LETTER FROM THE

SECRETARY-GENERAL
Varsha Satish, MBBS 2021
Dear Delegates,

It is my honor to welcome MUN is not just about

you to ABMUN 2025, a speaking — it’s about
conference that embodies understanding. It’s about
diplomacy, debate, and the diplomacy, cooperation,
power of ideas. As we step and the ability to find
into this arena of common ground even in the
discussion and negotiation, face of disagreement. I
we are not just simulating encourage you to step
international affairs — we outside your comfort zone,
are honing the skills that embrace different
shape future leaders. viewpoints, and make the
most of this experience.
At ABMUN, you will engage
with pressing global issues, As Secretary-General, I am
challenge perspectives, excited to see the passion,
and collaborate to find intellect, and dedication
solutions. Whether you are you bring to ABMUN. Let this
a first-time delegate or a be a conference of
seasoned participant, this meaningful dialogue,
conference offers an impactful resolutions, and
opportunity to sharpen unforgettable experiences.
your analytical thinking,
negotiation skills, and Wishing you all a fantastic
ability to work as part of a ABMUN!
team. The world today
needs individuals who can
listen, adapt, and lead with
both conviction and
empathy.
LETTER FROM THE
DEPUTY SECRETARY-
GENERAL
Sanjivani Dutta Biswas, MBBS 2021
Most of us study in academic while ensuring the principles
institutions that actively of equity, fairness and justice
discourage any forms of are upheld.
political discussion and It is imperative, thus, that we
engagement. However, we as future tax payers and
fail to realise that responsible citizens take part
institutional funding, the in some form of socio-
range of courses offered, the political discourse, so that we
sort of content taught and may be aware of our
other aspects of our circumstances and be able to
academic life are also actively engage in it -
affected by political ultimately ensuring our
determinants. Not only this, representation in national
but also focus on healthcare, policy decisions. And what
public infrastructure, policy better way to create such a
are often political choices. constructive forum for young
We live in turbulent times - individuals than a Model UN?
from climate change to debt I hope that this conference
crises, a wide array of new promotes thought provoking
challenges are plaguing us - conversations on diverse
tackling them will require a subjects and makes all of us
comprehensive more knowledgeable and
multidisciplinary approach, in sensitive to the world around
which policy decisions will us. Let us join together and
play a key role in determining share perspectives, views,
the success of our efforts. opinions; in an attempt to
Governments and political find innovative solutions to
ideologies across the globe modern problems so that,
are showing a quantum shift. ultimately this world
Now, more than ever, it is becomes a better place for
important to defend the all.
rights of religious, ethnic,
sexual and gender minorities,
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE NO.

About ABMUN 4

Committees -
1. UNHRC
2. UNCSW
5
3. UNODC
4. WHO
5. AIPPM

Delegation and Selection 10

Guide to Preparation 11

Procedure 12

Rules of Procedure 13

Paperwork 20

Reach Us 28
 ABOUT ABMUN
What is MUN?
Today, in a world where geopolitics is more mercurial and volatile than the
stormiest sea, the actions of all individuals matter, - it is not just the diplomats
and world leaders in the offices that hold the power to effect transcendental
change, - it is those who believe they can change, and change for the better,
that end up changing the world for the better.
Model United Nations (MUN) is a simulation of the United Nations that brings
together students to collaborate and devise viable solutions to the plethora of
problems plaguing the world today. The primary focus of MUN is providing
delegates with a platform to voice their opinions on pressing matters of global
importance and develop clarity on the status quo of international relations. At
a Model UN conference, delegates represent different countries and portfolios
and have the opportunity to engage in stimulating debate reflecting different
policies and perspectives. Over the course of the conference, delegates will
hone the essential skills of public speaking, problem-solving and pragmatic
thinking. The hours of tireless speaking, in-depth research, dynamic lobbying
and immaculate writing culminate into one of the most fulfilling, unforgettable
and holistic learning experiences.

