Chapter 4 Applications of the Derivative Section 1 Related Rates Vz 43 3 ©) 1, The volume Vof.a sphere increases at a constant rate of 4 cm°/sec. Find the rate at Which the radius r ofthe sphere changes when r= 2 em. GW. acm, dee y dy amr dt dt ar ® We dv dr => 4= 4nr dt ov de a +t Oo a fe De aT ©) 2. The volume, Vem*, of water in a container is given by the expression V= 12? where f cm is the depth of the water. Water is pouring into the container at a steady rate of 90 cm*/sec. Find the rate, in cm/s, at which the depth of water is increasing when f= 3.cm. de hal @: dv = g0em?/, ) Ghe?) dvs 3cn* dt bh qVz dv yan) 5) abe l2cl= oO pale 9O= 36h sd 5 @y 1 a6) 1s {5 [ol sl = Semis ade ant aca 1a ey(67) 3. If f(x) = 2x" — 3x, estimate f(5.01) using f(x). QD Fear -FO 2 Con 5.01 -X 20.01 K-5 Flys 4x-3 @® — €ls.o- FCs) ~ €'cs) > Oo! F(s0l) 35 19 o-o1 | @® F(so)- 35208 F(S.01 = 3540119 = 25.19 4 ® 4, The radius of a sphere is increasing at a rate of — cm/sec. When the radius is 3 m cm, the rate of change of the volume is kcm’/sec. What whole number is equal to Re 4 The volume of a sphere of radius ris 3-71". Note that, no units are required in your answer. & des ams , du=? , dv = 4m? dt de ar dv = dv xde 5 dV. ar 0 a ae ti AY = oT = @ ane ‘A > lor? > loc = 44 Kz 144 cw 3Section 2 Rates of Change (© 5. A particle Pmoves along the x-axis so that, at time ¢ seconds, its displacement from the origin O is x meters, where x= ¢— 8¢ + 21¢~ 18. 2) Find an expression forthe velocity vinvsec, of P, in terms of b) Give the values oft for which the particle i at est, and the distances of P from Oat these times. © Find the two values of «for which the particle is at O, and the distance traveled by Phetween these times. x ely Ke t3- Bere -18, A Ve 3e7- ot +2 B) Panicle 15 at vest 3 V=0 Xp=0 xcS)- 4 B3t?-lee 421=6 cz t-3) 4-2 3 X@= 3°-8ay*4210 1820 % xcAY= @) - 8(4)7421(4)-I8 = 0-148. co) Parkde 1s at O3 x=a (‘ Can use _sate_toat Al do longev way ) (81121 3,614 1% i VI + Put ONHT You aer @ leonsrontl 5 £3 Gt 4aig-1g boemicent} £245, t-35 to2 2435 BA 7 ESS o | ¢ Bt 7 2 a tZ 8m Pearticle \s cat # Ogin ak Is £ ges im away mn 2-335 r at 35 fe permice gues track Sm oopsD veto V=27*4+¢ =1Om/s ® az 2e G= 25 slams? 2 AEa= Vi-w Veme lo Vesy= 31 ae 2 42-8 BI-'0 = 2B =Amis . a d) azo = 220 20Section 3 Local Maximum and Local Minimum © 7. Consider the function given by y = 2x" + 3x? - 36x + 1 a) Using the second derivative test, identify each of the extreme values of the function as a local maximum or a local minimum. b) Find the intervals on which the function is concave up and those where it is concave down. W O) Y= 62? tbxz-36 =o Yos 70 min Mel2 | t= 2 gO <0 max + yl laxte fst dev. & Words 80 2 370 so minimum at X=2 YYED==3O_ -D =BSCO sO Maximum ar x= -3 Bb yNag 79 MIN VW? LY concave up uw yiQLo max AY MA concore down » Second der x g's Cn We L lL yaOxte=¢g x7 G(2x+1) =6 Yc conc down + ee ote 2 ao y= X* 44x -47 x=F ae-1 x =i 7 y! | Le | a | a Maximem A= -I1 minimum Z= F ~P| vlP “pw mox min quation ii POIs Whee y= xP +/sor—/4 8 Ave Gunchon changes ie concavily. lis Ox +5020 X= -SSection 4 Optimization @ 10. Given a right circular cone of base radius rcm and height A cm such that r+ h= 24cm, find the values of rand A for which the volume of the cone is maximum and hence, find the maximum volume Volume of RIGKT CIRCLURR CoWE= he 24-1 o eae Omv>- TH =v > 3 ® viz lon =0 Tr(Ie-r) Y=l6)r=0 Yio 'G Wi — 2\ NM Moy X= 16 @_ ——-WitleS= 2O#BD om? 3 Nz 24-16 = 3@® 12. The volume Vof an open box with a square base of side x cm is 640 cm®. What is the height of the box if x= 8 cm? Give your answer without the centimeter unit for the height. V=6u40 x Guo= X*h 640= 8*h Wz GUO =(0 ca 13. [G1] The surface area of a cylinder with base radius rand height / is given by S=2nrh+ 2nr°. Its volume is given by V =r" h. If V= 3,456 cm’, then the b , surface area, in cm’, can be expressed as S=—1+ 2nr°, where bis a whole r number to be determined. a) What is the value of b? b) For what value of ris the surface area minimal? Give your answer with the centimeter unit for r. a) No h so etmmate b) $2 rl 4em? Ve Tih S= -2V +4Tr=0 hz _V Ui rl AV. fire S= 2TH (ars) + am 7 Uta amr Fey et > 2XBaser 427117 (= ie SP [p= i om 2 b= 6% =i2 Shovicuy: bz any rie an(9 14. The volume V of an open box with a square base of side xcm is 13,500 cm’. For what value of the height is the surface area of the box minimal? Give your answer without the centimeter unit for the height Vz <*h uv hz \3s06 @ 24V zx? 202)(9 15. A square of side xcm is removed from each comer of a cardboard that measures 21 cm by 8 cm. The sides of the cardboard are then folded vertically upwards to make an open top box of height x. The volume of the resulting box, in cm’, is V = 4x’ —[]. +168x. What whole number must replace the empty box [_] in the equation for V? ai VeLywxn | (Al-a6 8-2 OO (loe- 42x -lox +4x2) x G@v>-s8x*+1690) O: sa (8) 16, [G1] A square of side xcm is removed from each corner of a square cardboard that measures 20 cm by 20 cm. The sides of the cardboard are then folded vertically upwards to make an open top box of height x. The value of x for k Which the volume of the open top box is maximum is =; cm, where kis a whole number to be determined. What is the value of k? Ve \Kwxh (210-29 0-20) Ox 02d? Od x2 — Gox4 400) x Vz Av? - Ox* Yoox V's 12%?- 1p0x4400 — VClo)=10 x10 X= 10 Vey= 3492-54.. z 3 lo % ‘le (ae marzio =o aA \y | 2Section 5 Curve Sketching 81) 17, Sketch the curve of y= f(x) = 3x — 4¥°. K> 00 420 KI3-& y 200 Y= (23-12% I2X*(X-N x20 / x= | 1 2 y's Box — 2yx 2x C3x-2) X20 2ez 3 “jt lo | | y! Sy} 4]—-1 + af cf SIC-3 ub 1 . 2) 18, Sketch the graph of y= -—. Sub me KLO-S 22-1 Vv af -\| = ©x -x-3 9) 19. Sketch the graph of y= x-2 Ve 2S = res. Va. x=2 Hip: nd hove al N xdeg > Ax deg Ololiqee Asdec x 70 ne x20 1 xtedx> =0 4x*(34%) Kz0 K=-3 “2 dec (-,-35 (nc C-3, 00)9 22, [G1] Which of the following is true about the function given by y= 1(2)=—84 oH x —64 Select all that apply and enter their labels in the same order as they appear (ascending order), inter the labels without any spaces or commas. & {s a vertical asymptote for its graph. 8 is a vertical asymptote for its graph. 8 is a horizontal asymptote for its graph. is a horizontal asymptote for its graph. is a vertical asymptote for its graph. ? (® 23, (T] The equation of a curve is y= x? — 4x+9. (a) Show that the whole of the curve lies above the x-axis. (b) Find the set of values of x for which 4x +9 is a decreasing function of x. The equation of a line is y= x-+ k, where kis a constany (0) In the case where &= 5, find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the line and the curve. (@) Find the value of & for which the line is a tangent to the curve. OX<* Kee OS~ b*-dac a72 parabola Opens (6 - 4c ueworel 10) 0. (@) Obtain an expression for f (x) and hence explain why fis an