as m AO'B = m QOP = 40°.

3. Congruence of plane figures. Two plane

CONTENTS figures A and B are congruent as they
 Congruent Figures
superpose each other. We can write it as
figure A figure B.
 Congruence of Triangles

 Criteria for Congruence of Triangles

4. Congruence of squares. Two squares are

congruent if they have same side length.
Two figures/objects are said to be congruent if
they are exactly of the same shape and size. The
relationship between two congruent figures is
called congruence. We use the symbol for
'congruent to'.
1. Congruence among line segments. Two line
segments are congruent if they have the same
length. Square PQRS Square XYZT as PQ = XY.

5. Congruence of rectangles. Two rectangles

are said to be congruent if they have the same
length and breadth.

Thus, line segment PQ line segment RS as

PQ = RS = 6 cm.
2. Congruence of Angles. Two angles are
congruent if they have the same measure. Rectangle ABCD Rectangle PQRS as
AB = PQ and BC = QR.
6. Congruence of circles. Two circles are
congruent if they have the same radius.

Thus, AO'B QOP,

 Ex.2 In following pairs of triangles, find the
correspondence between the triangles so that
they are congruent.
In PQR : PQ = 4 cm, QR = 5 cm, PR = 6 cm,
P = 60°, Q = 80°, R = 40°.

Circle A Circle B, as radius of A = radius In XYZ : XY = 6 cm, ZY = 5 cm, XZ = 4 cm,

X = 60°, Y = 40°, Z = 80°
of B = 2 cm.
Sol. Let us draw the triangles and write the
measures of their corresponding parts along
with them.
Two triangles are congruent if they are copies of
each other, and when superposed they cover each
other exactly.

From the above figures, we note that

PQ = XZ, QR = YZ, PR = XY
ABC and DEF have the same size and shape. and P = X, Q = Z, R = Y
They are congruent. So we would express this as
P X, Q  Z and R  Y
ABC DEF. This means that, when we place
DEF on ABC, D falls on A, E falls on B and F Hence, PQR XZY
falls on C, also falls along falls
along and falls along .
Corresponding angles are : A and D, B
and E, C and F. 1. SSS Congruence Criteria (Condition)
Corresponding vertices are : A and D, B and E, Two triangles are congruent, if three sides of one
C and F. triangle are equal to the corresponding three sides
Corresponding sides are : and of the other triangle.
and and . EXAMPLES 
Hence, three sides and three angles are the six
Ex.3 Two triangles, ABC and PQR have been
matching parts for the congruence of triangles.
drawn such that AB = 3 cm, BC = 4 cm and
EXAMPLES  AC = 5 cm. Also PR = 5 cm, QR = 4 cm and
PQ = 3 cm.
Ex.1 Write the correspondence between the
vertices, sides and angles of the triangles
XYZ and MLN, if XYZ MLN.

Sol. By the order of letters, we find that

X M, Y L and Z  N
XY = ML, YZ = LN, XZ = MN
Also X = M, Y = L and Z = N. Examine the congruence of triangles by
method of superposition. Also verify the
congruence by equality of six corresponding
elements of the triangles.
Sol. Trace a copy of a ABC and super-impose it congruence is known as side-angle-side
on PQR. We find that the triangles cover congruence. In short we write SAS condition.
each other exactly, so that A  P, B  Q
and C  R i.e., ABC PQR. EXAMPLES 
Also measure the angles of the triangles and Ex.5 Given below are measures of some parts of
fill the information in the following table : two triangles.
Triangle ABC Triangle PQR Difference Examine whether the two triangles are
congruent or not by using the given
A = P = A – P = information.
B = 90° Q = 90° B – Q = 0 In XYZ : XY = 6 cm, YZ = 8 cm, Y = 47°
We find that in all cases the difference is In PQR : QR = 6 cm, PR = 8 cm, R = 47°
either zero or very close to zero, which may
be treated as zero. Sol. Let us make a rough sketch of the triangles
before examining their congruence.
So we have A = P, B = Q, C = R
Because all sides (given) and all the angles
(observed) of ABC are equal to the
corresponding sides and angles of triangle
PQR. ABC PQR
Ex.4 ABC and DBC are two triangles drawn on a
common base BC such that AB = DC and
DB = AC on the same side of BC. (See figure)
Clearly, here XY = QR = 6 cm, ZY = PR = 8 cm
Are ADB and DAC congruent ? and Y = R = 47° (included angles). Thus,
by SAS congruence criteria XYZ QRP.
If yes, state the corresponding parts. Which
condition did you use to establish the Ex.6 Triangle PQR is isosceles with PQ = PR. Line
congruence ? segment PS bisects P and meets the side QR
at point S.
Sol. In ADB and DAC, we have
(i) Is PSQ PSR ?
(ii) Can we say that QS = SR ?
Sol. In PSR and PSQ, the three pairs of equal
parts (two sides and one angle) are as follows:

