Light
Page 184
THINK & ANSWER
1. Luminous objects: The objects which emit light of their own are called luminous objects, e.g.
the sun, stars, burning candle, a glowing electric lamp, etc.
Non-luminous objects: The objects which do not emit light of their own are called non-luminous
objects. e.g. a table, the earth, the moon etc.
2. The Moon is not considered a luminous body because it does not have light of its own.
3. (a) The image formed due to regular reflection is sharp and clear.
(b) The image formed due to irregular reflection is not sharp and clear.
4. Regular reflection is shown when light falls on a smooth surface, such as mirror or a highly
polished surface, like shiny stainless steel.
The advantage of this type of refelction is that image formed is sharp and clear.
Page 190
THINK & ANSWER
1. Candela
2. Sir Issac Newton
3. When white light is passed through an equilateral prism, it splits into seven colours. This
phenomenon is called dispersion. The reason for the dispersion of white light is the
phenomenon of refraction. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from air to a
piece of glass, its speed and direction change. This breaks up the light into its seven colours.
4. (1) Dispersion: Splitting up of white light into its seven colours is called dispersion.
(ii) Spectrum: The band of seven colours obtained when white light undergoes dispersion.
5. Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange Rad VTROVOR)
B. 1.
Page 197-200
A. 1. d.
2. d.
3. a.
4. b.
5. b.
6.
d.
7. с.
8. с.
52
E. 1. a.
2. b.
3. с.
F. 1. When a light falls on a smooth surface such as mirror or a highly polished surface like shiny
stainless steel and reflects in one particular direction, it is called regular reflection.
2. Refraction is defined as the change in the speed and direction of light, when it passes from
one transparent medium to another.
3. When white light passes through an equilateral prism it splits into seven colours (VIBGYOR).
This is called dispersion of light.
4. The order of colours is violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.
5. Cornea, iris, pupil, eye lens, retina, yellow spot and blind spot
G. 1. Laws of reflection are:
(i) The incident ray, the reflected ray and normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane.
(ii) The angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.
1. Candela
2. Sir Issac Newton
3. When white light is passed through an equilateral prism, it splits into seven colours. This
phenomenon is called dispersion. The reason for the dispersion of white light is the
phenomenon of refraction. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from air to a
piece of glass, its speed and direction change. This breaks up the light into its seven colours.
4. (1) Dispersion: Splitting up of white light into its seven colours is called dispersion.
(ii) Spectrum: The band of seven colours obtained when white light undergoes dispersion.
5. Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red (VIBGYOR)
Page 197-200
A. 1. d.
2. d.
3. a.
4. b.
5. b.
6. d.
7. с.
8. с.
B. 1. luminous
2. luminous, non-luminous
3. reflects
4. incidence, reflection
5. angle
6. seven, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red
7. Braille
C. 1. F
3. T
D. 1. (c)-(ii)
3. (b)(i)
E. 1. a.
2. b.
2. T
4. T
2. (a)(iii)
4. (d)(iv)
3. с.
F. 1. When a light falls on a smooth surface such as mirror or a highly polished surface like shiny
stainless steel and reflects in one particular direction, it is called regular reflection.
2. Refraction is defined as the change in the speed and direction of light, when it passes from
one transparent medium to another.
3. When white light passes through an equilateral prism it splits into seven colours (VIBGYOR).
This is called dispersion of light.
4. The order of colours is violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.
5. Cornea, iris, pupil, eye lens, retina, yellow spot and blind spot
G. 1. Laws of reflection are:
(i) The incident ray, the reflected ray and normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane.
(ii) The angle of incidence is always equal to angle
2.Make it from the notes.
3. It is very important to take care of our eyes because eyes are the organs of the sense of
sight, which is most important.
4. (i) In case dirt or insect get into our eyes, we should not rub them, as it can harm the eyes.
We should wash the eyes with clean water or consult a doctor.
(ii) If we read, watch television or work on a computer for long hours, it may affect our eyes.
(iii) Our eyes can also be affected, if we read in a moving bus or train or in dim light.
5. The iris regulates the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil.
6. A person suffering from night blindness can see during the daytime but not at night or in dim
light. It occurs due to the deficiency of vitamin A.
Night blindness can be cured by consuming a good quantity of vitamin A in our food. Vitamin A
is present in large quantities in milk, cheese, mangoes, spinach, carrots, tomatoes, cabbage,
cod liver oil, etc.
H. 1. The statements is true because tube-light does not give out heat.
3. (1) The image is virtual and erect.
(ii) The image is of the same size as that of the object.
(iii) The image is formed as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
(iv) The image is laterally inverted.
4. A rectangular array of raised dots on the surface of paper is called a Braille cell.
Visually challenged people recognise the letters by touch. This method is called Braille because
it was developed by the scientist Louis Braille in 1820. In this method, the text is printed on a
thick sheet of paper using special symbols. These symbols consist of up to six dots, 2 dots
horizontally and 3 dots vertically, in a rectangular array. The dots are slightly raised above the
surface of the paper. A visually.
K. 1. Take 3 rectangular mirrors with mirror sides facing each other, forming a triangular tube.
Close one end of the tube using triangular glass with adhesive. Roll a cardboard around the
tube. Place a few pieces of broken bangles or coloured glass on the glass cover. Place the
second triangular glass over it and fix it with adhesive to the outer cardboard jacket. Cover the
other end of the jacket with a thick piece of paper and make a peep-hole at its centre and
kaleidoscope is ready.
2. As per the law of reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
Therefore, Zi + r = 100° or r = 50°, i.e. Angle of reflection is equal to 50°.
3. Cataract can be corrected by surgery, which involves removing the clouded lens and
replacing it with a clear artificial lens.
4. Some people are colour blind for specific colour because their light-sensitive cells in the
retina fail to respond appropriately to different wavelengths of light, which affects their ability to
see certain colour.