What is ABMUN?
Conducted by AIIMS Bhubaneswar, ABMUN is a conference that brings
together passionate and dynamic individuals from various educational
backgrounds to simulate the workings of the United Nations. Our organising
committee has been specially crafted to bring to collegiate and school
students, the invaluable experience of participating in a MUN. The experienced
organising committee has selected committees based on their relevance in
recent international politics. ABMUN will be a platform for stimulating
discussion, intellectual debates, thought-provoking solutions and political
writing of the highest quality for all participants to engage in. We look forward
to having you here!
 UNHRC
UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

Agenda - “Follow-up and implementation of the Vienna Declaration

and Programme of Action.”

The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action is a comprehensive

document that affirms the commitment of the international community
towards the promotion and protection of human rights at a global level. It
outlines the rights of all people regardless of their nationality, race or religion
and emphasises on the responsibility of governments and international
agencies to ensure the universality of these rights. It is under this Programme
of Action that the mandate of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human
Rights (OHCHR) is derived from.

Established in 2006, the United Nations Human Rights Council works closely
with the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Their mission ties
in closely with that of the VDPA, making it a key document for the functioning
of the UNHRC.

Since its adoption in June 25, 1993 at the World Conference on Human Rights in
Vienna, the landscape of human rights has been transformed dramatically.
Hence, to widen the scope, the United Nations Human Rights Council holds
regular debates on the follow up to the VDPA, to ensure that current issues like
sexual orientation and gender identity, human rights in the digital age,
migration and globalisation, are addressed. This helps maintain the relevance
of the declaration in the face of new and evolving challenges.

As a delegate in the UNHRC, you can draw attention to the issues and violations
of human rights prevalent across nations. You can also track the effectiveness
of the Programme of Action over the years in its promotion of human rights.
Joining this committee gives you a chance to lend your voice to those who
haven’t been able to speak out before, and those that had to suffer in silence.
 UNCSW
UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON THE STATUS OF WOMEN

Agenda - “Revisiting Beijing Declaration Strategic Objective IV. J:

Deliberating on the role, representation and challenges of women
in media.”

The Commission on the Status of Women is a functional commission of the

Economic and Social Council exclusively dedicated to the protection and
promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women. Since its
establishment in 1946, it has played a significant role in shaping the lives of
girls and women around the globe. It holds annual sessions to review the
progress made by its policies.

The UNCSW actively ensures the advancement of the objectives listed in the
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action—a policy paper adopted in 1995
during the Fourth World Conference on Women. The paper addresses critical
areas of concern in twelve different aspects of women and their human rights.
In this context, the Beijing Declaration Strategic Objective IV. J specifically
focuses on women in media.

As a delegate of the UNCSW, you will have to address the challenges faced by
women who are involved in the communication sector, the portrayal of women
in media, and the opportunities available to them to access information
technology. By joining this committee, you can outline actions to be taken at
the institutional, government and international levels to assess and combat
the degradation, restriction and inequalities faced by women in media.
 UNODC
UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME

Agenda - “Evaluating the efficacy of the Synthetic Drug Strategy,

with respect to promoting inter-agency coordination to combat
illegal trafficking of opioids.”

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime was established in 1997 with the
principal purpose of making the world safer from drugs, crime, terrorism and
corruption. To this end, the UNODC works in 150 countries, building networks
of cooperation across borders, providing reliable data and analysis, as well as
training judges, police officers, border officials, social workers and healthcare
personnel.

As illustrated in the World Drug Report, the manufacture, distribution and

abuse of synthetic drugs is an evolving global problem. For over a century,
international drug control has had to contend with waves of emergence of
synthetic drugs: derivatives of morphine in the 1920s, fentanyl analogues in the
1980s and amphetamine-type stimulants in the 1990s. The 2010s marked a
defining period for synthetic drugs with the unprecedented emergence of
hundreds of substances which mimic the effects of drugs hazardous to human
health, among which opioid derivatives constitute a major share. In this
context, the UNODC Synthetic Drugs Strategy presents a framework of action
to address this global problem.