AB = DC (Given)
BD = CA (Given)
and AD = AD (Common side)
 ADB DAC
Also, A D, D  A and B  C PQ = PR (given)
Since, the three corresponding equal parts are PS = PS (common)
the sides of the triangles, therefore, SSS and QPS = RPS (PS bisects P)
congruence condition is used to prove the
congruence. So (i) Yes, PSQ PSR

2. SAS Congruence Criteria (Condition) (ii) Yes, QS = SR (corresponding sides of

congruent triangles).
When two sides and the included angle of one
triangle is equal to the corresponding sides and Ex.7 In adjoining figure, prove that
the included angle of another triangle, the two POQ MOL
triangles are congruent. This, condition of
Sol. In POQ and MOL, we have

P = M = 40°
PO = OM = 6 cm Sol. (i) Yes, AOC = BOD
and PQ = ML = 4 cm (given) [Vertically opposite angles]
Thus, by SAS congruence criteria (ii) In AOC and BOD, we have
POQ MOL AOC = BOD
3. ASA Congruence Criteria (Condition) [Vertically opposite angles ]
Two triangles are congruent, if two angles and the AO = BO [Given]
included side of one is equal to the corresponding OAC = DBO [Given]
angles and side of the other.
Therefore, by ASA congruence condition, we
EXAMPLES  have
Ex.8 In the following pair of triangles figure, the AOC BOD
measure of some parts are given. Verify if the (iii) AO = BO, A = B and AOC = BOD
two triangles are congruent.
(iv) Yes, since AOC BOD
4. RHS Congruence Criteria (Condition)
Two right triangles are congruent, if the
Sol. hypotenuse and one side of one triangle are
respectively equal to the hypotenuse and a side of
the other triangle.

EXAMPLES 
In triangles, ABC and EFG.
Given, AB = EF = 5 cm Ex.10 In figure, PQ = PS, PQ QR and PS RS.

A = E = 50° (i) Is PQR PSR ? Why ?

B = F = 40° (ii) Is QR = RS ? Why ?

Therefore, by ASA congruence condition

ABC EFG
Ex.9 In figure, AO = BO and A = B. Sol.
(i) Is AOC = BOD ? Why ?
(ii) Is AOC BOD by ASA congruence
condition ?
(iii) State the three facts you have used to In PQR and PSR, we have
answer (ii). PQ = PS (given)
(iv) Is ACO = BDO ? PQR = PSR (both are right angles)
PR = PR (common side)
 (i) By RHS congruence condition, we (ii) Among two congruent angles, one has a
have measure of 70°, the measure of the other
angle is 70°.
PQR PSR
(iii) When we write A = B, we actually
(ii) Yes, QR = RS, because they are
mean mA = mB.
corresponding parts of congruent
triangles. (iv) Two circles C1 and C2 are congruent, then
their radii will be equal.

Ex.11 AX is the bisector of BAC, P is any point Ex.13 If ABC FED under the correspondence
on AX. Prove that the perpendicular drawn
from P to AB and AC are equal. ABC FED, write all the corresponding
congruent parts of the triangles.
Sol. Given : An angle BAC bisected by AX. From
any point P on AX, PM and PN are Sol. As ABC FED
perpendiculars drawn to AB and AC
respectively.
So, A F, B E, C D.
 ,  ,  .

Ex.14 If DEF BCA, write the part(s) of BCA

that correspond to
(i) E (ii)
To Prove : PM = PN
(iii) F (iv)
Proof : In AMP and ANP
M = N [Each 90°] Sol. If DEF BCA, then D B, E  C, F 
1 = 2 A (i) E = C (ii)
[AX is bisector of BAC]
AP = AP [Common] (iii) F = A (iv)
AMP ANP Ex.15 In the figures given below, lengths of the
sides of the triangles are indicated. By
[By AAS congruence condition] applying SSS congruence rule, state which
PM = PN pairs of triangles are congruent. In case of
congruent triangles, write the result in
[Corresponding parts of congruent triangles] symbolic form.
Ex.12 Complete the following statements :
(i) Two line segments are congruent if 

(ii) Among two congruent angles, one has a

measure of 70°, the measure of the other
angle is 

(iii) When we write A = B, we actually

mean  .
(iv) Two circles C1 and C2 are congruent, then
their radii will be  .

