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Learn C++_ Classes & Objects Cheatsheet _ Codecademy

This document is a cheatsheet for learning C++ classes and objects, detailing key concepts such as class members, constructors, objects, and access control operators. It explains the structure of a class, the purpose of constructors and destructors, and how to manage access to class members. The document includes code examples to illustrate these concepts.

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Federico Massaro
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4 views3 pages

Learn C++_ Classes & Objects Cheatsheet _ Codecademy

This document is a cheatsheet for learning C++ classes and objects, detailing key concepts such as class members, constructors, objects, and access control operators. It explains the structure of a class, the purpose of constructors and destructors, and how to manage access to class members. The document includes code examples to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

Federico Massaro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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23/10/24, 09:53 Learn C++: Classes & Objects Cheatsheet | Codecademy

Cheatsheets / Learn C++

Classes & Objects

Class Members

A class is comprised of class members: class City {


Attributes, also known as member data, consist
of information about an instance of the class.
Methods, also known as member functions, are // Attribute
functions that can be used with an instance of int population;
the class.

public:
// Method
void add_resident() {
population++;
}

};

Constructor

For a C++ class, a constructor is a special kind of #include "city.hpp"


method that enables control regarding how the objects
of a class should be created. Different class
constructors can be specified for the same class, but class City {
each constructor signature must be unique.

std::string name;
int population;

public:
City(std::string new_name, int
new_pop);

};

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23/10/24, 09:53 Learn C++: Classes & Objects Cheatsheet | Codecademy

Objects

In C++, an object is an instance of a class that City nyc;


encapsulates data and functionality pertaining to that
data.

Class

A C++ class is a user-defined data type that class Person {


encapsulates information and behavior about an object.
It serves as a blueprint for future inherited classes.
};

Access Control Operators

C++ classes have access control operators that class City {


designate the scope of class members:
public
private int population;
public members are accessible everywhere; private
members can only be accessed from within the same
public:
instance of the class or from friends classes.
void add_resident() {
population++;
}

private:
bool is_capital;

};

Destructor

For a C++ class, a destructor is a special method that City::~City() {


handles object destruction, generally focused on
preventing memory leaks. Class destructors don’t take
arguments as input and their names are always // Any final cleanup
preceded by a tilde ~ .

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