i) Q.20 . In a biprism experiment, the slit is
332 0 + W8 c = -1200 illuminated by red light of wavelength
W B C = - 4520 J (' . 111cuJ..) 6400 A and the crosswire of eyepiece is
Negative s ign indicates th a t the work is don e adjusted to the centre of 3 rd bright band. By
on the gas. using blue light it is found that 4 th bright
Work done by the gas in part BC = + 4520 J . band is at the centre of the cross wire.
Calculate the wavelength of blue light. (3)
(I 111 w k)
Ans. Given: AR= 6400 A
Q. 19 . Define surface tension . Obtain the relation
To find: A 8 =?
between surface tension and surface
energy. Formula:
(3)
nDA
Ans . • Surface Tension : It is d efined as th e For bright band xn = - d- (' .· mork /
tangential force acting pe r unit le n gt h on
b ot h s ides of an im agin ary lin e draw n on th e For red light, di s tan ce of 3 rd bright band is
free s urface of liquid . 11 , 1111,
~ = ---
3D ¾
... (i) (' /11( 11 /... j
d
Surface Te nsion (T) = _.!::_
I For blue light, distan ce of 4 th bright band is
40A8
• Relation between surface te nsi on and X
4
= --
d- ... (ii) (' m o rk )
surfa c e e n ergy
p ,'P' By condition ,
A,7'...,,.---:,-------+---~--- D
:;,;: 1/,;: / Dis tan ce of 3 )
rd
Distance of 4
th
)
I
bright band of bright band of

-~--F·/
// / I
/ I
( red light ( red light
i.e .~ i.e. X4
f I
4 D A8

,/ !,
3 D AR
(1. mork)
d d
B
Q ,'<.:r "-s
3
- X 6400
4
Let ABCD b e a recta n gu lar fra m e of wire
fitt ed with a movab le a rm PQ . Th e frame h e ld 4800 A ( l mo rk)
in horizont al p osi ti o n a nd dipp ed into s oa p Q.21 . An electron in an atom is revolving
solution and ta ke n out so th a t s oa p film is around the nucleus in a circular orbit
fo r m ed . Du e to s urface te n s ion a fo rce F w ill of radius' 0.53 A, with a speed of
ac ts o n th e wire PQ whi c h te ndin g to pull it 2 x 10 6 m/s. Find the resultant orbital
towards AB. Magnit ud e of fo rce is calcu la ted magnetic moment and angular momentum
as of electron.
F (e = 1.6 x 10-- 19 C, m = 9.1 x lo---3 1 kg)
T (3)
2l Ans . Given: r 0.53 A = 0 .53 x 10 - 10 m ,
F T 2l
V = 2 X 10 6 m / S ,
where l is length of wir e PQ and 2 is u sed
e 1.6 x 10- 19 C ,
because soap film h as two free surfaces .
m 9 .1 x 10- 31 kg.
Du e to this force work is don e
To.find:
dw F dx
(1) Orbital magnetic moment (M orbl =?
dw = 2 Tld x (2) Angular momentum (L) = ?
dw = T x dA I . mark)
evr
where dA = 2l d x = s urface area Formulae: (1) M orb = - - (2) L = mvr
2
This work done is stored in the form of evr
pote ntial energy (P. E.) (1) M orb = pl lf
2
P.E . T X dA 1.6 X 10- 19 X 2 X 10 6 X 0 .53 X 10 - lO
P.E. (1 _. mark) 2
T
dA 1.6 X 0 .53 X 10- 23
i.e. surface e nergy per unit area is equal to 0 .848 X 10- 23
surface te nsion. 8.48 x 10- 24 Am 2
 UTTAM's XII Physics Papers Solut~ n
246
(v) The diode conducts only in the positive half
(2) L m vr ('/2 mark)
cycle of AC input. The current flows through
9 .1 10- 3 1 X 2 X 106
X X 0.53 X 10-IO RL only in one direction an~ ~nly half part of
18.2 X 0.53 X 10 - 35 wave is rectified . Therefore 1t 1s called as half
9 .65 X 10 - 3 5 J.S /1 mark) wave rectifier. /½ mark)
a neat circuit diagram, explain (vi) The variation of AC input and DC output with
Q .22 . With
working of p-n junction diode as a half time is as shown in Fig. (b) ·
wave rectifier. (3) Q .23 . state and explain the principle of
Ans . D
conserva tion of angular moment um. (3 )
or conserva tion of angular
A ns . • Principle 'J

r momentu m : Angular momentu m of an

isolated system is conserve d in the absence
of an external unbalanc ed torque . (1 ma rk )