Sol. (i) Two line segments are congruent if they

have the same length.
 AB = AC (given)
AD = AD (common)
BD = DC ( D is mid point of BC)

(ii) ADB ADC (by SSS

property)
(iii) Yes, B = C (by corresponding parts
of congruent triangles)

Sol. (i) In ABC and PQR Ex.17 In figures, measures of some parts of the
triangles are indicated. By applying SAS
AB = PQ = 1.5 cm congruence rule, state the pairs of congruent
BC = QR = 2.5 cm triangles, if any, in each case. In case of
congruent triangles, write them in symbolic
CA = RP = 2.2 cm form.

ABC PQR (by SSS)

(ii) DE LM, EF MN

So, DEF LMN.

(iii) In ADB and ADC

AD = AD (common)
AB = AC = 3.5 cm
BD = CD = 2.5 cm

ADB ADC (by SSS)

Ex.16 In figure, AB = AC and D is the mid point

of .
(i) State the three pairs of equal parts in Sol. (i) In ABC and DEF
ADB and ADC.
As AB = DE = 2.5 cm ( 80°  70°)
(ii) Is ADB = ADC ? Give reason
A  D
(iii) Is B = C ? Why ?
AC = DF = 2.8 cm
Sol. (i) In ADB and ADC
So, ABC DEF

(ii) In ACB and RPQ

 AC = RP = 2.5 cm
C = P = 35°
CB = PQ = 3 cm
ACB RPQ (by SAS)
Ex.18 In figure, and bisect each other at O.
(i) State the three pairs of equal parts in two
triangles AOC and BOD.
(ii) Which of the following statements are
true
Sol. (i) In ABC and EFD.
(a) AOC DOB
A = F (40° each)
(b) AOC BOD ?
AB = EF (3.5 cm each)
and B = E (60° each)
 ABC FED (by ASA)

Sol. (ii) PQR DEF

as Q = D = 90°
E = R = 50°
PR  EF (3.3 cm 3.5
cm)
(i) AO = OB Ex.20 In figure, ray AZ bisect DAB as well as
DCB.
CO = OD
AOC = BOD
(vertically opposite angles)
(ii) AOC BOD (by SAS)
Hence, (b) is true
Ex.19 In figures, measures of some parts are indicated.
By applying ASA congruence rule, state which
pairs of triangles are congruent. In case of (i) State the three pairs of equal parts in
congruence, write the result in symbolic form. BAC and DAC.
(ii) Is BAC DAC ? Give reasons.
(iii) Is AB = AD ? Justify your answer.
(iv) Is CD = CB ? Give reasons.
Sol. (i) In BAC and DAC,
BAC = DAC [ AZ bisects DAB]
AC = AC (common)
BCA = DCA [ AZ bisects DCB]
(ii) Yes, BAC DAC (by ASA)
(iii) Yes, AB = AD
(corresponding parts of congruent triangles)
 (iv) Yes, CD = CB
(corresponding parts of congruent triangles)
Ex.21 In figure, measures of some parts of triangles
are given. By applying R.H.S. congruence
rule, state which pairs of triangles are
congruent. In case of congruent triangles,
write the result in symbolic form. (b) Given RP = ZX
PRQ = XZY
RQ = ZY
So, PQR XYZ

(c) Given EB = DB
AE = BC
A = C = 90°
So, ABE CDB

Sol. (i) In PQR and DEF

as PR = DF = 6 cm
Sol. (a) ABC DEF (by SSS)
Q = E = 90°
(b) PQR XYZ (by SAS)
But PQ DE (as 3 cm  2.5
cm) (c) EAB DCB (by RHS)
So, PQR DEF Ex.23 If ABC and PQR are to be congruent,
name one additional pair of corresponding
(ii) In CAB and DBA
parts. What criterion did you use ?
C = D = 90° each
Sol. To prove ABC PQR,
AB = AB = 3.5 cm
CA = DB = 2 cm
CAB DBA (by RHS)
Ex.22 Which congruence criterion do you use in the
following ?
(a) Given AC = DF
AB = DE
We need one additional pair of corresponding
BC = EF
parts which is
So, ABC DEF
BC = QR
As, if ABC = PQR (90° each)
BC = QR
 ACB = PRQ (given) A = F (given)
ABC PQR (by B = E (90° each) (given)
ASA)
C = D ….(i)
Ex.24 Explain why ABC FED.
(third C = third D)
Sol. In ABC and FED
So, now B = E = 90°
BC = DE (given)
C = D [From (i)]
ABC = FED (by ASA)

IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE REMEMBERED

(1) Two figures are congruent, if they have the
same shape and size.
(2) Two line segments say and are
congruent if they have equal lengths, we write
this as AB CD.
(3) Two squares are congruent if measure of their
side is same.
(4) Two rectangles are congruent if they have the
same length and breadth.
(5) Two circles are congruent if they have same
radius.
(6) Two triangles are congruent if the three sides (10) Two right triangles are congruent if the
and three angels of one triangle are equal to hypotenuse and one side of one triangle are
the corresponding sides and angles of the equal to the hypotenuse and corresponding
other triangle. side of other triangle.
(7) Two triangles are congruent if three sides of (11) Two congruent figures are equal in area, but
one triangle are equal to corresponding three the figures having equal area may not be
sides of another triangle (SSS congruence congruent.
condition). (12) There is no such thing as AAA congruence of
(8) Two triangles are congruent if two sides and two triangles.
the included angle of one triangle are equal to (13) Two triangles with equal corresponding
corresponding sides and included angle of the angles need not be congruent. In such a
other triangle (SAS congruence condition). correspondence, one of them can be enlarged
‘Triangle’ can be denoted as ‘’. copy of the other. (They would be congruent
(9) Two triangles are congruent if two angles and only if they are exact copies of one another).
included side of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding angles and included side of the
other (ASA congruence condition).
 EXERCISE # 1

Q.1 Which of the line segments are congruent ?

Measure and state.

Q.3 Pair each given figure with a congruent figure

from the collection at the right.

Q.2 Measure each of the angles given below and

write which three pairs are congruent :
 Q.5 Two congruent line segments are given. If the
length of one segment is 6 cm, find the length
of other segment.
Q.4 Which of the following pairs of figures are
Q.6 If ABC PQR and ABC = 60°, then
congruent ?
find the magnitude of PQR.

Q.7 Fill in the blanks :

(i) If two line segments are congruent, they
are equal in ……
(ii) If two angles are congruent, they are
equal in …….
(iii) Two line segments are congruent if …….
(iv) When we write P = Q, it means …….
(v) If two squares are congruent, they are
equal in ……..
(vi) If two circles are congruent, they are
equal in ……

Q.8 If ABC XYZ, write the parts of XYZ

that correspond to :
 (i) B (ii) that you have used to arrive at your answer
(iii) C (iv) figure.

Q.9 When PQR ABC under the

correspondence PQR ABC, write all the
corresponding congruent parts of the triangles.

Q.10 In the following pairs of triangles, state which

are congruent by applying SSS condition :

Q.13 In figure, AB = DC and AD = BC.

(i) Is ABC CDA ?
(ii) What congruence condition have you
used ?
(iii) You have used some fact, not given in the
question. What is that ?

Q.14 In figure, ABC is isosceles with AB = AC.

D is the mid-point of base BC.
(i) Is ADB ADC ?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts
that you have used to arrive at answer (i).

Q.11 In figure, AD = DC and AB = BC.

(i) Is ABD CBD ?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts
Q.15 In the following figure, a pair of triangles is
you have used to answer (i).
given. Apply SSS condition to verify their
congruence.

Q.12 ABC is isosceles with AB = AC. State if

Q.16 In ABC and DEF, AB = DF and BC = EF.
ABC ACB. If yes, state three relations
What additional information is required to
 make the two triangles congruent by SSS (ii) State the congruence condition.
congruence condition ? (iii) Complete the following :
ABC = …….
ACD = …….

Q.17 In the following pairs of triangles by applying

SSS condition, state which are congruent?
State the result in symbolic form.

Q.22 In the following pair of triangles the measures

of some parts are indicated. Use SAS
condition to prove their congruence figure.

Q.18 Verify the SAS congruence condition in the

following pairs of triangles

Q.23 In figure, AB || DC and AB = DC

(i) Is BAC = DCA? Why ?
(ii) Is ABC CDA by SAS congruence
condition ?
(iii) State the three facts you have used to
answer (ii).

