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Rizal LAW OR RA 1425
The Life And Works Of Rizal (Cavite State University)
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RIZAL LAW OR RA 1425 (An act to include in all curricula of all public and private schools,
colleges and universities courses on the life, works and writings of jose rizal, particularly his
novels noli me tangere and el filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution therof and
for other purposes.)
- Approved on June 12, 1956 (signed into law by Pr. Ramon Magsaysay)
- An act of mandating all public and private institutions including public and private state
colleges and universities to include the Dr. Jose Rizal’s life, works and writings as a
course across programs.
GOALS/OBJECTIVES /AIMS:
- Need for re-dedication to the ideas of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes
lived and died.
- Honor the heroes, particularly the national hero and patriot Jose Rizal,
- Jose Rizal’s life, works and writings particularly his novels noli me tangere and el
filibusterismo should be instill in the minds of young people
- All educational institution are enjoined to developed moral character, personal discipline,
civic conscience and teach the duties of citizenship.
SECTION 1.
- Requiring all public and private schools, colleges and universities in all curricula to teach
the life and works of Jose Rizal particularly his novels noli me tangere and el
filibusterismo. Original and unexpurgated version of this novel shall be used.
- The objection of the catholic church was also address in the second paragraph of
section1, it allows students to be exempted from reading rizals works if reading the
novels would ruin their faith however it must be stated in a sworn written statement but it
does not exempt the student from taking up the rizal course.
SECTION 2
- All schools, colleges and universities are required to keep in their libraries the original
and unexpurgated editions of the noli me tangere and el filibusterismo as well as rizal’s
other works and biography.
SECTION 3
- Mandates that the noli me tangere and el filibusterismo as well as other works of Jose
Rizal shall be translated into English, tagalog and principle Philippine dialects. It shall
also be printed in cheap and popular editions and be distributed free of charge to those
persons who desire to read them through the Purok organizations and Barrio Council
throughout the country.
IMPLEMENTATION OF RA 1425
- Some professors of the eastern Visayas university conducted a study entitled “the
implementation of ra 1425 in the lgu” this study was conducted to find out the
implementation of the rizal law to the 13 brgys within the downtown area of Tacloban city.
Objectives:
i. To assess whether section 3 of ra 1425 is observed
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ii. To look into the brgy council’s response to the law.
iii. To evaluate the programs of the brgy and the Sangguniang Kabataan programs/
projects/ actitivities’ alignment to the objectives of ra 1425.
RESULT OF THE STUDY:
- Majority of the council members were not aware of ra 1425
- Each brgy has its own programs, both the brgy sanggunian and sanggunianng kabtaan
however the programs being implemented at the brgy level are based on the identified
priority programs by the local government.
- 11 out of 13 brgy have no library. Most of the council members were not aware of the
section 3 of ra 1425.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE RESEARCHERS:
- Need of re-orientation of ra 1425 at the brgy level.
- Each brgy should have a library with the two novels of rizal.
- The objectives of ra 1425 specifically on:
i. Develop moral character
ii. Personal discipline
iii. Civic conscience
iv. Teach the duties of citizenship should be emphasized in the priority programs of
the city
- There is a need to review and revisit the rizal course content and pedagogy and its
relevance and applicability to the community.
- Design an extension program and activities addressing the gap between the application
of the ra 1425 in school and in the community such as
i. Team building
ii. Technical writing skills training
iii. Community service activities
iv. Promote activities that would highlight moral development
HISTORY OF RIZAL LAW
- Senate bill 438 known as Rizal Bill, authored by Senator Claro M. Recto (father of rizal
law) he filed this bill on april 3, 1956
- Considered as one of the most controversial bills in the Philippines
- Proponents: Jose B. Laurel and Claro M. Recto
- Opposition: Francisco Rodrigo, Decoroso Rosales and Mariano Cuenco
- Recto’s original bill made it obligatory for college and university students to study the life
and works of Jose Rizal specifically his two famous novels the noli me tangere and el
filibusterismo.
- Opposition claimed that the rizal bill is anti catholic because of the his novels contains
passages that were anti catholic. It might affect the religious belief of the student and
violate their constitutional freedom of religion and conscience.
- Catholic church continues its opposition to the bill by conducting seminars, reading
pastoral letter and masses, urging the catholic voters to vote out the lawmakers who are
pro-rizal bill, they also threatened to close the catholic school if this bill was approved.
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- Claro M. Recto ended the threat that the schools will be nationalized if that happened.
He also denies Senator’s rodrigo’s proposal to use annotated or altered copies of noli
me tangere and el filibusterismo instead of the unexpurgated/original version.
- Catholic church’s opposition to the rizal bill, they circulated a pastoral letter urging all
catholics to oppose the bill. Catholic church asked some priests to submits drafts for the
pastoral letter. Two of them were Fr. Horacio De La Costa and Fr. Hesus Cavanna. The
original draft of the pastoral letter was written by Fr. Horacio De La Costa that was made
before the passage of the rizal bill. (There were 5 drafts in de la cota’s pastoral letter all
contained passages of the original draft but with some notable alterations.)
- Schumacher 2013 compared the 1952 pastoral letter prepared by fr. Horacio de la costa
with the 1956 statement written by fr. Jesus cavanna.
- His analysis revealed that there is a significant difference between these two’s draft. in
the original draft prepared by fr. De la cotsa there was no hint of hatrd towards rizals or
his works. De la costa’s argued that rizal’s criticism was directed to the abuses of the
church’s representative and not the catholic church itself. He even added the rizal’s
novels are not a threat to the catholic church and suggested that it should be made
familiar to the students because of its moral teachings. While the draft of fr. Jesus
cavanna viewed rizal’s novel as an explicit attack against the catholic church.
