CERTC – ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING R G S Review Guide Series Analytic Geometry 2 R G S

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2 2 2
CONIC SECTIONS In modern mathematics, conics is defined as the
49. Given the equation 3x + 2y – 4y + 7 = 0. 57) The equation of a circle is x + y – 8x + 1 = 0. locus of a point which moves in such a way that
Determine the directrix. Determine the area enclosed. the ratio of its distance from a fixed point (focus)
A. x = -31/24 * C. x = -3/8 A. 12π C. 10π 1.1 Conic Sections and a fixed line (directrix) is constant. The
1.2 Circle constant ratio is called eccentricity.
B. x = -5/3 D. x = -49/24 B. 20π D. 15π * 1.3 Parabola
1.4 Ellipse
2 2
50. Two circles has the equation x + y – 10x + 4y 58) Determine the diameter of a circle described by 1.5 Hyperbola
2 2 2 2
= 196 and x + y – 6y = 0. Determine the ratio 9x + 9y = 16. 1.6 Homework
of their perimeters. A. 4/3 C. 16/9
A. 3 C. 4
B. 8/3 * D. 4
B. 2 D. 5 * I. DEFINITIONS:
2 2 2
51) Find the area of the curve x + y + 6x – 12y + 9 59) The equation of a parabola is x = -6y. Find the
= 0. coordinates of the focus. Conic sections or simply conics are curves
A. 125 sq. units C. 113 sq. units A. (0,-3/2) * C. (0,3/2) obtained from the intersection of a plane with a
right circular cone. Depending on the
B. 92 sq. units D. 138 sq. units B. (3/2,0) D. (-3/2,0) orientation
of the plane
52) Determine the area of the circle whose center is 60) Determine the equation of the hyperbola whose Circle : ( If eccentricity, e = 0 )
with respect
at (2,-5) and tangent to the line 4x + 3y = 8. asymptotes are y = ±2x and which passes to the cone, Ellipse : ( If eccentricity, e < 1 )
through (5/2, 3).
A. 10π C. 8π four basic
Parabola
2 2
A. 4x – y – 12 = 0 types of : ( If eccentricity, e = 1 )
B. 9π * D. 12π
2 2
B. 4x – y – 16 = 0 * conics can Hyperbola : ( If eccentricity, e > 1 )
53) A hut has a parabolic cross section whose 2 2 be
C. x – 4y + 20 = 0
height is 10 m and whose base is 20 m wide. If generated.
2 2 GENERAL EQUATION:
a ceiling 12 m wide is to be placed inside the D. x – 2y – 10x + 8y + 13 = 0 See figure.
hut, how high will it be above the base? 61) Find the equation of the parabola whose vertex
A. 6.0 C. 6.8 is the origin and whose focus is the point (0,2). Circle - cutting plane parallel to the “base”. Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
2 2
A. x = 8y * C. x = -8y
B. 6.4 D. 7.0 Ellipse - cutting plane not parallel to any
2 2
B. y = 8x D. y = -8x element of the circular cone Two ways of determining the type of conics from
2
54) A curve has a general equation of the form Ax + 62) Refers to a straight line towards which a curve the given general equation:
2
By + F = 0. If it passes through (4,0) and (0,3), Parabola - cutting plane parallel to the slant
approaches but never meets.
find the specific equation. A. tangent C.secant height ΠBy Comparing Coefficients of the quadratic
2 2
A. 9x + 16y = 144*
2
C. 16x + 9y = 144
2
B. asymptote* D. intersection Hyperbola - cutting plane parallel to the terms, (B = 0):
2 2
B. 9x + 16y = 12
2
D. 16x + 9y = 12
2 axis.
63) The axis of the hyperbola passes through the
foci, vertices and center is called From: Ax2 + Cy 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
55) Determine the location of the focus of the A. conjugate C.transverse* Passing the plane through the right circular
2
parabola x = 4(y – 2). B. major axis D. minor axis cone in a certain specific ways produces what If,
A. (0,3) C. (0,-3) we called as degenerate conics, which include a
64) A chord passing through the focus of a parabola
± A = ± C , the conic is a CIRCLE
point, a line, and two lines.
B. (0,2) D. (0,-2) perpendicular to its axis, is called
A. directrix C.parabolic POINT LINE INTERSECTING LINES ± A ≠ ± C , the conic is an ELLIPSE
56) The towers of a parabolic suspension bridge 200 B. focus D. latus rectum*
m long are 40 m high and the lowest point of
65) Find the value of k for which the equation x +
2 A or C is zero, the conic is a PARABOLA
the cable is 10 m above the roadway to the 2
cable at 50 m from the center. y + 4x – 2y – k = 0 represents a point circle.
A. – 4 C. – 6 A & C opposite sign, the conic is a HYPERBOLA
A. 12.5 m C. 20.5 m
B. – 5 * D. – 3
B. 17.5 m * D. 18.5 m God Bless!