The dynamic nature of synthetic drug markets necessitates nimble and

adaptable solutions, and as a delegate at the UNODC, it will be your
responsibility to analyse the existing Synthetic Drug Strategy, as well as to
brainstorm policy directions and strategies based on science, evidence and
knowledge, with the purpose of promoting multilateral deliberation and
international cooperation to thwart the opioid trade.
 WHO
WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION

Agenda - “Improving health system resilience for disaster

management and risk reduction.”

In the present day and age, courtesy global issues such as climate change,
unplanned urbanisation, population growth and displacement, antimicrobial
resistance, and fragility of governments, all communities are at risk of
emergencies and disasters including those associated with infectious disease
outbreaks, conflicts, as well as natural, technological and other hazards. The
health, economic, political and societal consequences of these events can be
devastating both on a short-term and a long-term scale.

Reducing the health risks and consequences of emergencies is vital to local,

national and global health security, and to build the resilience of communities,
countries and health systems. In this regard, effective risk management is
essential to curb the frequency, severity and impact of hazardous events.

Established in 1948, the World Health Organisation is one of the key global
players in disaster mitigation and risk reduction. Delegates at WHO are
expected to engage in stimulating debate and discussion with the purpose of
achieving multidisciplinary and inter-sectoral collaboration for the adoption of
comprehensive risk management protocols, because at the end of the day,
multifaceted strategies aimed at the general strengthening of a country’s
health system, as well as specific actions to manage the wide range of risks of
emergencies, are the need of the hour.
 AIPPM
ALL INDIA POLITICAL PARTIES MEET

Agenda - “Deliberation on the current reservation system of India

giving special emphasis on its impact on education and
employment sectors.”

Replicating the dynamics of real-world Parliamentary discourse, The All-India

Political Parties Meet (AIPPM) is a committee that simulates the gathering of
various political parties in the Indian context. The AIPPM committee aims to
provide an opportunity for participants to analyse and propose solutions to
challenges related to governance, social welfare, economic development and
other critical aspects of Indian politics.

While it is one of the strongest points of contention in Indian Parliament, it

cannot be gainsaid that reservation has been a cornerstone of India’s socio-
political landscape, designed to uplift historically marginalised communities.
However, its impact on meritocracy, access to quality education and
employment opportunities continues to spark heated debates. Does the
current system strike the right balance between social justice and equal
opportunity? Should there be reforms, expansions, or even a complete
overhaul?

This is your opportunity to engage in intense negotiations, defend your party’s

stance, and contribute to progressive policy discussion on this controversial
yet relevant topic. Whether you believe in affirmative action, economic-based
reservations or a new approach altogether, your voice will play a pivotal role in
this high-stakes debate.
DELEGATION AND SELECTION

UNCSW and UNHRC will be a compulsory double

delegation. Participants are invited to register in
teams of two or as individuals. Registration forms of
participants applying as teams will be reviewed
team-wise and not on an individual basis. Similarly,
assignment of a country and committee based on
order of preferences will only be team-wise.

WHO, UNODC, AIPPM will see a single delegation

only. Assignment of countries and committees will
be based on past experience and motivation.

Participants are requested to answer the questions

given in the registration forms sincerely and
honestly as they will be used to determine your
delegation.

Upon being allotted a country, every delegate shall

receive an information brochure from the chair of
their respective allotted committee which shall
elaborate further on the topic. It shall also enlist
specific preparation resources and expectations
from delegates.
GUIDE TO PREPARATION
A more comprehensive study guide for preparation will be released by the
Executive Board of your committee. Meanwhile, this is a broad overview of what is
to be done and expected before a MUN.

Procedural Research

Delegates are advised to familiarise themselves with the basic procedure followed
at MUNs in general and at ABMUN in particular. The intricacies and modifications if
any in ABMUN will be notified to the participants at least a week prior.