• Proof:
Angular mom_:nt u~ of a system is given ('l
by L = rxp ... (i)
Fig . (a )
where ,
P 1 P 2 - Primary of transforme r , r is the position vector from the axis of rotation.
S I S 2 - S econdary of tran s form e r ,
D - Diod e, RL - Loa d resistance,
p is the linear momentu m.
Vi - AC input , V - DC output.
Different iating equation (i) w .r. to time , we get
O
(Di a gram - ] mark) dL d(r x Pl
(i) The experime ntal circuit for half wave rectifier dt dt
is as shown in above Fig. (a) . The AC voltage dr
dp
which is to be rectified is applied a cross the r x - - +--x p ( 1/., mark)
dt dt
primary P 1 P 2 of transform er. The secondary
S 1 S 2 of transform er is connected in serie s dr dp _
with diode D and resistanc e RL. The output is Now - - = v a nd - - = F ( ' 2 mark)
' dt dt
taken across the load resistanc e.
(ii) When w e apply AC input a cros s primary dL
r x F + v x mv (Asp= mv)
P 1 P 2 then AC volta ge is d eveloped a cros s dt
secondar y S 1 s 2 .
r x F+m(v x v)
(iii) During the positive h a lf cycle of input voltage ,
S 1 is positive with respect to S 2 , therefore the We know v v=0x
diod e Dis forward biased . It conducts curre nt
dL
and current flows through the circuit a nd w e r x F + 0 ( ' 2 ma rk)
get output across load resistanc e . The output dt
voltage V O is, V O = I Rv (', mork) But r x F 1 :_ moment of force or torque
(iv) During the negative half cycle of input voltage, dL
S 1 is negative with respect to S 2 , therefore the 't
dt
diode D is reverse biased . It does not condu c t
- dL
current . No curre nt flows through the circuit. Thus , if 1 = 0 then - =O
Therefore output voltage across R L is zero dt
i.e . V 0 = 0 . ( ',,2 ma r k) ⇒ L = constant. (' 2 m ark)
+V
Q .24 . O~t~in an expressi on for average power
Input
Vo ltage 01J----+-- - - I - - -- \ - - - + - ---+~ time
d1ss1pate d in a pure resistive circuit. (3)
Ans . Le t'. e = eo sin ffi t be applied emf ag:oss a
-V resistanc e Ras shown in the following figure.

+V

In pu t O f - - - - ' - - - ~ - ~ - - ~ - ~- time
Voltage

-V

Fig . (b) (D zagram - '2 mark)

'-----: :.%,;J
Fig . Pure resistive ci rcuit
(Diagra m 'c rrwrk
 Specimen Paper - 1 247
• Construction : It consist of an evacuated glass
At time t, current i = io sin wt is flowing through bulb or tube containing two electrodes anode
the resistor. and cathode. The cathode is semi-cylindrical
In this case e and i are in phase. photosentitive metal plate (E) and the anode
Power in circuit is given by is in the form of metal rod. The glass bulb is
P = ei fitted on nonconducting base provided with
P = (e0 sinwt) (iosinwt) two pins for external connection as shown in
P= e0 i0 sin 2 wt ... (i) (½ ma r k) figure given below. (1 ma rk)
Average power for one cycle can be obtained • Working : The experimental circuit is
as follows : as shown in the figure . The cathode is
Work done by emf in one cycle connected to negative terminal and anode
Time for one cycle (period) is connected to positive terminal of battery
T (HT) with microammeter. When light of
f Pdt suitable wavelength falls on the cathode,
0
( ½ mark} photoelectrons are emitted. These electrons
T are attracted towards the anode due to applied
T
electric field. The generated photocurrent is
fe 0 iosin
2
wtdt
noted from the microammeter. This current
0
T is directly proportional to the intensity of
T incident light. (1 mark)
eo1a f sin 2
II Q.26 .
Pav T wtdt
O
At what temperature will the rms velocity
of a gas be four times its value at STP? (3)
e~io( ~) Ans . Given: At STP, T 1 = 273 K;
v2 = 4 v 1
[·.· J 2
sin wtdt = ~] (
1
2 mark) To find: Temperature (T2 ) = ?

-
ea- X -io-
Formula: vrms =~ ./JRT
~ ( ½ mark)
{2 {2
erm s X i rms ( 1 mark ) V oc {T
Q .25 . Describe construction and working of a
photo cell with the help of neat diagram. .~ (½ mark)
(3) ~ T2
Ans . • Diagram :
.fEI (1 mark)
In c iden t
ligh t
4vl ~ T;
Squaring on both side,
1 273
T2
Ca thod e
16 X 273
4368 K (1 m ark

(Diagram - I mark)

SECTION-D

► Attempt any THREE : [12] from a rigid support. (1 mark)