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 CERTC – ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING R G S Review Guide Series Analytic Geometry 2 R G S
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 By Discriminant: III. PARABOLA, (e=1): 30. Determine the eccentricity of the ellipse 4x2 40. Find the eccentricity of the curve 9x2 – 4y2 –
2 2 + 25y2 + 8x – 100y + 4 = 0. 36x + 8y = 4.
From: Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0 The locus of a point which moves so that it A. 0.829 C. 0.894 A. 1.80* C. 1.90
2 is always equidistant from a fixed point B. 1.70 D. 1.60
If, the discriminant, B − 4AC < 0 , the conic called focus and a fixed line called directrix. B. 0.916 * D. 0.963
is: 41. An arch in the form of an inverted parabola
31. Determine the area of the triangle whose and has a span of 12 feet at the base and a
B2 − 4AC < 0, the conic is an ellipse if A ≠ C vertices in polar coordinates area A height of 12 ft. Determine the vertical
B2 − 4AC < 0, the conic is a circle if A ≠ C clearance of the parabola 4 feet from the
(0,0°), B (6,20°) and C (8,50°). vertical centerline.
B2 − 4AC = 0, the conic is a parabola A. 10 C. 16 A. 7.33 ft C. 6.00 ft
2 B. 12* D. 20 B. 5.33 ft D. 6.67 ft
B − 4AC > 0, the conic is a hyperbola
32. Determine the location of the focus of the 42. Given an ellipse x2/36 + y2/32 = 1. Determine
II. CIRCLE, (e=0): parabola x2 = 4 ( y − 2 ) . the distance between foci.
The plane figure obtained as a locus of a A. (0,3) * C. (0,-3) A. 2 C. 3
point whose distance from a fixed point q General Equation: B. (0,2) D. (0,-2) B. 4 * D. 5
called the center is constant.
Ax 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 → Axis Parallel to the y-axis 33. Compute the length of the latus rectum of 43. The directrix of a parabola is the line y = 5
the hyperbola 9x2-4y2+90x+189=0. and its focus is the point (4, -3). What is the
Ay + Dx + Ey + F = 0 → Axis Parallel to the x-axis
2
length of its latus rectum?
A. 9 * C. 6
B. 8 D. 7 A. 12 C. 16
q Standard Equations: B. 14 D. 18
34. Given the curve 9x2 – 4y2 – 36x + 8y – 4 = 0. 44. Find the value of k for which the length of the
ü Vertex @ the origin (0,0) Determine the coordinates of the center. tangent from point (5,4) to the circle x2 + y2 +
y 2 = 4ax → opens to the right A. (2,1) * C. (2,3) 2ky = 0 is one
y 2 = −4ax → opens to the left B. (1,8) D. (2,0) A. -7 C. +4
B. -5 D. +6
x 2 = 4ay → opens upward 35. Compute the length of the latus rectum of
q General Equation: x 2 = −4ay → opens downward the hyperbola 9x2 – 4y2 + 90x + 189 = 0. 45. Find the area bounded by the curve
A. 9 * C. 7
Ax2 + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
B. 8 D. 6 x2 = 8y and its latus rectum.
ü Vertex @ (h,k) A. 3.67 C. 10.67*
x2 + y2 + dx + ey + f = 0
36. How far apart are directrices of the curve B. 5.33 D. 7.33
q Standard Equation: 2
( y − k ) = 4a ( x − h) → opens to the right 25x2 + 9y2 – 300x – 144y + 1251 = 0?
2 A. 10.5 C. 12.5* 46. Find the length of the tangent from point
( x − h)2 + ( y − k )2 = r2 ( y − k ) = −4a ( x − h) → opens to the left B. 15.2 D. 13.2 (7,8) to the circle x^2+y^2-9=0.
2
( x − h) = 4a ( y − k ) → opens upward A. 6 2 C. 2 26 *
§ Coordinate of the center:
37. The parabola y = - x2 – 6x – 9 opens:
−d −e
2
( x − h) = −4a ( y − k ) → opens downward B. 3 10 D. 2 18
h= ; k= A. downward* C.upward
2 2 47. Find the coordinates of the focus of the
B. to the left D. to the right
➊ Coordinate of the Vertex: parabola x2=4y-8.
q Equation Given Ends of Diameter: ￭ If C = 0 :(axis vertical) A. (0,-3) C. (2,0)
38. Find the equation of hyperbola whose
B. (0,3)* D. (0,-2)
Let : −D asymptotes are : y = ± 2 and which asses
? h= through (5/2, 3).
P1(x1, y1 ) ⎫ 2A 48. Rewrite x2 – 2y2 = 2 in polar coordinates.
⎬ ends of diameter A. 4x2 – y2 = 16 * C. 4x2 – 25y2 = 16
￭ If A = 0 :(axis horizontal) A. r2 cos2θ – 2 r2 sin2θ = 2
P2 (x 2, y 2 )⎭ B. 4x2 – 2y2 = 16 D. 25x2 – 4y2 = 16
−E
?k = B. 2r2 (cos2θ + sin2θ) = 2
Equation: 2C 39. Find the major axis of the ellipse x2 + 4y2 –
2x – 8y + 1 = 0. C. rcos2θ + 2 r2 sin2θ = 2
(x − x1 )(x − x 2 ) + (y − y1 )(y − y 2 ) = 0
A. 2 * C. 8
D. none of these
B. 4 D. 5