Agenda/Committee Oriented Research

The agenda under each topic will be released with results of delegates. However,
delegates are encouraged to begin research on the committee of their choice
under the topic decided. Independent research using reliable sources such as
academic papers, scholarly articles and news agencies such as Reuters, Al Jazeera
and CNN. Additional sources such as records of previous UN committee sessions,
press releases, as well as reports and other documents released by the United
Nations, are recommended. Wikipedia can be used as a reference but cannot be
cited as a source in committee.
The veracity of a delegate’s statements in committee will be subject to scrutiny by
the Executive Board, and is a reflection of the depth of their research. It is
important to note that the quality of research is the foundation on the basis of
which one’s standing in committee as well as the points awarded will be decided.

Position Oriented Research

As the topics are debatable in nature, it is important for the delegates to

understand that they will not be representing their own individual opinions.
Instead, they must make statements or take action in committee in line with their
foreign policy or position on the debate. Delegates are advised to thoroughly
familiarise themselves with the foreign policy of their allotted country. The best
resources for this purpose are previous speeches by diplomats of respective
countries, and government websites.
If you are a first time delegate, we highly encourage you to thoroughly research
the proceedings of a conventional MUN and learn about the flow of debate within
a MUN. You will find more information regarding the procedure of the ABMUN in
the following section.
PROCEDURE
RULES OF PROCEDURE
Dress Code

Delegates are required to be in formal attire throughout the conference

(Western or Indian). Non-compliance with the same shall be looked upon
unfavourably.

Language

English will be the official and working language of the conference. The
language used by all delegates at all points of time in the conference
should be formal, cordial and appropriate. No indecency in words or
gestures shall be tolerated.

General Powers of Committee Staff

The Chair will declare the opening and closing of each session and
may propose the adoption or modification of any procedural motion
at his or her discretion.
During debate the committee staff has absolute control over
committee proceedings and procedure.
The Chair will direct the flow of formal debate, accord the right to
speak, put questions before the committee, announce decisions, rule
on points and motions and enforce the observance of these rules.
The Executive Board may also advise delegations on the course of
debate.
The other members of committee staff may advise individual
delegates or the committee on the possible course of debate, review
paperwork, answer inquiries and respond to chits to the Executive
Board, etc.
In the exercise of its functions, the Executive Board will, at all times,
be responsible to the Secretary General. In case of any dispute, the
decision of the Secretary General will be final and binding.
General Powers of the Press

The Press is free to publish any material that lies within the scope of this
conference. They must refrain from the publication of offensive and/ or
derogatory material, especially if targeted towards a person. The Press
may enter and observe committee proceedings provided the committee
has no significant objections to their presence and they are not in formal
voting procedure.

Quorum

The quorum for the conference is set at 10 percent of the members of

the committee. Quorum for each committee will be assumed to be
present by default. A roll call may be taken as and when the Executive
Board deems necessary. In case quorum fails, the committee session
may be suspended at the discretion of the Chair.

Roll Call

Once the committee session has begun, the Executive Board shall
conduct a roll call. The delegates may respond to roll call in one of the
following two ways -
1. Present - The delegate who responds with “Present” may abstain
from any substantive voting during the conference. However, he/she
may not abstain from procedural voting.
2. Present and Voting - The delegate who responds with “Present and
Voting” cannot abstain from any substantive or procedural voting
during the course of the conference.
No delegate should try to change his/her voting preference at any point
of the conference after the roll call has been conducted. The decision of
the Executive Board in this regard shall be final and binding.
A delegate who does not respond to roll call shall be considered absent
from their respective committee.
Motion to Open Debate

Motion to Open Debate is the first motion any delegate raises to

commence committee.

Setting the Agenda

At ABMUN, the agenda is limited to the single topic area outlined in each
committee’s study guide. Thus, voting to set the agenda is a mere
formality. As soon as committee begins, a motion to set the agenda to
the topic area must be raised.