- Jose p. laurel drafted and proposed an amended version of the rizal bill on may 9,1956 .
in the amended version he deleted the word ‘compulsory reading of rizal’s novels’ and
added that his other works must be included in the subject however he remained his
stand on the unexpurgated versions of the novels.
- Senator roseller lim and Emmanuel pelaez also proposed several amendments to the
substitute bill.
THE PURPOSE OF RIZAL LAW (BAKIT GINAWA AT BAKIT DAPAT ITURO)
- Ra 1425 based on assumption that these 2 novels constant and inspiring course of
patriotism(-an act of loving your country of giving loyalty to your country and supporting
local products) at early age the novels should be introduced.
- High school have noli me tangere and el filibusterismo (fictional but depicts on real life
situation that happened during 19th century)
- “Innate values within us” by the use of novels we could reflect, and recognize the
contribution of our national hero. Awakening the natural values within us. Best example
of patriotism is the presence of jose rizal, “the pen is mightier than sword” through his
writing he convey the unity of filipinos. Unify the archipelago.
- Rizal was a cultured man of ideas, versatile talents, intellectual humanist, his people
must be liberated from their oppressive ignorance (he thinks of freedom to enjoy our
sovereignity, ph was progressive until the colonizers came) (he traveled other countries
and compared the freedom they have and wanted it to be like us) conscious awareness
on unity and freedom on education (taliwas ang konsepto nila ng pakikipaglaban ni
Andres Bonifacio, gusto ni Andres Bonifacio na idaan sa dahas pero accrdng sa rizal
hindi pa handa ang pilipinas to fight against the presence of Spaniards, the first thing to
do is to educate the filipinos in orf=der to prepare for the battle against the colonizers.
- Highlight the importance of noli me tangere and el filibusterismo, express the theme of
nationalism, thinking ng iba wala nang pag asa na makalaya sa kamay ng mga
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colonizers but accrng kay rizal no, we still have the spirit to fight against them we just
need to awaken the spirits through this frustrated people.
- The novels remains the potent inspiration of national unity today considered the greatest
Philippines social documents.
- The congress of the Philippines passed republic act 1425 on June 12, 1956 making the
reading of 2 novels compulsory on all colleges, universities. Part of curriculum.
Noli Me tangere
- Pointing out to the famous line of “touch me not” or the social cancer. Nagkakaroon ang
sakit ang Lipunan dahil paulit ulit ginagawa ang mga mali ng Pilipino, ex. Korupsyon. It
picture out the society of ph during Spanish period and pictures out arispocracy (social
status/highest class of the society) behind the poverty and colonialist. (mga
mamayaman, napakayaman, mahihirap, napakahirap) the gap between porr and rich in
the country and who are the people occupying that status during the 19th century.
- Theme is social climbers, abusive power, family, devotion, self sacrifice, purity and
faithfulness
El filibusterismo (the reigh of greed)
- System of governing the ph of corrupt and self seeking officials dominated by priars
(one of the source of corruption) being submissive to the interest that can lead to the
downfall of spain.
- Theme is more radical, revolutionary, vengeance and cruelty. Eager to fight the
colonizers.
Both novels aims to enlighten the filipinos to fight for the Philippines and fight for their freedom.
Question:
What was the condition of the 1950s that shaped the discourse of recto, laurel and the
supporters of the rizal?
- Significant events that took place in the 1950s would be the granting of independence in
the cintry. This time, cities and other offices were established. Leadership and heroism
perhaps.
FACT
- Dr. Jose Rizal is not our official national hero, according to the National Commission for
culture and arts = no law, executive order or proclamation declaring any Filipino
Historical Figure a National hero has been enacted or issued.
- The national commission for culture and arts explained that rizal’s hero status was made
because of the public acclamation in recognition of his contribution to the country.
- The national historical institute or now known as National Historical Commission
prescribed the passage of 50 years before a person is confirmed as a hero if the person
is still admired after the time he is regarded as a hero.
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- In the case of rizal, he just turned 162 years old last June 19, 2023 and the filipinos
continue to honor and support his ideals.
- Former president Fidel V. Ramos also attempted to proclaim a national hero through
executive order no. 75 which created the national heroes committee.
- The committee’s main responsibility is to study, evaluate and recommend filipino national
personages/heroes in due recognition of their sterling character and remarkable
achievements for the country.
- June 3, 1993 national heroes committee criteria for national heroes:
i. Heroes are those who have a concept of nation and aspire and struggle for
nation’s freedom
ii. Define and contribute to a system of life of freedom and order for the nation
iii. Contribute to the quality of life and destiny of a nation.
- Addtonal criteria was added on nov. 15, 1995
i. Heroes id part of people’s expression
ii. Thinks of the future especially the future generations
iii. Choice of a hero involves not only the recounting of an episode or events in
history but of the entire process that made this particular person a hero.
Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz and Dr. Alfredo Lagmay’s criteria the technical committee of national
heroes committee recommended 9 historucal figures to be national heroes however no actions
has been taken on implementing these recommendations.
i. Jose rizal
ii. Andres Bonifacio
iii. Emilio Aguinaldo
iv. Apolinario mabini
v. Marcelo del pilar
vi. Sultan dipatuan kudarat
vii. Juan luna
viii. Melchora aquino
ix. Gabriela silang