increasing function. (b) Obtain an expression for F(x) and state the domain of F! ® ys 3Cexced7 CS) -2 15 Csx4D>-2 120 “increasing Gunekon X= Gyryi_o i a= sue? ge Yen -2 Si! (OYr2q)y => od Bieuee! [a [ed Gu2*= 2726 Gxr? = 9 (sxs2}o*g-2 me Fem e ele -2 Lee Ss oO: xz2e¢Ys oudww-4 HX (4x-3)* -1 re) IMlesecly Y-aK K=O yf 1Gx*— 24K 48 m=z & yt BCKx-d U Y= Bx-9 5G D Yzlexreaee he Sa(©) 28. [T] A solid block in the form of a prism has a square base of side xm. The height of the block is cm and the total surface area of the block is 600 cm’. (@) Express fin terms of xand show that volume, Vem*, of the block is given by ly v=150x-4¥ 2 Given that x can vary, (b) find the stationary value of V, (©) determine whether this stationary value is a maximum or a minimum. Az 27*4Uxp, hz GOO -2y2 4% NEN “( 600- aay +x 156 / 69Ox* _ nH 3 Ak 4a 2 Veen ane ea by) v'= 1s0-3N%-6 2 1990 = Bt 3x72 200 K*2 (OO % = 4107 OS rey Velo) = 1000 >) \6a) Y= 3x*46x-24 b) Y= 3xt 46x -24=0 Kez “=-4 S 2*4 Sent-1uw+K =o k=2g CH)? 4 ge - WUE tK =0 {c= -— Bo9 30. [T] The diagram below shows the cross-section of a hollow cone and a circular cylinder. The cone has radius 4.5 cm and height 9 cm. The cylinder has radius r cm and height hem. The cylinder just fits inside the cone with all of its upper edge touching the surface of the cone. dem <—4.5 em—> (a) Express din terms of rand hence show that the volume, Vcm’, of the cylinder is given by V=9nr*—2ar°. (b) Given that r-varies, find the stationary value of V. ch r= 4h a Yq WW= 40.5 -4.sh aS) Ve mth > wy"(4-2r) = amet - any b) Viz (Sar-607t2 6 ony (3-1) 120.023 J Veo: 0 , Vew= 24979 31, (T] The equation of a curve is y= oar (a) Obtain the expression for & (b) Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point P(1, 2). (©) A point is moving along the curve in such a way that the x-coordinate is increasing at a constant rate of 0.01 units per second. Find the rate of change of the y-coordinate as the point passes through P. a) YU= 3 u=o Ve NHR y le 2% yz uty ~ vu ve y= o- tx 4 - 1K (x4sy> OS)? by mea mizt y-2= 4 (x-a) y= *¥-142 ye X44 ¢ . ‘ y As fens Ox | my way Buy= 1x O-O1 = -O-ol Vax ib ik ts 24d) CONE CE be ee) Ho tt like ts: Seen da) sal last ol hed ig oF dx A Ky aE seo XO-Ol=-—G+01 (743%Revimeter= 4x42 =10 f=10-4x ant fs S-ax T Be x74 tI? Re y*+T (s-2K¥> (5224 Tx N= %4 FF ( Ax7_ 20 x +25) TF By yee 2ox+25 7 T 4 - Care Dt -20oK 4205 r a a n b) Bz a(T#H-20 = 6 Ke elo => le). ar+9 THYOrt 2r=20 = 20-2r vy r* (90-20) a Rack ac¥ ® ar Re tor -et b) AN t0-ay res s Res)= as y Ww ]4T— Als maximum x55DAxty+K +2y 43x = 4g a) Gxt 4y = 49 Oa 3h 2 6) he Duy4dyy = 4xy 4xO2-8 x5 4x - Cx* OD Ps 43-Rxr6 x24 ACwH= 6 maximum X= 4A) P2424 4K 26 -— FS= AO) 2x | = = S= IX 4 2 b) Ra AY 41K 5 x lO-T1K ~~) + Txt 4 ( To x) coe lox - 142 -v% at 14 au We- 16% -yr cy R's (0 -ry=26 as ®cs\=25 os gl + 6- maximum(609 36. [T] The diagram below shows a glass window consisting of a rectangle of height /m and width 2rm and a semicircle of radius rm. The perimeter of the window is 12 m, (@) Express f in terms of r. (b) Show that the area of the window, A m’, is given by A=12r— Given that rcan vary, (0) find the value of r for which A has a stationary value, (d) determine whether this stationary value is a maximum or a minimum. OA +Un4y=12 Qh=\t-2v-mr 5 ,e12-2r-Tr a 2 bi B) A= Ixw 2 Hx2v Ra. me z Beha me > We(-%w-e) + oe 2 a q Var + ae*| nes met 2 B Dw We He % Onl= w-ur-=nreo Q= 4r4 Kr laenG A) HO ii maximum