Debate

Debate may be carried out through:

1. General Speakers’ List
2. Special Speakers’ List
3. Moderated Caucus
4. Unmoderated Caucus

General Speakers’ List

Once the agenda has been set, debate begins with the introduction of
the General Speakers’ List. A Motion to move into General Speakers’ List
must be raised by a delegate, failing which it will be passed at the
discretion of the Executive Board. Delegates must raise their placards if
they wish to be recognised for the Speakers’ List and may send their
allocation to the Executive Board, by chit, in case they were not
recognised and wish to be added to the list. In the Speakers’ List, each
speaker presents their policy and views on the matter before committee
for a minute or a minute and thirty seconds, whichever is decided upon
by the Executive Board.
The General Speakers’ List is open throughout the course of committee
for general debate and discussion of the topic area. Motions to open any
other medium of debate will not close the General Speakers’ List but will
only overlap it.
Hence, if a country is in queue to speak on the List and another medium
of debate is opened, the country will remain in that position and get to
make a speech if and when the General Speakers’ List is reverted to.
Delegates are recognised for the General Speakers’ List on a first come
first serve basis provided that the delegate is not already on the list.
Anything within the scope of the topic area may be discussed. The
General Speakers’ List remains open throughout the entire duration of
the conference and may only be closed when the committee
proceedings come to an end.

Special Speakers’ List

The Special Speakers’ List is almost like the General Speakers’ List,
except that it must be motioned for. This list is opened for a specific
time period to discuss a particular topic within the topic area. While
motioning to open it, the purpose and time limit must be specified.
Speakers may only discuss the issue that the Special Speakers’ List was
opened to discuss. After a delegate finishes his/her speech, he has the
option of yielding his/her time. If a delegate chooses not to yield, up to
two thirty second comments pertaining to that speech may be made if
time permits.

Yields

When a speaker delivers a noncontroversial speech, two comments are

in order. If, however, the content of your speech needs further
explanation or is highly controversial, it is recommended that you utilise
yields. At the end of your speech, inform the Chair that you will be
yielding your time. You may yield your time:

1. To questions
2. To the Chair
3. To another delegate
If a speaker yields their time to questions, they may be asked and
answered in accordance with the time the speaker has remaining and
the discretion of the Chair. If time is yielded directly to the Chair, that
time is saved, and the List moves on to the next speaker. Time may also
be yielded to another delegate in committee if the current speaker so
desires, who then gets to speak for the remaining amount of time.

Moderated Caucus

A moderated caucus is a formal debate on a subtopic pertinent to the

agenda, as raised by the delegate concerned.
A Motion to move into Moderated Caucus must have the following
elements -
1. Total Time Duration - The time period for which the moderated
caucus shall take place.
2. Individual Speakers’ Time - The time period for which a recognised
speaker will speak on the topic decided.
3. Topic - The subtopic on which the delegates shall speak during the
moderated caucus.
The purpose of a moderated caucus is to facilitate substantive debate at
critical junctures in the discussion. During a moderated caucus, the
Chair will suspend the Speakers List, and delegates will be recognised to
speak. The approval of a moderated caucus rests entirely in the hands of
the Executive Board and is not subject to appeal.

Unmoderated Caucus

A Motion to move into Unmoderated Caucus is a motion that suspends

formal debate and allows speakers to discuss ideas informally in the
committee room. It has no procedural rules. Delegates generally use it to
lobby with each other and formulate paperwork. It must be motioned for
with a specific time but may be passed only at the Executive Board’s
discretion.
Points

1. Point of Personal Privilege

Whenever a delegate experiences extreme discomfort, which impairs
them from partaking in committee proceedings, they may raise a Point
of Personal Privilege, so that the discomfort may be mitigated. It is the
only point which may interrupt a speaker and thus must be used with the
utmost discretion. At ABMUN 2025, delegates may raise Points of
Personal Privilege by lifting their placards. Delegates are advised to
refrain from using this point unless absolutely necessary, as
unwarranted use of this point will be heavily penalised.