Q.24 Which of the following pairs of triangles are

congruent :
Q.19 Show that in an isosceles triangle, angles (i) ABC, AB = 10 cm, A = 40°, B = 55°,
opposite to equal sides are equal. EFB, EF = 10 cm, E = 40°, F = 55°,
(ii) PQR, PQ = 5 cm, P = 37°, R = 64°,
Q.20 In a ABC, A = 100° and AB = AC. Find
EFG, EF = 5 cm, E = 37°, F = 64°.
B and C.
Q.25 In figure, AD bisects A and AD BC.
Q.21 In figure, AB = AD and BAC = DAC.
(i) Is ADB ADC by ASA congruence
(i) State if the two triangles are congruent.
condition ?
 (ii) If yes, state the three facts you have used
to answer (i).
(iii) Is BD = DC ? Why ?

Q.28 In the following pairs of triangles, verify the

RHS congruence condition :

Q.26 In figure, which pairs of triangles are

congruent by ASA congruence condition? If
congruent, write the congruence of the two
triangles in symbolic form.
Q.29 If ABC is an isosceles triangle such that
AB = AC then prove that altitude AD from A
on BC bisects BC.

Q.30 In figure, BD and CE are altitudes of ABC

and BD = CE.
(i) Is BCD CBE ?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts
you have used to answer (i).

Q.27 In figure, AX bisects BAC and BDC. Q.31 In figure, AC = BD and DA AB and also
CB AB. State which of the following
Find the third pair of corresponding parts to
statements are true :
ensure that ABD ACD by ASA
(i) ABC ABD (ii) ABC
congruence condition.
ADB
 (iii) ABC BAD Q.33 In figure, AB = AD, AD  CD and AB 
State the pairs of matching parts you have BC.
used to arrive at the answer. (i) Find the third pair of corresponding part
Now, is it true that AD = BC ? so that ABC ADC by RHS
congruence condition.
(ii) Is BC = DC ? Why?

Q.32 In the following pair of right triangles figure,

the measures of some parts are given. Verify
if the two triangles are congruent by RHS
congruence condition. Q.34 In figure, PL OB and PM  OA such that
PL = PM. Is PLO PMO ?

ANSWER KEY
1. (i) (vii) ; (ii) (vi) ; (iii) (v) ; (iv) (viii)
2. (i) (v) ; (ii) (vi) ; (iii) (iv)
3. (1) c, (2) f, (3) b, (4) j, (5) g, (6) e, (7) d, (8) h
4. (i), (iv), (v)
5. 6 cm
6. 60°
7. (i) length, (ii) magnitude, (iii) they are equal in length, (iv) P Q, (v) sides, (vi) radii
8. (i) Y, (ii) , (iii) Z, (iv)
9. P A ; Q B ; R C ; PQ  AB ; QR BC ; PR  AC
10. (i), (iii)
11. (i) Yes, (ii) AD = CD, AB = CB and BD = BD
12. Yes ; AB = AC, AC = AB, BC = CB
13. (i) Yes, (ii) AB = CD, BC = DA, SSS congruency, (iii) AC = CA
14. (i) Yes, (ii) AD = AD, AB = AC, DB = DC
16. AC = DE
17. (i) ABC CDA, (ii) ABC ABD
20. 40°, 40°
21. (i) Yes, ABC ADC, (ii) SAS congruence condition , (iii) ADB, ACB
23. (i) Yes, Alternate angles, (ii) Yes, (iii) AB = CD, AC = CA, BAC = CDA
24. (i) ABC EFG
25. (i) Yes, (ii) ADB = ADC (= 90°), AD = AD, BAD = CAD, (iii) Yes, BD = DC (CPCT)
26. (i) ACB FED
27. AD = AD
30. (i) Yes, (ii) BDC = CEB (= 90°), BC = CB, BD = CE
31. (iii) ABC = BAD, AC = BD, AB = BA, Yes, AD = BC (CPCT)
32. Yes
33. (i) AC is common, (ii) Yes, BC = DC (CPCT)
34. Yes

EXERCISE # 2
True/False type Questions (Q. 1 to 10)
Fill in the blanks type Questions(Q. 11 to 25)
Q.1 Two line segments are congruent if they have
Q.11 Two line segments AB and CD are of equal
same length.
length of 10 cm, M and N are mid points of
Q.2 Two squares are congruent if they have same AB and CD respectively. Is AM CN?
corresponding angles. .

Q.3 Two circles are congruent if they have any Q.12 Two circles have equal areas. Are these
radius. circles congruent?  .