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 CERTC – ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING R G S Review Guide Series Analytic Geometry 2 R G S
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13. If eccentricity of a conic is equal to one , 21. Find the eccentricity of the curve 9x2 – 4y2 – ➋ Focal Distance (a): q General Equation:
the conic has _____vertices. 36x + 8y – 4 = 0. −E
A. 2 C. 1 * A. 1.6 C. 1.4 ￭ If C = 0 : ? a= Ax 2 + Cy 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
B. more than 2 D. no vertex B. 1.8* D. 2.2 4A

−D q Standard Equations: Center @ C (h,k)

14. Determine the equation of the hyperbola 22. If the length of the major and the minor axis ￭ If A = 0 : ? a=
whose asymptotes are y = ± 2x and which of an ellipse is 10 cm and 8 cm, respectively, 4C
passes through (5/2,3). what is the eccentricity of the ellipse? § Major Axis Horizontal
2 2
A. 4x2 – y2 – 12 = 0 A. 0.5 C. 0.8 IV. ELLIPSE, (e<1): ( x − h) (y − k )
B. 4x2 – y2 – 16 = 0* B. 0.7 D. 0.6* + =1
a2 b2
C. x2 – 4y2 + 20 = 0 Is the locus of a point which moves so that
D. x2 – 2y – 10 = 0 23. Find the focus of the parabola (x + 2)2 = - the sum of its distance from two fixed points
§ Major Axis Vertical
16(y – 3). (foci) is constant and is equal to the length of
15. Determine The equation of the curve such 2 2

