Academy of Technology

Department: EE

Paper Name: Embedded System

Semester: 7th

Paper code: OE-EE702A

PowerPoint presentation on Purpose of Embedded System

Presented by

Name: Rideep Ganguly University Roll No: 16901622059

Introduction to
Embedded Systems
Embedded systems are specialized computer systems designed to perform specific
tasks within a larger system. They are often characterized by their real-time
capabilities, limited resources, and close interaction with the physical world.
Embedded systems have become ubiquitous in modern life, playing crucial roles in
everything from automobiles and smartphones to medical devices and industrial
machinery. This presentation will delve into the fundamentals of embedded systems,
exploring their definition, key characteristics, common applications, advantages,
design considerations, and the technologies that underpin their functionality.
Definition of Embedded Systems
An embedded system is a dedicated computer system designed for a specific application or task. Unlike general-purpose
computers like PCs or laptops, embedded systems are typically built around a microcontroller or microprocessor and are
integrated into a larger product or device. They are often characterized by their real-time nature, which means they must
respond to events within specific time constraints.

Specialized Real-Time
Designed for a specific purpose, embedded systems Embedded systems are often required to respond to
are tailored to the unique requirements of the events and provide outputs within strict time limits.
application. They are not intended for general This is crucial for applications like automotive control
computing tasks. systems or industrial automation.

Resource-Constrained
Embedded systems typically have limited processing power, memory, and other resources compared to general-purpose
computers. They must be carefully designed to operate efficiently within these constraints.
Key Characteristics of Embedded Systems

Embedded systems share certain key characteristics that distinguish them from general-purpose computers:

1 Real-Time Operation 2 Resource Constraints

Embedded systems must respond to events Embedded systems often operate with limited
within defined timeframes, ensuring smooth processing power, memory, and energy
and predictable operation. This is essential for resources. Efficient design and optimization are
applications requiring precise timing and crucial to meet the requirements of the
control. application.

3 Hardware-Software Integration 4 Dedicated Functionality

Embedded systems closely integrate hardware Embedded systems are designed for specific
and software components. This synergy is applications and tasks. They are not meant to
crucial for realizing the intended functionality be general-purpose computing platforms.
of the system.
Common Applications of Embedded Systems
Embedded systems are ubiquitous in modern technology, powering a vast array of devices and applications across various industries:

Consumer Electronics Automotive Industrial Automation

Smartphones, tablets, televisions, gaming Modern vehicles rely heavily on embedded Embedded systems are essential in
consoles, and digital cameras all rely on systems for tasks such as engine control, industrial automation, controlling processes
embedded systems to control their anti-lock braking systems (ABS), air bag like robotic arms, assembly lines, and
functionality and interact with users. deployment, and infotainment systems. manufacturing equipment.
Advantages of Embedded Systems
Embedded systems offer a range of advantages that make them suitable for various applications:

Enhanced Performance Tailored for specific tasks, embedded systems can achieve
optimal performance by focusing on specific
functionalities.

Cost-Effectiveness Resource-constrained design and dedicated functionality

can lead to lower production costs compared to general-
purpose computers.

Reliability and Durability Embedded systems are designed for robustness and
reliability, making them suitable for harsh environments
and long-term operation.

Real-Time Capabilities The real-time nature of embedded systems allows for

precise control and responsiveness, critical for time-
sensitive applications.

Low Power Consumption Optimized design and resource management contribute

to low power consumption, ideal for battery-powered or
energy-sensitive applications.
Embedded System Design Considerations
Designing an embedded system requires careful consideration of multiple factors to ensure successful implementation:

Requirements Analysis
Clearly define the application's requirements, including functionality, performance, resource constraints, and real-time constraints.

Hardware Selection
Choose appropriate microcontrollers, sensors, actuators, and other hardware components based on the requirements.

Software Development
Develop embedded software, including drivers, operating systems, and application code, to control the hardware and perform the desired tasks.

Testing and Debugging

Thoroughly test the system to ensure it meets the requirements and eliminate potential errors.

Deployment and Maintenance

Prepare the system for deployment and plan for ongoing maintenance to ensure its long-term functionality.
Microcontrollers and Microprocessors in Embedded
Systems
Microcontrollers and microprocessors are the heart of embedded systems, providing the processing power to execute instructions and control the
system's functionality. Understanding the differences between these components is crucial for choosing the right technology for a specific
application:

Microcontrollers Microprocessors
Microcontrollers are integrated circuits that include a processor, Microprocessors are more general-purpose processing units, often
memory, and input/output (I/O) peripherals all on a single chip. They requiring external memory and peripherals to function. They are
are designed for embedded applications and often come with typically more powerful than microcontrollers but can be more
peripherals specifically tailored for interfacing with sensors, actuators, complex to design and implement in embedded systems.
and other devices.
Real-Time Constraints and Embedded Systems

Real-time constraints are crucial considerations in embedded system design. These constraints dictate the system's ability to
respond to events within specific time limits. Embedded systems often operate in dynamic environments where timely responses
are essential for safety, efficiency, and reliability. Meeting these real-time requirements is a critical aspect of ensuring the proper
functioning of the system.

Deadline-Driven
Real-time systems must meet deadlines, ensuring tasks are completed within specific timeframes. This is crucial for tasks like
controlling an engine or responding to user input.

Data-Driven
Real-time systems often process data streams, requiring rapid responses to changes in input. This is essential for tasks like sensor
data acquisition or network communication.

Control-Oriented
Real-time systems are often used to control physical processes, requiring precise timing and responsiveness to maintain stability
and performance.
Embedded Software and Firmware Development
Developing embedded software involves creating the instructions and algorithms that control the hardware and execute the desired functions. This software is often
referred to as firmware and is tailored to the specific requirements of the embedded system.

Requirements Analysis 1
Clearly define the system's functionalities, performance expectations,
and limitations to guide software development.
2 Architecture Design
Design a software architecture that efficiently manages resources,
handles real-time constraints, and supports the required
Code Implementation 3 functionalities.
Develop the actual code using programming languages and tools
appropriate for the embedded platform.
4 Testing and Debugging
Thoroughly test the software on the target hardware to ensure it
functions correctly and meets all requirements.
Deployment and Maintenance 5
Deploy the software on the embedded system and plan for ongoing
maintenance to address any issues and incorporate updates.
Conclusion: The Versatility of Embedded Systems

Embedded systems have become integral to modern technology, revolutionizing various industries and shaping our daily lives. Their versatility stems
from their ability to perform specific tasks efficiently and reliably within resource-constrained environments. The continued advancement of
microelectronics, software development tools, and real-time operating systems will further enhance the capabilities and applications of embedded
systems in the future. As technology evolves, embedded systems will continue to play a pivotal role in shaping the way we interact with the world
around us.
 Reference

• https://www.ko2.co.uk/what-are-embedded-systems-used-for/
• https://embeddedhash.in/purpose-of-embedded-systems/
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-of-embedded-systems-set-1/
Thank You