Textbook
• Recommended: Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber, and Jian Pei. Data Mining:
Concepts and Techniques, 3rd edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 2011
• References
• "Data Mining: The Textbook" by Charu Aggarwal
(http://www.charuaggarwal.net/Data-Mining.htm)
• "Data Mining" by Pang-Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach, and Vipin Kumar
(http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~kumar/dmbook/index.php)
• "Machine Learning" by Tom Mitchell
(http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~tom/mlbook.html)
• "Introduction to Machine Learning" by Ethem ALPAYDIN
(http://www.cmpe.boun.edu.tr/~ethem/i2ml/)
• "Pattern Classification" by Richard O. Duda, Peter E. Hart, David G. Stork
(http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471056693.html)
• "The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and
Prediction" by Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, and Jerome Friedman
(http://www-stat.stanford.edu/~tibs/ElemStatLearn/)
• "Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning" by Christopher M. Bishop
(http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/cmbishop/prml/)
11
Goals of the Course
• Know what data mining is and learn the basic
algorithms
• Know how to apply algorithms to real-world
applications
• Provide a starting course for research in data
mining
12
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
13
Why Data Mining?
• The Explosive Growth of Data: from terabytes to petabytes
• Data collection and data availability
• Automated data collection tools, database systems, Web, computerized
society
• Major sources of abundant data
• Business: Web, e-commerce, transactions, stocks, …
• Science: Remote sensing, bioinformatics, scientific simulation, …
• Society and everyone: news, digital cameras, YouTube
• We are drowning in data, but starving for knowledge!
• “Necessity is the mother of invention”—Data mining—Automated analysis of
massive data sets
14
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
15
What Is Data Mining?
• Data mining (knowledge discovery from data)
• Extraction of interesting (non-trivial, implicit, previously unknown
and potentially useful) patterns or knowledge from huge amount
of data
• Alternative names
• Knowledge discovery (mining) in databases (KDD), knowledge
extraction, data/pattern analysis, data archeology, data dredging,
information harvesting, business intelligence, etc.
16
Knowledge Discovery (KDD) Process
• This is a view from typical database
systems and data warehousing
Pattern Evaluation
communities
• Data mining plays an essential role in
the knowledge discovery process
Data Mining
Task-relevant Data
Data Warehouse Selection
Data Cleaning
Data Integration
Databases
17
Data Mining in Business Intelligence
Increasing potential
to support
business decisions End User
Decision
Making
Data Presentation Business
Analyst
Visualization Techniques
Data Mining Data
Information Discovery Analyst
Data Exploration
Statistical Summary, Querying, and Reporting
Data Preprocessing/Integration, Data Warehouses
DBA
Data Sources
Paper, Files, Web documents, Scientific experiments, Database Systems
18
KDD Process: A Typical View from ML and Statistics
Input Data Data Pre- Data Post-
Processing Mining Processing
Data integration Pattern discovery Pattern evaluation
Normalization Association & correlation Pattern selection
Feature selection Classification Pattern interpretation
Clustering
Dimension reduction Pattern visualization
Outlier analysis
…………
• This is a view from typical machine learning and statistics communities
19
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
20
Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• Data to be mined
• Database data (extended-relational, object-oriented, heterogeneous,
legacy), data warehouse, transactional data, stream, spatiotemporal,
time-series, sequence, text and web, multi-media, graphs & social and
information networks
• Knowledge to be mined (or: Data mining functions)
• Characterization, discrimination, association, classification, clustering,
trend/deviation, outlier analysis, etc.
• Descriptive vs. predictive data mining
• Multiple/integrated functions and mining at multiple levels
• Techniques utilized
• Data-intensive, data warehouse (OLAP), machine learning, statistics,
pattern recognition, visualization, high-performance, etc.
• Applications adapted
• Retail, telecommunication, banking, fraud analysis, bio-data mining,
stock market analysis, text mining, Web mining, etc.
21
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
22
Matrix Data
23
Set Data
TID Items
1 Bread, Coke, Milk
2 Beer, Bread
3 Beer, Coke, Diaper, Milk
4 Beer, Bread, Diaper, Milk
5 Coke, Diaper, Milk
24
Text Data
• “Text mining, also referred to as text data mining, roughly
equivalent to text analytics, refers to the process of deriving
high-quality information from text. High-quality information
is typically derived through the devising of patterns and
trends through means such as statistical pattern learning.
Text mining usually involves the process of structuring the
input text (usually parsing, along with the addition of some
derived linguistic features and the removal of others, and
subsequent insertion into a database), deriving patterns
within the structured data, and finally evaluation and
interpretation of the output. 'High quality' in text mining
usually refers to some combination of relevance, novelty,
and interestingness. Typical text mining tasks include text
categorization, text clustering, concept/entity extraction,
production of granular taxonomies, sentiment analysis,
document summarization, and entity relation modeling (i.e.,
learning relations between named entities).” –from wiki
25
Text Data – Topic Modeling
26
Text Data – Word Embedding
king - man + woman = queen
27
Sequence Data
28
Sequence Data – Seq2Seq
29
Time Series
30
Graph / Network
31
Graph / Network
– Community Detection
32
Image Data
33
Image Data – Neural Style Transfer
34
Image Data – Image Captioning
35
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
36
Data Mining Function: Association and Correlation Analysis
• Frequent patterns (or frequent itemsets)
• What items are frequently purchased together in
your Walmart?