that the sum of the distances of any point on

A. (-2,3) C. (-2,-1) * the major axis. ( x − h) +
(y − k ) =1
B. (-2,1) D. (-3,1) b2 a2
the curve from two points whose coordinate
are (-3,0) and (3,0) is always equal to 8.
24. Which of the following is the equivalent polar q Key Formulas:
A. 4x2 + 6y2 – 91 = 0
coordinate of the point (3,4)?
B. 7x2 + 16y2 – 112 = 0*
C. 7x2 + 12y2 – 110 = 0 A. (7,36.87°) C. (5,36.87°) B. 2a = length of major axis
D. 4x2 + 12y2 – 121 = 0 (5,53.13°) * D. (7,53.13°) 2b = length of min or axis
16. How far from the x-axis is the focus of the 2b2
25. Find the equation of a parabola with axes = length of latus rectum
curve x2 – 2y2 + 4x + 4y + 4 = 0 a
A. 2.12 C. 2.04 vertical and passing through (0,0), (1,0) and
(5,-20). ⎛a⎞
B. 2.54 D. 2.73* d = ⎜ ⎟ = dis tan ce from center to directrix
A. x 2 + x − y = 0 C. x 2 − x + y = 0 * ⎝e⎠
17. In a given ellipse, the distance between foci c = ea = dis tan ce from center to focus
is 2c and between vertices 2a. Determine B. x 2 + 2x − y = 0 D. x 2 − 2x − 2 = 0
the distance from one of the foci to the Relationship among a, b, and c:
nearest vertex. 26. Find the equation of the directrix of the
A. a + c C. c – a 2
parabola ( x + 2) = −16 ( y − 3 ) .
B. a – c* D. (a + c) /2 a2 = b2 + c 2
A. y = 5 C. y = -5
18. Determine the coordinates of one of the B. y = -7 D. y = 7* V. HYPERBOLA, (e>1):
focus of the curve r2(16 cos2 θ -9 sin2θ) =
144 27. Find the equation of the locus moving points Is the locus of a point which moves so that
A. (4,0) C. (-4,1) which moves so that it is always equidistant the sum of its distance from two fixed points
B. (5,-2) D. (-5,0) * (foci) is constant and is equal to the length of
from the line y = 3 and the point ( 0, −3 ) .
the major axis.
19. A point moves so that the difference A. x 2 + y 2 − 4x = 25 C. x + y = 3
between its distance from (0.5) and (0,-5) is 2
8. Find the equation of the locus. B. x + 12y = 0 * D. − y 2 − 4x = 12
A. 16y2 – 9x2 = 144
B. 9y2 – 16x2 = 144* 28. The semi-conjugate axis of the hyperbola
C. 10y2 – 8x2 = 225 x2/9 – y2/4 = 1 is
D. 8y2 – 10x2 = 225 A. 2 * C. 3
B. 9 D. 4
20. Find the equation of the parabola with vertex
at (5-,2) and focus at (5,-4). 29. How far is the centroid of the circle x2 + y2 –
A. x2 – 10x + 4y – 30 = 0 10x – 24y + 25 = 0 from the line y + 2 = 0.
B. x2 – 6y – 36 = 0
C. x2 – 10x – 6y + 40 = 0 A. 15 C. 12
D. x2 – 10x + 81 + 41 = 0* B. 13 D. 14 *

