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biostatistics and its application

Biostatistics applies statistical techniques to health-related scientific research, including medicine, biology, and public health. Its applications span various fields such as anatomy, pharmacology, medicine, preventive medicine, biotechnology, community medicine, genetics, nutrition, dental science, and environmental science, focusing on evaluating health programs, comparing treatment efficacy, and understanding health trends. Biostatistics is essential for analyzing data, establishing health norms, and informing health legislation.

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303 views3 pages

biostatistics and its application

Biostatistics applies statistical techniques to health-related scientific research, including medicine, biology, and public health. Its applications span various fields such as anatomy, pharmacology, medicine, preventive medicine, biotechnology, community medicine, genetics, nutrition, dental science, and environmental science, focusing on evaluating health programs, comparing treatment efficacy, and understanding health trends. Biostatistics is essential for analyzing data, establishing health norms, and informing health legislation.

Uploaded by

rajn82150
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is biostatistics and its application?

Biostatistics is the application of statistical techniques to scientific research in health-related


fields, including medicine, biology, and public health, and the development of new tools to
study these areas.

Applications of Biostatistics
In Anatomy and Physiology
 To define what is normal or healthy in a population.
 To find the limits of normality in variables such as weight and pulse rate
etc. in a population.
 To find the correlation between two variables such as height and weight,
whether weight increases or decreases proportionately with height.
In Pharmacology
 To find the action of drug – A drug is given to humans to see whether
the changes produced are due to the drug or by chance.
 To compare the action of two different drugs or two successive dosages
of the same drug.
 To find the relative potency of a new drug with respect to a standard
drug.
In Medicine
 To compare the efficacy of a particular drug, operation or line of
treatment – for this, the percentage cured, relieved or died in the
experiment and control groups, is compared and difference due to
chance or otherwise is found by applying statistical techniques.
 To find an association between two attributes such as cancer and
smoking or filariasis and social class.
 To identify signs and symptoms of a disease or syndrome.
 Cough in typhoid is found by chance and fever is found in almost every
case.
 To test usefulness of sera and vaccines in the field- Percentage of attacks
or deaths among the vaccinated subjects is compared with that among
the unvaccinated ones to find whether the difference observed is
statistically significant.
Clinical medicine
 Documentation of medical history of diseases.
 Planning and conduct of clinical studies.
 Evaluating the merits of different procedures.
 In providing methods for definition of ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’.
Preventive medicine
 To provide the magnitude of any health problem in the community.
 To find out the basic factors underlying the ill- health.
 To evaluate the health programs which was introduced in the
community (success/failure)?
 To introduce and promote health legislation.
In Health Planning and Evaluation
 The methods used in dealing with statistics in the fields of medicine,
biology and public health for planning, conducting and analyzing data.
 In carrying out a valid and reliable health situation analysis, including in
proper summarization and interpretation of data.
 In proper evaluation of the achievements and failures of a health
programs.
In Biotechnology
Study of genetic modification of plants and animals to gene therapy, medicine and
drug manufacturing, reproductive therapy, and even energy production. In all these
cases, research is carried out and testing whether or not it has the desired performance.

In Community Medicine and Public Health


 To evaluate the efficacy of sera and vaccines in the field.
 In epidemiological studies-the role of causative factors is statistically
tested.
 To test whether the difference between two populations is real or a
chance occurrence.
 To study the correlation between attributes in the same population.
 To measure the morbidity and mortality.
 To evaluate achievements of public health programs.
 To fix priorities in public health programs.
 To help promote health legislation and create administrative standards
for oral health.
 It helps in compilation of data, drawing conclusions and making
recommendations.
In Genetics
 Some fundamental aspects in particular the concept of Analysis of
Variance, in Human Genetics, while statistical and probabilistic methods
are now central to many aspects of analysis of questions is human
genetics.
 The most common areas where one can find an extensive applications of
statistical methods in human genetics is * Human Genome Project *
Linkage Analysis * Sequencing.
In Nutrition
Analysis of DNA, RNA, protein, low- molecular-weight metabolites, as well as access
to bioinformatics databases.

In Dental Science
 To find the statistical difference between means of two groups. Ex:
Mean plaque scores of two groups.
 To assess the state of oral health in the community and to determine the
availability and utilization of dental care facilities.
 To indicate the basic factors underlying the state of oral health by
diagnosing the community and find solutions to such problems.
 To determine success or failure of specific oral health care programs or
to evaluate the program action.
 To promote oral health legislation and in creating administrative
standards for oral health care delivery.
In Environmental Science
 Baseline studies to document the present state of an environment to
provide background in case of unknown changes in the future.
 Targeted studies to describe the likely impact of changes being planned
or of accidental occurrences.
 Regular monitoring to attempt to detect changes in the environment.

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