• Association, correlation vs. causality
• A typical association rule
• Diaper Beer [0.5%, 75%] (support, confidence)
37
Data Mining Function: Classification
• Classification and label prediction
• Construct models (functions) based on some training examples
• Describe and distinguish classes or concepts for future prediction
• E.g., classify countries based on (climate), or classify cars based on (gas
mileage)
• Predict some unknown class labels
• Typical methods
• Decision trees, naïve Bayesian classification, support vector
machines, neural networks, rule-based classification, pattern-based
classification, logistic regression, …
• Typical applications:
• Credit card fraud detection, direct marketing, classifying stars,
diseases, web-pages, …
38
Image Classification Example
39
Data Mining Function: Cluster Analysis
• Unsupervised learning (i.e., Class label is unknown)
• Group data to form new categories (i.e., clusters), e.g., cluster
houses to find distribution patterns
• Principle: Maximizing intra-class similarity & minimizing interclass
similarity
• Many methods and applications
40
Clustering Example
41
Data Mining Functions: Others
• Prediction
• Similarity search
• Ranking
• Outlier detection
•…
42
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
43
Data Mining: Confluence of Multiple Disciplines
Machine Pattern Statistics
Learning Recognition
Applications Visualization
Data Mining
Algorithm Database High-Performance
Technology Computing
44
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
45
Applications of Data Mining
• Web page analysis: from web page classification, clustering to
PageRank & HITS algorithms
• Collaborative analysis & recommender systems
• Basket data analysis to targeted marketing
• Biological and medical data analysis: classification, cluster
analysis (microarray data analysis), biological sequence analysis,
biological network analysis
• Data mining and software engineering (e.g., IEEE Computer, Aug.
2009 issue)
• Social media
• Game
46
Google Flu Trends
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6111nS66
Dpk
47
NetFlix Prize
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_e2sNYYfxA
48
Facebook MyPersonality App
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOZArvMMHKs
49
1. Introduction
• Why Data Mining?
• What Is Data Mining?
• A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
• What Kinds of Data Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
• What Kinds of Technologies Are Used?
• What Kinds of Applications Are Targeted?
• Content covered by this course
50
Methods to Learn
Matrix Data Text Data Recommender Graph & Network
System
Classification Decision Tree; Naïve Label Propagation
Bayes; Logistic
Regression
SVM; NN
Clustering K-means; hierarchical PLSA; Matrix Factorization SCAN; Spectral
clustering; DBSCAN; LDA Clustering
Mixture Models;
kernel k-means
Prediction Linear Regression Collaborative Filtering
GLM
Ranking PageRank
Feature Word embedding Network embedding
Representation
52
Where to Find References? DBLP, CiteSeer, Google
• Data mining and KDD (SIGKDD: CDROM)
• Conferences: ACM-SIGKDD, IEEE-ICDM, SIAM-DM, PKDD, PAKDD, etc.
• Journal: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, KDD Explorations, ACM TKDD
• Database systems (SIGMOD: ACM SIGMOD Anthology—CD ROM)
• Conferences: ACM-SIGMOD, ACM-PODS, VLDB, IEEE-ICDE, EDBT, ICDT, DASFAA
• Journals: IEEE-TKDE, ACM-TODS/TOIS, JIIS, J. ACM, VLDB J., Info. Sys., etc.
• AI & Machine Learning
• Conferences: Machine learning (ML), AAAI, IJCAI, COLT (Learning Theory), CVPR, NIPS, etc.
• Journals: Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge and Information Systems, IEEE-
PAMI, etc.
• Web and IR
• Conferences: SIGIR, WWW, CIKM, etc.
• Journals: WWW: Internet and Web Information Systems,
• Statistics
• Conferences: Joint Stat. Meeting, etc.
• Journals: Annals of statistics, etc.
• Visualization
• Conference proceedings: CHI, ACM-SIGGraph, etc.
• Journals: IEEE Trans. visualization and computer graphics, etc.
53
Recommended Reference Books
• E. Alpaydin. Introduction to Machine Learning, 2nd ed., MIT Press, 2011
• S. Chakrabarti. Mining the Web: Statistical Analysis of Hypertex and Semi-Structured Data. Morgan Kaufmann, 2002
• R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart, and D. G. Stork, Pattern Classification, 2ed., Wiley-Interscience, 2000
• T. Dasu and T. Johnson. Exploratory Data Mining and Data Cleaning. John Wiley & Sons, 2003
• U. M. Fayyad, G. Piatetsky-Shapiro, P. Smyth, and R. Uthurusamy. Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. AAAI/MIT
Press, 1996
• U. Fayyad, G. Grinstein, and A. Wierse, Information Visualization in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Morgan Kaufmann,
2001
• J. Han, M. Kamber, and J. Pei, Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques. Morgan Kaufmann, 3rd ed. , 2011
• T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction, 2nd ed.,
Springer, 2009
• B. Liu, Web Data Mining, Springer 2006
• T. M. Mitchell, Machine Learning, McGraw Hill, 1997
• Y. Sun and J. Han, Mining Heterogeneous Information Networks, Morgan & Claypool, 2012
• P.-N. Tan, M. Steinbach and V. Kumar, Introduction to Data Mining, Wiley, 2005
• S. M. Weiss and N. Indurkhya, Predictive Data Mining, Morgan Kaufmann, 1998
• I. H. Witten and E. Frank, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques with Java Implementations, Morgan
Kaufmann, 2nd ed. 2005
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