2. Point of Order
During the discussion of any matter, if a delegate feels that there is a
factual inaccuracy in the speech of another delegate or that they have
been misquoted by another delegate, so much so that it affects
committee proceedings, then they may make a Point of Order. The
delegate raising it must quote the statement that they believe is
inaccurate while also providing a source to support their claim. This
point may be raised to the Executive Board by raising one’s placard; if it
is valid, it will be read out in committee. Good Points of Order will be duly
noted. A Point of Order may not interrupt a speaker.

3. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry

When the floor is open, a delegate may rise to a Point of Parliamentary
Inquiry to ask a question regarding the rules of procedure. This may
never interrupt a speaker.

4. Point of Information
This point is raised to ask a question based on the speech of a particular
delegate. The question should be short, precise and concise. It may not
interrupt the speaker. One or more Points of Information may be
recognised at the discretion of the Executive Board.
Right to Reply

A delegate whose personal or national integrity has been affronted by

that of another delegate, within the scope of formal debate, may
request for the Right to Reply. If it is in order, the Executive Board will
grant the delegate time to reply. If approved by the Secretariat, the
offender may be severely reprimanded and possibly excluded from
further committee proceedings.
Note: This is not applicable to statements made against the delegate’s
allocated country/portfolio; hence delegates are requested to employ
the Right to Reply with the utmost caution.

Postponement or Resumption of Debate

When the floor is open, a delegate may move to postpone debate on a

particular resolution or amendment currently on the floor. This motion
requires a two-thirds majority vote in order to be accepted and at
ABMUN, it may only be introduced once two-thirds of the time allotted
for the current committee session has elapsed.

Suspension or Adjournment of Session

When the floor is open, a delegate may move to suspend or adjourn the
meeting. If such a motion is in order, it requires a majority to pass. A
motion to adjourn the meeting shall only be in order once three quarters
of the time allotted for the last meeting of the committee has lapsed.
This motion will pass at the discretion of the Executive Board.

Closure of Debate

When the floor is open, a delegate may move to close debate on a

substantive or procedural matter under discussion. When closure of
debate is motioned for, the vice-chair will recognise two speakers
against the motion. No speakers in favour of the motion shall be heard. If
the committee is in favour of closure, the vice-chair will declare the
closure of debate, and the resolution or amendment being debated will
be put to an immediate vote.
 PAPERWORK
Working Papers

Working Papers are paperwork comprising concise solutions for

discussion in committee. They follow no particular format and are
written to formulate opinions on various problems pertaining to one or
more subtopics. They are ideally supposed to be concise and are the
building blocks to resolutions. They are voted upon in committee and are
passed by simple majority. Working Papers are intended to aid the
committee in its discussion and formulation of resolution clauses. They
require no signatories to be presented before committee but should aim
to cover all subtopics of the agenda discussed hitherto since they act as
a framework for the resolution. All they require to be presented in
committee is approval from the Chair. A committee may pass multiple
working papers on the same issue.

Resolutions

Resolutions represent the committee’s final attempt to draw together

the interests of many competing nations into a comprehensive solution
that serves the interests of the collective world community. From the
procedural perspective, a resolution is the formal document upon which
the committee will take action via the amendment and voting processes.
A resolution is a complex document that follows a strict format (see
sample resolution) and reflects the negotiation, debate and innovative
proposals that the committee has produced. Before a resolution can be
formally introduced in committee, it must receive the approval of the
Executive Board. A well-written resolution exhibits the following
qualities-
Familiarity with the Problem - Relevant background information and
previous UN actions should be referenced. In addition, a good
resolution should keep in mind the actual power and influence of the
committee. An ambiguous, unenforceable resolution is useless.
 Recognition of the Issues
Concision - Every clause and phrase must have a purpose.
ABMUN has a single resolution policy, which means that once a particular
resolution has been passed, all others will automatically fail. A draft
resolution may be introduced when it has the required number of
signatories as well as the approval of the Chair. The primary sponsors
and secondary sponsors of a resolution are known as authors and co-
authors, respectively. The number of authors and co-authors of a
resolution in a committee are decided by the Chair. It is important to
note that being signatory to a resolution in no way implies support for
the resolution; it simply expresses the wish to discuss that d discuss that
draft resolution before committee.