Q.4 Three sides and three angles are the six Q.13 Area of two congruent square is equal. Is it
matching parts for the congruence of true?  .
triangles.
Q.14 ABC XYZ. If XYZ = 65°, the
Q.5 AAA is one of the cases for proving triangles measure of ABC is  .
congruent.
Q.15 If all the corresponding angles of two
Q.6 SAS is one of the cases for proving triangles triangles are equal, are these two triangles
congruent. congruent?  .
Q.16 A triangle PQR has each angle of 60°.
Q.7 SSA is one of the cases for proving triangles
Another triangle DEF also each angle of 60°.
congruent.
Is PQR DEF?  .
Q.8 If DEF BCA, then EF = CA.
Q.17 ABC DEF. If B = 50°, C = 70°,
Q.9 If DEF BCA, then F is equal to A. find the measure of D  .

Q.10 If PQR ABC, then their corresponding Q.18 PQR XYZ and PR = 7 cm, find XZ
angles are equal. .
Q.19 In ABC and PQR, AB = PQ, B = Q
and AC = PR. Is ABC PQR?  .

Q.20 If the two sides and an angle of one triangle

are respectively equal to two sides and an
angle of the other, are the triangles
congruent?  .

Q.21 Between two congruent line segments, one

has a measure of 7 cm, the measure of the Q.30 Given below are pairs of congruent triangles.
other segment is  . State the property of congruence and name
the congruent triangles in each case.
Q.22 Two circles C1 and C2 are if their radii
are equal.

Q.23 If mA = mB, we can also mean for it  .

Q.24 Two figures are said to be congruent if they

have and  .

Q.25 sides and angles are the six

matching parts for the congruence of
triangles.

Q.26 State the correspondence between the

vertices, sides and angles of the following
pairs of congruent triangles :
(i) XYZ PQR
(ii) NPM RQS

Q.27 Given that ABC RPQ, A = 50°,

B = 60°, find P, Q, R.

Q.28 In an isosceles ABC, AB = AC, D and E are

two points on the sides AB and AC
respectively such that AD = AE. Prove that
ABE ACD.
Q.29 In the figure given below, PQ = PS and
QR = RS. Find the third pair of corresponding
parts that makes PQR PSR by SSS
congruence condition.

Q.31 In the figure below, are the two triangles

congruent? If yes, mention the congruence of
the two triangles in symbolic form.
Q.32 In the figure, PQ || SR and PQ = SR
Q.37 Prove that the bisector of the vertical angle of
an isosceles triangles bisects the base at right
angles.

Q.38 In the adjacent figure, C is mid point of AB,

BAD = ABE.
(i) Is QPR = SRP? Why ?
(ii) Is PQR RSP? If yes write
congruence condition.

Q.33 In the given figure, AC AB, DB AB

and AC = DB. Prove that

Prove that
(i) DAC EBC (ii) DA = EB

Q.39 In the adjoining figure, AD = AE, D and E

are points on BC such that BD = EC.
(i) OAC OBD, write the congruency Prove that AB = AC.
condition.
(ii) Is OA = OB? Why ?

Q.34 Prove that in an isosceles triangle, the angles

opposite to equal sides are equal.

Q.35 In figure given below, PQ = PR and QS = SR.

Prove that PSQ PSR and hence show
that QPS = RPS.
Q.40 In figure, the line segment joining the mid
points M and N of opposite sides AB and DC
of quadrilateral ABCD is perpendicular to
both sides. Prove that the other two sides of
the quadrilateral are equal.

Q.36 In the figure, it is given that

ED = DF, BD = DC, DE  AB and DF
AC. Prove that AE = AF.
 ANSWER KEY
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. F
8. T 9. F 10. T 11. Yes 12. Yes 13. Yes 14. 65°
15. No 16. No 17. 60° 18. 7 cm 19. Yes 20. No 21. 7 cm
22. Congruent 23. A = B 24. Same Shape, Same Size 25. 3, 3
26. (i) X P, Y Q, Z R, = , = , = , X = P, Y = Q, Z = R

(ii) N R, P Q, M S, = , = , = , N = R, P = Q, M = S

27. R = 50°, P = 60°, Q = 70° 29. PR = PR (common)
30. (i) RHS, ABC RQP ; (ii) SAS, QPR ABC ; (iii) SSS, ABC ZYX ; (iv) ASA; PQR PSR
31. Yes, by SAS, POQ SOR 32. (i) Yes, alternate angles, (ii) Yes, by SAS
33. (i) Yes, by ASA, (ii) Yes, corresponding parts of congruent triangles