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 CERTC – ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING R G S Review Guide Series Analytic Geometry 2 R G S
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Sample Problems
13) From the given equation of the hyperbola 4. Determine the equation of the curve such
16y2 – 9x2 + 36x + 96y – 36 = 0. Find the that the sum of the distances of any point
center of the hyperbola. on the curve from two points whose
1) What conic section is represented by the coordinates are (-3,0) and ( 3, 0) is always
equation x2 + 4y2 + 4xy + 2x – 10 = 0 14) Find the eccentricity of the hyperbola whose equal to 8.
equation is 16x2 – 9y2 – 128x – 90y – 113 = A. 7x2 + 16y2 – 112 = 0 *
2) Identify the graph of the equation x2+y2+3x- 0. B. 7x2 + 16y2 + 112 = 0
2y+4=0. C. 16x2 + 7y2 – 112 = 0
15) Find the equation of the asymptotes for a D. 16x2 + 7y2 + 112 = 0
3) Determine the circumference of a circle hyperbola (y – 5)2 – (x + 5)2 = 36.
whose equation is x2 + y2 + 6x – 8y + 16 = 0. 5. Find the focus of the parabola y2 + 4y – 4x –
16) Find the eccentricity of a hyperbola whose 8 =0.
4) Find the equation of the circle circumscribing transverse and conjugate axes are equal in A. (-2,-2) * C. (1,-2)
a triangle whose vertices are at (0,0), (0,5) length. B. (2,2) D. (-2,1)
Note: Eccentricity(e)=f/g>1 and (3,3).
2a = length of the transverse axis 17) Change the equation (x2 + y2)3 = 4x2y2 to 6. What is the center of the curve x2 + y2 – 2x –
2b = length of the conjugate axis 5) Determine the value of k so that x2+y2- polar coordinates. 4y – 31 = 0.
2d = distance between directrices 8x+10y+k=0 is the equation of circle of A. ( -1 , -2 ) C. (1, -2 )
2c = distance between foci radius 7. 18) Determine the length of the latus rectum of B. ( -1 , 2 ) D. ( 1 , 2 ) *
the curve r cos2 θ – 4 cos θ = 16 sin θ.
q General Equation: 6) Find the shortest distance from A(3,8) to the 7. An ellipse has an eccentricity of 1/3. What is
circle x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y = 12. 19) Find the area of the triangle whose vertices the length of the semi-major axis if the
have polar coordinates of (0,0o), (6,20o) and distance between the foci is 4?
Ax 2 − Cy 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 → Tranverse axis horizontal 7) Find the equation of the parabola with vertex (8,50o). A. 16 C. 6*
Cy 2 − Ax 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 → Transverse axis vertical at (5,-2) and focus at (5,-4). B. 18 D. 8
20) Given the equation of the curve:
8) Compute the focal length and the length of 8. Find the area of the circle whose
latus rectum of parabola y2 + 8x – 6y + 25 = r2(4sin2 θ + 9cos2 θ) = 36 equation is x2 + y2 = 6x - 8y.
q Standard Equations: Center @ C(h,k) A. 25π* C. 5π
0 .
a. Find the area enclosed by the curve B. 15π D. 20π
§ Transverse Axis-Horizontal §Transverse
9) An arch 18 m high has the form of a b. Determine the length of its latus
Axis-Vertical 9. Find the eccentricity of a hyperbola whose
parabola with vertical axis. The length of the rectum
2 2 2 2 transverse and conjugate axes are equal in
( x − h) −
(y − k) =1
(y − k) −
( x − h) =1
horizontal beam placed across the arc 8 m length.
a2 b2 a2 b2 from the top is 64m. Find the width of the
arch at the bottom. A. 2 * C. 2
Note: “a” is always the denominator of the
positive term.
144 = 0
2 2
10) Given the equation: 9x + 4y – 24y – 72x + Take Home B. 3 D. 3
10. Compute the length of the latus rectum of
q Key Formulas:
D E
a. Determine the eccentricity of the curve.
b. Find the area enclosed by the curve
1. Exam
Find the area bounded by the curve 9x2 +
25y2 + 18x – 100y = 116.
the hyperbola 9x2– 4y2 + 90x +189 = 0.
A. 9 * C. 7
? h= k= → coordinate of the center B. 8 D. 6
−2A −2A A. 15π* C. 20π
11) The major axis of the elliptical path in which B. 24π D. 31π 11. An arc 18 m high has the form of a parabola
? a = A & b = C → if A > C ⎫⎪ with the axis vertical. If the width of the arc 8
⎬ length of a & b the satellite moves around the earth is
? a = C & b = A → if C > A ⎪⎭ approximately 186,000,000 miles and the 2. What is the circumference of an ellipse m from the top is 64 m, find the width of the
eccentricity of the ellipse is 1/60. Find the whose diameters are fourteen and ten arc at the bottom.
? a = C & b = A → if C > A maximum altitude of the satellite. meters. A. 96 * C. 98
a A. 38.22* C. 34.26
?d= → dis tance from center to directrx B. 94 D. 92
e 12) An ellipse has its center at (0,0) with its axis B. 41.62 D. 42.43
c horizontal. The distance between the 12. The set of all points in a plane equidistant
?e = → eccentricity vertices is 8 and its eccentricity is 0.5. 3. What conic section is represented by x2 +
a from a fixed point and a fixed line.
Compute the length of the longest focal y2 – 4x + 2y – 20 = 0. A. circle C. ellipse
§ Relationship among a, b, & c: c2 = a2 + b2 radius from point (2,3) on the curve. A. circle* C. ellipse B. parabola* D. hyperbola
B. parabola D. hyperbola

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