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Chapter 10 discusses the operations of addition and subtraction of matrices, highlighting their properties such as commutativity, associativity, and the existence of an identity element. It also covers the properties of matrix multiplication, noting that it is generally not commutative but is associative and distributive over addition. The chapter concludes with sections for determining and proving various matrix-related concepts.

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Sanjay Nayak
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4 views20 pages

selfstudys_com_file

Chapter 10 discusses the operations of addition and subtraction of matrices, highlighting their properties such as commutativity, associativity, and the existence of an identity element. It also covers the properties of matrix multiplication, noting that it is generally not commutative but is associative and distributive over addition. The chapter concludes with sections for determining and proving various matrix-related concepts.

Uploaded by

Sanjay Nayak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 10.

Matrices

Formulae

Addition of Matrices: Let A and B be two matrices each of order m × n. Then their sum A + B
is a matrix of order m × n and is obtained by adding the corresponding elements of A and B.

Properties of Matrix Addition:

1. Matrix addition is commutative


i.e., A + B = B + A
2. Matrix addition is associative for any three matrices A, B and C.
A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C.
3. Existence of identity.
A null matrix is identity element for addition.
i.e., A + 0 = A = 0 + A.
4. Cancelation laws hold good in case of matrices.
A + B = A + C ⇒ B = C.

Subtraction of Matrices:
For two matrices A and B of the same order, we define
A – B = A + (- B).

Properties of Matrices Multiplication

1. Matrix multiplication is not commutative in general for any two matrices AB ≠ BA.
2. Matrix multiplication is associative
i.e., (AB) C = A (BC) when both sides are defined.
3. Matrix multiplication is distributed over matrix addition
i.e., A (B + C) = AB + AC
(A + B) C = AC + BC.
4. If A is an n × n matrix then
InA = A = AIn
5. The product of two matrices can be the null matrix while neither of them is the null
matrix.

Determine the Following


Prove the Following

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