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8 They
viewed the killing of children, sick people and the elderly as many people
today view abortion and euthanasia. It should also be noted that the Aché
were hunted and killed without mercy by Paraguayan farmers. The need to
evade their enemies probably caused the Aché to adopt an exceptionally
harsh attitude towards anyone who might become a liability to the band.
The truth is that Aché society, like every human society, was very
complex. We should beware of demonising or idealising it on the basis of a
superficial acquaintance. The Aché were neither angels nor fiends – they
were humans. So, too, were the ancient hunter-gatherers.
Talking Ghosts
What can we say about the spiritual and mental life of the ancient hunter-
gatherers? The basics of the forager economy can be reconstructed with
some confidence based on quantifiable and objective factors. For
example, we can calculate how many calories per day a person needed in
order to survive, how many calories were obtained from a kilogram of
walnuts, and how many walnuts could be gathered from a square
kilometre of forest. With this data, we can make an[…]”
Excerpt From
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind
Yuval Noah Harari
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