Assignment 1 18/01/23

1. What is SAP?
 SAP, stands for Systems, Applications, and Products in
Data Processing.
 SAP create standard application software for real-time
business processing.

2. What is ERP and its types?

• The full form of ERP is Enterprise Resource Planning, so as
the name defines it works to integrate many procedures into a
single system.

• Types of ERP:
• Cloud ERP
In cloud ERP, the software is hosted in the cloud and delivered over
the Internet as a service. The software provider generally takes care of
regular maintenance, updates, and security on our behalf. Today,
cloud ERP is the most popular deployment method for many reasons
– greater scalability and flexibility, easier integration, and much more.

• On-Premise ERP
This is the traditional model for deploying software where we control
everything. The ERP software is typically installed in our data centre
at the locations of our choice. The installation and maintenance of the
hardware and software is our staff’s responsibility.

• Hybrid ERP
For companies that want a mixture of both to meet their business
requirements, there is the hybrid cloud ERP model. This is where
some of your ERP applications and data will be in the cloud and some
on premise.
 3. What is data class and its types?
 The data class defines the physical area of the database (for
ORACLE the TABLESPACE) in which your table is logically
stored. If you choose a data class correctly, your table will
automatically be assigned to the correct area when it is created
on the database.
The most important data classes are (other than the system data):
 APPL0 Master data
 APPL1 Transaction data
 APPL2 Organizational and customizing data
o Master data is data which is frequently accessed, but
rarely updated.
Ex:In person details,name,parents name &
address etc.
o Transaction data is data which is frequently accessed and
updated.
o Ex:In bank,the daily transactions.production
details etc.
o Organizational and customizing data is data which
is defined when the system is initialized and then rarely
changed.
There are two more data classes available, USR and USR1. These
are reserved for user developments. The tables assigned to these data
classes are stored in a tablespace for user developments.
4. What is DDIC and types of objects in DDIC?
 It is a central repository(storage) to define(create) and maintain
the objects that are related to the database.
Here, the objects(data) are stored globally which means we can access
those data anywhere in the program.
 Objects of DDIC- 7
 Database table
 Views
 Data type
 Type pool
  Domain
 Search help
 Lock object
 Centralized Repository- Single storage location for all the data
within an organization.

5. What is sign and case sensitive?

 Sign
 If fields referring to this domain can contain negative values,
this flag must he set.
 When the field contents are output on the screen, the first
position of the output is reserved for a plus/minus sign.
 If the indicator is not set but the field contains negative values,
problems might occur during screen output.We can only make
entries in this field for data types DEC, FLTP and CURR, as
well as for decimal floating point numbers.
 Case-sensitive
 If this indicator is set, upper case and lower case are
distinguished when you enter values with screen masks.
 Otherwise all the letters entered will be converted to upper case
when you enter values with a screen mask.
6. What is delivery class?
The delivery class controls the transport of table data when
installing or upgrading, in a client copy & when transporting
b/w customer systems.
 A:
 Application table for master and transaction data.
 C:
 Customer table, data is only maintained by the customer.

L:
 Table for storing temporary data.
G
Customer table, SAP can insert new data records but cannot
overwrite or delete existing ones.
 E
 System table with its own namespace for customer entries
 S:
 System table, data changes have the status of program changes.
 W:
 System table (for example table of the development
environment) whose data is transported with its own transport
objects (such as R3TR PROG, R3TR TABL and so on).
7. Difference b/w Centralized and Decentralized?
Decentralized Centralized
Data is maintained locally at Data is maintained at a central
individual department location & it is shared with
various departments.
Departments do not have the Departments have the access to
access to the information of other the information of other
department. department.
Process takes the time Process is fast
Duplication of data occurs There is no duplication of data.
Decision making is slow Decision making is faster
8. What is Database table?
 Database table is a collection of fields which contains the
physical data.
 It is an object that stores the data in the form of rows and
columns.

9. What is Landscape?
It arrangments of servers (development, quality & production) in
horizontal way.
 Development server
 Quality Assurance Server
 Production server

10. What is WorkProcess ?Components and types of

WorkProcess?
 Work processes execute the individual dialog steps of ABAP
application programs. They are components of ABAP
application servers.
 Components:
 Screen Processor
 The screen processor executes the screen flow logic. Via the
dispatcher, it takes over the responsibility for communication
between the work process and the SAPgui, calls modules in the
flow logic, and ensures that the field contents are transferred
from the screen to the flow logic.
 ABAP Processor
• The actual processing logic of an application program is written
in ABAP - SAP’s own programming language.
• The ABAP processor executes the processing logic of the
application program, and communicates with the database
interface.
• The screen processor tells the ABAP processor which module of
the screen flow logic should be processed next.

 Database Interface
 Establishing and terminating connections between the work
process and the database.
 Access to database tables.
 Access to R/3 Repository objects (ABAP programs, screens and
so on).
 Controlling transactions (commit and rollback handling).
 Types of workprocess
 Dialog Work Process
Dialog work processes deal with requests from an active user to
execute dialog steps.
 Update Work Process
Update work processes execute database update requests.
 Background Work Process
Background work processes process programs that can be executed
without user interaction (background jobs).
  Enqueue Work Process
The enqueue work process administers a lock table in the shared
memory area. The lock table contains the logical database locks
for SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and is an important part of the SAP
LUW concept. In SAP NetWeaver Application Server, we may only
have one lock table. we may therefore also only have one ABAP
application server with enqueue work processes. Normally, a single
enqueue work process is sufficient to perform the required tasks.

 Spool Work Process

The spool work process passes sequential datasets to a printer or
to optical archiving. Each ABAP application server may contain
only one spool work process.
11. What is Module?Types of Modules?
Functional modules provide a front-end interface for business
features like order processing, business intelligence, and
human resources.
Technical modules are used on the back-end of SAP to manage
the environment, development, and updates.