Q .27 . Define ideal simple pendulum. Derive an • Expression for period of simple pendu lum:
expression for period of simple pendulum. Consider a simple pendulum of length L.
Hence state the factors on which its period Let m be the mass of bob and is balanced by
depends. (4) the tension in the string (T') .
Ans . • Idea l Simple Pendulum : An ideal simple If the bob is in displaced position with very
pendulum is a heavy particle suspended
small angle 0, then the displacement x of the
by a massless , inextensible , flexible string
bob may be treated as a straight line . When
 ◄
248 UTTAM's XII Physics Papers s l .
o Ution
th e bob is at B , the forces acting on bob are: 27t
T = (!)
Rigid support
2 7t
✓ g/L
Period (T) = 2 1t - ~g . .. (iii) ( ½2
'\J g murk;

From Eqn (iii)

Period of simple pendulum depends on the
length of the pendulum and acceleration due
to gravity. (½ murk)

Q.28 . Show that only odd harmonics ar

C
present in the vibrations of a:;
column in a pipe closed at one end.
r \
A violin string vibrates with fundamental
' .:--- mg cos 8 frequency of 440 Hz. What are the
mg frequencies of first and second overtone?
Fig . Simple pendulum (4)
(Diagram - ½ mark) Ans . When the stationary waves are produced in a
(i) the weight of bob (mg) acting vertically pipe closed at one end, a node is formed at the
downwards. closed end and anti-node is formed at open
(ii) the tension (T') in the string acting along BO . end. This is called as boundary condition.
The weight mg resolved into two components. The different modes of vibrations are as
(a) mgsin0 - perpendicular to the string follows :
(b) mg cos 0 - along the string balanced by T'. (i) Fundamental mode of vibration:
( ½ mark) The first mode of
The mg sin 0 is along tangent to arc at B. vibration of air column
closed at one end is

n
··1 -- •
The force tries to restor e the bob . It opposes I
to the angular displacement 0. called fundamental mode. I
I
Restoring force (F) = - mg sin 0 This mode contains I
I

F = -mg0 half loop as shown I

. .. (Ase is small sine= 0) I
in Fig. (a) .
From figure,
Let I be the length
l I
I
I
:L=I
arcAB X I
I
e . . . (i) (½, mark) of pipe . I
I
radius L I
I
L = I+ e I
I
I
I
X I
F -mgT where , \
'
' ' I

e-. be the end correction.

But, F ma Fig . (a)
n -. be the frequency (Diagram - ½ mark)
Equation (i) becomes, of first mode,
A -. be the wavelength.
X
ma= -mgL (Length of air column) (Length of loop)
A
X L
a= -gT ... (ii) 4
A 4L
We know, We know,
Acceleration (a) = - w 2 x ( ½ mark)
V = nA.
Equation (ii) becomes.,, V V
X n =
-w 2x = -gL A 4L
V

(!) = {f n =
4
( z + e)
where L = Z + e
. .. (i) ( ½ mark)

The equation for the period is This is the frequency of fundamental mode
or first harmonic .
(ii) First overtone :
 249
Spec imen Pape r - I
This mod e cont ains one full loop and one Simi larly n 2 = (2 + 1) x 440
('~ ma rk}
half loop as show n in Fig. (b) . =13 20H z
n 1 --+ be the freq uenc y Q.29 . Derive the rela tion betw een elec
tric
A1 --+ be the wav elen gth inte nsit y and elec tric pote ntia l.
· · (Len gth of air colu mn) A para llel plat e air cond ense r has
a
(Len gth of loop) capa city of 20µF . What will be the
new
3Al ance betw een two plat es
L capa city if the dist
4 (4 )
is doub led?
t ensi ty and
4L Ans . • Rela tion betw een elec tric in
A1 = elec tric pote ntia l :
3
The
We know , Con side r a poin t char ge + q at poin t 'O'.
N are sepa rated by dista nce dx.
V poin ts Man d
+q
dx %
n1 = A1 N
N M E
V
Fig . (b) 01 :-- --r --- -A
n1 =
4L/3
(Diag ra m - ' , mark} - -...... -
-- -- -- - x- - - -(Diag /2 mark}
1
ram
n it is
n 1 = 3 4L
V
Let% be the test char ge at poin t M. Whe
N sma ll work is done and
disp lace d from M to
n1 = 3n .. . (ii) (1,,, mark} it is given by
onic dw = -Fd x .. . (i)
Thu s , the first over tone is third harm
nd harm onic is abse nt). Negative sign indic ates force and disp lace men t
(and 2
ain two full are in oppo site direc tion .
(iii) Seco nd over tone : This mod e cont
loop s and one half loop as show n in Fig.
(c). By defin ition of elect ric inten sity
y F
'½ --+ be the freq uenc E
½ --+ be the wav elen gth %
( ½ mark)
· · (Len gth of air colu mn) F E9o
(Len gth of loop) Equa tion (i) beco mes
5½ dw -E9o dx
L dw
4
-Ed x
4L %
A2 = 5
dw
dV -Ed x, whe re dV= -
We know , dV %
E (1, mark}
V dx
'½ = N t in
A2 Fig . (c) Thu s the elect ric inten sity at a poin
tive pote ntial
V (Diag ra m - '2 mark) an elect ric field is the nega
'½ = 4L/5 grad ient at that poin t.
V • Prob lem :
'½ = S 4L Give n: C = 20µF , cl= 2d
'½ = 5 n ... (iii) To find : New capa citan ce (C') = ?

