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1 A group of 200 people were asked which city they would like to visit next.
The table shows the results.

City London Paris New York Tokyo

Number of people 50 48 56 46

(a) A person from the group is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that this person would like to visit either Paris or Tokyo next.

................................................... [2]

(b) Two people are chosen at random from the group of 200.

Find the probability that one person would like to visit London next and the other person would like to
visit New York next.
Give your answer as a percentage.

................................................... % [3]

[Total: 5]

Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

A ball is taken at random from each bag.

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(a) Show that a black ball is more likely to be taken from bag A than from bag B.

[1]

(b) Find the probability that the two balls have different colours.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]
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Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

A ball is taken at random from bag A and its colour is recorded.

This ball is then placed in bag B.
A ball is then taken at random from bag B.

Find the probability that the ball taken from bag B has a different colour to the ball taken from bag A.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

4
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Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

Three balls are taken at random from bag A, without replacement.

Find the probability that

(a) they are all black,

................................................... [2]

(b) they are all white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

5 A box contains 20 packets of potato chips.

6 packets contain barbecue flavoured chips.

10 packets contain salt flavoured chips.
4 packets contain chicken flavoured chips.

(a) Maria takes two packets at random without replacement.

(i) Show that the probability that she takes two packets of salt flavoured chips is .

[2]
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(ii) Find the probability that she takes two packets of different flavoured chips.

................................................... [4]

(b) Maria takes three packets at random, without replacement, from the 20 packets.

Find the probability that she takes at least two packets of chicken flavoured chips.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 9]

6 A box contains 7 black pens and 8 orange pens only.

Two pens are chosen at random from this box without replacement.

Calculate the probability that at least one orange pen is chosen.

................................................... [3]
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[Total: 3]

7 Box A and box B each contain blue and green pens only.
Raphael picks a pen at random from box A and Paulo picks a pen at random from box B.
The probability that Raphael picks a blue pen is .

The probability that both Raphael and Paulo pick a blue pen is .

(a) Find the probability that Paulo picks a blue pen.

................................................... [2]

(b) Find the probability that both Raphael and Paulo pick a green pen.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

8
The probability that it will rain tomorrow is .

If it rains, the probability that Rafael walks to school is .

If it does not rain, the probability that Rafael walks to school is .

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(a) Complete the tree diagram.

[3]

(b) Calculate the probability that it will rain tomorrow and Rafael walks to school.

................................................... [2]

(c) Calculate the probability that Rafael does not walk to school.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 8]

9 The diagram shows two sets of cards.

Set A 1 1 2 2 2
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Set B 0 1 1 1 2

(a) Jojo chooses two cards at random from Set A without replacement.

Find the probability that the two cards have the same number.

................................................... [3]

(b) Jojo replaces the two cards.

Kylie then chooses one card at random from Set A and one card at random from Set B.

Find the probability that the two cards have the same number.

................................................... [3]

(c) Who is the most likely to choose two cards that have the same number?
Show all your working.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

10 Samira and Sonia each have a bag containing 20 sweets.

In each bag, there are 5 red, 6 green and 9 yellow sweets.
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(a) Samira chooses one sweet at random from her bag.

Write down the probability that she chooses a yellow sweet.

................................................... [1]

(b) Sonia chooses two sweets at random, without replacement, from her bag.

(i) Show that the probability that she chooses two green sweets is .

[2]

(ii) Calculate the probability that the sweets she chooses are not both the same colour.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 7]
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11 The diagram shows a set of cards.

Set C 4 4 5 5 5

Lena chooses three cards at random from Set C without replacement.

Find the probability that the third card chosen is numbered 4.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

12 The table shows the probability that a person has blue, brown or green eyes.

Eye colour Blue Brown Green

Probability 0.4 0.5 0.1

Use the table to work out the probability that two people, chosen at random,

(a) have blue eyes,

Answer(a) ................................................... [2]

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(b) have different coloured eyes.

Answer(b) ................................................... [4]

[Total: 6]

13 Samira takes part in two charity runs.

The probability that she finishes each run is 0.8 .

First run Second run

0.8 finishes
finishes
0.8
0.2 does not
finish

0.2 0.8 finishes

does not
finish
0.2 does not
finish

Find the probability that Samira finishes at least one run.

Answer ................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

14
On any Saturday, the probability that Arun plays football is .

On any Saturday, the probability that Bob plays football is .

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(a) (i) Complete the tree diagram.

[2]

(ii) Calculate the probability that, one Saturday, Arun and Bob both play football.

................................................... [2]

(iii) Calculate the probability that, one Saturday, either Arun plays football or Bob plays football,
but not both.

................................................... [3]
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(b) Calculate the probability that Bob plays football for 2 of the next 3 Saturdays.

................................................... [3]

(c) When Arun plays football, the probability that he scores the winning goal is .

Calculate the probability that Arun scores the winning goal one Saturday.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 12]
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15
The probability that the school bus is late is .

If the school bus is late, the probability that Seb travels on the bus is .

If the school bus is on time, the probability that Seb travels on the bus is .

Find the probability that Seb travels on the bus.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

16 The Venn diagram below shows information about the number of gardeners who grow melons (M), potatoes
(P) and carrots (C).

(a) A gardener is chosen at random from the gardeners who grow melons.

Find the probability that this gardener does not grow carrots.

................................................... [2]
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(b) Find .

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

17

The Venn diagram above shows information about the number of students who study Music (M), Drama (D)
and Geography (G).

(a) How many students study Music?

................................................... [1]

(b) How many students study exactly two subjects?

................................................... [1]

(c) Two students are chosen at random from those who study Drama.

Calculate the probability that they both also study Music.

................................................... [3]

(d) In the Venn diagram above, shade . [1]

[Total: 6]

18 One day, the number of members using the exercise machines (E), the swimming pool (S) and the tennis
courts (T) at a sports club is shown on the Venn diagram.
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(a) Find the number of members using only the tennis courts.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find the number of members using the swimming pool.

................................................... [1]

(c) A member using the swimming pool is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this member also uses the tennis courts and the exercise machines.

................................................... [2]

(d) Find .

................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]