Introducing Resolutions

Before being formally introduced to the committee, a resolution is

referred to as a Draft Resolution. Introducing a resolution in committee
begins with reading out its operative clauses following which committee
may begin discussing the resolution. The minimum number of
signatories required is usually 1/5th of the total committee strength. This
is at the discretion of the Chair.

Format of a Resolution

Name
Every Resolution should begin with a name. A typical resolution name is
“Draft Resolution 1.1” or some other name analogous to the same.

Authors
The authors of a resolution are those delegates who have drafted the
resolution. They must lay down the clauses of the resolution in
consultation with other delegates in the committee. The number of
authors of a resolution vary from committee to committee.

Signatories
Signatories are those countries that want the concerned resolution to be
discussed in committee. The number of signatories varies from
committee to committee.
Committee Name
After the name of the resolution, authors, and signatories, each
resolution should mention the name of the committee followed by a
comma, and preceded by the article “The”. This is mandatory for all Draft
Resolutions.

Preambulatory Clauses
The preamble of a draft resolution states the reasons for which the
committee is addressing the topic and generally highlights past
international action on the issue. Each clause begins with a
preambulatory phrase and ends with a comma. The preambulatory
phrase should be in italics. Preambulatory clauses may include -
References to the UN Charter
Citations of past UN Resolutions or treaties on the topic under
discussion
Mentions of statements made by the Secretary General or a relevant
UN body or agency
Recognition of the efforts of regional or nongovernmental
organisations in dealing with the issue
General statements on the topic, its significance, and impact.
The following is a list of acceptable Preambulatory phrases -

Affirming Having studied Seeking

Guided by Recalling Believing
Having received Cognisant of Desiring
Deeply disturbed Aware of Fully believing
Contemplating Referring Welcoming
Reaffirming Alarmed by Observing
Bearing in mind Noting with deep concern Fully aware
Having examined Having adopted Fulfilling
Recognising Deeply regretting Further recalling
Emphasising Deeply concerned Further deploring
Noting further Approving Viewing with contempt
Realising Deeply conscious Expressing its satisfaction
Convinced Noting with satisfaction Taking into consideration
Keeping in mind Having considered Having considered further
Deploring Deeply convinced Taking into account
Having heard Expressing its appreciation Taking note of
Declaring Expecting Viewing with disapproval
Operative Clauses
Operative Clauses offer solutions to issues addressed earlier in a
resolution through the preambulatory section. These clauses are action
oriented and should include both an italicised and underlined Operative
Phrase at the beginning of the sentence followed by the proposed
solution. The following principles must be followed -
Each clause should be numbered.
Each clause should support the other clauses and continue to build
on the solution.
Each clause should add details in order to have a complete solution.
Operative clauses are punctuated by a semicolon, with the exception of
the last operative clause, which should end with a period.
The following is a list of acceptable Operative phrases -

Congratulates Reaffirms Authorises

Proclaims Solemnly affirms Notes
Further proclaims Approves Encourages
Condemns (*) Considers Decides
Affirms Designates Reminds
Confirms Recomends Further requests
Draws attention Further recommends Regrets
Takes note of Supports Declares accordingly
Endorses Calls for Emphasises
Calls upon (*) Demands (*) Expresses its appreciation
Requests Resolves Trusts
Transmits Further resolves Expresses its hope
Urges Deplores Has resolved

(*) Reserved for the Security Council only

Question and Answer Sessions

Upon the introduction of a Draft Resolution/Draft Directive, the authors

and co-authors of the paper can be asked to come up and answer as
many questions they can, within the time period specified by committee.
The Chair will decide which delegates may ask questions to the authors
and co-authors. Only 1 delegate may answer a particular question.