(and 4 harm onic is abse nt).

th
th
Thu s , the seco nd over tone is 5 harm
th
onic

tone
Form ula: C =--:-A£ k
... (i) (½ mark )

Con tinu ing in simi lar way, for p over The dista nce betw een plate s is doub le
the freq uenc y nP is cl = 2d
np = (2p + l)n The new capa citan ce is
odd
Thu s, for a pipe clos ed at one end only C' = A£0 k = A£0 k
( ½ mark ) ... (ii} (' , mark)
harm onic s are pres ent. cl 2d
• Prob lem : Dividing equa tion (ii) by (i),
Give n: 1'1c = 440 Hz C' A£ k d
To.f ind: n 1 and '½= ? - -0- X - - -
C 2d A£0 k
Form ula: nP = (p + l}7'1c
( 1 + 1) X 440
1 1
nl C' = -C - X 20
880 Hz (' 2 mark ) 2 2
 250 UTTAM's XII Physics Papers s l .
---
C' = lOµF
' .. ~
According to Huygens pnnc1ple point A
(1 mark)
as secondary source an d emit· seco dacts
Q .30. State advantages of a potentiometer over a waves in the same medium. Draw normnal ary
voltmeter. to surface PQ. A.N
A resistance of 3 Q is connected in parallel F
N
to a galvanometer of resistance 297 n. Find G
the fraction of current passing through the
galvanometer. (4) E
H
Ans. • Advantages of a potentiometer o ver a
voltmeter :
(i) Potentiometer is more sensitive than a
voltmeter. (½ mark)
p777.r777,rr/7;7777,777T,>777,~r777.r777.777/~?777777rQ
(ii) A potentiometer can be used to measure
a potential difference as well as emf of a Fig. Reflection at a plane surface (1 mark)
cell. A voltmeter always measures terminal Let the incident wavefront move from the
potential difference and as it draws some point B to C in time t = T with velocity v.
current, it cannot be used to measure an emf :. BC= vT
of a cell. ( ½ mark)
During, the same time, the secondary
(iii) Measurement of P.D. or emf is very accurate
in the case of a potentiometer as compare to wave starting from A will travel the same
voltmeter. (½ mark)
distance vT. Taking A as center and vT
(iv) A potentiometer is used to measure a very as radius, draw semi circle. Then draw
small P.D. of order 10- 6 volt and to determine tangent CD to this semi circle. Hence CD
internal resistance of a cell while a voltmeter represent the reflected wavefront bounded by
can not be used to measure small PD and to AG and CH i.e. AD = vT.
determine internal resistance of a cell. Let LEAN = i = Angle of incidence and
(½ mark) LNAD = r = Angle of reflection. ( ½ mark)
• Problem : Int.ABC and t.ADC,
Given: S = 3Q, G = 2g7Q_ AC _ AC ... (Common)
To find: Fraction of current ( f) = ? AD - BC= vT ... (Construction)
Formula: IgG = (I - Ig)S ( ½ mark) LBAC - LADC 90°
From formula, t.ABC - t.ADC
G I- I I LBAC - LDCA ... (CACT) .. . (i) (½ mark)
~ --1
s lg lg From figure ,
G I i + LNAB = go 0

-+ 1
s lg LNAB + LBAC = go 0

G+S I Comparing above equations,

s lg LBAC ... (ii)
!_g s Also ,
I S+G r + LDAC = 90°
3 LDAC + LDCA = 90°
( ½ mark)
3 + 297 Comparing above equations,
!_g 3 3 LDCA = r ... (iii)
= [ -- X 100]%
I 300 300 Putting the values of equations (ii) and (iii)
!_g in equation (i), we get
1% (1 mark)
I l r (I mark)
The fraction of current passing through the i.e. Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
galvanometer is 1 %. • Laws of Reflection :
Q. 31. Explain reflection of light at a plane (i) Angle of incidence is equal to ang1e of
reflecting surface on the basis of Huygen's reflection.
principle. Also state laws of reflection. (4) (ii) The incident ray, reflected ray and normal
Ans. Let PQ be a plane reflecting surface. A plane lies in the same plane .
wavefront AB bounded by two parallel rays EA (iii) Th e mc1dent
· · ray and reflected ray Iies on thekl
and FC is incident on the surface PQ. opposite side of normal. (I ,nar
AB touches the surface PQ at point A at t = 0.