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Practice problems

The document outlines an assignment on Fluid Dynamics from the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, covering various topics including Lagrangian and Eulerian transformations, streamlines, boundary surfaces, vorticity vectors, rotational motion, and the equation of continuity. Each section contains specific problems and equations to solve related to fluid motion and characteristics. The assignment emphasizes theoretical understanding and practical applications of fluid dynamics principles.

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10 views3 pages

Practice problems

The document outlines an assignment on Fluid Dynamics from the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, covering various topics including Lagrangian and Eulerian transformations, streamlines, boundary surfaces, vorticity vectors, rotational motion, and the equation of continuity. Each section contains specific problems and equations to solve related to fluid motion and characteristics. The assignment emphasizes theoretical understanding and practical applications of fluid dynamics principles.

Uploaded by

f20211718
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani

Fluid Dynamics

Assignment Topics Covered:


————————————————————————————————————

• Lagrangian to Eulerian transformation and vice-versa


1. For a two-dimensional flow the velocities at a point in a fluid may be expressed in
the Eulerian coordinates by u = x + y + 2t and v = 2y + t. Determine the Lagrange
coordinates as functions of the initial positions x0 and y0 and the time t.
2. The velocity components for a two-dimensional fluid system can be given in the Eulerian
system by u = 2x + 2y + 3t, v = x + y + t/2. Find the displacement of a fluid particle
in the Lagrangian system.
3. The velocity distribution of a certain two-dimensional flow is given by u = Ay + B
and v = Ct, where A, B, C are constants. Obtain the equation of the motion of fluid
particles in Lagrangian method.
• Streamlines and path lines

1. A flow is described by velocity field, V⃗ = ay î + btĵ, where a = 1 s−1 , b = 0.5m/s2 .


(i) At t = 2s, what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through (1,2) at
t=0?
(ii) At t=3s, what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through the point
(1,2) at t=2s?
2. A two-dimensional flow field is defined as V⃗ = xî–y ĵ. Derive the equation of the
streamline passing through the point (1, 1).
3. The velocity components in a flow field are given as follows:
x
u= , v = v0 , w = 0,
t + t0
where t0 and v0 are constants. A colored dye is injected at the point A(x0 , y0 , z0 ) in the
flow field. Find the locus of a fluid particle that passes through the point A at t = t0 .

• Boundary surface
2
 2 2

1. Show that the surface a2xk2 t4 + kt2 yb2 + zc2 = 1 is a possible form of the boundary
surface of a liquid at time t.
2. Show that the variable ellipsoid x2 / (a2 k 2 t4 ) + kt2 {(y/b)2 + (z/c)2 } = 1 is a possible
form for the boundary surface at any time t.
3. Show that (x2 /a2 ) f (t) + (y 2 /b2 ) ϕ(t) = 1, where f (t)ϕ(t) = 1 is a possible form of the
boundary surface of a liquid.

• Vorticity vectors and vortex line

1. The velocity field in a fluid medium is given by

V⃗ = 3xy 2 î + 2xy ĵ + (2zy + 3t)k̂

Find the magnitudes and directions of


(i) Translational velocity.
(ii) Rotational velocity.
1
(iii) the vorticity of a fluid element at (1, 2, 1) and at time t = 3.
2. Find the vorticity components at a point (1, 1, 1) for the following flow field:
3
u = 2x2 + 3y, v = −2xy + 3y 2 + 3zy, w = z 2 + 2xz − 9y 2 z
2
3. Velocity profile for fully developed flow in a circular tube is

Vz = Vmax 1 − (r/R)2
 

Find: (a) rates of linear and angular deformation for this flow. (b) expression for the
vorticity vector, ζ⃗

• Rotational motion and velocity potential

1. Given that velocity field V⃗ = (4x2 + 3y) ı̂ + (3x − 2y)ȷ̂. Determine if the field is:
(i) A possible incompressible flow.
(ii) Irrotational.
2. Flow field represented by ψ = 10xy + 17. Determine if the flow is:
(i) A possible incompressible flow.
(ii) Irrotational.
3. Given that two dimensional flow field V⃗ = Axy î + By2 ĵ, where A = 1m−1 · s−1 , B =
− 12 m−1 · s−1 and coordinates ate measured in meters.
(i) Show that the velocity field represents a possible in-compressible flow
(ii) Rotation at point (x,y)=(1,1).
(iii) Circulation about curve shown
4. The velocity potential function for a flow is given by ϕ = x2 –y 2 . Verify that the flow is
incompressible and then determine the stream function for the flow.

• Equation of continuity (various coordinates and various specific cases)

1. Velocity field V⃗ = (x2 −y 2 )î−2xy ĵ. Find the corresponding family of stream functions.
2. Which of the following sets of equations represent possible incompressible flow cases?
(a) Vr = U cos θ; Vθ = −U sin θ
(b) Vr = −q/2πr; Vθ = K/2πr
(c) Vr = U cos θ [1 − (a/r)2 ] ; Vθ = −U sin θ [1 + (a/r)2 ]
3. For an incompressible flow in the rθ plane, the θ component of velocity is given as
Vθ = −Λ sin θ/r2 . Determine a possible r component of velocity. How many possible r
components are there?
4. The velocity components for a steady flow are given as u = 0, v = −y 3 − 4z, w = 3y 2 z.
Determine:
(a) whether the flow field is one-, two-, or three-dimensional.
(b) whether the flow is incompressible or compressible.
(c) the stream function for the flow..
• velocity and acceleration

1. Find the acceleration components at a point (1, 1, 1) for the following flow field:
3
u = 2x2 + 3y, v = −2xy + 3y 2 + 3zy, w = − z 2 + 2xz − 9y 2 z
2
2
2. Find the acceleration of a fluid particle at the point r = 2a, θ = π/2 for a two dimen-
sional flow given by

a2 a2
   
vr = −u 1 − 2 cos θ, vθ = u 1 + 2 sin θ
r r

3. For a flow in the xy plane, the y component of velocity is given by v = y 2 − 2x + 2y


Determine a possible x component for steady, incompressible flow. Is it also valid for
unsteady, incompressible flow? Why? How many possible x components are there?

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