Emendments
The basic purpose of an emendment is to correct grammatical or syntax
errors in a resolution. An emendment can be introduced at the time a
draft resolution is being discussed before it has been put to vote.

Amendments

An amendment is a change to be made to a resolution clause in its

content or its deletion altogether. It requires the same number of
signatures to pass as the number of signatories of the resolution, as well
as the Chair’s approval. They, too, must be submitted via chit, with both
the original clause as well as the changes to be made. Amendments to
amendments are out of order, but an amended clause may be further
amended. An approved amendment may be introduced when the floor is
open. The General Speakers’ List will be suspended, and a Special
Speakers’ List will be open for debate on each amendment.
Amendments are of two kinds -
1. Friendly Amendments - A friendly amendment is one that all the
sponsors of resolution support. The amendment must be submitted
in writing to the Executive Board and must be signed by all the
sponsors of the draft resolution. Once approved by the Executive
Board, no voting takes place on such a resolution.
2. Unfriendly Amendments - An unfriendly amendment is one that at
least one of the sponsors does not support. In this case, the authors
of the amendment have to get the number of signatories, which a
draft resolution requires. Once the Executive Board approves the
amendment, it will be discussed and voted upon, before final voting
on the draft resolution in question takes place. At this point, the Chair
will take any further motions to divide the questions so that the
resolution clauses can be voted upon independently. If an objection is
made to a motion to divide the question, this motion will be debated
by two speakers for and against, followed by an immediate vote on
that motion. If the motion receives a simple majority required for
passage, the resolution shall be divided accordingly, and a separate
vote shall be taken on each clause to determine whether or not it is
included in the final draft. If all the operative parts of the proposal are
rejected, the subsequent resolution or amendment will be
considered rejected as a whole. All amendments must be presented
in resolution format.
Sample Resolution
Voting

Each country has one vote. A vote can be a "Yes", "No", "Yes with Rights",
"No with Rights", "Abstain" or “Pass". Should a member not be present
and voting during a substantive vote, their vote will be equivalent to
abstention. Delegates who responded “Present and Voting” during roll
call may not abstain or pass, while delegates who responded “Present”
may do so. No outside observers may be present during a vote, and the
Chair shall ensure that the room is sealed before proceeding with the
vote. Voting may be interrupted only by a point of Personal Privilege.
During the first round of voting, delegates may vote for their member
nations in alphabetical order, choosing to vote a "Yes", "No", "Yes with
Rights", No with Rights", "Abstain" or "Pass". A delegate from a
member nation who chooses to vote “Yes with Rights" or “No with
Rights", may request the right to explain their vote.
A member nation that passes in the first round must vote during the
second round. The right to explain that member nation’s vote is
suspended in this second round. Member nations who requested the
right to explain their votes may do so, with approval and a time limit
set by the Chair.
A third round will ensue in which members may change their votes by
expressing this desire, in writing to the vice-chair.
After allowing a pause in committee session for those who wish to
change their votes, the vice-chair will tabulate and announce the
final result, following which the doors of the committee room will
reopen. The Executive Board will shortly release the official result of
the vote.

Reconsideration

A motion to reconsider is in order when an amendment or resolution has

been adopted or rejected and must be raised by a member who voted
with the majority. The vice-chair will recognise two speakers against this
motion, after which it is put to immediate vote. A two-thirds majority of
the members present and voting in committee is required for
reconsideration.
Position Papers

A Position Paper, also known as Policy Paper, is a strategic document

that gives an overview of a delegate’s country position.
A good MUN Position Paper has three parts:

1. Country’s Position on the Topic

2. Country’s Relation to the Topic
3. Proposals of Policies to Pass in a Resolution
 REACH US

Secretary-General
Varsha Satish - +917550181448

Deputy Secretary-General
Sanjivani Dutta Biswas - +917506857279

Directors of Diplomatic Affairs

Aditya Mandal - +918697704805
Iflah Wadood - +919432302900
Shaika Shirin - +918921180176